Lisa Kristine: Photos that bear witness to modern slavery

302,775 views ใƒป 2012-09-28

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast
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ืžืชืจื’ื: Shlomo Adam ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:12
I'm 150 feet down an illegal mine shaft in Ghana.
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ืื ื™ ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืขื•ืžืง 50 ืžื˜ืจื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืคื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื›ืจื” ื‘ืœืชื™-ื—ื•ืงื™ ื‘ื’ืื ื”.
00:19
The air is thick with heat and dust,
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ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ืกืžื™ืš ืžื—ื•ื ื•ืื‘ืง,
00:23
and it's hard to breathe.
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ื•ืงืฉื” ืœื ืฉื•ื.
00:26
I can feel the brush of sweaty bodies passing me
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ืื ื™ ื—ืฉื” ื‘ืžื’ืข ื”ืจื’ืขื™ ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืคื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื–ืขื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืœืคื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืืคืœื”,
00:29
in the darkness, but I can't see much else.
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ืืš ืื™ื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืจืื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืš.
00:34
I hear voices talking, but mostly the shaft
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ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืžืขืช ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืžืฉื•ื—ื—ื™ื, ืืš ื”ืคื™ืจ ื”ื–ื”
00:38
is this cacophony of men coughing,
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ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžืœื ื‘ืงืงืคื•ื ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืฉืชืขืœื™ื,
00:42
and stone being broken with primitive tools.
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ื•ืฉืœ ื ื™ืคื•ืฅ ืกืœืขื™ื ื‘ื›ืœื™ื ืคืจื™ืžื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื.
00:46
Like the others, I wear a flickering, cheap flashlight
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ื›ืžื• ื›ื•ืœื, ื’ื ืื ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืฉืช ืคื ืก ื–ื•ืœ ื•ืžื”ื‘ื”ื‘
00:50
tied to my head with this elastic, tattered band,
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ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืจืืฉื™ ื‘ืจืฆื•ืขื” ืืœืกื˜ื™ืช ื•ืžืจื•ืคื˜ืช,
00:54
and I can barely make out the slick tree limbs
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ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ืจื•ืื” ืืช ืขื ืคื™ ื”ืขืฆื™ื ื”ื—ืœืงืœืงื™ื
00:58
holding up the walls of the three-foot square hole
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ืฉืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”, ืฉืจื™ื‘ื•ืขื• ืžื˜ืจ-ืขืœ-ืžื˜ืจ
01:01
dropping hundreds of feet into the earth.
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ื•ืฉืขื•ืžืงื• ืžืื•ืช ืžื˜ืจื™ื ื‘ืื“ืžื”.
01:05
When my hand slips, I suddenly remember a miner
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ื›ืฉื™ื“ื™ ืžื—ืœื™ืงื”, ืื ื™ ืœืคืชืข ื ื–ื›ืจืช ื‘ื›ื•ืจื” ืื—ื“
01:08
I had met days before who had lost his grip
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ืฉืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืžื” ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืืฉืจ ืื™ื‘ื“ ืืช ืื—ื™ื–ืชื•
01:13
and fell countless feet down that shaft.
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ื•ื ืคืœ ืœืชื”ื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืจ ื”ื–ื”.
01:17
As I stand talking to you today,
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ื‘ืจื’ืข ื–ื”, ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื›ืืŸ ื•ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืืœื™ื›ื,
01:20
these men are still deep in that hole,
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ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืขืžื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื•ืจ,
01:23
risking their lives without payment or compensation,
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ืžืกื›ื ื™ื ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืœืœื ืฉื›ืจ ืื• ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ื™ื,
01:27
and often dying.
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ื•ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื ืžืชื™ื.
01:30
I got to climb out of that hole, and I got to go home,
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ืื ื™ ื–ื›ื™ืชื™ ืœื˜ืคืก ื•ืœืฆืืช ืžืื•ืชื• ื‘ื•ืจ,
ื•ื’ื ื–ื›ื™ืชื™ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”,
01:35
but they likely never will, because they're trapped in slavery.
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ืืš ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ื–ื›ื• ืœื›ืš, ื›ื™ ื”ื ืœื›ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช.
01:41
For the last 28 years, I've been documenting
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ืžื–ื” 28 ืฉื ื™ื ืื ื™ ืžืชืขื“ืช ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ื•ืช
01:44
indigenous cultures in more than 70 countries
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ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-70 ืืจืฆื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืฉ ื™ื‘ืฉื•ืช,
01:47
on six continents, and in 2009 I had the great honor
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ื•ื‘-2009 ื–ื›ื™ืชื™ ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืจื‘
01:51
of being the sole exhibitor at the Vancouver Peace Summit.
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ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืชืขืจื•ื›ืช-ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื‘ื•ื•ืขื™ื“ืช ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื•ื•ื ืงื•ื‘ืจ.
01:55
Amongst all the astonishing people I met there,
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื•ืคืœืื™ื ืฉืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืฉื,
01:59
I met a supporter of Free the Slaves, an NGO
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ื”ื™ื” ืื—ื“ ื”ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘"ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืœืขื‘ื“ื™ื",
ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืœื-ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืฉืžืชืžืกืจ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช.
02:02
dedicated to eradicating modern day slavery.
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02:07
We started talking about slavery, and really,
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ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœืฉื•ื—ื— ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช, ื•ืื– ื‘ืืžืช
02:10
I started learning about slavery,
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ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืืช ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช,
02:13
for I had certainly known it existed in the world,
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ื›ื™ ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืœื‘ื˜ื— ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช,
02:16
but not to such a degree.
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ืืš ืœื ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืฉื›ื–ื”.
02:19
After we finished talking, I felt so horrible
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ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืกื™ื™ืžื ื• ืœืฉื•ื—ื—, ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื ื•ืจื,
02:23
and honestly ashamed at my own lack of knowledge
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ื•ื‘ื›ื ื•ืช, ื”ืชื‘ื™ื™ืฉืชื™ ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื‘ื•ืจื•ืชื™
02:26
of this atrocity in my own lifetime, and I thought,
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื•ืขื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉืžืชืจื—ืฉืช ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื—ื™ื™,
ื•ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™: ืื ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช, ื›ืžื” ืขื•ื“ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื?
