Michael Pritchard: How to make filthy water drinkable

Translator: Miha Helbl Reviewer: Tilen Pigac - EFZG

Good morning everybody.

Dobro jutro vsem skupaj.

I'd like to talk about a couple of things today.

Danes bi se rad pogovoril o nekaj zadevah.

The first thing is water.

Prvo o vodi.

Now I see you've all been enjoying the water

Vidim, da je vsem všeč voda,

that's been provided for you here at the conference,

ki so vam jo dali na konferenci

over the past couple of days.

v zadnjih nekaj dneh.

And I'm sure you'll feel that it's from a safe source.

In zagotovo tudi ne dvomite, da je neoporečna.

But what if it wasn't?

Ampak kaj, če ne bi bila?

What if it was from a source like this?

Kaj, če bi njen vir bil takšen?

Then statistics would actually say

V tem primeru bi na podlagi statističnih podatkov

that half of you would now be suffering

polovica prisotnih trpela

with diarrhea.

za diarejo.

I talked a lot in the past about statistics,

V preteklosti sem veliko govoril o statistikah

and the provision of safe drinking water for all.

in zagotavljanju varne pitne vode za vsakega,

But they just don't seem to get through.

kar pa ni padlo na plodna tla.

And I think I've worked out why.

In mislim, da sem ugotovil zakaj.

It's because, using current thinking,

Zaradi trenutnega načina razmišljanja,

the scale of the problem

se nam zdi obseg problema prevelik,

just seems too huge to contemplate solving.

da bi lahko razmišljali o tem, kako ga rešiti.

So we just switch off:

Zato se nehamo ozirati

us, governments and aid agencies.

na sebe, vlade ter organizacije za humanitarno pomoč.

Well, today, I'd like to show you

No, danes bi vam rad pokazal,

that through thinking differently,

da je bil problem rešen

the problem has been solved.

s pomočjo drugačnega načina razmišljanja.

By the way, since I've been speaking,

Mimogrede, od začetka mojega govora,

another 13,000 people around the world

je za diarejo zbolelo 13.000

are suffering now with diarrhea.

dodatnih ljudi.

And four children have just died.

In pravkar so umrli štirje otroci.

I invented Lifesaver bottle

Čutaro Lifesaver sem izumil,

because I got angry.

zaradi besa.

I, like most of you, was sitting down, the day after Christmas in 2004,

Kot večina izmed vas, sem dan po božiču leta 2004 tudi jaz sedel doma

when I was watching the devastating news

ter po televiziji spremljal

of the Asian tsunami as it rolled in,

novice o cunamiju, ki je

playing out on TV.

opustošil dele Azije.

The days and weeks that followed,

Naslednjih nekaj dni ter tednov

people fleeing to the hills,

so ljudje bežali v hribe,

being forced to drink contaminated water

kjer niso imeli druge izbire,

or face death.

kot piti onesnaženo vodo ali pa se soočiti s smrtjo.

That really stuck with me.

To mi ni dalo miru.

Then, a few months later,

Nekaj mesecev kasneje

Hurricane Katrina slammed into the side of America.

je v Ameriko pridivjal orkan Katrina.

"Okay," I thought, "here's a First World country, let's see what they can do."

"Dobro," sem si mislil, "zdaj imamo državo Prvega sveta, poglejmo kaj zmorejo."

Day one: nothing.

Prvi dan: nič.

Day two: nothing.

Drugi dan: nič.

Do you know it took five days to get water to the Superdome?

Se zavedate, da je za dostavo vode do dvorane Superdome bilo potrebnih pet dni?

People were shooting each other on the streets

Ljudje so se streljali po ulicah

for TV sets and water.

za televizorje in vodo.

That's when I decided I had to do something.

V tistem trenutku sem se odločil, da moram glede tega nekaj storiti.

Now I spent a lot of time in my garage, over the next weeks and months,

Veliko časa sem preživel v garaži, nekaj tednov, mesecev.

and also in my kitchen -- much to the dismay of my wife. (Laughter)

Prav tako v kuhinji -- žena se s tem ni ravno strinjala. (Smeh)

However, after a few failed prototypes,

Toda po nekaj neuspelih poskusih

I finally came up with this, the Lifesaver bottle.

sem iznašel čutaro Lifesaver.

Okay, now for the science bit.

No, zdaj pa znanstveni del.

Before Lifesaver, the best hand filters were only capable

Pred Lifesaverjem so najboljši prenosni filtri bili zmožni

of filtering down to about 200 nanometers.

prefiltrirati le do približno 200 nanometrov velike delce.

The smallest bacteria is about 200 nanometers.

Najmanjša bakterija je velika približno 200 nanometrov.

