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翻译人员: Conway Ye
校对人员: Junkai Fu
我为初中和高中学生
00:13
I design engineering projects
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00:14
for middle school
and high school students,
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设计工程项目
00:17
often using materials
that are pretty unexpected.
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经常使用令人意想不到的材料
00:21
My inspiration comes
from problems in my daily life.
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00:24
For example,
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我的灵感来源于日常生活中的问题
例如
00:26
one time I needed a costume
to go to a comic convention,
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有一次,我需要一套服装去参加动漫大会
但是我不想花很多钱
00:30
but I didn't want to spend too much money,
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00:32
so I made my own ...
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所以我自己用会发光的皇冠和短裙
00:34
with a light-up crown and skirt.
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做了一套
00:36
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
00:38
Another time,
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另一次
00:39
I was devastated
because my favorite mobile game,
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我非常沮丧
因为我最喜欢的手机游戏
00:43
Flappy Bird,
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飞行的小鸟
要从应用商城下架了
00:45
was being taken off the app store.
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00:46
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
00:48
So I was faced with the dilemma
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所以我进退两难
00:50
to either never update my phone
or never play Flappy Bird again.
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要不就不升级我的手机
要不然就再也玩不了飞行的小鸟了
00:54
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
00:57
Unhappy with both options,
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两个我都不愿意
00:59
I did the only thing
that made sense to me.
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所以我找到了一个很有意思的办法
01:01
I made a physical version of Flappy Bird
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我自己做了一个实体版本的Flappy Bird游戏,
它永远也不会从应用商城下架
01:04
that could never be
taken off the app store.
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01:06
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
(音乐)
01:09
(Music)
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01:14
(Beeping)
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01:17
(Music)
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01:18
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
我也有几个朋友对这游戏上瘾
01:21
So a few of my friends
were also pretty addicted to the game,
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01:24
and I invited them to play as well.
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我邀请请他们一起来玩
01:26
(Video) Friend: Ah!
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(视频)朋友:啊!!!
(笑声)
01:28
(Laughter)
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(视频)朋友:什么!?
01:31
(Video) Friend: What the heck?
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01:32
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
01:33
And they told me that it was
just as infuriating as the original game.
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他们告诉我这和原版游戏一样,很燃
01:37
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
所以我把这个产品的演示上传到网络
01:39
So I uploaded a demo
of this project online,
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01:42
and to my surprise it went viral.
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没想到它竟然火了
01:44
It had over two million views
in just a few days.
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几天内就有了两百万的浏览量
(笑声)
01:48
(Laughter)
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01:49
And what's more interesting
are people's comments.
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更有趣的是人们的评论
01:52
A lot of people
wanted to make it their own,
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很多人都想要自己制作
01:55
or asked me how it was made.
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向我问制作的方法
这似乎证实了我的想法--
01:57
So this kind of confirmed my idea
that through a creative project,
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通过一个有创意的项目,
我们能够让人们了解工程学
02:01
we can teach people about engineering.
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02:04
With the money made from the viral video,
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用那段视频赚来的钱
02:06
we were able to let students
in our classroom
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我们开设了教室
02:08
all make their own game in a box.
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让孩子们能够在盒子里制作自己的游戏
02:11
Although it was pretty challenging,
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即使这挺具有挑战性的
02:13
they learned a lot of new concepts
in engineering and programming.
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但他们学了很多工程和编程的新概念
他们很渴望学习,因为想要完成这个游戏
02:17
And they were all eager to learn
so they could finish the game as well.
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02:20
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
02:22
So before Flappy Bird Box,
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在Flappy Bird盒子版之前,
我就想过用有创意的工程项目去教导学生
02:25
I had the idea of using creative
engineering projects to teach students.
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02:30
When I was teaching at a middle school,
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当我在初中教书的时候
02:32
we asked our students to build a robot
from a standard technology kit.
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我们要求学生用一个标准工具套装制作一个机器人
02:37
And I noticed that
a lot of them seemed bored.
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我发现他们很多人都觉得无聊
02:40
Then a few of them
started taking pieces of paper
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然后他们中的一些开始用纸
02:43
and decorating their robots.
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装饰他们的机器人
然后更多的学生参与进来
02:45
And then more of them got into it,
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并且他们对项目更感兴趣了
02:47
and they became
more interested in the project.
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02:49
So I started looking
for more creative ways
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我开始寻找更有创造性的方式
02:52
to introduce technology to students.
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来教给学生科技
02:55
What I found was that most technology kits
available in school
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我发现大多数学校的科技套装
02:59
look a little intimidating.
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看起来都有一些吓人
03:01
They're all made of plastic parts
that you can't customize.
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他们都是由无法改装的
的塑料部件构成
03:05
On top of that,
they're all very expensive,
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而且,它们非常昂贵
03:08
costing hundreds of dollars per kit.
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每套花费上百美金
03:10
So that's certainly not very affordable
for most classroom budgets.
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所以大多数教室都是承担不起的
03:15
Since I didn't find anything,
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既然我找不到什么东西
03:16
I decided to make something on my own.
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我决定自己做一些
我从纸和布料开始
03:19
I started with paper and fabric.
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毕竟我们从小就和它们打交道
03:22
After all, we all played
with those since we were kids,
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03:25
and they are also pretty cheap
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而且它们挺便宜的
03:26
and can be found
anywhere around the house.
