Why does the universe exist? | Jim Holt | TED

Prevodilac: Aleksandar Kovačević Lektor: Mile Živković

Why does the universe exist?

Zašto postoji univerzum?

Why is there — Okay. Okay. (Laughter)

Zašto postoji - Dobro. Dobro. (Smeh)

This is a cosmic mystery. Be solemn.

To je jedna od misterija kosmosa. Uozbiljite se.

Why is there a world, why are we in it,

Zašto postoji svet, zbog čega smo mi u njemu

and why is there something rather than nothing at all?

i zašto uopšte postoji nešto, a ne ništa?

I mean, this is the super ultimate "why" question?

Mislim, to je najvažnije pitanje ,,zašto''.

So I'm going to talk about the mystery of existence,

Tako da ću da pričam o tajni postojanja,

the puzzle of existence,

zagonetki postojanja,

where we are now in addressing it,

dokle smo stigli u njenom rešavanju

and why you should care,

i zbog čega bi to trebalo da vas zanima,

and I hope you do care.

a nadam se da vas zanima.

The philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer said that

Filozof Artur Šopenhauer je rekao da su oni

those who don't wonder about the contingency of their existence,

koji ne razmišljaju o verovatnoći sopstvenog postojanja,

of the contingency of the world's existence,

o verovatnoći postojanja sveta,

are mentally deficient.

mentalno zaostali.

That's a little harsh, but still. (Laughter)

Možda malo pregrubo, ali opet. (Smeh)

So this has been called the most sublime

Ovo se smatra najuzvišenijom

and awesome mystery,

i najstrašnijom tajnom,

the deepest and most far-reaching question

najdubljim i najsveobuhvatnijim pitanjem koje je čovek

man can pose.

u stanju da postavi.

It's obsessed great thinkers.

Mučilo je i najveće mislioce.

Ludwig Wittgenstein, perhaps the greatest

Ludviga Vitgenštajna,

philosopher of the 20th century,

možda najvećeg filozofa 20-og veka,

was astonished that there should be a world at all.

je čudilo što svet uopšte postoji.

He wrote in his "Tractatus," Proposition 4.66,

U svom ,,Traktatu'', u predlogu 4.66, zapisao je:

"It is not how things are in the world

,,Misterija ne leži

that is the mystical,

u ustrojstvu sveta,

it's that the world exists."

već u samom njegovom postojanju.''

And if you don't like taking your epigrams

Ako ne volite izreke koje smišljaju filozofi,

from a philosopher, try a scientist.

evo jednog naučnika.

John Archibald Wheeler, one of the great physicists

Džon Arčibald Viler, jedan od najznačajnijih

of the 20th century,

fizičara 20-og veka,

the teacher of Richard Feynman,

koji je podučavao Ričarda Fejnmana

the coiner of the term "black hole,"

i izmislio izraz ,,crna rupa'',

he said, "I want to know

je rekao: ,,Želim da znam

how come the quantum,

odakle kvantno,

how come the universe, how come existence?"

odakle univerzum, odakle postojanje?''

And my friend Martin Amis —

A moj prijatelj Martin Amis -

sorry that I'll be doing a lot of name-dropping in this talk,

izvinjavam se što pominjem toliko imena,

so get used to it —

moraćete da se naviknete -

my dear friend Martin Amis once said

moj dobar prijatelj Martin Amis je jednom prilikom rekao

that we're about five Einsteins away from answering

da nam fali nekih pet Ajnštajna

the mystery of where the universe came from.

da odgonetnemo tajnu porekla univerzuma.

And I've no doubt there are five Einsteins

Ne sumnjam da večeras u publici

in the audience tonight.

imamo pet Ajnštajna. Ima li koji Ajnštajn?

Any Einsteins? Show of hands? No? No? No?

Podignite ruke. Ne? Ne? Ne?

No Einsteins? Okay.

Nema Ajnštajna? OK.