02:30
if I don't know, how many other people don't know?
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02:35
It started burning a hole in my stomach, so within weeks,
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ื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื‘ืขื•ืจ ืœื™ ื‘ื‘ื˜ืŸ, ื•ืชื•ืš ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช
02:38
I flew down to Los Angeles to meet with the director
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ื˜ืกืชื™ ืœืœื•ืก ืื ื’'ืœืก ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืฉ ืขื ื”ื™ื•"ืจ
02:41
of Free the Slaves and offer them my help.
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ืฉืœ "ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืœืขื‘ื“ื™ื" ื•ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืืช ืขื–ืจืชื™.
02:45
Thus began my journey into modern day slavery.
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ื›ืš ื”ื—ืœ ืžืกืขื™ ืืœ ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืช-ื–ืžื ื ื•.
02:49
Oddly, I had been to many of these places before.
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ื”ืžื•ื–ืจ ื”ื•ื, ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืงืจืชื™ ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืืœื”.
02:52
Some I even considered like my second home.
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ื‘ืื—ื“ื™ื ืžื”ื ืืฃ ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื‘ื™ืชื™ ื”ืฉื ื™.
02:56
But this time, I would see the skeletons hidden in the closet.
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ืืš ื”ืคืขื ืขืžื“ืชื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉืœื“ื™ื ืฉื‘ืืจื•ืŸ.
03:03
A conservative estimate tells us there are more than
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ืœืคื™ ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืฉืžืจื ื™ืช,
ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-27 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืžืฉื•ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื.
03:06
27 million people enslaved in the world today.
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03:10
That's double the amount of people taken from Africa
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ื–ื” ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžืžืกืคืจ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ืฉื ืœืงื—ื• ืžืืคืจื™ืงื”
03:13
during the entire trans-Atlantic slave trade.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืชืงื•ืคืช ืกื—ืจ ื”ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื˜ืจื ืก-ืื˜ืœื ื˜ื™.
03:17
A hundred and fifty years ago, an agricultural slave
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ืœืคื ื™ 150 ืฉื ื”,
ืžื—ื™ืจื• ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื“ ืฉืขืกืง ื‘ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืจืš ืคื™ 3 ืžืฉื›ืจื• ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™
03:21
cost about three times the annual salary
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03:24
of an American worker.
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ืฉืœ ืคื•ืขืœ ืืžืจื™ืงืื™.
03:27
That equates to about $50,000 in today's money.
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ื–ื” ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื›-50,000 ื“ื•ืœืจ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื.
03:31
Yet today, entire families can be enslaved for generations
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ืืš ื”ื™ื•ื ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืขื‘ื“ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืœืžืฉืš ื“ื•ืจื•ืช
03:35
over a debt as small as $18.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื—ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ 18 ื“ื•ืœืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
03:40
Astonishingly, slavery generates profits
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ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืชื“ื”ืžื”, ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืžืคื™ืงื” ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื
03:43
of more than $13 billion worldwide each year.
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ืฉืœ ืžืขืœ 13 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžื™ื“ื™ ืฉื ื”.
03:49
Many have been tricked by false promises
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ืจื‘ื™ื ืคื•ืชื• ืœื”ืฉืชืขื‘ื“ ื‘ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื
03:52
of a good education, a better job, only to find
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ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ,
03:56
that they're forced to work without pay
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ืื‘ืœ ื’ื™ืœื• ืฉื”ื ื›ืคื•ื™ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“
ืœืœื ืฉื›ืจ, ื‘ืฆืœ ืื™ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช,
04:00
under the threat of violence, and they cannot walk away.
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ื•ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจ.
04:05
Today's slavery is about commerce,
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ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืงืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ืกื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™,
04:09
so the goods that enslaved people produce have value,
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืœืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืžืฉื•ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ืžืคื™ืงื™ื ื™ืฉ ืขืจืš,
04:13
but the people producing them are disposable.
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ืืš ืžื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ืฉืžืคื™ืงื™ื ืื•ืชื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื™ืคื˜ืจ.
04:18
Slavery exists everywhere, nearly, in the world,
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ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื,
04:22
and yet it is illegal everywhere in the world.
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ื•ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื” ื—ื•ืงื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
- ืœื‘ื ื™ื - ืžื—ื•ื– ืงื˜ืžื ื“ื•, ื ืคืืœ, ืื•ื˜ืจ ืคืจืื“ืฉ, ื”ื•ื“ื• -
04:29
In India and Nepal, I was introduced to the brick kilns.
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ื‘ื”ื•ื“ื• ื•ื‘ื ืคืืœ ื”ืชื•ื•ื“ืขืชื™ ืœื›ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืฉืจื™ืคืช ื”ืœื‘ื ื™ื.
04:34
This strange and awesome sight was like
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ื”ืžืจืื” ื”ืžื•ื–ืจ ื•ื”ืžืคื—ื™ื“ ื”ื–ื”
ื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื• ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ืขืชื™ืงื” ืื• ืœืชื•ืคืช ืฉืœ ื“ื ื˜ื”.
04:37
walking into ancient Egypt or Dante's Inferno.
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ื›ืฉื”ื ืืคื•ืคื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื ืฉืœ 55 ืžืขืœื•ืช,
04:41
Enveloped in temperatures of 130 degrees,
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04:45
men, women, children, entire families in fact,
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ื’ื‘ืจื™ื, ื ืฉื™ื, ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื•ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช,
04:49
were cloaked in a heavy blanket of dust,
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ื”ื™ื• ืžื›ื•ืกื™ื ื‘ืฉืžื™ื›ื” ืขื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืื‘ืง,
04:52
while mechanically stacking bricks on their head,
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ื›ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ื›ื ื™ ืœื‘ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืจืืฉื™ื”ื,
04:55
up to 18 at a time, and carrying them
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ืขื“ 18 ื‘ืคืขื ืื—ืช,
ื•ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ืžื”ืชื ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืœื•ื”ื˜ื™ื ืœืžืฉืื™ื•ืช, ืžืจื—ืง ืฉืœ ืžืื•ืช ืžื˜ืจื™ื.
