Why does the universe exist? | Jim Holt | TED

Prevoditelj: Anita Cavrag Recezent: Ivan Stamenković

Why does the universe exist?

Zašto postoji svemir?

Why is there — Okay. Okay. (Laughter)

Zašto postoji — U redu. U redu. (Smijeh)

This is a cosmic mystery. Be solemn.

To je kozmički misterij. Imajte poštovanja.

Why is there a world, why are we in it,

Zašto postoji svijet, zašto smo mi u njemu

and why is there something rather than nothing at all?

te zašto postoji nešto umjesto ničega?

I mean, this is the super ultimate "why" question?

Mislim, to je najultimativnije "zašto" pitanje.

So I'm going to talk about the mystery of existence,

Govorit ću o misteriju postojanja,

the puzzle of existence,

o zagonetki postojanja,

where we are now in addressing it,

gdje smo sada u njenom rješavanju

and why you should care,

te zašto vam treba biti stalo,

and I hope you do care.

i nadam se da vam je stalo.

The philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer said that

Filozof Arthur Schopenhauer je rekao

those who don't wonder about the contingency of their existence,

da su oni koji ne propituju mogućnost svog postojanja,

of the contingency of the world's existence,

ili mogućnost postojanja svijeta,

are mentally deficient.

mentalno zaostali.

That's a little harsh, but still. (Laughter)

To je malo prestrogo, ali ipak. (Smijeh)

So this has been called the most sublime

Ovo se smatra najuzvišenijim

and awesome mystery,

i najimpresivnijim misterijem,

the deepest and most far-reaching question

najdubljim i najdalekosežnijim pitanjem

man can pose.

koje čovjek može postaviti.

It's obsessed great thinkers.

Opsjedalo je velike mislioce.

Ludwig Wittgenstein, perhaps the greatest

Ludwig Wittgenstein, vjerojatno najveći

philosopher of the 20th century,

filozof 20. stoljeća,

was astonished that there should be a world at all.

bio je zapanjen time što svijet uopće postoji.

He wrote in his "Tractatus," Proposition 4.66,

Napisao je u svom "Traktatu", propozicija 4.66,

"It is not how things are in the world

"Nije kakve su stvari na svijetu

that is the mystical,

ono što je mistično,

it's that the world exists."

već to što svijet postoji."

And if you don't like taking your epigrams

Ako vam se ne sviđaju epigrami

from a philosopher, try a scientist.

filozofa, pokušajte sa znanstvenicima.

John Archibald Wheeler,

John Archibald Wheeler, one of the great physicists

jedan od velikih fizičara 20. stoljeća

of the 20th century,

učitelj Richarda Feynmana,

the teacher of Richard Feynman,

the coiner of the term "black hole,"

autor pojma "crna rupa",

he said, "I want to know

rekao je "Želim znati

how come the quantum,

odakle kvant,

how come the universe, how come existence?"

odakle svemir, odakle postojanje?"

And my friend Martin Amis —

I moj prijatelj Martin Amis —

sorry that I'll be doing a lot of name-dropping in this talk,

ispričavam se na mnogim prozivanjima u ovom govoru,

so get used to it —

pa se naviknite —

my dear friend Martin Amis once said

moj dragi prijatelj Martin Amis jednom je rekao

that we're about five Einsteins away from answering

da smo otprilike pet Einsteina od odgovora

the mystery of where the universe came from.

na misterij o porijeklu svemira.

And I've no doubt there are five Einsteins

A ja ne sumnjam da je ovdje pet Einsteina

in the audience tonight.

u publici večeras.

Any Einsteins? Show of hands? No? No? No?

Ima li Einsteina? Dignite ruke. Ne? Ne? Ne?

No Einsteins? Okay.

Nema Einsteina? U redu.

So this question, why is there something rather than nothing,

Dakle to pitanje, zašto postoji nešto umjesto ničega,

this sublime question, was posed rather late

ovo uzvišeno pitanje, postavljeno je dosta kasno

in intellectual history.

u intelektualnoj povijesti.

