Caroline Phillips: Hurdy-gurdy for beginners

翻译人员: Chaoran Yu 校对人员: Amy Zerotus

Now, since this is TEDGlobal,

既然这是TEDGlobal大会，

who can tell me what this is called in French?

我就来考考你们，这件乐器的法文名是什么？

I see you're all up on the history of hurdy-gurdy --

我认为你们都应精通绞弦琴的历史。

"vielle à roue."

法文名是“Vielle à roue”。

And in Spanish, "zanfona."

西班牙语名则是“zanfona”。

And in Italian, "ghironda," okay?

意大利语则是“ghironda”。

Hurdy-gurdy, or wheel fiddle.

这就是绞弦琴或者说是手摇风琴。

So, these are the different kinds and shapes of the hurdy-gurdy.

屏幕上所展得是不同类型或不同形状的绞弦琴。

The hurdy-gurdy is the only musical instrument

仅有绞弦琴这种乐器

that uses a crank to turn a wheel

使用一种曲柄来操控木轮摩擦

to rub strings, like the bow of a violin,

琴弦来演奏歌曲，

to produce music.

功用与小提琴琴弓一样。

It has three different kinds of strings.

绞弦琴有三种不同的琴弦。

The first string is the drone string,

第一种是低音琴弦，

which plays a continuous sound like the bagpipe.

是用来发出如同风笛一般的持续低音。

The second string is a melody string,

第二种则是调音弦，

which is played with a wooden keyboard tuned like a piano.

它与木制琴键盒搭配奏出如钢琴般的乐声。

And the third string is pretty innovative.

第三种则是独具匠心了。

It's also the only instrument

绞弦琴是现今唯一一种

that uses this kind of technique.

使用此项技术的乐器。

It activates what's called the buzzing bridge, or the dog.

它可以启动响桥(buzzing bridge)或者叫做“dog”。

When I turn the crank and I apply pressure,

当我转动曲柄时及施以压力时，

it makes a sound like a barking dog.

它就会发出一种如同狗吠般的声音，懂吗？

So all of this is pretty innovative,

这些部分都别具匠心啊。

if you consider

绞弦琴大约是在

that the hurdy-gurdy appeared about a thousand years ago

千年以前就存在的乐器，

and it took two people to play it;

当时需要两人一同演奏绞弦琴，

one to turn the crank,

一位转动曲柄，

and another person -- yes -- to play the melody

另一位则拉动木制琴栓

by physically pulling up large wooden pegs.

以驾驭调音弦。

Luckily, all of this changed a couple of centuries later.

然后几个世纪后，绞弦琴有所改变，

So, one person could actually play

因此一个人亦可以演奏绞弦琴了，

and almost -- this is pretty heavy --

当然一个人也能搬动绞弦琴，

carry the hurdy-gurdy.

古早的绞弦琴是很重的。

The hurdy-gurdy has been used, historically, through the centuries

从音乐史角度来说，绞弦琴

in mostly dance music

一般是与舞蹈搭配起来，

because of the uniqueness of the melody

这是由于绞弦琴独特的曲调而造成的，

combined with the acoustic boombox here.

当然还得和这个内置扬声器配合使用。

And today, the hurdy-gurdy is used in all sorts of music --

于当今之世，绞弦琴是可用于各种类别的音乐，

traditional folk music,

如民俗音乐、

dance, contemporary

舞蹈配乐、当代音乐

and world music --

及流行音乐，

in the U.K., in France, in Spain

而且它已响彻

and in Italy.

欧洲各国。

And this kind of hurdy-gurdy takes anywhere from three to five years [to order and receive it].

一件绞弦琴需要一位匠人用

It's made by specialized luthiers,

三到五年方能制成，

also in Europe.

这些匠人皆居于欧洲。

And it's very difficult to tune.

而且绞弦琴调音很困难。

So without further ado, would you like to hear it?

闲话不多说，你们想听么？

(Audience: Yes.)

(观众：想。)

Caroline Phillips: I didn't hear you. Would you like to hear it? (Audience: Yes!)

卡罗琳·菲利普斯：我听不见，你们想不想？(观众：想！)

CP: Okay.

卡罗琳·菲利普斯：好！

There I go.

马上就开始。

I'd like to sing in Basque,

我想用巴斯克语来吟唱，

which is the language spoken in the Basque Country where I live,

因为那里是我所居住的地方，

in the region in France and Spain.

那是一片位于法国和西班牙之间的区域。

(Music)

(音乐)

[Basque]

[巴斯克语]

(Music)

(音乐)

Thank you.

谢谢。

(Applause)

(掌声)

This is a song that I wrote

这是我根据传统的巴斯克韵律

based on traditional Basque rhythms.

所谱写得一首曲子。

And this is a song that has a kind of a Celtic feel.

这首曲子是具有凯尔特的风韵。

(Music)

(音乐)

Thank you. Thank you.

谢谢。

(Applause)

(掌声)