04:58
from the scorching kilns to trucks hundreds of yards away.
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05:03
Deadened by monotony and exhaustion,
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ื”ื ืงื”ื™-ื—ื•ืฉื™ื ืžืžื•ื ื•ื˜ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืชืฉื™ืฉื•ืช,
05:06
they work silently, doing this task over and over
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ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉืชื™ืงื”,
ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื˜ืœื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘
05:12
for 16 or 17 hours a day.
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ื‘ืžืฉืš 16 ืื• 17 ืฉืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื.
05:15
There were no breaks for food, no water breaks,
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ืื™ืŸ ื”ืคืกืงื•ืช ืื•ื›ืœ, ืื™ืŸ ื”ืคืกืงื•ืช ืฉืชื™ื”,
05:19
and the severe dehydration made urinating
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ื•ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ื‘ืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื” ื”ืคื›ื” ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืชื ื”
05:21
pretty much inconsequential.
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ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื‘ืœืชื™-ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ืช.
05:24
So pervasive was the heat and the dust
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ื”ื—ื•ื ื•ื”ืื‘ืง ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš,
05:27
that my camera became too hot to even touch
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ืฉื”ืžืฆืœืžื” ืฉืœื™ ื ืขืฉืชื” ื—ืžื” ืžื“ื™ ืœืžื’ืข
05:30
and ceased working.
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ื•ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ.
05:33
Every 20 minutes, I'd have to run back to our cruiser
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ืžื™ื“ื™ 20 ื“ืงื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœืจื•ืฅ ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘
05:36
to clean out my gear and run it under an air conditioner
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืงื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืฉืœื™ ื•ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืื•ืชื• ืžื•ืœ ื”ืžื–ื’ืŸ
05:39
to revive it, and as I sat there,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื• ืœืคืขื•ืœื”, ื•ื›ืฉื™ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื,
05:42
I thought, my camera is getting far better treatment
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ืขืœื” ื‘ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื”ืžืฆืœืžื” ืฉืœื™ ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื”
05:47
than these people.
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ืžื–ื” ืฉืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื”ืืœื”.
05:49
Back in the kilns, I wanted to cry,
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ื›ืฉื—ื–ืจืชื™ ืืœ ื”ืชื ื•ืจื™ื ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื‘ื›ื•ืช,
05:52
but the abolitionist next to me quickly grabbed me
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืฉืœืฆื™ื“ื™ ืžื™ื”ืจ ืœืชืคื•ืก ื‘ื™ ื•ืืžืจ:
05:55
and he said, "Lisa, don't do that. Just don't do that here."
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ื•ืืžืจ, "ืœื™ืกื”, ืืœ ืชืขืฉื™ ืืช ื–ื”. ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืืœ ืชืขืฉื™ ืืช ื–ื” ื›ืืŸ."
05:59
And he very clearly explained to me that emotional displays
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื™ ื‘ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื”
ืฉืžืกื•ื›ืŸ ืžืื“ ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื›ื–ื”,
06:03
are very dangerous in a place like this,
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06:06
not just for me, but for them.
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ืœื ืจืง ืขื‘ื•ืจื™, ืืœื ื’ื ืขื‘ื•ืจื.
06:10
I couldn't offer them any direct help.
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ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืœื”ื ืฉื•ื ืขื–ืจื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื”.
06:13
I couldn't give them money, nothing.
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ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืชืช ืœื”ื ื›ืกืฃ. ื›ืœื•ื.
06:16
I wasn't a citizen of that country.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื” ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
06:18
I could get them in a worse situation
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืื•ืชื ืœืžืฆื‘ ื’ืจื•ืข ื™ื•ืชืจ
06:21
than they were already in.
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ืžื–ื” ืฉื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื•.
06:24
I'd have to rely on Free the Slaves to work
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ื ืืœืฆืชื™ ืœื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉ"ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืœืขื‘ื“ื™ื"
06:26
within the system for their liberation,
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ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœืžืขืŸ ื—ื™ืจื•ืชื,
06:29
and I trusted that they would.
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ื•ื”ืืžื ืชื™ ืฉื”ื ื™ืฆืœื™ื—ื•.
06:32
As for me, I'd have to wait until I got home
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ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื™,
ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ ืœื—ื›ื•ืช ืขื“ ืฉื”ื’ืขืชื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”,
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื•ืฉ ื‘ืืžืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœื™.
06:36
to really feel my heartbreak.
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- ืื‘ื ื™ื - - ืžื—ื•ื– ืกื™ื ื“ื”ื•ืคืœืฆ'ื•ืง, ื ืคืืœ, ืื•ื˜ืจ ืคืจืื“ืฉ, ื”ื•ื“ื• -
06:40
In the Himalayas, I found children carrying stone
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ื‘ื”ืจื™ ื”ื”ื™ืžืœืื™ื” ืžืฆืืชื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืกืœืขื™ื
06:43
for miles down mountainous terrain
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ืœืื•ืจืš ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื“ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืจื™ื™ื
06:45
to trucks waiting at roads below.
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ืืœ ืžืฉืื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืชื™ื ื• ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉืœืžื˜ื”.
06:48
The big sheets of slate were heavier
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ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ืคื—ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื›ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ
06:51
than the children carrying them,
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ืžื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื ืฉืื• ืื•ืชื,
06:53
and the kids hoisted them from their heads
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ื•ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื ืฉืื• ืื•ืชื ื‘ืจื™ืชืžื” ืฉื ืงืฉืจื” ืœืจืืฉื™ื”ื,
06:55
using these handmade harnesses of sticks and rope
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ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื“ ืžืžืงืœื•ืช, ื—ื‘ืœื™ื ื•ืงืจืขื™ ื‘ื“ื™ื.
