Give yourself permission to be creative | Ethan Hawke | TED

譯者: Lilian Chiu 審譯者: Pui-Ching Siu

I was hoping today to talk a little bit about creativity.

今天我想談談創意。

You know, a lot of people really struggle

要知道，很多人真的很難 允許自己發揮創造力。

to give themselves permission to be creative.

And reasonably so.

這也合情合理。

I mean, we're all a little suspect of our own talent.

我的意思是，我們多少會 懷疑自己的才華。

And I remember a story I came across in my early 20s

記得在我二十出頭時 偶然發現一個故事，

that kind of meant a lot to me.

對我意義重大。

I was really into Allen Ginsberg,

我當時很迷艾倫·金斯堡，

and I was reading his poetry,

我正在讀他的詩作，

and I was reading -- he did a lot of interviews --

我正在閱讀—— 他參與了許多訪談——

and one time, William F. Buckley had this television program

有一次，小威廉· F ·巴克利

有個電視節目叫《射擊線》。

called "Firing Line,"

and Ginsberg went on there and sang a Hare Krishna song

金斯堡上那個節目，吟唱一段 克里希納咒（Hare Krishna），

while playing the harmonium.

同時演奏小風琴。

And he got back to New York to all his intelligentsia friends,

回到紐約後，身旁的 知識分子朋友全都告訴他：

and they all told him,

「知不知道大家認為你是白痴？

"Don't you know that everybody thinks you're an idiot,

全國都在嘲笑你。」

and the whole country's making fun of you?"

And he said, "That's my job.

他說：「那是我的工作。

I'm a poet, and I'm going to play the fool.

我是詩人，我要扮演傻子。

Most people have to go to work all day long,

大部分的人整天都在工作，

and they come home and they fight with their spouse,

他們回到家，和另一半吵架， 吃東西，打開老舊的電視機，

and they eat, and they turn on the old boob tube,

電視上有人試著推銷東西給他們，

and somebody tries to sell them something,

而我把那些都擾亂了。

and I just screwed all that up.

I went on and I sang about Krishna,

我上節目吟唱克里希納咒，

and now they're sitting in bed and going, 'Who is this stupid poet?'

讓他們則坐在床上，說： 『那個笨詩人是誰？』

And they can't fall asleep, right?"

他們無法入睡，對吧？」

And that's his job as a poet.

那就是他身為詩人的工作。

And so, I find that very liberating,

這個故事讓我感到相當解脫，

because I think that most of us really want to offer the world

因為我認為大部分人都希望

提供給世界有品質的東西，

something of quality,

something that the world will consider good or important.

世人認為不錯或重要的東西。

And that's really the enemy,

那真的是大敵，

because it's not up to us whether what we do is any good,

因為我們所作所為的好與壞 並非由我們來決定；

and if history has taught us anything,

如果我們從歷史學了點什麼，那就是

the world is an extremely unreliable critic.

世人的批評極不可靠，對吧？

Right?

所以，你得問自己：

So you have to ask yourself:

Do you think human creativity matters?

你認為人類的創造力有意義嗎？

Well, hmm.

嗯。

Most people don't spend a lot of time thinking about poetry. Right?

大部分的人不會花很多時間 去思考詩作，對吧？

They have a life to live,

他們要過日子，

and they're not really that concerned with Allen Ginsberg's poems

沒有那麼關心艾倫·金斯堡 或任何人的詩作，

or anybody's poems,

until their father dies,

直到父親過世，

they go to a funeral,

出席葬禮，

you lose a child,

失去了孩子，

somebody breaks your heart, they don't love you anymore,

心碎了，人家不愛你了，

and all of a sudden,

突然你會拼命想在 這樣的人生中找出道理，

you're desperate for making sense out of this life,

and, "Has anybody ever felt this bad before?

以及，「曾經有人感覺這麼糟糕嗎？

How did they come out of this cloud?"

他們是怎麼走出陰霾的？」

Or the inverse -- something great.

或者反過來——很棒的事情。

You meet somebody and your heart explodes.

你遇到某人，心花怒放。

You love them so much, you can't even see straight.

你好愛他們，愛到無法看清一切。

You know, you're dizzy.

被愛沖昏了頭，

"Did anybody feel like this before? What is happening to me?"

「以前有人有這種感覺嗎？ 我這是怎麼了？」

And that's when art's not a luxury, it's actually sustenance.

此時藝術不再是奢侈品， 而是一種食糧，

We need it.

我們需要它。

OK. Well, what is it?

好，那它是什麼？

Human creativity is nature manifest in us.

人類的創意就是大自然 在我們體內呈現出來的形式。

We look at the, oh ...

我們在看，喔……

the aurora borealis. Right?