So this question, why is there something rather than nothing,

To uzvišeno pitanje, zašto postoji nešto, a ne ništa,

this sublime question, was posed rather late

smo postavili u prilično kasnom periodu

in intellectual history.

razvoja ljudske misli.

It was towards the end of the 17th century,

Postavio ga je filozof Lajbnic

the philosopher Leibniz who asked it,

krajem 17-og veka;

a very smart guy, Leibniz,

Lajbnic je bio prilično pametan tip,

who invented the calculus

izmislio je diferencijalni račun

independently of Isaac Newton, at about the same time,

nezavisno od Isaka Njutna, otprilike u isto vreme,

but for Leibniz, who asked why is there something rather than nothing,

i za Lajbnica to što postoji nešto, a ne ništa

this was not a great mystery.

i nije bila neka misterija.

He either was or pretended to be

U svom pogledu na metafiziku je bio,

an Orthodox Christian in his metaphysical outlook,

ili se pretvarao da je, pravoslavni hrišćanin,

and he said it's obvious why the world exists:

tako da mu je bilo očito zašto svet postoji:

because God created it.

Bog ga je stvorio.

And God created, indeed, out of nothing at all.

Bog ga je zapravo stvorio iz ništavila.

That's how powerful God is.

Tolika je božija moć.

He doesn't need any preexisting materials to fashion a world out of.

Nije mu trebao polazni materijal da bi stvorio svet.

He can make it out of sheer nothingness,

Mogao je da ga stvori ni iz čega -

creation ex nihilo.

stvaranje ex nihilo.

And by the way, this is what

Uzgred, u to danas

most Americans today believe.

veruje većina Amerikanaca.

There is no mystery of existence for them.

Za njih nema misterije postojanja.

God made it.

Bog je sve napravio.

So let's put this in an equation.

Hajde da to stavimo u jednačinu.

I don't have any slides so I'm going to mime my visuals,

Nisam poneo slajdove pa moram da pokažem pantomimom.

so use your imaginations.

Upotrebite maštu.

So it's God + nothing = the world.

Dakle, Bog + ništa = svet.

Okay? Now that's the equation.

Važi? Dakle, to je jednačina.

And so maybe you don't believe in God.

Ali možda ne verujete u Boga.

Maybe you're a scientific atheist

Možda ste ateisti okrenuti nauci,

or an unscientific atheist, and you don't believe in God,

ili niste okrenuti nauci ali ste opet ateisti i ne verujete u boga,

and you're not happy with it.

i ovo vam ne odgovara.

By the way, even if we have this equation,

Uzgred, čak i ako verujete u jednačinu

God + nothing = the world,

da Bog + ništa = svet,

there's already a problem:

opet postoji problem:

Why does God exist?

zašto Bog postoji?

God doesn't exist by logic alone

Bog ne postoji samo zato što to ima smisla,

unless you believe the ontological argument,

sem ako verujete u ontološke tvrdnje,

and I hope you don't, because it's not a good argument.

a nadam se da nije tako jer one nemaju smisla.

So it's conceivable, if God were to exist,

Tako da je moguće da se Bog, ukoliko postoji,

he might wonder, I'm eternal, I'm all-powerful,

pita: ,,Beskonačan sam, beskrajno moćan,

but where did I come from?

ali kako sam nastao?

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Whence then am I?

Kako bejah stvoren?''

God speaks in a more formal English.

Bog prića malo formalnijim jezikom.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

And so one theory is that God was so bored with

Jedna od teorija tvrdi da je Bogu dosadilo da pokušava

pondering the puzzle of His own existence

da reši tajnu svog postojanja,

that He created the world just to distract himself.

pa je stvorio svet da bi se zabavio.

But anyway, let's forget about God.

Ali, hajde da zaboravimo na Boga.

Take God out of the equation: We have

Ako izbacimo Boga

________ + nothing = the world.

dobijamo: ________ + ništa = svet.