07:00
and torn cloth.
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07:02
It's difficult to witness something so overwhelming.
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ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื“ื™ื ืœืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื” ืžื–ืขื–ืข.
07:05
How can we affect something so insidious,
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ืื™ืš ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื” ืžืจื•ืฉืข
07:08
yet so pervasive?
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ืืš ื›ื” ื ืคื•ืฅ?
07:11
Some don't even know they're enslaved,
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ื™ืฉ ื›ืืœื” ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื”ื ืžืฉื•ืขื‘ื“ื™ื,
07:14
people working 16, 17 hours a day without any pay,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื 16, 17 ืฉืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ืœืœื ืฉื•ื ืฉื›ืจ,
07:19
because this has been the case all their lives.
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ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื”ื.
07:22
They have nothing to compare it to.
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ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืœืžื” ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ื–ืืช.
07:26
When these villagers claimed their freedom,
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ื›ืฉื”ื›ืคืจื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืชื‘ืขื• ืืช ื—ื™ืจื•ืชื,
07:30
the slaveholders burned down all of their houses.
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ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉืจืคื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื‘ืชื™ื”ื.
07:35
I mean, these people had nothing,
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ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžืžืฉ ืื™ื‘ื“ื• ื”ื›ืœ,
07:37
and they were so petrified, they wanted to give up,
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ื•ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ืžืื•ื‘ื ื™ื ืžืคื—ื“ ืขื“ ืฉืจืฆื• ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืข,
07:41
but the woman in the center rallied for them to persevere,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ืื™ืจื’ื ื” ืื•ืชื ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืžืขืžื“,
07:45
and abolitionists on the ground
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ื•ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื—
07:46
helped them get a quarry lease of their own,
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ืขื–ืจื• ืœื”ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื—ื•ื–ื” ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื—ืฆื‘ื” ืžืฉืœื”ื,
07:49
so that now they do the same back-breaking work,
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ืื– ื›ืขืช ื”ื ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืคืจื›ืช,
07:52
but they do it for themselves, and they get paid for it,
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืขืŸ ืขืฆืžื, ื•ื”ื ื’ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉื›ื•ืจืช,
07:57
and they do it in freedom.
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ื•ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื—ื•ืคืฉ.
- ืžื™ืŸ - - ืžื—ื•ื– ืงื˜ืžื ื“ื•, ื ืคืืœ -
08:00
Sex trafficking is what we often think of
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ืกื—ืจ ืžื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื“"ื› ืžื” ืฉืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ื“ืขืชื ื•
08:02
when we hear the word slavery,
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ื›ืฉืื ื• ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” 'ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช',
08:04
and because of this worldwide awareness,
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ื•ืขืงื‘ ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ืœื›ืš,
08:06
I was warned that it would be difficult for me to work safely
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ื”ื–ื”ื™ืจื• ืื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืงืฉื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื”
08:09
within this particular industry.
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ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื”ื–ื•.
08:12
In Kathmandu, I was escorted by women who had
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ื‘ืงื˜ืžื ื“ื• ืœื™ื•ื• ืื•ืชื™ ื ืฉื™ื
08:15
previously been sex slaves themselves.
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ืฉื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขืฆืžืŸ ืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืžื™ืŸ.
08:18
They ushered me down a narrow set of stairs
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ื”ืŸ ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื’ืจื ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืฆืจ
08:21
that led to this dirty, dimly fluorescent lit basement.
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ื•ืœืชื•ืš ืžืจืชืฃ ืžื–ื•ื”ื ื•ืžื•ืืจ ืงืœื•ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื ื™ืื•ืŸ.
08:26
This wasn't a brothel, per se.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ื‘ื™ืช-ื‘ื•ืฉืช.
08:28
It was more like a restaurant.
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ื–ื” ื“ืžื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืžืกืขื“ื”.
08:30
Cabin restaurants, as they're known in the trade,
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"ืžืกืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืื™ื", ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืŸ ืžื•ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”,
08:33
are venues for forced prostitution.
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ื”ืŸ ืขืกืงื™ ื–ื ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืคื™ื™ื”.
08:35
Each has small, private rooms, where the slaves,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืชืื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืฉืคื—ื•ืช -
08:38
women, along with young girls and boys,
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- ื•ื’ื ื ืขืจื•ืช ื•ื ืขืจื™ื,
08:41
some as young as seven years old,
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ื›ืžื” ืžื”ื ื‘ื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื‘ืข -
08:44
are forced to entertain the clients,
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ื›ืคื•ื™ื™ื ืœื‘ื“ืจ ืืช ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช,
08:46
encouraging them to buy more food and alcohol.
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ื•ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืื•ืชื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืขื•ื“ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ืืœื›ื•ื”ื•ืœ.
08:50
Each cubicle is dark and dingy,
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ื›ืœ ืชื ื”ื•ื ืืคืœ ื•ืงื•ื“ืจ,
08:53
identified with a painted number on the wall,
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ืžื–ื•ื”ื” ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืฆื‘ื•ืข ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ืจ,
08:57
and partitioned by plywood and a curtain.
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ื•ืžื•ืคืจื“ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืฆืช ื“ื™ืงื˜ ื•ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืœื•ืŸ.
ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื›ืืŸ ืžืจื‘ื™ื ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ ื”ืฉืคืœื” ืžื™ื ื™ืช ื ื•ืจืื” ืžื™ื“ื™ ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื.
09:01
The workers here often endure tragic sexual abuse
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09:04
at the hands of their customers.
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09:07
Standing in the near darkness, I remember feeling
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ืขืžื“ืชื™ ื‘ืืคืœื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ื’ืžื•ืจื”, ื•ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจืช ืฉื—ืฉืชื™ ืคื—ื“ ืžื”ื™ืจ ื•ืœื•ื”ื˜,
09:10
this quick, hot fear, and in that instant,
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ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืจื’ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืจืง ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ
09:14
I could only imagine what it must be like
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ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืชื•ืคืช ื”ื–ืืช,
09:16
to be trapped in that hell.