It was towards the end of the 17th century,

Bilo je to krajem 17. stoljeća,

the philosopher Leibniz who asked it,

kada je filozof Leibniz pitao,

a very smart guy, Leibniz,

jako pametan čovjek, Leibniz,

who invented the calculus

koji je izumio kalkulus

independently of Isaac Newton, at about the same time,

neovisno o Isaacu Newtonu u otprilike isto vrijeme,

but for Leibniz, who asked why is there something rather than nothing,

ali za Leibniza koji je pitao zašto postoji nešto umjesto ničega,

this was not a great mystery.

to nije bio velik misterij.

He either was or pretended to be

On je ili bio ili se pretvarao da je

an Orthodox Christian in his metaphysical outlook,

ortodoksni kršćanin u svom metafizičkom pogledu

and he said it's obvious why the world exists:

te je rekao da je očito zašto svijet postoji:

because God created it.

jer ga je Bog stvorio.

And God created, indeed, out of nothing at all.

I Bog ga je stvorio, uistinu, iz ničega.

That's how powerful God is.

Eto kako je Bog moćan.

He doesn't need any preexisting materials to fashion a world out of.

On ne treba nikakve već postojeće materijale da bi od njih kreirao svijet.

He can make it out of sheer nothingness,

On ga može stvoriti iz čiste ništice,

creation ex nihilo.

kreacija ex nihilo.

And by the way, this is what

I usput,

most Americans today believe.

to je ono što danas većina Amerikanaca vjeruje.

There is no mystery of existence for them.

Za njih nema misterija postojanja.

God made it.

Bog ga je stvorio.

So let's put this in an equation.

Pa stavimo to u jednadžbu.

I don't have any slides so I'm going to mime my visuals,

Nemam nikakve slajdove, pa ću je rukama pokazati,

so use your imaginations.

pa koristite maštu.

So it's God + nothing = the world.

Dakle, Bog + ništa = svijet.

Okay? Now that's the equation.

U redu? Dakle, to je jednadžba.

And so maybe you don't believe in God.

I tako vi možda ne vjerujete u Boga.

Maybe you're a scientific atheist

Možda ste znanstveni ateist

or an unscientific atheist, and you don't believe in God,

ili neznanstveni ateist, i ne vjerujete u Boga,

and you're not happy with it.

i niste sretni s tim.

By the way, even if we have this equation,

Usput, čak i ako imamo ovu jednadžbu,

God + nothing = the world,

Bog + ništa = svijet,

there's already a problem:

već imamo problem:

Why does God exist?

Zašto Bog postoji?

God doesn't exist by logic alone

Bog ne postoji samo zbog logike stvari,

unless you believe the ontological argument,

osim ako ne vjerujete u ontološki argument,

and I hope you don't, because it's not a good argument.

a nadam se da ne vjerujete, jer to nije dobar argument.

So it's conceivable, if God were to exist,

Stoga možemo zamisliti, ako postoji Bog,

he might wonder, I'm eternal, I'm all-powerful,

da se on možda pita: ja sam vječan, ja sam svemoguć,

but where did I come from?

ali odakle sam ja došao?

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Whence then am I?

Odakle sam onda ja?

God speaks in a more formal English.

Bog priča malo formalnijim jezikom.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

And so one theory is that God was so bored with

I tako, jedna od teorija jest da je Bogu dosadilo

pondering the puzzle of His own existence

razmišljati o zagonetki vlastitog postojanja

that He created the world just to distract himself.

da je stvorio svijet samo da bi si odvukao pažnju.

But anyway, let's forget about God.

Ali kako bilo, zaboravimo na Boga.

Take God out of the equation: We have

Izbacimo Boga iz jednadžbe: imamo

________ + nothing = the world.

___________ + ništa = svijet.

Now, if you're a Buddhist,

Ako ste Budist,

you might want to stop right there,

možda se želite ovdje zaustaviti,

because essentially what you've got is

jer ono što u biti imate je

nothing = the world,

ništa = svijet,

and by symmetry of identity, that means

i po simetriji identiteta, to znači da

the world = nothing. Okay?

svijet = ništa. U redu?