Now, if you're a Buddhist,

Ako ste budista,

you might want to stop right there,

to vam je dovoljno,

because essentially what you've got is

ali u suštini dobijamo

nothing = the world,

da je ništa = svet,

and by symmetry of identity, that means

i zbog simetrije jednakosti,

the world = nothing. Okay?

znači da je svet = ništa. OK?

And to a Buddhist, the world is just a whole lot of nothing.

Za budiste svet i jeste jedno veliko ništa.

It's just a big cosmic vacuity.

Samo jedna velika kosmička praznina.

And we think there's a lot of something out there

Nama se čini da ima svega i svačega

but that's because we're enslaved by our desires.

zbog toga što smo robovi svojih požuda.

If we let our desires melt away,

Ako se otarasimo požuda,

we'll see the world for what it truly is,

videćemo da je svet zapravo

a vacuity, nothingness,

praznina, ništavilo,

and we'll slip into this happy state of nirvana

i upašćemo u srećno stanje nirvane,

which has been defined as having

koju su definisali kao

just enough life to enjoy being dead. (Laughter)

taman dovoljno života da uživamo u smrti. (Smeh)

So that's the Buddhist thinking.

Tako razmišljaju budisti.

But I'm a Westerner, and I'm still concerned

Ali ja sam zapadnjak i još uvek me zanima

with the puzzle of existence, so I've got

tajna mog postojanja, tako da mi ostaje

________ + —

________ + -

this is going to get serious in a minute, so —

samo što nije postalo ozbljno -

________ + nothing = the world.

dakle, ________ + ništa = svet.

What are we going to put in that blank?

Šta da stavimo

Well, how about science?

na prazno mesto? Recimo. nauku?

Science is our best guide to the nature of reality,

Nauka nam najbolje otkriva prirodu stvarnosti,

and the most fundamental science is physics.

a fizika je najosnovnija nauka.

That tells us what naked reality really is,

Ona nam otkriva pravu prirodu stvarnosti,

that reveals what I call TAUFOTU,

ono što sam nazvao PIJSDS,

the True And Ultimate Furniture Of The Universe.

Prave I Jedine Sastavne Delove Svemira.

So maybe physics can fill this blank,

Znači da bi fizika mogla da popuni tu prazninu,

and indeed, since about the late 1960s or around 1970,

i zaista, od kraja 60-ih ili negde oko 1970,

physicists have purported to give

fizičari pokušavaju da daju

a purely scientific explanation of how

čisto naučno objašnjenje

a universe like ours could have popped into existence

načina na koji je univerzum mogao

out of sheer nothingness,

da nastane iz ništavila,

a quantum fluctuation out of the void.

kvantni talas iz praznine.

Stephen Hawking is one of these physicists,

Stiven Hoking je jedan od tih fizičara,

more recently Alex Vilenkin,

u skorije vreme i Aleks Vilenkin,

and the whole thing has been popularized

a sve ovo je učinio poznatim

by another very fine physicist and friend of mine,

još jedan vrstan fizičar i moj prijatelj,

Lawrence Krauss, who wrote a book called

Lorens Kraus, koji je napisao knjigu

"A Universe from Nothing,"

pod nazivom ,,Svemir ni iz čega'',

and Lawrence thinks that he's given —

i smatra da je objasnio -

he's a militant atheist, by the way,

Lorens je inače militantni ateista,

so he's gotten God out of the picture.

tako da je uklonio Boga iz priče.

The laws of quantum field theory,

Zakoni teorije kvantnih polja, najnoviji iskorak

the state-of-the-art physics, can show how

u fizici, su u stanju da pokažu

out of sheer nothingness,

kako iz čistog ništavila -

no space, no time, no matter, nothing,

ni prostora, ni vremena, ni materije, ničega -

a little nugget of false vacuum

može da se stvori

can fluctuate into existence,

zrnce lažnog vakuuma,

and then, by the miracle of inflation,

koje se zatim, putem čuda inflacije,

blow up into this huge and variegated cosmos

razvije u taj ogroman i raznoliki kosmos

we see around us.

koji nas okružuje.