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09:19
I had only one way out: the stairs from where I'd come in.
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ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ืจืง ื“ืจืš-ืžื•ืฆื ืื—ืช: ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื“ืจื›ืŸ ื”ื’ืขืชื™.
09:24
There were no back doors.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื“ืœืชื•ืช ืื—ื•ืจื™ื•ืช.
09:25
There were no windows large enough to climb through.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื—ืœื•ื ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืกืคื™ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื“ืจื›ื.
09:28
These people have no escape at all,
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ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืžืคืœื˜,
09:32
and as we take in such a difficult subject,
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ื•ืื ืื ื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืงืฉื” ื–ื•,
09:35
it's important to note that slavery, including sex trafficking,
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ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืกื—ืจ ื”ืžื™ืŸ,
09:40
occurs in our own backyard as well.
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ืžืชืจื—ืฉืช ื’ื ื‘ื—ืฆืจ ื”ืื—ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
09:43
Tens of hundreds of people are enslaved in agriculture,
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ืืœืคื™ ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื ืžืฉื•ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ืงืœืื•ืช,
09:47
in restaurants, in domestic servitude,
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ื‘ืžืกืขื“ื•ืช, ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช,
09:50
and the list can go on.
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ื•ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืขื•ื“ ืืจื•ื›ื”.
09:53
Recently, the New York Times reported that
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ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื”"ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง ื˜ื™ื™ืžืก"
09:55
between 100,000 and 300,000 American children
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ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ 100,000 ืœ-300,000 ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื™ื
10:01
are sold into sex slavery every year.
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ื ืžื›ืจื™ื ื›ืขื‘ื“ื™ ื•ืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืžื™ืŸ ืžื™ื“ื™ ืฉื ื”.
10:05
It's all around us. We just don't see it.
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ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ื ื•. ืื ื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ืจื•ืื™ื ื–ืืช.
- ื˜ืงืกื˜ื™ืœ - - ืื•ื˜ืจ ืคืจืื“ืฉ, ื”ื•ื“ื• -
10:12
The textile industry is another one we often think of
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ื’ื ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื˜ืงืกื˜ื™ืœ ื”ื™ื ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ื“ืขืชื ื•
10:15
when we hear about slave labor.
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ื›ืฉืื ื• ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืขืœ ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช.
10:18
I visited villages in India where entire families were enslaved
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ื‘ื™ืงืจืชื™ ื‘ื›ืคืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื•ื“ื• ืฉื‘ื”ื ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืžืฉื•ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช
10:22
in the silk trade.
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ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉื™.
10:25
This is a family portrait.
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ื–ื”ื• ื“ื™ื•ืงืŸ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™.
10:27
The dyed black hands are the father, while the blue
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ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื”ืฆื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื‘ืฉื—ื•ืจ ื”ืŸ ื”ืื‘,
ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื”ื›ื—ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืื“ื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ื•.
10:31
and red hands are his sons.
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10:34
They mix dye in these big barrels,
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ื”ื ืžืขืจื‘ื‘ื™ื ืฆื‘ืข ื‘ื—ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช,
10:37
and they submerge the silk into the liquid up to their elbows,
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ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื–ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืฉื™ ืขื“ ืœืžืจืคืงื™ื”ื,
10:41
but the dye is toxic.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฆื‘ืข ืจืขื™ืœ.
10:46
My interpreter told me their stories.
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ื”ืžืชืจื’ืžืช ืฉืœื™ ืกื™ืคืจื” ืœื™ ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื”ื.
10:49
"We have no freedom," they said.
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"ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื—ื•ืคืฉ," ื”ื ืืžืจื•.
10:52
"We hope still, though, that we could leave this house
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"ืื‘ืœ ืื ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื•ื™ื ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืคืขื ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื–ื”,
10:56
someday and go someplace else
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"ื•ืœืœื›ืช ืœืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ
10:57
where we actually get paid for our dyeing."
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"ืฉื‘ื• ื™ืฉืœืžื• ืœื ื• ืขืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืขื” ืฉืœื ื•."
- ื“ื™ื’ - - ืžื—ื•ื– ื‘ืจื•ื ื’ ืื”ืคื•, ื’ืื ื” -
11:04
It's estimated that more than 4,000 children
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ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-4,000 ื™ืœื“ื™ื
11:09
are enslaved on Lake Volta,
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ืžืฉื•ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืื’ื ื•ื•ืœื˜ื”,
11:11
the largest man-made lake in the world.
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ื”ืื’ื ืžืขืฉื”-ื™ื“ื™-ืื“ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
11:15
When we first arrived, I went to have a quick look.
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ืžื™ื“ ื›ืฉื”ื’ืขื ื•, ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœื”ืขื™ืฃ ืžื‘ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ.
11:18
I saw what seemed to be a family fishing on a boat,
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ืจืื™ืชื™ ืžื” ืฉื ืจืื” ื›ืžื• ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ื“ื™ื’ ืžืชื•ืš ืกื™ืจื”,
11:21
two older brothers, some younger kids, makes sense right?
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ืฉื ื™ ืื—ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ื›ืžื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืกื‘ื™ืจ, ืœื?
11:26
Wrong. They were all enslaved.
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ืœื. ื›ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืขื‘ื“ื™ื.
11:30
Children are taken from their families
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ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื ืœืงื—ื™ื ืžืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื,
11:32
and trafficked and vanished,
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ื•ื”ื ื ืžื›ืจื™ื ื•ื ืขืœืžื™ื,
11:35
and they're forced to work endless hours on these boats
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ืžื›ืจื™ื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื™ื ืกืคื•ืจ ืฉืขื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืฉื‘ืื’ื
11:38
on the lake, even though they do not know how to swim.
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœืฉื—ื•ืช.
11:42
This young child is eight years old.
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ื”ื™ืœื“ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉืžื•ื ื”.
11:45
He was trembling when our boat approached,
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ื”ื•ื ืจืขื“ ืžืคื—ื“ ื›ืฉื”ืกื™ืจื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ืชืงืจื‘ื”,
11:47
frightened it would run over his tiny canoe.