And to a Buddhist, the world is just a whole lot of nothing.

A Budistu je svijet samo jedno veliko ništa.

It's just a big cosmic vacuity.

On je samo jedna velika kozmička praznina.

And we think there's a lot of something out there

I mi mislimo da tamo ima puno nečega,

but that's because we're enslaved by our desires.

ali to je zato jer smo zarobljeni vlastitim željama.

If we let our desires melt away,

Ako pustimo svoje želje da se otope,

we'll see the world for what it truly is,

vidjet ćemo svijet kakvim uistinu jest,

a vacuity, nothingness,

praznina, ništavilo,

and we'll slip into this happy state of nirvana

i ući ćemo u sretno stanje nirvane

which has been defined as having

koje se definira kao

just enough life to enjoy being dead. (Laughter)

taman toliko života da uživamo biti mrtvi. (Smijeh)

So that's the Buddhist thinking.

Dakle, to je budističko razmišljanje.

But I'm a Westerner, and I'm still concerned

Ali ja sam zapadnjak i mene još uvijek brine

with the puzzle of existence, so I've got

zagonetka postojanja te imamo

________ + —

__________ + —

this is going to get serious in a minute, so —

ovo će postati ozbiljno za minutu, dakle —

________ + nothing = the world.

__________ + ništa = svijet.

What are we going to put in that blank?

Što ćemo staviti na tu praznu crtu?

Well, how about science?

Pa, što je sa znanošću?

Science is our best guide to the nature of reality,

Znanost je naš najbolji vodič za prirodu stvarnosti,

and the most fundamental science is physics.

a najfundamentalnija znanost je fizika.

That tells us what naked reality really is,

Ona nam govori što je gola stvarnost,

that reveals what I call TAUFOTU,

ona nam otkriva ono što ja zovem PUNS,

the True And Ultimate Furniture Of The Universe.

Pravi i Ultimativni Namještaj Svemira.

So maybe physics can fill this blank,

Stoga možda fizika može popuniti tu prazninu

and indeed, since about the late 1960s or around 1970,

i zaista, od otprilike kasnih 60-ih ili oko 1970.,

physicists have purported to give

fizičari su tvrdili da imaju

a purely scientific explanation of how

čisto znanstveno objašnjenje toga

a universe like ours could have popped into existence

kako je svemir poput našeg mogao nastati

out of sheer nothingness,

iz običnog ničega,

a quantum fluctuation out of the void.

kvantna fluktuacija iz praznine.

Stephen Hawking is one of these physicists,

Stephen Hawking jedan je od takvih fizičara,

more recently Alex Vilenkin,

u novije vrijeme Alex Vilenkin,

and the whole thing has been popularized

a cijelu stvar je popularizirao

by another very fine physicist and friend of mine,

jedan drugi vrlo dobar fizičar i moj prijatelj,

Lawrence Krauss, who wrote a book called

Lawrence Krauss, koji je napisao knjigu pod naslovom

"A Universe from Nothing,"

"Svemir iz Ničega",

and Lawrence thinks that he's given —

i Lawrence misli da je uspio —

he's a militant atheist, by the way,

on je borbeni ateist, usput,

so he's gotten God out of the picture.

da je maknuo Boga iz cijele slike.

The laws of quantum field theory,

Zakoni kvantne teorije polja,

the state-of-the-art physics, can show how

najmodernije fizike, mogu pokazati kako

out of sheer nothingness,

iz čistog ništavila,

no space, no time, no matter, nothing,

bez prostora, bez vremena, bez materije, ničega,

a little nugget of false vacuum

mali grumen lažnog vakuuma

can fluctuate into existence,

može prijeći u postojanje,

and then, by the miracle of inflation,

i zatim, uz čudo inflacije,

blow up into this huge and variegated cosmos

eksplodirati u ovaj ogromni i raznobojni kozmos

we see around us.

koji vidimo oko nas.

Okay, this is a really ingenious scenario.