Okay, this is a really ingenious scenario.

U pitanju je stvarno genijalan scenario.

It's very speculative. It's fascinating.

Teorijske je prirode. Fascinantan.

But I've got a big problem with it,

Ali mi kod njega

and the problem is this:

smeta sledeće:

It's a pseudo-religious point of view.

gleda na svet poput religije.

Now, Lawrence thinks he's an atheist,

Iako Lorens smatra da je ateista,

but he's still in thrall to a religious worldview.

i dalje se drži religijskog pogleda na svet.

He sees physical laws as being like divine commands.

Za njega su zakoni fizike kao božije zapovesti.

The laws of quantum field theory for him

Zakon teorije kvantnih polja za njega

are like fiat lux, "Let there be light."

predstavljaju "fiat lux", ,,Neka bude svetlost''.

The laws have some sort of ontological power or clout

Zakoni imaju nekakvu ontološku moć

that they can form the abyss,

kojom prazninu mogu

that it's pregnant with being.

da ispune bićem.

They can call a world into existence out of nothing.

Mogu da stvore svet ni iz čega.

But that's a very primitive view of what

Ali to je prilično primitivno gledište

a physical law is, right?

na zakone fizike, zar ne?

We know that physical laws are actually

Znamo da zakoni fizike predstavljaju

generalized descriptions of patterns and regularities

uopštene opise ponavljanja i pravilnosti

in the world.

u svetu.

They don't exist outside the world.

Ne postoje van granica sveta.

They don't have any ontic cloud of their own.

Nemaju nikakvu sopstvenu ontološku moć.

They can't call a world into existence

Nisu u stanju da stvore

out of nothingness.

svet iz ništavila.

That's a very primitive view

To je veoma primitivno gledište

of what a scientific law is.

na naučne zakone.

And if you don't believe me on this,

Ako mi ne verujete,

listen to Stephen Hawking,

poslušajte Stivena Hokinga.

who himself put forward a model of the cosmos

I on je predložio model kosmosa koji je

that was self-contained,

sam sebi dovoljan -

didn't require any outside cause, any creator,

nije mu potreban nikakav spoljni uzrok, nikakav tvorac -

and after proposing this,

i nakon što je to predložio,

Hawking admitted that he was still puzzled.

Hoking je priznao da je i dalje u zabuni.

He said, this model is just equations.

Rekao je da model čine samo jednačine.

What breathes fire into the equations

Ali šta jednačinama udahne život

and creates a world for them to describe?

i stvori svet koji opisuju?

He was puzzled by this,

Bunilo ga je što

so equations themselves can't do the magic,

same jednačine nisu dovoljne

can't resolve the puzzle of existence.

da odgonetnu tajnu postojanja.

And besides, even if the laws could do that,

Uostalom, čak i da su zakoni fizike u stanju to da učine,

why this set of laws?

zašto baš ovaj skup zakona?

Why quantum field theory that describes

Zašto baš teorija kvantnih polja koja govori

a universe with a certain number of forces

da univerzum ima određeni broj sila

and particles and so forth?

i čestica itd.?

Why not a completely different set of laws?

Zašto ne neki potpuno drugačiji skup zakona?

There are many, many mathematically consistent sets of laws.

Postoje mnogi dosledni skupovi zakona.

Why not no laws at all? Why not sheer nothingness?

Zašto ne odsustvo zakona? Zašto ne ništavilo?