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ื”ื•ื ืคื—ื“ ืฉื ืจืžื•ืก ืืช ื”ื‘ื•ืฆื™ืช ื”ื–ืขื™ืจื” ืฉืœื•.
11:50
He was petrified he would be knocked in the water.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืคื—ื“ ืฉืžื ื™ื™ื–ืจืง ืœืžื™ื.
11:53
The skeletal tree limbs submerged in Lake Volta
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ื‘ืขื ืคื™ ื”ืขืฆื™ื ื”ืขื™ืจื•ืžื™ื ื”ืฉืงื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืื’ื ื•ื•ืœื˜ื”
11:57
often catch the fishing nets, and weary,
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ื ืชืคืกื•ืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื’,
ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืขื™ื™ืคื™ื ื•ืžืคื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืžื•ืฉืœื›ื™ื ืœืžื™ื
12:01
frightened children are thrown into the water
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12:04
to untether the lines.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฉืชื•ืช.
ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื ื˜ื•ื‘ืขื™ื.
12:07
Many of them drown.
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12:09
For as long as he can recall, he's been forced to work
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ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ, ืžืื– ื•ืžืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื›ืจื™ื—ื• ืื•ืชื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“
12:13
on the lake.
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ื‘ืื’ื ื”ื–ื”.
12:15
Terrified of his master, he will not run away,
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ื”ืคื—ื“ ืžืื“ื•ื ื• ืœื ื™ืชื™ืจ ืœื• ืœื‘ืจื•ื—,
12:18
and since he's been treated with cruelty all his life,
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ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื• ืืœื™ื• ื‘ืื›ื–ืจื™ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื•,
12:22
he passes that down to the younger slaves
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ื’ื ื”ื•ื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ื›ืš ืœืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืกืจื™ื ืœืžืจื•ืชื•.
12:24
that he manages.
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12:27
I met these boys at five in the morning,
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ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืืช ื”ื ืขืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื‘ื—ืžืฉ ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ,
12:29
when they were hauling in the last of their nets,
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ื›ืฉืืกืคื• ืืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉืชื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื,
12:32
but they had been working since 1 a.m.
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ืืš ื”ื ืขื‘ื“ื• ืžืื– ื”ืฉืขื” ืื—ืช ืœืคื ื•ืช ื‘ื•ืงืจ,
12:35
in the cold, windy night.
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ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื”ืงืจ ื•ื ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืจื•ื—ื•ืช.
12:38
And it's important to note that these nets weigh
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ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•
ืฉื•ืงืœื•ืช ื›-500 ืงื™ืœื•ื’ืจืžื™ื ื›ืฉื”ืŸ ืžืœืื•ืช ื‘ื“ื’ื™ื.
12:42
more than a thousand pounds when they're full of fish.
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12:46
I want to introduce you to Kofi.
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ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืืช ืงื•ืคื™.
12:50
Kofi was rescued from a fishing village.
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ืงื•ืคื™ ื—ื•ืœืฅ ืžื›ืคืจ ื“ื™ื’ ืื—ื“.
12:54
I met him at a shelter where Free the Slaves
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ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžืงืœื˜ ืฉื‘ื• "ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืœืขื‘ื“ื™ื"
12:56
rehabilitates victims of slavery.
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ืžืฉืงืžื™ื ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืขื‘ื•ื“.
13:00
Here he's seen taking a bath at the well,
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ื›ืืŸ ืจื•ืื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืžืชืจื—ืฅ ืœื™ื“ ื”ื‘ืืจ,
13:02
pouring big buckets of water over his head,
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ืฉื•ืคืš ื“ืœื™ื™ ืžื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืขืœ ืจืืฉื•,
13:05
and the wonderful news is,
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ื•ื”ื‘ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื ืคืœืื•ืช ื”ืŸ,
13:07
as you and I are sitting here talking today,
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ืฉื‘ืขื•ื“ ืืชื ื•ืื ื™ ืžืฉื•ื—ื—ื™ื ื›ืืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื,
13:09
Kofi has been reunited with his family,
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ืงื•ืคื™ ืฉื‘ ืœืžืฉืคื—ืชื•,
13:12
and what's even better, his family has been given tools
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ื•ืœื ืจืง ื–ื”, ืืœื ืฉืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ื›ืœื™ื
13:15
to make a living and to keep their children safe.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชืคืจื ืก ื•ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœืฉืœื•ื ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
13:21
Kofi is the embodiment of possibility.
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ืงื•ืคื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื’ืœืžื•ืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื™.
13:26
Who will he become because someone took a stand
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ืžื™ ื”ื•ื ืขืชื™ื“ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื›ืš ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื ืงื˜ ื™ื•ื–ืžื”
13:30
and made a difference in his life?
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ื•ืฉื™ื ื” ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื•?
- ื–ื”ื‘ - - ืืฉื ื˜ื™ ื•ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื, ื’ืื ื” -
13:34
Driving down a road in Ghana
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ื›ืฉื ืกืขื ื• ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื’ืื ื”
13:36
with partners of Free the Slaves,
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ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื™ "ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืœืขื‘ื“ื™ื",
13:38
a fellow abolitionist on a moped suddenly sped up
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ืœื•ื—ื ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืื—ื“ ืขืœ ื˜ื•ืกื˜ื•ืก ื”ืื™ืฅ ืœืคืชืข,
13:41
to our cruiser and tapped on the window.
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ื”ืชืงืจื‘ ืœืจื›ื‘ ืฉืœื ื• ื•ื”ืงื™ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ืŸ.
13:44
He told us to follow him down a dirt road into the jungle.
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื ื• ืœื ืกื•ืข ืื—ืจื™ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ืขืคืจ ืœืชื•ืš ื”ื’'ื•ื ื’ืœ.
13:49
At the end of the road, he urged us out of the car,
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ื‘ืงืฆื” ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื•ื ื“ื—ืง ื‘ื ื• ืœืฆืืช ืžื”ืจื›ื‘,
13:52
and told the driver to quickly leave.