So a 200-nanometer bacteria

Torej bo 200 nanometrov velika bakterija

is going to get through a 200-nanometer hole.

uspela priti skozi 200 nanometrov veliko luknjo.

The smallest virus, on the other hand,

Toda najmanjši virus

is about 25 nanometers.

je velik približno 25 nanometrov

So that's definitely going to get through those 200 nanometer holes.

in bo zagotovo uspel priti skozi 200 nanometrov velike luknje.

Lifesaver pores are 15 nanometers.

Pore Lifesaverja imajo premer 15 nanometrov.

So nothing is getting through.

Torej ne spustijo skozi ničesar.

Okay, I'm going to give you a bit of a demonstration.

Dobro, pripravil sem majhno predstavitev.

Would you like to see that?

Vas zanima?

I spent all the time setting this up, so I guess I should.

Po tolikšnem času priprave mislim, da se jo splača ogledati.

We're in the fine city of Oxford.

Nahajamo se v krasnem mestu Oxford.

So -- someone's done that up.

Zato -- nekdo je to dobro zaprl.

Fine city of Oxford, so what I've done is I've gone

Smo v krasnem mestu Oxford

and got some water from the River Cherwell,

in zato sem zbral nekaj vode iz rek

and the River Thames,

Cherwell in Temze,

that flow through here. And this is the water.

ki tečeta skozi mesto. In tukaj je njuna voda.

But I got to thinking, you know,

Ampak potem sem pomislil,

if we were in the middle of a flood zone

da voda sredi poplave

in Bangladesh, the water wouldn't look like this.

v Bangladešu ne bi bila takšna.

So I've gone and got some stuff to add into it.

Zato sem prinesel še nekaj dodatnih stvari.

And this is from my pond.

To je iz mojega ribnika.

(Sniffs) (Coughs) Have a smell of that, mister cameraman.

(Povoha) (Zakašlja) Povohajte to, gospod snemalec.

Okay. (Laughs) Right.

Dobro. (Smeh) Prav.

We're just going to pour that in there.

To bomo enostavno vlili noter.

Audience: Ugh!

Občinstvo: Pfuj!

Michael Pritchard: Okay. We've got some runoff

Michael Pritchard: Dobro. Imamo še odpadno vodo

from a sewage plant farm.

iz centralne čistilne naprave.

So I'm just going to put that in there.

Torej bom dodal še to.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Put that in there. There we go.

Kar dodajmo. Tako.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

And some other bits and pieces, chuck that in there.

In še nekaj drugih drobcev. Kar vlijmo noter.

And I've got a gift here from a friend of mine's rabbit.

Zdaj pa še darilce od prijateljevega zajca.

So we're just going to put that in there as well.

In bomo dodali še to.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Okay. (Laughter) Now.

Dobro. (Smeh) No tako.

The Lifesaver bottle works really simply.

Čutara Lifesaver je zelo preprosta za uporabo.

You just scoop the water up.

Vodo preprosto zajamemo.

Today I'm going to use a jug

Danes bom uporabil vrč,

just to show you all. Let's get a bit of that poo in there.

da vam lahko pokažem. Zajemimo nekaj iztrebkov.

That's not dirty enough. Let's just stir that up a little bit.

To ni dovolj umazano. Malo premešajmo.

Okay, so I'm going to take this really filthy water,

Dobro. Torej to zelo umazano vodo

and put it in here. Do you want a drink yet?

bom prelil sem. Ste že žejni?

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Okay. There we go.

Dobro. No, pa gremo.

Replace the top.

Namestimo zamašek.

Give it a few pumps. Okay?

Nekajkrat pritisnemo. Prav?

That's all that's necessary.

To je vse.

Now as soon as I pop the teat,

Takoj ko bom odprl ventil,

sterile drinking water is going to come out.

bo ven začela teči sterilna pitna voda.

I've got to be quick. Okay, ready?

Moram biti hiter. Dobro, pripravljeni?

There we go. Mind the electrics.

No, tako. Pazimo na elektroniko.

That is safe, sterile drinking water.

To je varna, sterilna pitna voda.

(Applause)

(Aplavz)

Cheers.

Na zdravje.

(Applause)

(Aplavz)

There you go Chris.

Izvoli Chris.

(Applause)

(Aplavz)

What's it taste of?

Kakšen okus ima?

Chris Anderson: Delicious.

Chris Anderson: Izvrsten.

Michael Pritchard: Okay.

Michael Pritchard: Dobro.

Let's see Chris's program throughout the rest of the show. Okay?

Glejmo, kako se bo med predstavo godilo Chrisu. Prav?

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Okay. Lifesaver bottle is used by thousands of people around the world.

Dobro. Čutaro Lifesaver uporablja na tisoče ljudi po celem svetu.

It'll last for 6,000 liters.

