Give yourself permission to be creative | Ethan Hawke | TED

翻译人员: Zeddi Lee 校对人员: Yolanda Zhang

I was hoping today to talk a little bit about creativity.

我希望今天可以谈谈创意。

You know, a lot of people really struggle

很多人真的很吝于 给自己机会

to give themselves permission to be creative.

发挥创意。

And reasonably so.

这情有可原。

I mean, we're all a little suspect of our own talent.

我们多多少少都会 怀疑自己的才华。

And I remember a story I came across in my early 20s

记得在我二十岁出头时 偶然发现了一个故事，

that kind of meant a lot to me.

对当时的我意义重大。

我当时很迷艾伦·金斯伯格 （Allen Ginsberg），

I was really into Allen Ginsberg,

and I was reading his poetry,

正在读他的诗作，

我正在读—— 他参与了许多访谈——

and I was reading -- he did a lot of interviews --

and one time, William F. Buckley had this television program

那时候，小威廉· F ·巴克利 有个电视节目

叫《射击线》。

called "Firing Line,"

and Ginsberg went on there and sang a Hare Krishna song

金斯伯格在那个节目中 一边吹着口琴，

while playing the harmonium.

一边吟唱着奎师那 （Hare Krishn）的颂歌。

And he got back to New York to all his intelligentsia friends,

回到纽约后，

身旁的知识分子朋友 全都告诉他：

and they all told him,

“你知不知道大家都觉得 你看起来像个白痴？

"Don't you know that everybody thinks you're an idiot,

全国的人都在嘲笑你。”

and the whole country's making fun of you?"

And he said, "That's my job.

他说：“那是我的工作。

I'm a poet, and I'm going to play the fool.

我是诗人，我要扮演傻子。

Most people have to go to work all day long,

大部分的人整天都在工作，

and they come home and they fight with their spouse,

他们回到家，和另一半吵架，

吃东西，打开老旧的电视机，

and they eat, and they turn on the old boob tube,

电视上有人试着推销东西给他们，

and somebody tries to sell them something,

而我把那些都扰乱了。

and I just screwed all that up.

I went on and I sang about Krishna,

我在节目上吟唱奎师那颂歌，

and now they're sitting in bed and going, 'Who is this stupid poet?'

他们则坐在床上，说： ‘那个傻了吧唧的诗人是谁？’

And they can't fall asleep, right?"

然后就无法入睡了，对吧？”

And that's his job as a poet.

那就是他身为诗人的工作。

And so, I find that very liberating,

这个故事让我感到了解脱，

because I think that most of us really want to offer the world

因为我认为大部分人都希望

提供给世界高质量的东西，

something of quality,

something that the world will consider good or important.

世人认为不错或重要的东西。

And that's really the enemy,

那真的是大敌，

because it's not up to us whether what we do is any good,

因为我们所作所为的好与坏 并非由我们来决定；

and if history has taught us anything,

如果我们从历史中学到了点什么，

the world is an extremely unreliable critic.

那就是，世人的批评极不可靠，

对吧？

Right?

所以，你得自问：

So you have to ask yourself:

Do you think human creativity matters?

人类的创造力有意义吗？

Well, hmm.

怎么说呢，

Most people don't spend a lot of time thinking about poetry. Right?

大部分的人不会花很多时间 去思考诗歌创作，对吧？

They have a life to live,

他们要过日子，

and they're not really that concerned with Allen Ginsberg's poems

没有那么关心艾伦·金斯伯格

or anybody's poems,

或任何人的诗作，

until their father dies,

直到他们的父亲过世，

they go to a funeral,

要出席葬礼，

you lose a child,

或者你失去了自己的孩子，

somebody breaks your heart, they don't love you anymore,

或者你心碎了， 别人不爱你了，

and all of a sudden,

于是突然间，

you're desperate for making sense out of this life,

你拼命想在 这样的人生中理出头绪：

and, "Has anybody ever felt this bad before?

“曾经有人感觉这么糟糕吗？

How did they come out of this cloud?"

他们是怎么走出阴霾的？”

Or the inverse -- something great.

或者反过来，很棒的事情发生了。

You meet somebody and your heart explodes.

你遇到某人，心花怒放。

You love them so much, you can't even see straight.

你深爱着他们， 甚至被蒙蔽了双眼。

You know, you're dizzy.

你被爱冲昏了头：

"Did anybody feel like this before? What is happening to me?"

“以前有人有这种感觉吗？ 我这是怎么了？”

And that's when art's not a luxury, it's actually sustenance.

此时，艺术就不再是奢侈品， 而是一种食粮，

We need it.

我们需要它。

OK. Well, what is it?

好的，那它究竟是什么呢？

Human creativity is nature manifest in us.

人类的创意就是大自然 在我们体内呈现出来的形式。

We look at the, oh ...

当我们看到，比如说——

the aurora borealis. Right?

