Lisa Kristine: Photos that bear witness to modern slavery

Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast

翻译人员: Michelle sha 校对人员: Karen SONG

I'm 150 feet down an illegal mine shaft in Ghana.

我在加纳地下50米深的一个非法矿井里

The air is thick with heat and dust,

空气污浊闷热，充斥着尘土

and it's hard to breathe.

让人很难呼吸

I can feel the brush of sweaty bodies passing me

我可以感觉到来来往往大汗淋漓的人们从我身边擦过

in the darkness, but I can't see much else.

但是在一片黑暗中，我也看不见什么其他的东西了

I hear voices talking, but mostly the shaft

我听到周围有人说话的声音

is this cacophony of men coughing,

但更多是咳嗽声

and stone being broken with primitive tools.

混杂着用简陋工具砸碎石头的噪音

Like the others, I wear a flickering, cheap flashlight

跟其他人一样，我头上顶着一个时亮时灭的廉价探照灯

tied to my head with this elastic, tattered band,

用一条破烂的皮筋绑在脖子上

and I can barely make out the slick tree limbs

我勉强摸到墙上光溜溜的树枝扶手

holding up the walls of the three-foot square hole

它们支撑着这个一米见方

dropping hundreds of feet into the earth.

深上百米的井筒

When my hand slips, I suddenly remember a miner

我的手滑了一下，立即想到数天前碰到的一名矿工

I had met days before who had lost his grip

他一手抓空

and fell countless feet down that shaft.

就掉下了无底深井

As I stand talking to you today,

当我今天站在这里跟你们演讲的时候

these men are still deep in that hole,

这些矿工们还在这样的矿井里

risking their lives without payment or compensation,

冒着生命危险干活,没有工资,没有补贴

and often dying.

还经常丢命

I got to climb out of that hole, and I got to go home,

我最后爬出了矿井得以回家

but they likely never will, because they're trapped in slavery.

而这些被奴役的矿工可能永远没有回家的那一天

For the last 28 years, I've been documenting

在过去的28年里我一直在拍摄本土文化的纪录片

indigenous cultures in more than 70 countries

走访了6大洲70多个国家

on six continents, and in 2009 I had the great honor

而在2009年，我非常荣幸地

of being the sole exhibitor at the Vancouver Peace Summit.

能以独立参展商的身份出席了温哥华和平峰会

Amongst all the astonishing people I met there,

在那里我遇到了很多令人倾佩的人

I met a supporter of Free the Slaves, an NGO

我认识了一位Free the Slaves 非政府组织的支持者

dedicated to eradicating modern day slavery.

这个组织致力于根除现代社会的奴役现象

We started talking about slavery, and really,

我们聊起了奴隶制度

I started learning about slavery,

而此时我才开始真正了解奴役的现实

for I had certainly known it existed in the world,

虽然我一直都知道世上奴隶制尚存

but not to such a degree.

但完全不知道事态的严重性

After we finished talking, I felt so horrible

在我们的谈话结束后，我感觉非常的糟糕

and honestly ashamed at my own lack of knowledge

并且为自己对这样残暴的现象缺乏认知

of this atrocity in my own lifetime, and I thought,

感觉到惭愧

if I don't know, how many other people don't know?

我不知道，还有多少人也一样不知道？

It started burning a hole in my stomach, so within weeks,

这个想法让我坐立难安

I flew down to Los Angeles to meet with the director

几周后我就飞去了洛杉矶

of Free the Slaves and offer them my help.

去见Free The Slaves组织的负责人，想要有所作为

Thus began my journey into modern day slavery.

由此开始了我深入现代奴隶制度的旅程

Oddly, I had been to many of these places before.

奇怪的是，那些地方我都去过

Some I even considered like my second home.

有的我还把他们当成是我的第二故乡

But this time, I would see the skeletons hidden in the closet.

但是这一次，我要去挖掘那些见不得光的秘密

A conservative estimate tells us there are more than

据保守估计

27 million people enslaved in the world today.