So this is a problem, believe it or not,

Verovali ili ne,

that reflective physicists really think a lot about,

fizičari dosta razmišljaju o ovom problemu,

and at this point they tend to go metaphysical,

i tu već zalaze u metafiziku

say, well, maybe the set of laws

i kažu da je možda skup zakona

that describes our universe,

koji opisuje naš univerzum

it's just one set of laws

samo jedan od niza skupova zakona

and it describes one part of reality,

i da opisuje samo jedan deo stvarnosti,

but maybe every consistent set of laws

ali možda svaki dosledan skup zakona

describes another part of reality,

opisuje neki drugi deo stvarnosti,

and in fact all possible physical worlds

i da tamo negde zapravo

really exist, they're all out there.

i postoje svi mogući fizički svetovi.

We just see a little tiny part of reality

A mi vidimo samo mali deo stvarnosti

that's described by the laws of quantum field theory,

koji opisuju zakoni teorije kvantnih polja,

but there are many, many other worlds,

ali postoje mnogi drugi svetovi,

parts of reality that are described

delovi stvarnosti koje opisuju

by vastly different theories

sasvim drugačije teorije,

that are different from ours in ways we can't imagine,

nezamislivo drugačiji od našeg,

that are inconceivably exotic.

nezamislivo egzotični.

Steven Weinberg, the father

Stiven Vajnberg, tvorac

of the standard model of particle physics,

standardnog modela fizike čestica,

has actually flirted with this idea himself,

je i sam uzeo u obzir ovu teoriju,

that all possible realities actually exist.

da sve moguće stvarnosti zaista postoje.

Also, a younger physicist, Max Tegmark,

I jedan mlađi fizičar, Maks Tegmark,

who believes that all mathematical structures exist,

smatra da postoje sve matematičke strukture,

and mathematical existence is the same thing

a pošto sve što postoji u matematici

as physical existence,

postoji i u stvarnosti,

so we have this vastly rich multiverse

znači da postoji izuzetno bogat multiverzum

that encompasses every logical possibility.

koji obuhvata svaku logičnu mogućnost.

Now, in taking this metaphysical way out,

Ovakvim begom u metafiziku

these physicists and also philosophers are actually

fizičari i filozofi se zapravo

reaching back to a very old idea

pozivaju na veoma staru ideju,

that goes back to Plato.

koja potiče od Platona.

It's the principle of plenitude or fecundity,

Radi se o principu obilja,

or the great chain of being,

ili lestvici prirode,

that reality is actually as full as possible.

da stvarnost sadrži sve što je moguće.

It's as far removed from nothingness

Najdalje je što može

as it could possibly be.

biti od ništavila.

So we have these two extremes now.

Sada imamo dve krajnosti.

We have sheer nothingness on one side,

Sa jedne strane imamo ništavilo,

and we have this vision of a reality

a sa druge imamo viđenje stvarnosti

that encompasses every conceivable world

koje obuhvata sve zamislive svetove:

at the other extreme: the fullest possible reality,

najpotpuniju moguću stvarnost

nothingness, the simplest possible reality.

i ništavilo kao najjednostavniju moguću stvarnost.

Now what's in between these two extremes?

Ali šta se nalazi između te dve krajnosti?

There are all kinds of intermediate realities

Postoje razne međustvarnosti,

that include some things and leave out others.

koje obuhvataju neke stvari, a neke ne.

So one of these intermediate realities

Jedna od tih međustvarnosti

is, say, the most mathematically elegant reality,

bi bila, recimo, matematički najelegantnija stvarnost,

that leaves out the inelegant bits,

koja isključuje sve što

the ugly asymmetries and so forth.

nije elegantno, sve ružne asimetrije i tome slično.

Now, there are some physicists who will tell you

Neki fizičari tvrde

that we're actually living in the most elegant reality.

da i živimo u najelegantnijoj stvarnosti,

I think that Brian Greene is in the audience,

Čini mi se da je Brajan Grin u publici.

and he has written a book called "The Elegant Universe."

On je napisao knjigu pod nazivom ,,Elegantni Univerzum''.

He claims that the universe we live in mathematically

Tvrdi da je univerzum u kom živimo

is very elegant.

matematički veoma elegantan.