北极光，对吧？

I did this movie called "White Fang" when I was a kid,

我年轻时候出演过 电影《雪地黄金犬》，

拍摄地在阿拉斯加，

and we shot up in Alaska,

and you go out at night

我们晚上走到外面，

天空荡漾着紫色、 粉红色、白色的涟漪，

and the sky was like rippling with purple and pink and white,

and it's the most beautiful thing I ever saw.

那是我见过最美丽的东西。

It really looked like the sky was playing.

仿佛天空在刷什么小把戏，

Beautiful.

美极了。

日落时分的大峡谷，

You go to Grand Canyon at sundown.

It's beautiful.

也非常美。

We know that's beautiful.

我们知道那些都很美。

但堕入爱河呢？

But fall in love?

Your lover's pretty beautiful.

你的爱人相当美。

I have four kids.

我有四个孩子。

Watching them play?

看他们玩耍，

Watching them pretend to be a butterfly

看他们假扮成蝴蝶，

or run around the house and doing anything,

或在房子旁跑来跑去， 做各种各样的事，

it's so beautiful.

那画面真的很美。

And I believe that we are here on this star in space

我相信我们存在于 太空中的这颗行星上，

to try to help one another. Right?

是要来帮助彼此的，对吧？

And first we have to survive,

首先，我们要生存，

and then we have to thrive.

接着我们要茁壮成长。

And to thrive, to express ourselves,

茁壮成长， 是为了去表达我们自己。

alright, well, here's the rub: we have to know ourselves.

那么问题来了： 我们需要了解自己。

What do you love?

你喜爱什么？

And if you get close to what you love,

如果你能接近你所爱的，

who you are is revealed to you,

便能揭示出 “你是谁”，

and it expands.

然后再扩展出去。

For me, it was really easy.

对我来说，这非常容易。

I did my first professional play. I was 12 years old.

我十二岁时就第一次 参与职业戏剧演出，

I was in a play called "Saint Joan" by George Bernard Shaw

出演的戏剧是 萧伯纳的《圣女贞德》，

at the McCarter Theatre,

地点在麦卡特剧院，

and -- boom! -- I was in love.

然后，砰！我“恋爱”了。

My world just expanded.

我的世界瞬间开阔起来。

And that profession -- I'm almost 50 now --

那份职业—— 我现在快五十岁了——

that profession has never stopped giving back to me,

那份职业从未曾 停止回馈给我，

and it gives back more and more,

且回馈得越来越多，

mostly, strangely,

奇怪的是，

大部分都是透过 我演出的角色来回馈的。

through the characters that I've played.

I've played cops, I've played criminals,

我演过警察，演过罪犯，

I've played priests, I've played sinners,

我演过牧师，演过罪人。

and the magic of this over a lifetime, over 30 years of doing this,

这一生，这三十多年的魔法，

is that you start to see that my experiences,

在于你会开始了解，

我的经历，我，伊森，

me, Ethan, is not nearly as unique

并没有我想象的那么独特。

as I thought.

I have so much in common with all these people.

我和这些角色有很多共同点，

And so they have something in common with me.

他们都和我有某些共同点。

You start to see how connected we all are.

于是你会开始意识到， 我们彼此的连结多么紧密。

My great-grandmother, Della Hall Walker Green,

我的曾祖母，戴拉·霍尔·沃克·葛林 （Della Hall Walker Green），

on her deathbed,

临终前

she wrote this little biography in the hospital,

在医院中写下了一本小自传，

and it was only about 36 pages long,

长度大概只有三十六页，

and she spent about five pages

她花了大约五页描写

on the one time she did costumes for a play.

有次她为一出戏剧 制作戏服的经历。

Her first husband got, like, a paragraph.

她首任丈夫只占了 一个段落的篇幅而已，

Cotton farming, of which she did for 50 years, gets a mention.

她种棉花种了五十年， 也只是稍微提到而已，

Five pages on doing these costumes.

却有整整五页内容 是关于制作戏服。

And I look -- my mom gave me one of her quilts that she made,

而当我看到——我妈妈给了我 一条曾祖母做的被子，

and you can feel it.

能感觉得到，

她在表达自己，

She was expressing herself,

and it has a power that's real.

其中蕴含着一种真实的力量。

I remember my stepbrother and I went to go see "Top Gun,"

我记得和我的继兄/弟 在《捍卫战士》上映的那一年

whatever year that came out.

去电影院看这部电影，

And I remember we walked out of the mall, it was, like, blazing hot,

我记得我们走出购物中心， 外面非常热，

I just looked at him,

我看着他，

and we both felt that movie just like a calling from God.

我们都觉得那部电影 就像是神的召唤——

You know? Just ...

怎么形容呢，应该说

But completely differently.

我们的感受其实截然不同。

Like, I wanted to be an actor.

我想要成为演员，

想要创造让人有共鸣的东西，

I was like, I've got to make something that makes people feel.