当今全世界有超过2700万人被奴役

That's double the amount of people taken from Africa

这个数字是在跨大西洋奴隶贸易中

during the entire trans-Atlantic slave trade.

从非洲被贩卖的黑奴总数的两倍

A hundred and fifty years ago, an agricultural slave

150年前，一个农奴的价格

cost about three times the annual salary

抵得上美国一名普通工人

of an American worker.

年薪的三倍

That equates to about $50,000 in today's money.

相当于今天的5万美金

Yet today, entire families can be enslaved for generations

但是在今天，一整个家庭被世代奴役的代价

over a debt as small as $18.

可能就只有18美金的欠债

Astonishingly, slavery generates profits

让人震惊的是，奴隶在全球产生的利润

of more than $13 billion worldwide each year.

每年超过130亿美金

Many have been tricked by false promises

他们当中很多人都是被虚假承诺所骗

of a good education, a better job, only to find

轻信所谓好的教育机会、好的工作机会

that they're forced to work without pay

而被迫无偿工作

under the threat of violence, and they cannot walk away.

经受暴力威胁，并且无法逃脱

Today's slavery is about commerce,

今天的奴隶制度关乎商业利益

so the goods that enslaved people produce have value,

奴隶制造的商品具有价值

but the people producing them are disposable.

但是创造价值的人却是被随意处置的

Slavery exists everywhere, nearly, in the world,

奴隶制度存在于世上的几乎每一个角落

and yet it is illegal everywhere in the world.

即使它无论在何处都是违法的

In India and Nepal, I was introduced to the brick kilns.

在印度和尼泊尔，我被带到砖窑里

This strange and awesome sight was like

那里的景象极其怪异

walking into ancient Egypt or Dante's Inferno.

感觉就像走进了古埃及或者但丁描述的地狱

Enveloped in temperatures of 130 degrees,

在50多摄氏度的高温中

men, women, children, entire families in fact,

男人，女人，小孩，事实上是一整个家庭

were cloaked in a heavy blanket of dust,

在厚厚的灰尘笼罩下

while mechanically stacking bricks on their head,

机械地把砖块往自己的头顶上垒

up to 18 at a time, and carrying them

每次叠上18块

from the scorching kilns to trucks hundreds of yards away.

然后搬运到离砖窑几百米远的卡车上

Deadened by monotony and exhaustion,

单调和疲惫消磨着他们

they work silently, doing this task over and over

他们安静着劳动着，一遍又一遍的干着同样的活

for 16 or 17 hours a day.

一天16到17个小时

There were no breaks for food, no water breaks,

中途不能休息，不能吃饭，不能喝水

and the severe dehydration made urinating

由于极度的缺水

pretty much inconsequential.

他们基本上也不需要上厕所

So pervasive was the heat and the dust

由于那里面的闷热和尘土

that my camera became too hot to even touch

我的相机烫得没法拿

and ceased working.

也无法运转

Every 20 minutes, I'd have to run back to our cruiser

每20分钟，我就必须跑回车上

to clean out my gear and run it under an air conditioner

清理我的设备，让它在空调底下吹着冷气

to revive it, and as I sat there,

它才能重新启动

I thought, my camera is getting far better treatment

我坐在车上想，就连摄像机受到的待遇

than these people.

都比这些活生生的人要好得多

Back in the kilns, I wanted to cry,

回到窑内，我忍不住想哭

but the abolitionist next to me quickly grabbed me

但是身旁的废奴主义同伴迅速地拉住了我

and he said, "Lisa, don't do that. Just don't do that here."

他说：“Lisa 别哭，别在这里哭”

And he very clearly explained to me that emotional displays

然后他跟我解释到

are very dangerous in a place like this,

在这样的地方抒发自己的情绪是很危险的

not just for me, but for them.

不仅对我而言危险，对这些工人们也是

I couldn't offer them any direct help.