Don't believe him. (Laughter)

Ne verujte mu. (Smeh)

It's a pious hope, I wish it were true,

Lepa je želja, i ja bih to voleo,

but I think the other day he admitted to me

ali mi se čini da je neki dan priznao

it's really an ugly universe.

da je univerzum prilično ružan.

It's stupidly constructed,

Glupo je osmišljen,

it's got way too many arbitrary coupling constants

ima previše nasumičnih parnih konstanti

and mass ratios

i odnosa masa,

and superfluous families of elementary particles,

nepotrebnih grupa elementarnih čestica,

and what the hell is dark energy?

a šta je uopšte tamna energija?

It's a stick and bubble gum contraption.

Napravljen je od štapa i kanapa.

It's not an elegant universe. (Laughter)

Uopšte nije elegantan. (Smeh)

And then there's the best of all possible worlds

Takođe postoji i najbolji od svih svetova

in an ethical sense.

u etičkom smislu.

You should get solemn now,

Sad se uozbiljite,

because a world in which sentient beings

jer je ovo svet u kom svesna bića

don't suffer needlessly,

ne pate bez potrebe,

in which there aren't things like

u kom ne postoje

childhood cancer or the Holocaust.

deca obolela od raka ili Holokaust.

This is an ethical conception.

Takvo je etičko poimanje.

Anyway, so between nothingness

U svakom slučaju, između ništavila

and the fullest possible reality,

i najpotpunije stvarnosti postoje

various special realities.

razne posebne stvarnosti.

Nothingness is special. It's the simplest.

Ništavilo je posebno jer je najjednostavnije.

Then there's the most elegant possible reality.

Zatim postoji najelegantnija moguća stvarnost.

That's special.

I ona je posebna.

The fullest possible reality, that's special.

I najpotpunija moguća stvarnost je posebna.

But what are we leaving out here?

Šta smo onda propustili?

There's also just the crummy,

Postoje i bezvezne,

generic realities

obične stvarnosti

that aren't special in any way,

koje ni po čemu nisu posebne,

that are sort of random.

jednostavno su nasumične.

They're infinitely removed from nothingness,

Beskrajno su daleko od ništavila,

but they fall infinitely short of complete fullness.

ali nisu ni blizu potpunosti.

They're a mixture of chaos and order,

Mešavina su haosa i reda,

of mathematical elegance and ugliness.

matematičke elegancije i ružnoće.

So I would describe these realities

Ovakve stvarnosti bih opisao

as an infinite, mediocre, incomplete mess,

kao beskrajan, osrednji, nepotpun rusvaj,

a generic reality, a kind of cosmic junk shot.

prosečnu stvarnost, kosmičku nemoguću misiju.

And these realities,

Ima li onda božanstva

is there a deity in any of these realities?

u nekoj od ovih stvarnosti?

Maybe, but the deity isn't perfect

Moguće, ali ono nije savršeno

like the Judeo-Christian deity.

poput judeo-hrišćanskog božanstva.

The deity isn't all-good and all-powerful.

To božanstvo nije dobronamerno i svemoguće.

It might be instead 100 percent malevolent

Možda je 100% zlonamerno,

but only 80 percent effective,

ali samo 80% delotvorno.

which pretty much describes the world we see around us, I think. (Laughter)

Čini mi se da to u suštini opisuje svet oko nas. (Smeh)

So I would like to propose that the resolution

Zbog toga predlažem da je rešenje

to the mystery of existence

misterije postojanja

is that the reality we exist in

to da je stvarnost u kojoj živimo

is one of these generic realities.

jedna od ovih običnih stvarnosti.

Reality has to turn out some way.

Stvarnost mora da bude nekakva.

It can either turn out to be nothing

Može ili da ne sadrži ništa,

or everything or something in between.

ili sve, ili nešto između.

So if it has some special feature,

Ukoliko ima neku posebnu odliku,

like being really elegant or really full

na primer da je veoma elegantna ili potpuna

or really simple, like nothingness,

ili jednostavna poput ništavila,

that would require an explanation.

tako nešto bi zahtevalo objašnjenje.

