What happens in your brain when you pay attention? | Mehdi Ordikhani-Seyedlar

397,840 views ใƒป 2017-07-12

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: JY Kang ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
Paying close attention to something:
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€์— ๊นŠ์ด ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
00:15
Not that easy, is it?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
It's because our attention is pulled in so many different directions at a time,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ง‘์ค‘๋ ฅ์€ ๋™์‹œ์— ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐˆ๋ž˜๋กœ ์ง‘์ค‘๋ ฅ์ด ํํŠธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
and it's in fact pretty impressive if you can stay focused.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ง‘์ค‘์„ ํ• ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋งค์šฐ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
00:28
Many people think that attention is all about what we are focusing on,
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ง‘์ค‘์ด ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋ชฐ์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ
00:32
but it's also about what information our brain is trying to filter out.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ง‘์ค‘์ด๋ž€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๊ณ ์ž ์• ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:38
There are two ways you direct your attention.
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์ฃผ์˜์ง‘์ค‘์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋‚˜๋‰˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
00:41
First, there's overt attention.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์™ธ์  ์ง‘์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:43
In overt attention, you move your eyes towards something
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์™ธ์  ์ง‘์ค‘์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์‹œ์„ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๊ณ 
00:47
in order to pay attention to it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
Then there's covert attention.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์  ์ง‘์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
In covert attention, you pay attention to something,
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๋‚ด์  ์ง‘์ค‘์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
00:56
but without moving your eyes.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ์‹œ์„ ์„ ๋‘์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ฃ .
00:58
Think of driving for a second.
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์šด์ „ํ•  ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ์ž ๊น ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
01:02
Your overt attention, your direction of the eyes,
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์™ธ์  ์ง‘์ค‘ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ์„œ๋Š”
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์‹œ์„ ์ด ์ •๋ฉด์„ ํ–ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
01:05
are in front,
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01:07
but that's your covert attention
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด์  ์ง‘์ค‘ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ์„œ๋Š”
01:09
which is constantly scanning the surrounding area,
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๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์‚ดํ”ผ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
where you don't actually look at them.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์„ ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:17
I'm a computational neuroscientist,
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์ €๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์‘์šฉ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
and I work on cognitive brain-machine interfaces,
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๋‘๋‡Œ-์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์ธ์ง€ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ฃ .
01:22
or bringing together the brain and the computer.
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๋‘๋‡Œ์™€ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์„œ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
I love brain patterns.
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์ €๋Š” ๋‘๋‡Œ์˜ ์ธ์ง€ํŒจํ„ด์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
Brain patterns are important for us
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๋‘๋‡Œ์˜ ์ธ์ง€ ํŒจํ„ด์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
because based on them we can build models for the computers,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•ด์„œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
01:33
and based on these models
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ
01:35
computers can recognize how well our brain functions.
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‘๋‡Œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ํŒ๋‹จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
And if it doesn't function well,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‘๋‡Œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ์ •์ƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด
01:41
then these computers themselves can be used as assistive devices
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์กฐ ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
01:46
for therapies.
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์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
But that also means something,
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์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
01:51
because choosing the wrong patterns
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์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ธ์ง€ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด
01:53
will give us the wrong models
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์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๊ณ 
01:55
and therefore the wrong therapies.
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์น˜๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜๋ชป ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
Right?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
01:59
In case of attention,
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์ธ์ง€ ์ง‘์ค‘์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
02:01
the fact that we can
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์ง‘์ค‘์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์„ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•  ๋•Œ
02:03
shift our attention not only by our eyes
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์‹œ์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
02:07
but also by thinking --
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์ƒ๊ฐ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋ฐ”๋€๋‹ค๋Š” ์  ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
02:09
that makes covert attention an interesting model for computers.
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๋‚ด์  ์ง‘์ค‘์ด ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์š”์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
So I wanted to know what are the brainwave patterns
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๋‡ŒํŒŒ์˜ ํŒจํ„ด์ด
02:17
when you look overtly or when you look covertly.
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์™ธ์  ํ˜น์€ ๋‚ด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ƒ์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
I set up an experiment for that.
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์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ค€๋น„ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:24
In this experiment there are two flickering squares,
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์ด ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜•์ด ๊นœ๋นก์ด๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
one of them flickering at a slower rate than the other one.
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์ด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋Š๋ฆฐ ์†๋„๋กœ ๊นœ๋นก๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
02:32
Depending on which of these flickers you are paying attention to,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜•์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
02:36
certain parts of your brain will start resonating in the same rate
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๋‡Œ์˜ ํŠน์ • ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜•์ด ๊นœ๋นก๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์†๋„์™€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์†๋„๋กœ
02:41
as that flickering rate.
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๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
So by analyzing your brain signals,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‡ŒํŒŒ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋ฉด
02:46
we can track where exactly you are watching
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜•์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ถ”์ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
02:50
or you are paying attention to.
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์–ด๋””์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
So to see what happens in your brain when you pay overt attention,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‡Œ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ์•Œ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
02:59
I asked people to look directly in one of the squares
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ํ”ผ์‹คํ—˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜•๋งŒ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๊ณ 
03:02
and pay attention to it.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—๋งŒ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์š”์ฒญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
In this case, not surprisingly, we saw that these flickering squares
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋‹น์—ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜•์˜ ๊นœ๋นก์ž„์ด
03:09
appeared in their brain signals
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๋‡ŒํŒŒ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์— ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ฃ .
03:11
which was coming from the back of their head,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ›„๋‘๋ถ€์—์„œ
03:15
which is responsible for the processing of your visual information.