U redu, ovo je stvarno genijalan scenarij.

It's very speculative. It's fascinating.

Jako je spekulativan. Fascinantan je.

But I've got a big problem with it,

Ali imam problem s njim,

and the problem is this:

a problem je sljedeći:

It's a pseudo-religious point of view.

To je pseudo-religiozna točka gledišta.

Now, Lawrence thinks he's an atheist,

Naime, Lawrence misli da je ateist,

but he's still in thrall to a religious worldview.

ali još uvijek je u ropstvu vjerskog svjetonazora.

He sees physical laws as being like divine commands.

On vidi zakone fizike kao božanske zapovijedi.

The laws of quantum field theory for him

Zakoni kvantne teorije polja su njemu

are like fiat lux, "Let there be light."

poput fiat lux, "Neka bude svjetlo".

The laws have some sort of ontological power or clout

Zakoni imaju neku vrstu ontološke moći ili snage

that they can form the abyss,

tako da mogu stvoriti bezdan

that it's pregnant with being.

koji može uroditi postojanjem.

They can call a world into existence out of nothing.

Oni mogu dozvati svijet u postojanje iz ničega.

But that's a very primitive view of what

Ali to je vrlo primitivan pogled

a physical law is, right?

na ono što je zakon fizike, zar ne?

We know that physical laws are actually

Mi znamo da su zakoni fizike usvtari

generalized descriptions of patterns and regularities

generirani opisima obrazaca i pravilnosti

in the world.

u svijetu.

They don't exist outside the world.

Oni ne postoje izvan svijeta.

They don't have any ontic cloud of their own.

Oni nemaju nikakav vlastiti ontički oblak.

They can't call a world into existence

Ne mogu dozvati svijet u postojanje

out of nothingness.

iz ničega.

That's a very primitive view

To je vrlo primitivan pogled

of what a scientific law is.

na ono što je zakon znanosti.

And if you don't believe me on this,

I ako mi ne vjerujete,

listen to Stephen Hawking,

poslušajte Stephena Hawkinga

who himself put forward a model of the cosmos

koji je sam predstavio model svemira

that was self-contained,

koji je samodostatan,

didn't require any outside cause, any creator,

i nije mu potreban nikakav vanjski uzrok, nikakav stvoritelj

and after proposing this,

te nakon njegovog predlaganja,

Hawking admitted that he was still puzzled.

Hawking je priznao da je i dalje zbunjen.

He said, this model is just equations.

Rekao je da je ovaj model samo puno jednadžbi.

What breathes fire into the equations

Što udiše život jednadžbama

and creates a world for them to describe?

i stvara svijet koji one opisuju?

He was puzzled by this,

Bio je zbunjen time,

so equations themselves can't do the magic,

jer same jednadžbe nemaju čarobne moći,

can't resolve the puzzle of existence.

ne mogu riješiti misterij postojanja.

And besides, even if the laws could do that,

A usput, čak i kad bi zakoni to mogli,

why this set of laws?

zašto baš ovaj skup zakona?

Why quantum field theory that describes

Zašto je baš kvantna teorija polja ta koja opisuje

a universe with a certain number of forces

svemir s određenim brojem sila

and particles and so forth?

i čestica i tako dalje?

Why not a completely different set of laws?

Zašto ne potpuno drugačiji skup zakona?

There are many, many mathematically consistent sets of laws.

Postoji jako puno matematički konzistentnih skupova zakona.

Why not no laws at all? Why not sheer nothingness?

Zašto uopće imamo zakone? Zašto tu nije čisto ništavilo?

So this is a problem, believe it or not,

Tako da je to problem, vjerovali ili ne,

that reflective physicists really think a lot about,

o kojem teoretski fizičari puno razmišljaju

and at this point they tend to go metaphysical,

te su u ovom trenutku skloni metafizici,

say, well, maybe the set of laws

primjerice, možda je skup zakona

that describes our universe,

koji opisuje naš svemir

it's just one set of laws

samo jedan skup zakona

and it describes one part of reality,

i opisuje jedan dio realnosti,

but maybe every consistent set of laws

ali možda svaki konzistentni skup zakona

describes another part of reality,

opisuje drugi dio realnosti,

and in fact all possible physical worlds

i možda ustvari svi mogući fizički svjetovi

really exist, they're all out there.

zapravo postoje, svi su tamo negdje.

