Caroline Phillips: Hurdy-gurdy for beginners

301,212 views ใƒป 2010-09-17

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Dan Goldshmidt ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
00:15
Now, since this is TEDGlobal,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืžืื—ืจ ื•ื–ื” ื˜ื“-ืขื•ืœืžื™,
00:17
who can tell me what this is called in French?
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ืžื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœื™ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ื‘ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช?
00:21
I see you're all up on the history of hurdy-gurdy --
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืฉืื™ื ื›ื ื‘ืงื™ืื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืจื“ื™-ื’ืจื“ื™.
00:23
"vielle ร  roue."
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"ื•ื™ื™ืืœ ืื• ืจื•."
00:25
And in Spanish, "zanfona."
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ื•ื‘ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช, "ื–ื ืคื•ืื ื”."
00:27
And in Italian, "ghironda," okay?
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ื•ื‘ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช, "ื’ื”ื™ืจื•ื ื“ื”," ืื•ืงื™?
00:29
Hurdy-gurdy, or wheel fiddle.
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ื”ืจื“ื™-ื’ืจื“ื™, ืื• ื›ื™ื ื•ืจ ื”ื’ืœื’ืœ.
00:32
So, these are the different kinds and shapes of the hurdy-gurdy.
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ืื ื›ืš, ืืœื• ื”ื ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื•ื”ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืจื“ื™-ื’ืจื“ื™.
00:35
The hurdy-gurdy is the only musical instrument
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ื”ื”ืจื“ื™-ื’ืจื“ื™ ื”ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ื”ื ื’ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“
00:38
that uses a crank to turn a wheel
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ืฉื ืขื–ืจ ื‘ืืจื›ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืกื•ื‘ื‘ ื’ืœื’ืœ
00:41
to rub strings, like the bow of a violin,
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ืฉืžืฉืคืฉืฃ ืžื™ืชืจื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืงืฉืช ืฉืœ ื›ื™ื ื•ืจ,
00:44
to produce music.
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”.
00:46
It has three different kinds of strings.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกื•ื’ื™ ืžื™ืชืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
00:49
The first string is the drone string,
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ื”ืžื™ืชืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžื™ืชืจ ื”ื“ื‘ื•ืจ,
00:52
which plays a continuous sound like the bagpipe.
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ืืฉืจ ืžื ื’ืŸ ืฆืœื™ืœ ื—ื“-ื’ื•ื ื™ ืฉื ื“ืžื” ืœืฆืœื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ื—ืžืช ื”ื—ืœื™ืœื™ื.
00:57
The second string is a melody string,
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ื”ืžื™ืชืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžื™ืชืจ ื”ืžื ื’ื™ื ื”,
00:59
which is played with a wooden keyboard tuned like a piano.
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ืฉืžื ื•ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืœื•ื— ืžืงืฉื™ื ืžืขืฅ ืฉืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื›ืžื• ืคืกื ืชืจ.
01:08
And the third string is pretty innovative.
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ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ื•ื ื“ื™ ื—ื“ืฉื ื™.
01:10
It's also the only instrument
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ื–ื”ื• ื’ื ื›ืœื™ ื”ื ื’ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ (ืฉืžื ื•ื’ืŸ ื›ื™ื•ื)
01:12
that uses this kind of technique.
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ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื” ื”ื–ื•.
01:15
It activates what's called the buzzing bridge, or the dog.
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ื”ื•ื ืžืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื ืงืจื ื”ื’ืฉืจ ื”ืžื–ืžื–ื, ืื• ื”ื›ืœื‘.
01:19
When I turn the crank and I apply pressure,
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื™ ืžืกื•ื‘ื‘ืช ืืช ื”ืืจื›ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืื ื™ ืžืคืขื™ืœื” ืœื—ืฅ,
01:25
it makes a sound like a barking dog.
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ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืžื™ืข ืฆืœื™ืœ ืฉื ืฉืžืข ื›ืžื• ื›ืœื‘ ื ื•ื‘ื—, ืื•ืงื™?
01:29
So all of this is pretty innovative,
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ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื“ื™ ื—ื“ืฉื ื™,
01:31
if you consider
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ืื ืชืงื—ื• ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ
01:33
that the hurdy-gurdy appeared about a thousand years ago
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ืฉื”ื”ืจื“ื™-ื’ืจื“ื™ ื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœืคื ื™ ื›1000 ืฉื ื™ื,
01:35
and it took two people to play it;
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ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ื ื“ืจืฉื• ืฉื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ื’ืŸ ื‘ื•,
01:37
one to turn the crank,
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ืื—ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื•ื‘ื‘ ืืช ื”ืืจื›ื•ื‘ื”,
01:39
and another person -- yes -- to play the melody
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ื•ืื“ื ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื ื’ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื ื’ื™ื ื”
01:41
by physically pulling up large wooden pegs.