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ื•ืืžืจ ืœื ื”ื’ ืœื”ืกืชืœืง ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช.
13:54
Then he pointed toward this barely visible footpath,
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ื•ืื– ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ืชื•ื•ืื™ ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ืงืจืงืข ืฉื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ื ืจืื” ืœืขื™ืŸ,
13:58
and said, "This is the path, this is the path. Go."
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ื•ืืžืจ, "ื–ื” ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืœ. ื–ื” ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืœ. ืงื“ื™ืžื”."
14:02
As we started down the path, we pushed aside the vines
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ื›ืฉื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ
ื”ื“ืคื ื• ื”ืฆื™ื“ื” ืืช ื”ื’ืคื ื™ื ืฉื—ืกืžื• ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš,
14:05
blocking the way, and after about an hour of walking in,
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ื•ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืฉืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ื›ื”,
14:09
found that the trail had become flooded by recent rains,
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ื’ื™ืœื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื•ืฆืคื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื,
14:15
so I hoisted the photo gear above my head
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ื”ื’ื‘ื”ืชื™ ืžืขืœ ืจืืฉื™ ืืช ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื”ืฆื™ืœื•ื
14:16
as we descended into these waters up to my chest.
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ื›ืฉื™ืจื“ื ื• ืœืžื™ื, ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื™ ืขื“ ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื—ื–ื”.
14:21
After another two hours of hiking, the winding trail
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ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืฉืขืชื™ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฆืขื™ื“ื”,
ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืžืชืคืชืœ ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื ืœืคืชืข ื‘ืงืจื—ืช ื™ืขืจ,
14:25
abruptly ended at a clearing, and before us
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ื•ืœืขื™ื ื™ื ื• ื”ืชื’ืœื• ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืฉื’ื•ื“ืœื• ื›ืžื’ืจืฉ ืคื•ื˜ื‘ื•ืœ,
14:29
was a mass of holes
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14:31
that could fit into the size of a football field,
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14:35
and all of them were full of enslaved people laboring.
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ื•ื‘ืชื•ืš ื›ื•ืœื ืขื‘ื“ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื›ืคื™ื”.
14:41
Many women had children strapped to their backs
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ื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ื–ื™ืงื• ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ื”ืŸ
14:44
while they were panning for gold,
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ืŸ ืžื—ืคืฉื•ืช ื–ื”ื‘ ื•ืžืฉื›ืฉื›ื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื ืจืขื™ืœื™ื ืžื›ืกืคื™ืช.
14:46
wading in water poisoned by mercury.
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14:50
Mercury is used in the extraction process.
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ื”ื›ืกืคื™ืช ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ื”ื–ื”ื‘.
14:55
These miners are enslaved in a mine shaft
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ื”ื›ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžืฉื•ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืคื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื›ืจื”
14:58
in another part of Ghana.
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ื‘ื—ืœืง ืื—ืจ ืฉืœ ื’ืื ื”.
15:01
When they came out of the shaft, they were soaking wet
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ื›ืฉื”ื ื™ืฆืื• ืžื”ืคื™ืจ, ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืจื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™
15:04
from their own sweat.
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ืžื–ื™ืขืชื ืฉืœื”ื.
15:06
I remember looking into their tired, bloodshot eyes,
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ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจืช ืฉื”ื‘ื˜ืชื™ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ื”ืขื™ื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืื“ื•ืžื•ืช,
15:10
for many of them had been underground for 72 hours.
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ื›ื™ ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืชื—ืช ืœืื“ืžื” ื‘ืžืฉืš 72 ืฉืขื•ืช.
15:16
The shafts are up to 300 feet deep, and they carry out
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ืขื•ืžืง ื”ืคื™ืจื™ื ืžื’ื™ืข ืœ-100 ืžื˜ืจื™ื,
ื•ื”ื ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืžื”ื ืฉืงื™ื ื›ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืกืœืขื™ื
15:20
heavy bags of stone that later will be transported
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ืฉืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืื–ื•ืจ ืื—ืจ, ื•ืฉื ื™ื ืคืฆื• ืืช ื”ืกืœืขื™ื
15:24
to another area, where the stone will be pounded
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15:26
so that they can extract the gold.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืžืฆื•ืช ืžื”ื ืืช ื”ื–ื”ื‘.
15:30
At first glance, the pounding site seems full
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ื‘ืžื‘ื˜ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ,
ืืชืจ ื”ื ื™ืคื•ืฅ ื ืจืื” ืžืœื ื‘ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ื–ืงื™ื,
15:34
of powerful men, but when we look closer,
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืงืจื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืจืื™ื ื• ื›ืžื” ืžืกื›ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ
15:39
we see some less fortunate working on the fringes,
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ืฉื”ื™ื• ืขืœ ืกืฃ ืžื•ื•ืช, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื,
15:44
and children too.
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15:46
All of them are victim to injury, illness and violence.
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ื›ื•ืœื ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคืฆื™ืขื•ืช, ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื•ืืœื™ืžื•ืช.
15:53
In fact, it's very likely that this muscular person
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžืื“ ืฉื”ืื“ื ื”ืฉืจื™ืจื™ ื”ื–ื”
15:57
will end up like this one here, racked with tuberculosis
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ื™ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืฆื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื–ื”, ืฉืกื•ื‘ืœ ืžืฉื—ืคืช
16:02
and mercury poisoning in just a few years.
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ื•ืžื”ืจืขืœืช ื›ืกืคื™ืช, ืชื•ืš ืฉื ื™ื ืžืขื˜ื•ืช.
16:07
This is Manuru. When his father died,
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ื–ื”ื• ืžื ื•ืจื•.
ื›ืฉืื‘ื™ื• ืžืช, ื“ื•ื“ื• ืงื ื” ืื•ืชื• ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื™ืชื• ื‘ืžื›ืจื•ืช.
16:11
his uncle trafficked him to work with him in the mines.