We just see a little tiny part of reality

Mi samo vidimo jedan mali dio stvarnosti

that's described by the laws of quantum field theory,

koji je opisan zakonima kvantne teorije polja,

but there are many, many other worlds,

ali postoji puno, puno drugih svjetova,

parts of reality that are described

dijelova realnosti koji su opisani

by vastly different theories

pomoću znatno drugačijih teorija

that are different from ours in ways we can't imagine,

koje se razlikuju od naših na načine koje ne možemo zamisliti,

that are inconceivably exotic.

koji su nezamislivo egzotični.

Steven Weinberg, the father

Steven Weinberg, otac

of the standard model of particle physics,

standardnog modela fizike elementarnih čestica,

has actually flirted with this idea himself,

je zapravo sam koketirao s tom idejom

that all possible realities actually exist.

da sve moguće stvarnosti zapravo postoje.

Also, a younger physicist, Max Tegmark,

Također, kao mlađi fizičar, Max Tegmark,

who believes that all mathematical structures exist,

koji vjeruje da sve matematičke strukture postoje,

and mathematical existence is the same thing

a matematičko postojanje je isto što

as physical existence,

i fizičko postojanje,

so we have this vastly rich multiverse

tako da imamo veoma bogati multiverzum

that encompasses every logical possibility.

koji obuhvaća svaku logičku mogućnost.

Now, in taking this metaphysical way out,

Dakle, u prihvaćanju ovog metafizičkog izlaza,

these physicists and also philosophers are actually

ovi fizičari, a također i filozofi ustvari

reaching back to a very old idea

posežu za vrlo starom idejom

that goes back to Plato.

koja potječe od Platona.

It's the principle of plenitude or fecundity,

To je princip punoće ili plodnosti,

or the great chain of being,

ili velikog lanca bića,

that reality is actually as full as possible.

da je realnost zapravo potpuna koliko je to moguće.

It's as far removed from nothingness

Toliko je udaljena od ništavila

as it could possibly be.

koliko uopće može biti.

So we have these two extremes now.

Tako da sada imamo ova dva ekstrema.

We have sheer nothingness on one side,

Imamo čisto ništavilo na jednom kraju

and we have this vision of a reality

i ovu viziju realnosti

that encompasses every conceivable world

koja obuhvaća svaki zamislivi svijet

at the other extreme: the fullest possible reality,

na drugom kraju ekstrema: najpotpunija moguća stvarnost,

nothingness, the simplest possible reality.

ništavilo, najjednostavnija moguća stvarnost.

Now what's in between these two extremes?

A što je između ova dva ekstrema?

There are all kinds of intermediate realities

Postoji puno vrsta srednjih stvarnosti

that include some things and leave out others.

koje uključuju neke stvari, a izostavljaju neke druge.

So one of these intermediate realities

Pa je jedna od tih srednjih stvarnosti

is, say, the most mathematically elegant reality,

recimo, matematički elegantna stvarnost

that leaves out the inelegant bits,

koja izostavlja neelegantne djeliće,

the ugly asymmetries and so forth.

ružne asimetrije i tako dalje.

Now, there are some physicists who will tell you

No, postoje neki fizičari koji će vam reći

that we're actually living in the most elegant reality.

da zapravo živimo u najelegantnijoj stvarnosti.

I think that Brian Greene is in the audience,

Mislim da je Brian Greene u publici,

and he has written a book called "The Elegant Universe."

a on je napisao knjigu pod naslovom "Elegantni Svemir".

He claims that the universe we live in mathematically

On tvrdi da svemir u kojem živimo matematički

is very elegant.

je vrlo elegantan.