But if it's just one of these random, generic realities,

Ali ako je jedna od ovih nasumičnih, običnih stvarnosti,

there's no further explanation for it.

za nju nema objašnjenja.

And indeed, I would say

I zaista bih rekao

that's the reality we live in.

da živimo u takvoj stvarnosti.

That's what science is telling us.

Tako nam bar govori nauka.

At the beginning of the week,

Početkom nedelje smo

we got the exciting information that

primili uzbudljive vesti. Radi se

the theory of inflation, which predicts a big,

o teoriji inflacije, koja predviđa beskrajnu,

infinite, messy, arbitrary, pointless reality,

neurednu, nasumičnu, besmislenu stvarnost,

it's like a big frothing champagne

poput penušavog šampanjca

coming out of a bottle endlessly,

koji beskrajno izvire iz boce.

a vast universe, mostly a wasteland

Ogroman univerzum, mahom pust,

with little pockets of charm and order and peace,

sa kutcima punim lepote i reda i mira.

this has been confirmed,

Ovaj scenario inflacije je potvrđen

this inflationary scenario, by the observations

tako što su radio-teleskopi na Antarktiku

made by radio telescopes in Antarctica

opazili tragove

that looked at the signature of the gravitational waves

gravitacionih talasa nastalih neposredno

from just before the Big Bang.

pre Velikog praska.

I'm sure you all know about this.

Siguran sam da ste čuli za to.

So anyway, I think there's some evidence

Svakako mi se čini da postoje dokazi

that this really is the reality that we're stuck with.

da smo završili sa takvom stvarnosšću.

Now, why should you care?

E sad, zašto bi vas za to bilo briga?

Well — (Laughter) —

Pa - (Smeh) -

the question, "Why does the world exist?"

to pitanje, ,,Zašto svet postoji?''

that's the cosmic question, it sort of rhymes

to glavno pitanje se skoro rimuje

with a more intimate question:

sa mnogo intimnijim pitanjem:

Why do I exist? Why do you exist?

Zašto ja postojim? Zašto vi postojite?

you know, our existence would seem to be amazingly improbable,

Znate, to što postojimo je prilično neverovatno,

because there's an enormous number of genetically possible humans,

jer prema genetici postoji ogroman broj mogućih ljudi

if you can compute it by looking at

ukoliko se izračuna u odnosu

the number of the genes and the number of alleles and so forth,

na broj gena i alela i tako dalje.

and a back-of-the-envelope calculation will tell you

Grub proračun pokazuje

there are about 10 to the 10,000th

da po genetici postoji

possible humans, genetically.

oko 10 na 10.000-ti mogućih ljudi.

That's between a googol and a googolplex.

To je negde između gugola i gugolpleksa.

And the number of the actual humans that have existed

A broj ljudi koji su zaista

is 100 billion, maybe 50 billion,

postojali je između 50 i 100 milijardi,

an infinitesimal fraction, so all of us,

zanemarljiv deo, tako da smo

we've won this amazing cosmic lottery.

svi dobili kosmičku lutriju.

We're here. Okay.

Tu smo. Dobro.

So what kind of reality do we want to live in?

U kakvoj onda stvarnosti želimo da živimo?

Do we want to live in a special reality?

Je li to neka od posebnih stvarnosti?

What if we were living in the most elegant possible reality?

Šta bi bilo da živimo u najelegantijoj mogućoj stvarnosti?

Imagine the existential pressure on us

Zamislite egzstencijalni pritisak

to live up to that, to be elegant,

da ispunimo očekivanja, da budemo

not to pull down the tone of it.

elegantni, da ne kvarimo prosek.

Or, what if we were living in the fullest possible reality?

Ili, šta bi bilo da živimo u najpotpunijoj mogućoj stvarnosti?

