Daniele Quercia: Happy maps

翻译人员: Peipei Xiang 校对人员: Jian Zhipeng

I have a confession to make.

我要先进行自我忏悔。

As a scientist and engineer, I've focused on efficiency for many years.

作为一名科学家和工程师， 多年来我一直专注效率。

But efficiency can be a cult,

但是效率可能会成为一种桎梏，

and today I'd like to tell you about a journey

今天我想要告诉大家一段旅程，

that moved me out of the cult and back to a far richer reality.

它使我走出桎梏重回多彩人生。

A few years ago, after finishing my Ph.D. in London, I moved to Boston.

几年前，我在伦敦完成了博士学业后 搬到了波士顿。

I lived in Boston and worked in Cambridge.

我住在波士顿，工作在剑桥。

I bought a racing bicycle that summer,

那年夏天，我买了一辆竞速自行车，

and I bicycled every day to work.

我每天骑着它上班。

To find my way, I used my phone.

我用手机导航，

It sent me over Mass. Ave., Massachusetts Avenue,

它让我走马萨诸塞大道，

the shortest route from Boston to Cambridge.

那是从波士顿到剑桥最短的一段路。

But after a month

但在是交通拥挤的马萨诸塞大道

that I was cycling every day on the car-packed Mass. Ave.,

骑行了一个月后，

I took a different route one day.

有一天我走了一条不一样的路。

I'm not entirely sure why I took a different route that day, a detour.

我不记得为什么我当时 选择了不一样的路，绕了一下，

I just remember a feeling of surprise;

只记得那种惊喜的感觉，

surprise at finding a street with no cars,

惊喜于发现了一条没有汽车驶过的道路，

as opposed to the nearby Mass. Ave. full of cars;

与挤满车辆的马萨诸塞大道 形成了鲜明的对比；

surprise at finding a street draped by leaves and surrounded by trees.

惊喜于发现了一条被树叶覆盖被绿树环绕的路。

But after the feeling of surprise, I felt shame.

但是这种惊喜之后，我感到了羞愧。

How could I have been so blind?

我以前怎么就没发现？

For an entire month,

整整一个月，

I was so trapped in my mobile app

我受制于手机导航，

that a journey to work became one thing only:

每天去工作的路程只意味着一件事：

the shortest path.

最短路线。

In this single journey, there was no thought

在这段路途中，

我从来没有过任何享受旅途的想法，

of enjoying the road,

no pleasure in connecting with nature,

没有心情体会大自然，

no possibility of looking people in the eyes.

没有机会向路上的行人示意，

And why?

为什么会这样？

Because I was saving a minute out of my commute.

因为我为了节约一分钟的通勤时间。

Now let me ask you: Am I alone here?

那么现在我问你们： 这样做的只有我一个人吗？

How many of you have never used a mapping app for finding directions?

你们中有多少人从来没用过手机地图导航？

Most of you, if not all, have.

大多数用过。

And don't get me wrong -- mapping apps are the greatest game-changer

请不要误会， 地图软件使我们的生活便利许多，

for encouraging people to explore the city.

它鼓励人们去发现你所在的城市。

You take your phone out and you know immediately where to go.

你带上你的手机，你就知道往哪里走。

However, the app also assumes

但是，地图软件假设

there are only a handful of directions to the destination.

到达目的地只有那几种途径，

It has the power to make those handful of directions

它把那有限的几种途径

the definitive direction to that destination.

作为到达目的地的终极途径来呈现。

After that experience, I changed.

在那次无意的经历之后， 我变了。

I changed my research from traditional data-mining

我将我的研究方向从传统的数据挖掘

to understanding how people experience the city.

转向了了解人们如何体验所在的城市。

I used computer science tools

我使用电脑技术

to replicate social science experiments at scale, at web scale.

在网络上进行大规模的社会科学实验。

I became captivated by the beauty and genius

我被传统的社科研究的 美与精妙深深吸引了，

of traditional social science experiments

done by Jane Jacobs, Stanley Milgram, Kevin Lynch.

那些 Jane Jacob，Stanley Milgram 和 Kevin Lynch 做的研究。

The result of that research has been the creation of new maps,

研究的结果促成了 一个新的地图软件的开发，

maps where you don't only find the shortest path, the blue one,

一个你不仅能找到最短路程—— 以蓝色标记，

but also the most enjoyable path,

而且能找到最享受的路程的地图——

the red one.

以红色标记。

How was that possible?

这是如何实现的？

Einstein once said,

爱因斯坦曾经说过：

"Logic will get you from A to B.