Don't believe him. (Laughter)

Ne vjerujte mu. (Smijeh)

It's a pious hope, I wish it were true,

To je pobožna nada, želio bih da je istina,

but I think the other day he admitted to me

ali mislim da mi je neki dan priznao

it's really an ugly universe.

da je ovo ustvari ružan svemir.

It's stupidly constructed,

Glupo je konstruiran,

it's got way too many arbitrary coupling constants

ima previše proizvoljnih konstanti

and mass ratios

i omjera masa

and superfluous families of elementary particles,

i suvišnih skupina elementarnih čestica,

and what the hell is dark energy?

i kog vraga je tamna energija?

It's a stick and bubble gum contraption.

To je jedna sklepana tvorevina.

It's not an elegant universe. (Laughter)

Nije to elegantan svemir. (Smijeh)

And then there's the best of all possible worlds

I onda imamo najbolji od svih mogućih svjetova

in an ethical sense.

u etičkom smislu.

You should get solemn now,

Osjetite svečanost trenutka,

because a world in which sentient beings

jer svijet u kojem razumna bića

don't suffer needlessly,

ne pate bespotrebno,

in which there aren't things like

u kojem nema stvari poput

childhood cancer or the Holocaust.

dječjeg raka ili Holokausta.

This is an ethical conception.

To je etički dizajn.

Anyway, so between nothingness

Kako bilo, dakle između ništavila

and the fullest possible reality,

i najpotpunije moguće stvarnosti,

various special realities.

različite posebne stvarnosti.

Nothingness is special. It's the simplest.

Ništavilo je posebno. Najjednostavnije je.

Then there's the most elegant possible reality.

Pa onda je tu najelegantnija moguća stvarnost.

That's special.

To je posebno.

The fullest possible reality, that's special.

Najpotpunija moguća stvarnost, to je posebno.

But what are we leaving out here?

Ali što izostavljamo?

There's also just the crummy,

Postoje također i bijedne,

generic realities

generične stvarnosti

that aren't special in any way,

koje ni na koji način nisu posebne

that are sort of random.

na neki način su nasumične.

They're infinitely removed from nothingness,

One su beskrajno udaljene od ništavila,

but they fall infinitely short of complete fullness.

ali su beskrajno udaljene i od kompletne punoće.

They're a mixture of chaos and order,

One su mješavina kaosa i reda,

of mathematical elegance and ugliness.

matematičke elegancije i ružnoće.

So I would describe these realities

Tako da bih ja opisao te stvarnosti

as an infinite, mediocre, incomplete mess,

kao beskrajan, osrednji, nepotpun nered,

a generic reality, a kind of cosmic junk shot.

generička stvarnost, vrsta kozmičkog smeća.

And these realities,

Ove stvarnosti,

is there a deity in any of these realities?

postoji li božanstvo u nekoj od ovih stvarnosti?

Maybe, but the deity isn't perfect

Možda, ali to božanstvo nije savršeno

like the Judeo-Christian deity.

kao što je judeokršćansko božanstvo.

The deity isn't all-good and all-powerful.

To božanstvo nije dobrostivo i svemoguće.

It might be instead 100 percent malevolent

Moglo bi ustvari biti 100 posto zlonamjerno

but only 80 percent effective,

ali samo 80 posto uspješno,

which pretty much describes the world we see around us, I think. (Laughter)

što poprilično opisuje svijet koji vidimo oko nas, čini mi se. (Smijeh)

So I would like to propose that the resolution

Pa bih volio predložiti da je rješenje

to the mystery of existence

misterije postojanja

is that the reality we exist in

to da je stvarnost u kojoj postojimo

is one of these generic realities.

jedna od generičnih stvarnosti.

Reality has to turn out some way.

Stvarnost mora poprimiti nekakav oblik.

It can either turn out to be nothing

Može biti ili ništa

or everything or something in between.

ili sve ili nešto između.

So if it has some special feature,

Ako ima nekakvu posebnu značajku,

like being really elegant or really full

da je vrlo elegantna ili vrlo puna

or really simple, like nothingness,

ili vrlo jednostavna, poput ništavila,

that would require an explanation.

to bi zahtijevalo objašnjenje.