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还可以从家里找到它们
03:30
And I prototyped a project
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所以我创造了一个项目
03:31
where students
can create a light-up creature
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学生能够制作一个发光的生物
03:34
using fabric and googly eyes.
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使用布料和瞪大的眼睛
他们在教室里互相帮助
03:37
They were all helping
each other in classrooms,
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03:39
and were laughing
and discussing the project.
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我们笑着一起讨论这个项目
03:41
And most importantly,
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最重要的是
03:42
they were able to insert
their own creativity into the project.
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他们都能够在项目中
加入自己的创意
03:46
So because of the success of this project,
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因为这个项目的成功
03:48
I continued to create
more engineering projects
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我开发了更多工程项目
03:51
to challenge my students.
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去挑战我的学生
03:53
And I also started to take
these workshops outside of school
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我还开始把这些项目带到校外
03:57
and into the community.
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带进社区
03:58
And something really interesting happened.
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一些很有趣的事情发生了--
04:01
I noticed a lot of people
from very diverse backgrounds
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我发现很多不同背景的人
04:04
started coming to our workshops.
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开始参与这个项目
04:06
And specifically,
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特别是
有比我预想更多女性和少数民族参与
04:08
there were a lot more women
and minorities than I expected,
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04:12
and that you wouldn't usually see
at a traditional engineering workshop.
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这在传统工程项目中并不常见
04:17
Now take a look at this employee report
at a major technology company in 2016.
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现在看看2016年
大型科技公司的雇员报告
04:23
Women make up only 19 percent
of the technology workforce.
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女性只占技术人员的19%
04:27
And underrepresented minorities
make up only four percent.
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少数民族(URM)只有4%
04:31
This statistic might look familiar
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这个数据看起来可能很熟悉
04:33
if you walked into
a high school robotics club,
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当你走进一个高中机器人俱乐部
或者一个大学的工程课
04:37
or a college engineering class.
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04:39
Now, there's a wide variety of problems
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很多问题造成了
科技人员缺少多样性
04:44
that contribute to the lack of diversity
in the technology force.
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04:48
Perhaps one solution could be
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可能一个解决方法是
04:50
to introduce technology to students
through creative projects.
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通过创造性项目来把科技带给学生
04:55
I'm not saying that this
could solve everything,
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我并不觉得这可以解决一切
但这可能会把科技带给
04:59
but it could introduce technology
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05:02
to people who originally
wouldn't be interested in it
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本不会对其感兴趣的人
05:04
because of how it has been
portrayed and taught in school.
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因为他们在学校的时候科技课已经被教得并不令人感兴趣
05:08
So how do we start to change
the perception of technology?
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所以我们如何开始改变对科技的感观?
05:13
Most students think
that it's boring or unwelcoming,
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大多数学生认为
工程是无聊和困难的
05:18
so I have always designed projects
following three principles.
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所以我一直依照
这三条原理来设计项目
05:22
First is having a low floor,
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一是低门槛
05:24
and that means this project
is easy to get started.
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这意味着这个项目很好开始
看看这个教程
05:29
So take a look at this tutorial.
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05:31
The first project
we asked students to learn
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我们要求学生学习的第一个项目
是在纸上制作一条电路
05:34
is to make a circuit on paper.
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你能看到
这花不了很多时间学会
05:36
As you can see, it doesn't
take very long to learn,
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05:38
and it's pretty easy even for beginners.
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对初学者来说也很简单。
05:41
And having a low floor also means
that we're removing the financial barrier
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低门槛也意味着没有经济障碍,
05:46
that prevents people
from completing a project.
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让人们放弃一个项目
05:49
So with paper, copper tape,
lightbulb and a battery,
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所以用纸、铜胶带、灯泡和一个电池
05:53
people can complete this project
for under a dollar.
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人们能够在一美元以下完成这个项目
05:57
So second principle
is having a high ceiling.
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第二个原理是高质量
06:00
This means that there's
a lot of room to grow,
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只这意味着成长空间很大
06:03
and students are
constantly being challenged.
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学生不断会被挑战
06:07
At first it might just be
a light-up creature,
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刚开始可能只是一个会发光的生物
然后你就可以加入
一些传感器和微控制器,
06:10
but then you can add sensors
and microcontrollers,
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06:12
and start to program the creature
to interact with its environment.
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然后开始编程,让它能和环境互动
06:16
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
最后
06:18
And finally,
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06:19
the third principle is customization.
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第三个原理是个性化
06:21
This means that we can make
this project relevant to anyone.
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这意味着我们可以
让这个项目和每个人都有关
06:26
That's the beauty
of using everyday materials;
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这就是使用日常材料的好处
06:29
it's very easy to customize
using paper and fabric.
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用纸和布料来个性化很简单
所以即使你不喜欢飞行的小鸟
06:33
So even if you don't like Flappy Bird,
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06:36
you can still make your own game.
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你也可以制作自己的游戏
06:39
(Video) Student: So our game
is about Justin Bieber,
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(视频)学生:
我们的游戏贾斯丁比伯有关
06:41
because he's been speeding,
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因为他一直开车超速
06:44
and the object is to prevent him
from getting caught by the LAPD --
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目标就是防止它被他
被洛杉矶警察抓住
06:49
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
(视频)学生:但是他在改变
06:52
(Video) Student:
Yeah, but he's changing so --
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06:54
we're a part of his posse.
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我们是他的粉丝
06:56
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
06:58
Thank you.
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谢谢
06:59
(Applause)
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(鼓掌)
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