我没有办法给他们提供任何直接的帮助

I couldn't give them money, nothing.

我不能给他们钱，我什么也给不了

I wasn't a citizen of that country.

我不是那个国家的公民

I could get them in a worse situation

我的行为很有可能

than they were already in.

会让他们的境遇比现在更糟

I'd have to rely on Free the Slaves to work

我只能指望Free the Slaves组织能够在体系内发挥作用

within the system for their liberation,

解放他们

and I trusted that they would.

我相信他们可以做到

As for me, I'd have to wait until I got home

就我来说，我必须等回到家以后

to really feel my heartbreak.

才能去品尝这份心痛

In the Himalayas, I found children carrying stone

在喜马拉雅，我见到了做苦力的小孩

for miles down mountainous terrain

背着石头走上几公里的山路

to trucks waiting at roads below.

到路边等着的卡车旁

The big sheets of slate were heavier

那些大石板

than the children carrying them,

比搬运石板的孩子还要重

and the kids hoisted them from their heads

孩子们用树枝，绳子，破烂的衣服制成背带

using these handmade harnesses of sticks and rope

把石板

and torn cloth.

绑在自己身上

It's difficult to witness something so overwhelming.

目睹这样沉甸甸的场景是一件极其痛苦的事

How can we affect something so insidious,

我们怎么才能干预这些隐藏于舆论之外

yet so pervasive?

但却堪称普遍的恶事？

Some don't even know they're enslaved,

一些人甚至都不认为他们在被人奴役

people working 16, 17 hours a day without any pay,

每天工作十六七个小时 得不到半点酬劳

because this has been the case all their lives.

因为他们生来就过着这样的日子

They have nothing to compare it to.

没有任何比较

When these villagers claimed their freedom,

如果这些人要为自己争取自由

the slaveholders burned down all of their houses.

奴隶主就烧掉他们所有的房子

I mean, these people had nothing,

这些人一无所有

and they were so petrified, they wanted to give up,

他们吓坏了，他们想要放弃

but the woman in the center rallied for them to persevere,

但是照片中间这位女士团结众人坚持到底

and abolitionists on the ground

在当地的废奴主义者

helped them get a quarry lease of their own,

帮助他们争取采石场的租约

so that now they do the same back-breaking work,

这样，他们继续干着同样的重活

but they do it for themselves, and they get paid for it,

但现在是为自己而干，能拿到酬劳

and they do it in freedom.

他们拥有了自由

Sex trafficking is what we often think of

非法性交易

when we hear the word slavery,

是我们在听到奴役时最常联想到的

and because of this worldwide awareness,

因为全球皆知

I was warned that it would be difficult for me to work safely

我曾被警告说，若我坚持拍摄这个行业

within this particular industry.

人身安全将难以得到保障

In Kathmandu, I was escorted by women who had

在加德满都

previously been sex slaves themselves.

我由一些从前是性奴的女人随护

They ushered me down a narrow set of stairs

她们带着我走下一段段狭窄的楼梯

that led to this dirty, dimly fluorescent lit basement.

到了一个肮脏昏暗的地下室

This wasn't a brothel, per se.

这里本身不是一间妓院

It was more like a restaurant.

它更像是间餐厅

Cabin restaurants, as they're known in the trade,

包厢餐厅在业内被人熟知

are venues for forced prostitution.

是强迫卖淫的场所

Each has small, private rooms, where the slaves,

一个个小隔间里，性奴们

women, along with young girls and boys,

女人和小孩

some as young as seven years old,

有些只有七岁大

are forced to entertain the clients,

被迫取悦客户

encouraging them to buy more food and alcohol.

好让他们消费更多的食物和酒

Each cubicle is dark and dingy,

每个小隔间都很暗很脏

identified with a painted number on the wall,

墙上画着号码

and partitioned by plywood and a curtain.

由三夹板和窗帘隔开

The workers here often endure tragic sexual abuse

在这里工作的人

at the hands of their customers.