“逻辑思维可以带你从A走到B，

Imagination will take you everywhere."

想象力可以带你去任何地方。”

So with a bit of imagination,

所以，依靠一点点想象力，

we needed to understand

我们需要知道

which parts of the city people find beautiful.

人们觉得这个城市的哪些地方是美的。

At the University of Cambridge, with colleagues,

在剑桥大学，我跟我的同事们一起

we thought about this simple experiment.

想到了一个简单的实验。

If I were to show you these two urban scenes,

如果我现在向你展示两张城市风光的图片，

and I were to ask you which one is more beautiful,

然后我问你，你觉得哪一张更美，

which one would you say?

你会怎么说？

Don't be shy.

不要害羞。

Who says A? Who says B?

谁觉得是第一张，谁觉得是第二张？

Brilliant.

很好。

Based on that idea,

根据这个想法，

we built a crowdsourcing platform,

我们做了一个众包平台，

a web game.

一个网络游戏。

Players are shown pairs of urban scenes,

我们展示两张城市景色图片给玩家，

and they're asked to choose which one is more beautiful, quiet and happy.

让他们选择哪一张的景色 更漂亮，静谧，令人愉悦。

Based on thousands of user votes,

依据成千上万的用户的选择，

then we are able to see where consensus emerges.

我们能找出那些被大众一致选择的图片，

We are able to see which are the urban scenes

我们能看到哪些城市美景

that make people happy.

令人愉悦。

After that work, I joined Yahoo Labs,

这之后，我加入了雅虎实验室，

and I teamed up with Luca and Rossano,

我和 Luca 以及 Rossano 组成一个团队，

and together, we aggregated those winning locations in London

我们一起汇总了那些伦敦的胜出地点

to build a new map of the city,

并制作了全新的城市地图，

a cartography weighted for human emotions.

充满了人类情感的地图。

On this cartography, you're not only able to see and connect

在这个地图上，你不仅能够看到

from point A to point B the shortest segments,

A到B的最短路程，

but you're also able to see the happy segment,

你还可以看到快乐的路程，

the beautiful path, the quiet path.

漂亮的路程，静谧的路程。

In tests, participants found the happy, the beautiful, the quiet path

在实验中，参与者更加喜欢 快乐的、漂亮的、静谧的路程，

far more enjoyable than the shortest one,

而非最短的路程，

and that just by adding a few minutes to travel time.

而前者只增加了几分钟的路程。

Participants also love to attach memories to places.

参与者也喜欢把风景贴上记忆的标签，

Shared memories -- that's where the old BBC building was;

集体记忆—— 比如，这是 BBC 曾经的办公室，

and personal memories -- that's where I gave my first kiss.

个人记忆—— 比如，这是我的初吻发生的地方，

They also recalled how some paths smelled and sounded.

他们还回忆起某条路的气息和声音。

So what if we had a mapping tool

如果我们有这样一个制图工具——

that would return the most enjoyable routes

在挑选最让人享受的路程时，

based not only on aesthetics

它不仅会考虑风景，

but also based on smell, sound, and memories?

还考虑气息，声音和记忆，会怎样？

That's where our research is going right now.

这是我们目前研究的东西。

More generally, my research,

总的来说，我的研究

what it tries to do is avoid the danger of the single path,

试图做的就是避免单一路程的危险，

to avoid robbing people of fully experiencing the city in which they live.

避免剥夺人们充分享受 他们所居住的城市的权利。

Walk the path through the park, not through the car park,

穿过公园，而非停车场，

and you have an entirely different path.

你会有全然不同的路程。

Walk the path full of people you love

走那条充满了你所爱的人的道路，

and not full of cars,

而非被汽车占据的道路，

and you have an entirely different path.

你会有全然不同的路程。

It's that simple.

就这么简单。

I would like to end with this thought:

我想以下面这个想法来结尾：

do you remember "The Truman Show?"

你记得电影《楚门的世界》吗？

It's a media satire in which a real person

这是一部嘲讽媒体的电影，

其主角不知道 他生活在一个虚假的世界里。

doesn't know he's living in a fabricated world.

Perhaps we live in a world fabricated for efficiency.

也许我们生活在一个 为效率而生的虚假的世界里。

Look at some of your daily habits,

看看你平常的生活习惯，

and as Truman did in the movie, escape the fabricated world.

电影中楚门逃离了那个虚假的世界，

Why?

为什么？

Well, if you think that adventure is dangerous, try routine. It's deadly.

如果你觉得冒险很危险， 试试平庸吧，那可是致命的。

Thank you.

谢谢！

(Applause)

（鼓掌）