But if it's just one of these random, generic realities,

No ako je samo jedna od generičnih stvarnosti,

there's no further explanation for it.

nema daljnjeg objašnjenja za to.

And indeed, I would say

I doista, rekao bih

that's the reality we live in.

da je to stvarnost u kojoj živimo.

That's what science is telling us.

To je ono što nam znanost govori.

At the beginning of the week,

Na početku tjedna

we got the exciting information that

saznali smo uzbudljivu informaciju

the theory of inflation, which predicts a big,

da je teorija inflacije, koja predviđa veliku,

infinite, messy, arbitrary, pointless reality,

beskrajnu, neurednu, proizvoljnu, besmislenu stvarnost,

it's like a big frothing champagne

to je kao veliki pjenušavi šampanjac

coming out of a bottle endlessly,

beskonačno cureći iz boce,

a vast universe, mostly a wasteland

prostrani svemir, uglavnom pustoš

with little pockets of charm and order and peace,

s malim džepovima šarma i reda i mira,

this has been confirmed,

to je već potvrđeno,

this inflationary scenario, by the observations

ovaj inflacijski scenarij, pomoću opservacija

made by radio telescopes in Antarctica

radio teleskopa na Antarktici

that looked at the signature of the gravitational waves

koji su gledali otiske gravitacijskih valova

from just before the Big Bang.

neposredno prije Velikog Praska.

I'm sure you all know about this.

Siguran sam da svi znate za ovo.

So anyway, I think there's some evidence

Dakle, u svakom slučaju, mislim da postoje neki dokazi

that this really is the reality that we're stuck with.

da je ovo doista stvarnost na koju smo osuđeni.

Now, why should you care?

Pa sada, zašto bi vas bilo briga?

Well — (Laughter) —

Pa — (Smijeh) —

the question, "Why does the world exist?"

pitanje "Zašto postoji svijet?"

that's the cosmic question, it sort of rhymes

to je kozmičko pitanje, na neki način se rimuje

with a more intimate question:

s jednim intimnijim pitanjem:

Why do I exist? Why do you exist?

Zašto ja postojim? Zašto ti postojiš?

you know, our existence would seem to be amazingly improbable,

Znate, naše se postojanje čini zadivljujuće nevjerojatnim,

because there's an enormous number of genetically possible humans,

zato jer postoji ogroman broj genetski mogućih ljudi.

if you can compute it by looking at

Ako to možete izračunati

the number of the genes and the number of alleles and so forth,

gledajući broj gena i broj alela i tako dalje,

and a back-of-the-envelope calculation will tell you

brzinska računica pokazat će vam

there are about 10 to the 10,000th

da je otprilike 10 na deset tisućitu

possible humans, genetically.

broj genetski mogućih ljudi.

That's between a googol and a googolplex.

To je između googola i googolplexa.

And the number of the actual humans that have existed

A broj ljudi koji su do sada postojali

is 100 billion, maybe 50 billion,

je 100 milijardi, možda 50 milijardi,

an infinitesimal fraction, so all of us,

što je beskrajno malen dio, tako da smo svi mi

we've won this amazing cosmic lottery.

pobijedili u ovoj nevjerojatnoj kozmičkoj lutriji.

We're here. Okay.

Ovdje smo. U redu.

So what kind of reality do we want to live in?

Dakle, u kakvoj stvarnosti želimo živjeti?

Do we want to live in a special reality?

Želimo li živjeti u posebnoj stvarnosti?

What if we were living in the most elegant possible reality?

Što ako bismo živjeli u najelegantnijoj mogućoj stvarnosti?

Imagine the existential pressure on us

Zamislite egzistencijalni pritisak na nas

to live up to that, to be elegant,

da živimo po tom mjerilu, da budemo elegantni,

not to pull down the tone of it.

da se tako izrazim.

Or, what if we were living in the fullest possible reality?

Ili, što ako bismo živjeli u najpotpunijoj mogućoj stvarnosti?