通常都要忍受客人们残忍的性虐待

Standing in the near darkness, I remember feeling

记得当时站在几乎是一片黑暗当中

this quick, hot fear, and in that instant,

我刹那间感到一阵强烈的恐惧

I could only imagine what it must be like

那一刻我在想

to be trapped in that hell.

被困在这个地狱里是多么的恐怖

I had only one way out: the stairs from where I'd come in.

这里只有一个出口：就是我来时走过的楼梯

There were no back doors.

没有后门

There were no windows large enough to climb through.

没有能过人的窗户

These people have no escape at all,

这些人完全无法逃跑

and as we take in such a difficult subject,

当我们面对如此艰难的课题

it's important to note that slavery, including sex trafficking,

重要的是要知道奴役，包括非法性交易

occurs in our own backyard as well.

在我们的后院里同样存在

Tens of hundreds of people are enslaved in agriculture,

几千人成为农奴

in restaurants, in domestic servitude,

餐馆奴工、家庭奴工

and the list can go on.

还不止这些

Recently, the New York Times reported that

最近，纽约时报报道

between 100,000 and 300,000 American children

美国每年有10万到30万小孩

are sold into sex slavery every year.

被买卖成为性奴

It's all around us. We just don't see it.

这些事就发生在我们身边，我们只是不知道罢了

The textile industry is another one we often think of

纺织业

when we hear about slave labor.

也是我们听到奴役劳动时经常联想到的

I visited villages in India where entire families were enslaved

我在印度拜访过一个村子

in the silk trade.

全家人都是丝绸贸易的奴隶

This is a family portrait.

这是一家人的“肖像”

The dyed black hands are the father, while the blue

那双被染黑了的手属于这家的父亲

and red hands are his sons.

蓝色和红色的手属于两个儿子

They mix dye in these big barrels,

他们在大桶里搅拌燃料

and they submerge the silk into the liquid up to their elbows,

然后把丝绸深深地浸进去，直到染料淹到手肘

but the dye is toxic.

这些染料都是有毒的

My interpreter told me their stories.

翻译告诉我他们的故事

"We have no freedom," they said.

“我们没有自由”，他们说道

"We hope still, though, that we could leave this house

“可我们还是希望，哪天可以逃离这个屋子

someday and go someplace else

去其他的地方

where we actually get paid for our dyeing."

在那里工作能拿到报酬”

It's estimated that more than 4,000 children

据估计，有超过4000名儿童

are enslaved on Lake Volta,

在沃尔特湖水库被奴役

the largest man-made lake in the world.

那里是世界上最大的人工湖

When we first arrived, I went to have a quick look.

我们一到那里，我就去看了个大概

I saw what seemed to be a family fishing on a boat,

我看到似乎是一家人在船上捕鱼

two older brothers, some younger kids, makes sense right?

两个哥哥，几个小点的孩子，挺像的吧？

Wrong. They were all enslaved.

错！他们都是奴隶

Children are taken from their families

孩子们从家里被带出来

and trafficked and vanished,

被贩卖

and they're forced to work endless hours on these boats

被迫在船上无休止的工作

on the lake, even though they do not know how to swim.

他们在湖上工作，甚至还不会游泳

This young child is eight years old.

这个小男孩8岁大

He was trembling when our boat approached,

当我们的船靠近的时候 他在发抖

frightened it would run over his tiny canoe.

他怕我们的船会撞上上他的独木舟

He was petrified he would be knocked in the water.

他很害怕会掉到水里

The skeletal tree limbs submerged in Lake Volta

湖面下浸着些树的枝干

often catch the fishing nets, and weary,

经常会挂住渔网

frightened children are thrown into the water

这些疲惫、害怕的孩子们就被扔到水中

to untether the lines.

去解开渔网

Many of them drown.

很多人都淹死了

For as long as he can recall, he's been forced to work

从他记事开始，

on the lake.