北極光，對吧？

I did this movie called "White Fang" when I was a kid,

我小時候演出電影《雪地黃金犬》，

我們在阿拉斯加拍攝， 晚上走到外面，

and we shot up in Alaska,

and you go out at night

天空蕩漾著紫色、 粉紅色、白色的漣漪，

and the sky was like rippling with purple and pink and white,

and it's the most beautiful thing I ever saw.

那是我見過最美麗的東西。

It really looked like the sky was playing.

彷彿天空在玩耍，美極了。

Beautiful.

日落時分的大峽谷，非常美。

You go to Grand Canyon at sundown.

It's beautiful.

We know that's beautiful.

我們知道那很美。

但墮入愛河呢？

But fall in love?

Your lover's pretty beautiful.

你的愛人相當美。

I have four kids.

我有四個孩子。

Watching them play?

看他們玩耍，

Watching them pretend to be a butterfly

看他們假扮成蝴蝶，

or run around the house and doing anything,

或在房子旁跑來跑去，做任何事，

it's so beautiful.

那相當美。

And I believe that we are here on this star in space

我相信我們存在於 太空中的這顆行星上，

to try to help one another. Right?

是要來幫助彼此的，對吧？

And first we have to survive,

首先，我們要生存，

and then we have to thrive.

接著我們要茁壯成長。

And to thrive, to express ourselves,

要茁壯成長，要表達我們自己，

alright, well, here's the rub: we have to know ourselves.

問題是：我們需要認識自己。

What do you love?

你喜愛什麼？

And if you get close to what you love,

如果你能接近你所愛的，

who you are is revealed to you,

便能揭示出「你是誰」，

and it expands.

且會再擴張出去。

For me, it was really easy.

對我來說，這非常容易。

I did my first professional play. I was 12 years old.

我十二歲時就第一次 參與職業戲劇演出。

I was in a play called "Saint Joan" by George Bernard Shaw

我演出的戲劇是 蕭伯納的《聖女貞德》，

at the McCarter Theatre,

地點在麥卡特劇院，

and -- boom! -- I was in love.

然後——砰！——我戀愛了。

My world just expanded.

我的世界開始擴展。

And that profession -- I'm almost 50 now --

那職業——

我快五十歲了——

that profession has never stopped giving back to me,

那職業未曾停止回饋給我，

and it gives back more and more,

且回饋的越來越多，

mostly, strangely,

奇怪的是，

大部分都是透過 我演出的角色來回饋。

through the characters that I've played.

I've played cops, I've played criminals,

我演過警察，演過罪犯，

I've played priests, I've played sinners,

我演過牧師，演過罪人。

and the magic of this over a lifetime, over 30 years of doing this,

這一生，這三十多年的魔法，

is that you start to see that my experiences,

在於你會開始了解，

我的經歷，我，伊森， 並沒有我想像的那麼獨特。

me, Ethan, is not nearly as unique

as I thought.

I have so much in common with all these people.

我和這些人有好多共同點，

And so they have something in common with me.

他們都和我有某些共同點，

You start to see how connected we all are.

於是開始意識到 我們全都連結在一起。

My great-grandmother, Della Hall Walker Green,

我的曾祖母，戴拉·霍爾·沃克·葛林，

on her deathbed,

臨終前，

she wrote this little biography in the hospital,

在醫院中寫下了一本小自傳，

and it was only about 36 pages long,

長度大概只有三十六頁，

and she spent about five pages

她花了大約五頁描寫

on the one time she did costumes for a play.

有次她為一齣戲劇製作戲服的經歷。

Her first husband got, like, a paragraph.

她首任丈夫的篇幅才一段而已，

Cotton farming, of which she did for 50 years, gets a mention.

她種棉花種了五十年 只稍微提到而已，

Five pages on doing these costumes.

卻有五頁關於製作戲服。

And I look -- my mom gave me one of her quilts that she made,

而我看——我媽媽給了我 一條曾祖母做的被子，

and you can feel it.

能感覺得到，她在表達自己，

She was expressing herself,

and it has a power that's real.

那有一種真實的力量。

I remember my stepbrother and I went to go see "Top Gun,"

我記得和我的繼兄弟 去看《捍衛戰士》，

whatever year that came out.

在上映的那一年。

And I remember we walked out of the mall, it was, like, blazing hot,

我記得我們走出購物中心時， 外面非常熱，我看著他，

I just looked at him,

and we both felt that movie just like a calling from God.

我們都覺得那部電影 就像是神的呼召。

You know? Just ...

你知道嗎？就是……

But completely differently.

但又完全不同。

Like, I wanted to be an actor.

我想要成為演員，

想要創造讓人有感的東西， 我就是想要參與。

I was like, I've got to make something that makes people feel.

I just want to be a part of that.

而他想從軍。

And he wanted to be in the military.