Well then our existence would be guaranteed,

Onda bi naše postojanje bilo garantirano

because every possible thing

jer svaka moguća stvar

exists in that reality,

postoji u toj stvarnosti,

but our choices would be meaningless.

ali naši izbori bili bi beznačajni.

If I really struggle morally and agonize

Ako vodim moralnu borbu i mučim se

and I decide to do the right thing,

te odlučim učiniti ispravnu stvar,

what difference does it make,

kakvog to učinka ima

because there are an infinite number

budući da postoji beskonačan broj

of versions of me

verzija mene

also doing the right thing

koji također rade pravu stvar

and an infinite number doing the wrong thing.

i beskonačan broj onih koje rade pogrešnu stvar.

So my choices are meaningless.

Dakle, moji izbori su beznačajni.

So we don't want to live in that special reality.

Stoga ne želimo živjeti u toj posebnoj stvarnosti.

And as for the special reality of nothingness,

A što se tiče posebne stvarnosti ništavila,

we wouldn't be having this conversation.

ne bismo imali ovaj razgovor.

So I think living in a generic reality that's mediocre,

Tako da mislim da u životu u generičkoj stvarnosti koja je osrednja,

postoje ružni dijelovi i lijepi dijelovi

there are nasty bits and nice bits

and we could make the nice bits bigger

i mogli bismo povećati te lijepe dijelove

and the nasty bits smaller

a smanjiti one ružne

and that gives us a kind of purpose in life.

što nam daje neku svrhu u životu.

The universe is absurd,

Svemir je apsurdan,

but we can still construct a purpose,

ali i dalje možemo konstruirati svrhu,

and that's a pretty good one,

a ova je prilično dobra,

and the overall mediocrity of reality

i sveukupna osrednjost stvarnosti

kind of resonates nicely with the mediocrity

dobro se podudara s osrednjošću

we all feel in the core of our being.

koju svi osjećamo u svojoj srži.

And I know you feel it.

I znam da to osjećate.

I know you're all special,

Znam da ste svi vi posebni,

but you're still kind of secretly mediocre,

ali ste ipak nekako potajno osrednji,

don't you think?

zar ne?

(Smijeh) (Pljesak)

(Laughter) (Applause)

Dakle, mogli biste reći da je ova zagonetka, misterij postojanja

So anyway, you may say, this puzzle, the mystery of existence,

it's just silly mystery-mongering.

samo glupo prodavanje tajnovitosti.

You're not astonished at the existence of the universe

Niste zadivljeni postojanjem svemira

and you're in good company.

i u dobrom ste društvu.

Bertrand Russell said,

Bertrand Russel je rekao

"I should say the universe is just there, and that's all."

"Trebao bih samo reći da svemir jednostavno postoji i to je sve."

Just a brute fact.

Samo prosta činjenica.

And my professor at Columbia, Sidney Morgenbesser,

Ali moj profesor na Columbiji, Sidney Morgenbesser,

a great philosophical wag,

veliki filozofski vragolan,

when I said to him, "Professor Morgenbesser,

kada sam ga pitao "Profesore Morgenbesser,

why is there something rather than nothing?"

zašto postoji nešto umjesto ničega?"

And he said, "Oh, even if there was nothing,

On je rekao "Ah, čak i kada ne bi bilo ničega

you still wouldn't be satisfied."

i dalje ne bi bio zadovoljan."

So — (Laughter) — okay.

Stoga — (Smijeh) — u redu.

So you're not astonished. I don't care.

Niste zadivljeni. Nije me briga.

But I will tell you something to conclude

Ali reći ću vam nešto za kraj

that I guarantee you will astonish you,

što će vas zasigurno zadiviti,

because it's astonished all of the brilliant,

jer je zadivilo sve briljantne,

wonderful people I've met at this TED conference,

predivne ljude koje sam upoznao na ovoj TED konferenciji

when I've told them, and it's this:

kada sam im rekao, a to je:

Never in my life have I had a cell phone.

Nikada u svom životu nisam imao mobitel.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Laughter) (Applause)

(Smijeh) (Pljesak)