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16:14
When his uncle died, Manuru inherited his uncle's debt,
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ื›ืฉื“ื•ื“ื• ืžืช, ืžื ื•ืจื• ื™ืจืฉ ืืช ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื•ื“,
16:19
which further forced him into being enslaved in the mines.
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ืžื” ืฉื”ืขืžื™ืง ืืช ืฉืขื‘ื•ื“ื• ื‘ืžื›ืจื•ืช.
ื›ืฉืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืื•ืชื•,
16:24
When I met him, he had been working in the mines
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ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื“ ื‘ืžื›ืจื•ืช 14 ืฉื ื”,
16:26
for 14 years, and the leg injury that you see here
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ื•ืคืฆื™ืขืช ื”ืจื’ืœ ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ื›ืืŸ ืงืจืชื” ื‘ืชืื•ื ื” ื‘ืžื›ืจื”;
16:31
is actually from a mining accident,
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16:33
one so severe doctors say his leg should be amputated.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื›ื” ื—ืžื•ืจื”, ืฉื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ืจื•ืช ืืช ื”ืจื’ืœ.
16:38
On top of that, Manuru has tuberculosis,
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ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืžื ื•ืจื• ืกื•ื‘ืœ ืžืฉื—ืคืช,
16:42
yet he's still forced to work day in and day out
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื•ืคื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืžื™ื“ื™ ื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ื•ืžื•
16:45
in that mine shaft.
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ื‘ืชื•ืš ืคื™ืจ ื”ืžื›ืจื”.
ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื—ืœื•ื:
16:48
Even still, he has a dream that he will become free
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉื™
16:53
and become educated with the help of local activists
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ื•ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื
16:56
like Free the Slaves,
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ื›ืžื• "ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืœืขื‘ื“ื™ื",
16:58
and it's this sort of determination,
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ื•ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช ืžื”ืกื•ื’ ื”ื–ื”,
17:01
in the face of unimaginable odds,
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ืœื ื•ื›ื— ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื ืืคืกื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืงืฉื” ืœืชืืจื”,
17:05
that fills me with complete awe.
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ื”ื™ื ืฉืžืžืœืืช ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืจืื” ื’ืžื•ืจื”.
17:12
I want to shine a light on slavery.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืฉืคื•ืš ืื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช.
17:15
When I was working in the field,
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ื›ืฉืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ื‘ืฉื˜ื—,
17:17
I brought lots of candles with me,
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ื”ื‘ืืชื™ ืื™ืชื™ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื ืจื•ืช,
17:20
and with the help of my interpreter,
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ื•ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”ืžืชืจื’ืžืช ืฉืœื™,
17:23
I imparted to the people I was photographing
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ืืžืจืชื™ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืฆื™ืœืžืชื™
17:25
that I wanted to illuminate their stories
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ืฉื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœื”ืื™ืจ ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื”ื
17:28
and their plight,
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ื•ืืช ืฆืจืชื,
17:30
so when it was safe for them, and safe for me,
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื ื•ื’ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื™,
17:34
I made these images.
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ืฆื™ืœืžืชื™ ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”.
17:37
They knew their image would be seen
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ื”ื ื™ื“ืขื• ืฉื‘ืชืžื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืชื™ืฆืคื• ืืชื, ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉื‘ื—ื•ืฅ.
17:39
by you out in the world.
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17:41
I wanted them to know that we will be bearing witness
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ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืฉื”ื ื™ื™ื“ืขื• ืฉืื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืขื“ื•ืช ืจืื™ื” ืœืžืฆื‘ื
17:45
to them, and that we will do whatever we can
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ื•ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื›ื›ืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ื•
17:49
to help make a difference in their lives.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื.
17:54
I truly believe, if we can see one another
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ืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืžืืžื™ื ื” ืฉืื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื™ืฉ ืืช ื–ื•ืœืชื•
17:57
as fellow human beings, then it becomes very difficult
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ื›ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื ืื—ื™ื,
ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ืงืฉื” ืžืื“ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืขื ื–ื•ื•ืขื•ืช ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช.
18:02
to tolerate atrocities like slavery.
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18:07
These images are not of issues. They are of people,
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ืืœื” ืœื ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช. ืืœื” ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื,
18:10
real people, like you and me, all deserving
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ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื, ื›ืžื•ื›ื ื•ื›ืžื•ื ื™, ืฉื’ื ื”ื ื–ื›ืื™ื
18:14
of the same rights, dignity and respect
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ืœืื•ืชืŸ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช, ื•ืœืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื—ืก ื•ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื”ื.
18:17
in their lives.
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18:19
There is not a day that goes by that I don't think
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ืœื ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืฉืื—ืฉื•ื‘
18:23
of these many beautiful, mistreated people
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ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื ื™ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ืคื™ื ื•ื”ืžื‘ื•ื–ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•
18:28
I've had the tremendous honor of meeting.
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ืฉื ืคืœ ื‘ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืขืฆื•ื ืœืคื’ื•ืฉ.
18:33
I hope that these images awaken a force
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืืœื” ืชืขื•ืจืจื ื” ื›ื•ื— ื›ืœืฉื”ื•
18:36
in those who view them, people like you,
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ื‘ืžื™ ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ, ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื ื›ืžื•ื›ื,
18:39
and I hope that force will ignite a fire,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื›ื•ื— ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ืช ืืฉ,
18:43
and that fire will shine a light on slavery,
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ื•ืฉืืฉ ื–ื• ืชืฉืคื•ืš ืื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช,
18:48
for without that light, the beast of bondage
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ื›ื™ ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืืฉ ื”ื–ื•, ืžืคืœืฆืช ื”ืฉืขื‘ื•ื“
18:52
can continue to live in the shadows.
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ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืฆืœืœื™ื.
18:56
Thank you very much.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื.
18:58
(Applause)
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-ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ืจืง ืœื›ืฉื™ืฉื•ื—ืจืจื• ื”ืžืฉื•ืขื‘ื“ื™ื-
-ื”ืืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืฃ ื“ื–ืžื•ื ื“ ื˜ื•ื˜ื•-
(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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