就被迫在湖上工作

Terrified of his master, he will not run away,

他非常害怕主人，不敢逃跑

and since he's been treated with cruelty all his life,

由于他从小就被残酷对待

he passes that down to the younger slaves

他也用同样的方法

that he manages.

对待比他小的奴隶

I met these boys at five in the morning,

我在早上五点时看到这些男孩子们

when they were hauling in the last of their nets,

在收最后一个渔网

but they had been working since 1 a.m.

可他们从凌晨1点就开始工作了

in the cold, windy night.

在这样寒冷，刮风的晚上

And it's important to note that these nets weigh

要知道这些渔网装满鱼的时候

more than a thousand pounds when they're full of fish.

重量有上千斤啊！

I want to introduce you to Kofi.

我要介绍你们认识Kofi

Kofi was rescued from a fishing village.

他从一个渔村被解救出来

I met him at a shelter where Free the Slaves

见到他是在一个收容所里

rehabilitates victims of slavery.

Free the Slaves组织用于复元奴役受害者的一个地方

Here he's seen taking a bath at the well,

照片上他正在井边洗澡

pouring big buckets of water over his head,

把一桶桶水往头上倒

and the wonderful news is,

好消息是

as you and I are sitting here talking today,

此时此刻

Kofi has been reunited with his family,

Kofi 已经和家人团聚了

and what's even better, his family has been given tools

更让人欣喜的是，他们一家已能够自己谋生

to make a living and to keep their children safe.

并确保孩子们的安全

Kofi is the embodiment of possibility.

Kofi 身上体现了一种可能性

Who will he become because someone took a stand

正因为有人表明了立场，影响了他的人生

and made a difference in his life?

他的未来才可能有所改变

Driving down a road in Ghana

开车行驶在加纳的一条路上

with partners of Free the Slaves,

与Free the Slaves的伙伴一起

a fellow abolitionist on a moped suddenly sped up

一个骑着电单车的同行人突然加速

to our cruiser and tapped on the window.

靠近我们的车，敲着车窗

He told us to follow him down a dirt road into the jungle.

他让我们跟他改走一条土路通向丛林

At the end of the road, he urged us out of the car,

在路的尽头，他催促我们下车

and told the driver to quickly leave.

让司机赶紧走

Then he pointed toward this barely visible footpath,

然后他指着地上一排很不明显的脚印说

and said, "This is the path, this is the path. Go."

“就是这里，就是这条路。走！”

As we started down the path, we pushed aside the vines

我们拨开挡路的藤蔓

blocking the way, and after about an hour of walking in,

徒步走了约一个小时

found that the trail had become flooded by recent rains,

小径被近期的雨水淹没了

so I hoisted the photo gear above my head

我把拍摄器材举过头顶

as we descended into these waters up to my chest.

趟着齐胸口深的水继续走

After another two hours of hiking, the winding trail

又走了两个小时

abruptly ended at a clearing, and before us

蜿蜒的小径戛然而止

was a mass of holes

我们面前的空地上出现了一大片坑洞

that could fit into the size of a football field,

每个都有一个橄榄球场那么大

and all of them were full of enslaved people laboring.

每个坑洞里都有奴隶在工作

Many women had children strapped to their backs

很多妇女还背着自己的小孩

while they were panning for gold,

他们在淘金

wading in water poisoned by mercury.

在被汞污染的脏水里行走

Mercury is used in the extraction process.

汞是用来提取金子的

These miners are enslaved in a mine shaft

这些人被奴役

in another part of Ghana.

在加纳的另一处矿井里

When they came out of the shaft, they were soaking wet

当她们走出矿井时

from their own sweat.

全身汗湿

I remember looking into their tired, bloodshot eyes,

我记得他们布满红血丝的眼睛里充满疲惫

for many of them had been underground for 72 hours.

其中很多人已在井下工作72个小时

The shafts are up to 300 feet deep, and they carry out

这些井有差不多有90多米深

heavy bags of stone that later will be transported

他们抬出来装满重石的袋子

to another area, where the stone will be pounded

这些石头被运送到另外一个区域被捣碎

so that they can extract the gold.