Zadošča za 6.000 litrov.

And when it's expired, using failsafe technology,

Ko njena uporabnost poteče, se sistem s pomočjo

the system will shut off, protecting the user.

varovalnega mehanizma izključi in tako zaščiti uporabnika.

Pop the cartridge out. Pop a new one in.

Tulec s filtrom odstranimo. Vstavimo novega.

It's good for another 6,000 liters.

In zadošča za dodatnih 6.000 litrov.

So let's look at the applications.

Pa si oglejmo uporabnost.

Traditionally, in a crisis, what do we do?

Kaj navadno storimo med krizo?

We ship water.

Vodo prevažamo.

Then, after a few weeks, we set up camps.

Po nekaj tednih postavimo tabore.

And people are forced to come into the camps to get their safe drinking water.

Ljudje so nato primorani priti v tabore po svoj delež varne pitne vode.

What happens when 20,000 people congregate in a camp?

Kaj se zgodi, če se v taboru zbere 20.000 ljudi?

Diseases spread. More resources are required.

Bolezni se širijo. Potrebna so dodatna sredstva.

The problem just becomes self-perpetuating.

Problem se pospešuje sam od sebe.

But by thinking differently,

Toda z drugačnim načinom razmišljanja

and shipping these,

in dobavljanjem čutar,

people can stay put.

lahko ljudje ostanejo na enem mestu.

They can make their own sterile drinking water,

Sterilno pitno vodo si lahko priskrbijo sami

and start to get on with rebuilding their homes and their lives.

in lahko raje ponovno postavijo na noge sebe ter svoje domove.

Now, it doesn't require a natural disaster

Toda, za vse to ne potrebujemo

for this to work.

naravne katastrofe.

Using the old thinking, of national infrastructure

Uporaba starega načina razmišljanja, državnih infrastruktur

and pipe work, is too expensive.

ter vodovodov je predraga.

When you run the numbers on a calculator,

Pri izračunu stroškov

you run out of noughts.

nam zmanjka ničel.

So here is the "thinking different" bit.

Zdaj pa je čas za del o "drugačnem načinu razmišljanja".

Instead of shipping water,

Namesto, da vodo prevažamo

and using man-made processes to do it,

s pomočjo umetnih postopkov

let's use Mother Nature. She's got a fantastic system.

raje uporabimo mati naravo. Saj že ima čudovit postopek.

She picks the water up from there,

Vodo zbere tam,

desalinates it, for free, transports it over there,

jo brezplačno razsoli, jo prenese tja

and dumps it onto the mountains, rivers, and streams.

in jo odvrže na gore, v reke in potoke.

And where do people live? Near water.

In kje živijo ljudje? V bližini vode.

All we've go to do

Moramo jo le še

is make it sterile. How do we do that?

sterilizirati. Kako pa storimo to?

Well, we could use the Lifesaver bottle.

No, lahko uporabimo čutaro Lifesaver.

Or we could use one of these.

Lahko pa uporabimo tudi kaj takšnega.

The same technology, in a jerry can.

Enaka tehnologija, v kanistru.

This will process 25,000 liters of water;

S tem lahko prečistimo 25.000 litrov vode;

that's good enough for a family of four,

kar lahko oskrbi štiričlansko družino

for three years.

za tri leta.

And how much does it cost?

Kaj pa cena?

About half a cent a day to run.

Za dan uporabe odštejete le pol centa.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Aplavz)

So, by thinking differently, and processing water

Torej, z drugačnim načinom razmišljanja

at the point of use,

in recikliranjem vode v ospredju

mothers and children no longer have to walk four hours a day

materam in otrokom ne bo več treba hoditi štiri ure na dan,

to collect their water.

da bi prišli do vode.

They can get it from a source nearby.

Lahko jo dobijo iz bližnjega vira.

So with just eight billion dollars,

Le z 8 milijardami dolarjev

we can hit the millennium goal's target

lahko dosežemo cilj tisočletja

of halving the number of people

in razpolovimo število ljudi

without access to safe drinking water.

brez dostopa do varne pitne vode.

To put that into context,

V kontekstu to pomeni,

The U.K. government spends about 12 billion pounds

da Britanska vlada porabi 12 milijard funtov

a year on foreign aid.

na leto za pomoč v tujini.

But why stop there?

Zakaj bi se ustavili tukaj?

With 20 billion dollars, everyone can have access to safe drinking water.

Z 20 milijardami dolarjev bi lahko imeli vsi dostop do varne pitne vode.

So the three-and-a-half billion people

Tri milijarde in pol ljudi,

that suffer every year as a result,

ki posledično trpijo vsako leto

and the two million kids that die every year,

in 2 milijona otrok, ki vsako leto umrejo,

will live.

bo tako preživelo.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Aplavz)