我就是想要参与。

I just want to be a part of that.

而他想从军。

And he wanted to be in the military.

我们那时玩的就是扮演 联邦调查局、军人、骑士，

That's all we ever did was play FBI, play army man,

play knights, you know, and I'd like, pose with my sword,

我拿着剑摆姿势，

and he would build a working crossbow

而他打造了能用的十字弓，

that you could shoot an arrow into a tree.

朝树木射箭。

所以，他入伍了。

So he joins the army.

Well, he just retired a colonel in the Green Berets.

他才刚以上校的身分 从特种部队退役，

He's a multidecorated combat veteran of Afghanistan and Iraq.

是个得过许多勋章的退伍军人， 参与过阿富汗和伊拉克的实战，

He now teaches a sail camp for children of fallen soldiers.

现在执教于为阵亡将士子弟 所办的航海营。

He gave his life to his passion.

他的一生都在追随他的热情。

His creativity was leadership,

他的创造力是领导能力，

leading others,

领导他人，

his bravery, to help others.

以他的勇气去帮助他人。

That was something he felt called to do,

他觉得那是他的天职，

and it gave back to him.

这份工作也回馈了他。

We know this -- the time of our life is so short,

我们都知道，人生很短，

and how we spend it --

我们要如何利用好这短暂的人生？

are we spending it doing what's important to us?

我们有把时间花在 对我们来说最重要的地方吗？

Most of us not.

大部分人并没有。

I mean, it's hard.

我的意思是，那很难。

The pull of habit is so huge,

习惯的拉力非常大，

and that's what makes kids so beautifully creative,

那就是为什么孩子相当有创造力，

is that they don't have any habits,

因为他们尚未建立任何习惯，

and they don't care if they're any good or not, right?

他们也不在意自己做得好不好。

They're not building a sandcastle going,

他们在堆沙堡时并不会说：

"I think I'm going to be a really good sandcastle builder."

“我认为我将来会成为 很棒的沙堡建造者。”

They just throw themselves at whatever project you put in front of them --

他们就只是单纯投入到 面前的事情当中 ——

dancing, doing a painting,

舞蹈、绘画、

building something:

建造某样东西，

any opportunity they have,

只要他们有机会，

they try to use it to impress upon you their individuality.

他们的个体性就会让你印象深刻。

It's so beautiful.

那很美。

It's a thing that worries me sometimes whenever you talk about creativity,

每当谈到创造力时， 我有时会担心这一点，

because it can have this kind of feel that it's just nice,

因为它会有一种很好的感觉，

you know, or it's warm or it's something pleasant.

让人觉得很温暖或很愉悦。

It's not.

其实不然。

It's vital.

它是必要的，

It's the way we heal each other.

是我们疗愈彼此的方式。

In singing our song,

借由唱出我们的歌，

in telling our story,

说出我们的故事，

in inviting you to say,

邀请你，说：

"Hey, listen to me, and I'll listen to you,"

“嘿，听我说，我也会听你说，”

we're starting a dialogue.

此时我们才开启了对话。

And when you do that, this healing happens,

你这么做，疗愈就开始了。

and we come out of our corners,

我们会走出自己的角落，

and we start to witness each other's common humanity.

开始见证彼此共同的人性，

We start to assert it.

开始维护它。

And when we do that, really good things happen.

当我们这么做时，好事就会发生。

So, if you want to help your community, if you want to help your family,

因此，如果你想要协助 你的族群、家人，

if you want to help your friends,

如果你想要协助你的朋友，

你就得表达自己。

you have to express yourself.

And to express yourself, you have to know yourself.

若要表达自己，就得认识自己。

It's actually super easy.

那其实超级简单，

You just have to follow your love.

你只要追随所爱。

There is no path.

我们面前原本没有路，

There's no path till you walk it,

你得要迈开步伐，才会走出一条路，

and you have to be willing to play the fool.

而你必须愿意扮傻子。

So don't read the book that you should read,

别去读你 “该” 读的书，

read the book you want to read.

去读你 “要” 读的书。

Don't listen to the music that you used to like.

别听你习惯听的那些音乐，

Take some time to listen to some new music.

花点时间听一些新的音乐。

Take some time to talk to somebody that you don't normally talk to.

花点时间，和你平常 不互动的人交谈。

I guarantee, if you do that,

我保证，如果你这么做，

you will feel foolish.

你就会觉得自己很蠢。

That's the point.

而那恰恰就是重点：

Play the fool.

扮演一个傻子。

(Plays guitar)

（弹吉他）

(Sings) Well, I want to go Austin, and I wanna stay home.

（唱歌）我想要去奥斯汀， 我想要待在家。

Invite our friends over but still be alone.

邀请我们的朋友过来， 但仍然孤独一人。

Live for danger.

不畏艰险，

Play it cool.

冷静面对。

Have everyone respect me for being a fool.

让大家都尊重 那个扮演傻子的我。