我們那時玩的就是扮演 聯邦調查局、軍人、騎士，

That's all we ever did was play FBI, play army man,

play knights, you know, and I'd like, pose with my sword,

我拿著劍擺姿勢，

and he would build a working crossbow

而他打造能用的十字弓，

that you could shoot an arrow into a tree.

朝樹木射箭。

所以，他從軍了。

So he joins the army.

Well, he just retired a colonel in the Green Berets.

他才剛從特種部隊 以上校的身分退役，

He's a multidecorated combat veteran of Afghanistan and Iraq.

是個得過許多勛章的退伍軍人， 參與過阿富汗和伊拉克的實戰，

He now teaches a sail camp for children of fallen soldiers.

現在執教於為陣亡將士子弟 所辦的航海營。

He gave his life to his passion.

他把一生都獻給他的熱情。

His creativity was leadership,

他的創造力是領導能力，

leading others,

領導他人，以他的勇氣去幫助他人。

his bravery, to help others.

That was something he felt called to do,

他覺得那是他的天職，

and it gave back to him.

這份工作也回饋給他。

We know this -- the time of our life is so short,

我們都知道——人生很短，

and how we spend it --

我們要如何運用它——

are we spending it doing what's important to us?

我們有把它花在 對我們重要的地方嗎？

Most of us not.

大部分人並沒有。

I mean, it's hard.

我的意思是，那很難。

The pull of habit is so huge,

習慣的拉力非常大，

and that's what makes kids so beautifully creative,

那就是為什麼孩子相當有創造力，

is that they don't have any habits,

因為他們尚未建立任何習慣，

and they don't care if they're any good or not, right?

他們也不在意自己做得好不好。

They're not building a sandcastle going,

他們在堆沙堡時並不會說：

"I think I'm going to be a really good sandcastle builder."

「我認為我將來會成為 很棒的沙堡建造者。」

They just throw themselves at whatever project you put in front of them --

他們就只是單純投入到 面前的事情當中——

dancing, doing a painting,

舞蹈、繪畫、

building something:

建造某樣東西：

any opportunity they have,

只要他們有機會，

they try to use it to impress upon you their individuality.

他們的個體性就會讓你印象深刻。

It's so beautiful.

那很美。

It's a thing that worries me sometimes whenever you talk about creativity,

每當談到創造力時， 我有時會擔心這一點，

because it can have this kind of feel that it's just nice,

因為它會有一種很好的感覺，

you know, or it's warm or it's something pleasant.

讓人覺得很溫暖或很愉悅。

It's not.

其實不然。

It's vital.

它生氣勃勃，

It's the way we heal each other.

是我們療癒彼此的方式。

In singing our song,

藉由唱出我們的歌，

in telling our story,

說出我們的故事，

in inviting you to say,

邀請你，說：

"Hey, listen to me, and I'll listen to you,"

「嘿，聽我說，我也會聽你說」，

we're starting a dialogue.

此時我們才開啟了對話。

And when you do that, this healing happens,

你這麼做，療癒就開始了。

and we come out of our corners,

我們會離開自己的角落，

and we start to witness each other's common humanity.

開始見證彼此共同的人性，

We start to assert it.

開始維護它。

And when we do that, really good things happen.

當我們這麼做時，好事就會發生。

So, if you want to help your community, if you want to help your family,

因此，如果你想要協助 你的族群、家人、朋友，

if you want to help your friends,

你就得表達自己。

you have to express yourself.

And to express yourself, you have to know yourself.

若要表達自己，就得認識自己。

It's actually super easy.

那其實超級簡單，

You just have to follow your love.

你只要追隨所愛。

There is no path.

面前沒有道路存在。

There's no path till you walk it,

你得要開始走，才會有路，

and you have to be willing to play the fool.

而你必須願意扮傻子。

So don't read the book that you should read,

別去讀你「該」讀的書，

read the book you want to read.

去讀你「要」讀的書。

Don't listen to the music that you used to like.

別聽你曾喜歡的音樂，

Take some time to listen to some new music.

花點時間聽一些新的音樂。

Take some time to talk to somebody that you don't normally talk to.

花點時間，和你平常 不互動的人交談。

I guarantee, if you do that,

我保證，如果你這麼做，

you will feel foolish.

你會覺得很蠢。

That's the point.

那就是重點。

Play the fool.

扮演傻子。

(Plays guitar)

（彈吉他）

(Sings) Well, I want to go Austin, and I wanna stay home.

（唱歌）我想要去奧斯汀， 我想要待在家。

Invite our friends over but still be alone.

邀請我們的朋友過來， 但仍然孤獨一人。

Live for danger.

為了危險而活。

Play it cool.

冷靜面對。

Have everyone respect me for being a fool.

讓大家都尊敬我扮演傻子。