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์‹œ๊ฐ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
But I was really interested
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ •๋ง ๊ถ๊ธˆํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€
03:22
to see what happens in your brain when you pay covert attention.
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๋‚ด์  ์ง‘์ค‘์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋‡Œ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”๊ฐ€์˜€์ฃ .
03:26
So this time I asked people to look in the middle of the screen
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ํ”ผ์‹คํ—˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ ํ™”๋ฉด์˜ ์ค‘์•™๋งŒ์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๊ณ 
03:30
and without moving their eyes,
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์‹œ์„ ์„ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
to pay attention to either of these squares.
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๋‘ ์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜• ์–ด๋Š ์ชฝ์—๋„ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:36
When we did that,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๋ณด๋‹ˆ
03:38
we saw that both of these flickering rates appeared in their brain signals,
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๋‘ ์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜• ๋ชจ๋‘์˜ ๊นœ๋นก์ž„ ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‡ŒํŒŒ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
but interestingly,
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๋” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ ์€
03:44
only one of them, which was paid attention to,
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์ด์ „์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜•์˜ ๊นœ๋นก์ž„์ด
03:48
had stronger signals,
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๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์ฃ .
03:49
so there was something in the brain
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‡Œ์˜ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด
03:51
which was handling this information
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์ด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
03:54
so that thing in the brain was basically the activation of the frontal area.
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๋‡Œ์˜ ์ „๋‘๋ถ€ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”์— ๊ด€์—ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
The front part of your brain is responsible
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๋‡Œ์˜ ์ „๋‘๋ถ€๋Š”
04:05
for higher cognitive functions as a human.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ธ์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ๋†’์€ ์—ฐ๊ด€์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
The frontal part, it seems that it works as a filter
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์ „๋‘๋ถ€๋Š” ๋งˆ์น˜ ํ•„ํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
trying to let information come in only from the right flicker
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์ง‘์ค‘ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜•์˜ ๊นœ๋นก์ž„์—์„œ ๋“ค์–ด์˜จ ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
04:18
that you are paying attention to
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04:21
and trying to inhibit the information coming from the ignored one.
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๋ฌด์‹œํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ์–ต์ œํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ .
04:27
The filtering ability of the brain is indeed a key for attention,
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๋‘๋‡Œ์˜ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ฐจ๋‹จ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์ง‘์ค‘์˜ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ์—ด์‡ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
which is missing in some people,
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์ด ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
04:35
for example in people with ADHD.
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๊ทธ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ADHD์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (ADHD = ์ฃผ์˜๋ ฅ ๊ฒฐํ• ๊ณผ์ž‰ํ–‰๋™์žฅ์• )
04:38
So a person with ADHD cannot inhibit these distractors,
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ADHD๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐฉํ•ด ์ž๊ทน์„ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
and that's why they can't focus for a long time on a single task.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ์— ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
04:49
But what if this person
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
04:50
could play a specific computer game
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๋‘๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ
04:54
with his brain connected to the computer,
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ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ์ฆ๊น€์œผ๋กœ์จ
04:58
and then train his own brain
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๋ฐฉํ•ด ์ž๊ทน์„ ์–ต์ œ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
05:01
to inhibit these distractors?
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
05:05
Well, ADHD is just one example.
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ADHD๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
We can use these cognitive brain-machine interfaces
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋‘๋‡Œ-์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์ธ์ง€ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์„
05:12
for many other cognitive fields.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ธ์ง€ ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
It was just a few years ago
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๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „์˜ ์ผ์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
05:17
that my grandfather had a stroke, and he lost complete ability to speak.
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์ €ํฌ ์กฐ๋ถ€๊ป˜์„œ๋Š” ๋‡Œ์กธ์ค‘์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์–ธ์–ด ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์žƒ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
He could understand everybody, but there was no way to respond,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๋ง์„ ์•Œ์•„๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์…จ์ฃ .
05:27
even not writing because he was illiterate.
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๊ธ€์„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์…จ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•„๋‹ด๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
So he passed away in silence.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์นจ๋ฌต ์†์—์„œ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์…จ์ฃ .
05:36
I remember thinking at that time:
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ์ „ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
What if we could have a computer
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ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•ด์„œ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ฃ .
05:42
which could speak for him?
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05:45
Now, after years that I am in this field,
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๋ช‡ ๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚œ ์ง€๊ธˆ, ์ €๋Š” ์ด ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ
05:47
I can see that this might be possible.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
Imagine if we can find brainwave patterns
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ธ€์ž๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด
05:54
when people think about images or even letters,
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๊ทธ๋•Œ์˜ ๋‡ŒํŒŒ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
05:59
like the letter A generates a different brainwave pattern
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, A๋ผ๋Š” ๊ธ€์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋‡ŒํŒŒ ํŒจํ„ด๊ณผ
06:02
than the letter B, and so on.
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B ๊ธ€์ž์˜ ๋‡ŒํŒŒ ํŒจํ„ด์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
06:04
Could a computer one day communicate for people who can't speak?
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์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ง ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•ด์„œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„๊นŒ์š”?
06:09
What if a computer
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์˜ ๋„์›€์œผ๋กœ
06:11
can help us understand the thoughts of a person in a coma?
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๋‡Œ์‚ฌ ์ƒํƒœ์ธ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์ฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
06:17
We are not there yet,
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์•„์ง ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜์ค€๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
06:19
but pay close attention.
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์ž˜ ์ง€์ผœ๋ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
06:22
We will be there soon.
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๊ณง ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:23
Thank you.
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๊ณ ๋ง™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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