以便提取金子

At first glance, the pounding site seems full

乍看之下，砸石场的男人个个健壮

of powerful men, but when we look closer,

但我们凑近了却发现

we see some less fortunate working on the fringes,

一些在边缘地带的工人身有残疾

and children too.

还有一些小孩

All of them are victim to injury, illness and violence.

他们都是伤病暴力的受害者

In fact, it's very likely that this muscular person

事实上，这些肌肉强健的男人

will end up like this one here, racked with tuberculosis

若干年后很有可能会跟这个人一样

and mercury poisoning in just a few years.

被汞中毒和肺结核苦苦折磨

This is Manuru. When his father died,

这是Manuru。当他父亲死的时候

his uncle trafficked him to work with him in the mines.

他的叔叔把他卖到自己在工作的这个矿场

When his uncle died, Manuru inherited his uncle's debt,

在他叔叔死后，Manuru要继续背负他叔叔的欠债

which further forced him into being enslaved in the mines.

他被迫继续在矿场工作

When I met him, he had been working in the mines

我见到他时，他已在矿场工作了14年

for 14 years, and the leg injury that you see here

照片中看到的这个腿伤

is actually from a mining accident,

是在一次凿矿意外中造成的

one so severe doctors say his leg should be amputated.

当时情况危急，医生说要截肢

On top of that, Manuru has tuberculosis,

除了这个伤以外 他还患有肺结核

yet he's still forced to work day in and day out

即使这样，他也必须每天

in that mine shaft.

在井下没日没夜的工作

Even still, he has a dream that he will become free

即使如此，他也梦想着能够重获自由

and become educated with the help of local activists

在Free the Slaves这样的组织帮助下

like Free the Slaves,

接受教育

and it's this sort of determination,

就是这样的信念

in the face of unimaginable odds,

面对令人难以想象的苦难

that fills me with complete awe.

让我充满敬畏

I want to shine a light on slavery.

我希望我们给这些被奴隶的人一道光

When I was working in the field,

当我在拍摄的途中

I brought lots of candles with me,

我带了很多蜡烛

and with the help of my interpreter,

在翻译的帮助下

I imparted to the people I was photographing

我把蜡烛分给了我的拍摄对象

that I wanted to illuminate their stories

我希望能点亮他们的故事

and their plight,

和他们的困境

so when it was safe for them, and safe for me,

当我们都安全的时候

I made these images.

我拍了这一系列的照片

They knew their image would be seen

他们知道这些影像

by you out in the world.

会被外面的人看见

I wanted them to know that we will be bearing witness

我想要让他们知道，我们将为他们作证

to them, and that we will do whatever we can

尽我们所能

to help make a difference in their lives.

让他们的人生有所改变

I truly believe, if we can see one another

我确实相信

as fellow human beings, then it becomes very difficult

当我们把他们当做同胞

to tolerate atrocities like slavery.

就会很难容忍奴役这样的暴行

These images are not of issues. They are of people,

这些影像非关于议题，而是关于人

real people, like you and me, all deserving

真实的人，和你我一样

of the same rights, dignity and respect

都值得在生命里

in their lives.

获得一样的权利、尊严和尊重

There is not a day that goes by that I don't think

我没有一天不想

of these many beautiful, mistreated people

这些美丽、但却受到不公正待遇的人们

I've had the tremendous honor of meeting.

这些我三生有幸能够遇见的人们

I hope that these images awaken a force

我希望这些影像

in those who view them, people like you,

能够在你们这样的观者心中唤起一股力量

and I hope that force will ignite a fire,

我希望这股力量的星星之火

and that fire will shine a light on slavery,

能够成为被奴役者的希望之光

for without that light, the beast of bondage

因为若没有这光亮

can continue to live in the shadows.

奴役之兽将继续活在阴影里

Thank you very much.

谢谢大家

(Applause)

（掌声）