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉื™ื›ื” (ื™ื“ื ื™ืช) ื›ืœืคื™ ืžืขืœื” ืฉืœ ื™ืชื“ื•ืช ืขืฅ ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช.
01:45
Luckily, all of this changed a couple of centuries later.
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ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืžื–ืœ, ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื”ืฉืชื ื” ื›ืžื” ืžืื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ.
01:48
So, one person could actually play
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ื›ืš ืฉืื“ื ืื—ื“ ืžืžืฉ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื ื’ืŸ
01:50
and almost -- this is pretty heavy --
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืžืขื˜ -- ื–ื” ื“ื™ ื›ื‘ื“ --
01:52
carry the hurdy-gurdy.
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ืœืกื—ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื”ืจื“ื™-ื’ืจื“ื™.
01:55
The hurdy-gurdy has been used, historically, through the centuries
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ื‘ื”ืจื“ื™-ื’ืจื“ื™ ื ืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”, ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžืื•ืช
01:58
in mostly dance music
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ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืžื•ื–ื™ืงืช ืจื™ืงื•ื“ื™ื,
02:00
because of the uniqueness of the melody
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชย ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื’ื™ื ื”
02:03
combined with the acoustic boombox here.
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ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขื ื”ืจื“ื™ื•-ื˜ื™ื™ืค ื”ืืงื•ืกื˜ื™ ืคื”.
02:06
And today, the hurdy-gurdy is used in all sorts of music --
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ื•ื”ื™ื•ื, ื‘ื”ืจื“ื™-ื’ืจื“ื™ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืกื•ื’ื™ ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” --
02:09
traditional folk music,
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ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ืขืžืžื™ืช ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช,
02:11
dance, contemporary
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ืจื™ืงื•ื“ื™ื, ืขื›ืฉื•ื•ื™ืช
02:13
and world music --
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ื•ืžื•ื–ื™ืงืช ืขื•ืœื --
02:16
in the U.K., in France, in Spain
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ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”, ื‘ืฆืจืคืช, ื‘ืกืคืจื“
02:18
and in Italy.
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ื•ื‘ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื”.
02:20
And this kind of hurdy-gurdy takes anywhere from three to five years [to order and receive it].
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ื•ืกื•ื’ ื›ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื“ื™-ื’ืจื“ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื—ืชย ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ 3 ืœ-5 ืฉื ื™ื (ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ).
02:23
It's made by specialized luthiers,
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ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื•ืฆืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื ืื™ ื›ืœื™ ืžื™ืชืจ ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื,
02:25
also in Europe.
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ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”.
02:28
And it's very difficult to tune.
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ื•ืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“ ืœื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืื•ืชื•.
02:32
So without further ado, would you like to hear it?
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ืื ื›ืš, ืœืœื ืฉื•ื ืขื™ืงื•ื‘ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ื”ืื ืชืจืฆื• ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืื•ืชื•?
02:34
(Audience: Yes.)
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(ื”ืงื”ืœ: ื›ืŸ.)
02:36
Caroline Phillips: I didn't hear you. Would you like to hear it? (Audience: Yes!)
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ืœื ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืืชื›ื. ื”ืื ืชืจืฆื• ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืื•ืชื•? (ื”ืงื”ืœ: ื›ืŸ!)
02:38
CP: Okay.
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ืื•ืงื™.
02:40
There I go.
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ื”ื ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื.
02:43
I'd like to sing in Basque,
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ืื•ืงื™, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืฉื™ืจ ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ื‘ืกืงื™ืช,
02:45
which is the language spoken in the Basque Country where I live,
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ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ื‘ืกืงื™ืช ื‘ื” ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื”,
02:48
in the region in France and Spain.
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ื”ืœื• ื”ื™ื ืื–ื•ืจ ื‘ืฆืจืคืช ื•ืกืคืจื“.
02:51
(Music)
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(ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”)
03:00
[Basque]
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[ื‘ืกืงื™ืช]
03:45
(Music)
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(ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”)
04:36
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
04:38
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
04:40
This is a song that I wrote
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ื–ื”ื• ืฉื™ืจ ืฉื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ืื ื™
04:43
based on traditional Basque rhythms.
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ื‘ื”ืฉืจืืช ืžืงืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกืงื™ื ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื.
04:46
And this is a song that has a kind of a Celtic feel.
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ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉื™ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžืขื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืจื” ืงืœื˜ื™ืช ืฉื›ื–ื•.
04:50
(Music)
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(ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”)
05:30
Thank you. Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
05:32
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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