Well then our existence would be guaranteed,

Onda bi zasigurno postojali

because every possible thing

jer u toj stvarnosti

exists in that reality,

postoji sve što je moguće,

but our choices would be meaningless.

ali bi naši izbori bili beznačajni.

If I really struggle morally and agonize

Ako se patim da postupim moralno

and I decide to do the right thing,

i odlučim da učinim pravu stvar,

what difference does it make,

nema nikakve veze

because there are an infinite number

jer postoji beskrajan broj

of versions of me

verzija mene koje

also doing the right thing

takođe postupaju ispravno

and an infinite number doing the wrong thing.

i beskrajan broj onih koje postupaju

So my choices are meaningless.

pogrešno. Znači da su izbori koje

So we don't want to live in that special reality.

pravim beznačajni. Dakle, ne želimo da živimo

And as for the special reality of nothingness,

u takvoj posebnoj stvarnosti. Što se tiče ništavila,

we wouldn't be having this conversation.

u tom slučaju ne bismo sad razgovarali.

So I think living in a generic reality that's mediocre,

Tako da mislim da život u običnoj stvarnosti koja je osrednja,

there are nasty bits and nice bits

sa dobrim i lošim delovima,

and we could make the nice bits bigger

gde bi povećali dobre delove

and the nasty bits smaller

i smanjili loše,

and that gives us a kind of purpose in life.

to bi moglo da da neku svrhu našem životu.

The universe is absurd,

Univerzum je apsurdan,

but we can still construct a purpose,

ali opet možemo da mu damo svrhu,

and that's a pretty good one,

a ova nije loša,

and the overall mediocrity of reality

a i opšta osrednjost stvarnosti

kind of resonates nicely with the mediocrity

ide rame uz rame sa osrednjosti

we all feel in the core of our being.

koju osećamo u sebi.

And I know you feel it.

Znam da je osećate.

I know you're all special,

Znam da ste svi

but you're still kind of secretly mediocre,

posebni, ali ste opet potajno osrednji,

don't you think?

zar ne?

(Laughter) (Applause)

(Smeh) (Aplauz)

So anyway, you may say, this puzzle, the mystery of existence,

Sad možda mislite da je sva ta priča o tajni postojanja

it's just silly mystery-mongering.

samo prodavanje magle.

You're not astonished at the existence of the universe

Ne čudi vas postojanje univerzuma,

and you're in good company.

i tu ste u dobrom društvu.

Bertrand Russell said,

Bertrand Rasel je izjavio:

"I should say the universe is just there, and that's all."

,,Rekao bih da svemir postoji, i to je to.''

Just a brute fact.

Jednostavna činjenica.

And my professor at Columbia, Sidney Morgenbesser,

Sidni Morgenbeser, koji mi je predavao na univerzitetu

a great philosophical wag,

Kolumbija, veliki filozof,

when I said to him, "Professor Morgenbesser,

je na pitanje: ,,Profesore

why is there something rather than nothing?"

Morgenbeser, zašto postoji nešto, a ne ništa?''

And he said, "Oh, even if there was nothing,

odgovorio: ,,Pa i da ne postoji ništa,

you still wouldn't be satisfied."

opet vam ne bi bilo po volji.''

So — (Laughter) — okay.

Znači - (Smeh) - OK.

So you're not astonished. I don't care.

Znači niste zapanjeni. Baš me briga.

But I will tell you something to conclude

Ali ću vam za kraj reći nešto

that I guarantee you will astonish you,

što če vas sigurno zapanjiti,

because it's astonished all of the brilliant,

jer je zapanjilo sve genijalne, divne ljude

wonderful people I've met at this TED conference,

koje sam upoznao na ovoj konferenciji,

when I've told them, and it's this:

a to je sledeće:

Never in my life have I had a cell phone.

Nikad u životu nisam imao mobilni telefon.

Thank you.

Hvala na pažnji.

(Laughter) (Applause)

(Smeh) (Aplauz)