The world needs all kinds of minds | Temple Grandin

1,296,235 views ใƒป 2010-02-24

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Jeong-Lan Kinser ๊ฒ€ํ† : Sanghoon Lee
00:15
I think I'll start out and just talk a little bit
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์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์žํ์ฆ์ด
๋ญ”์ง€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„๋งŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
about what exactly autism is.
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00:19
Autism is a very big continuum
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์žํ์ฆ์€ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์—ฐ์†์ฒด๋กœ์„œ
00:22
that goes from very severe -- the child remains nonverbal --
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๋งค์šฐ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ธ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์•„์ด๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
00:25
all the way up to brilliant scientists and engineers.
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์ฒœ์žฌ์ ์ธ ๊ณผํ•™์ž์™€ ์—”์ง€๋‹ˆ์–ด๋“ค๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
And I actually feel at home here,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ณณ์ด ์ง‘์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์นœ์ˆ™ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ปด์ ธ์š”.
00:30
because there's a lot of autism genetics here.
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์ด๊ณณ์— ์žํ์ฆ ์œ ์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
00:32
(Laughter)
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์žํ์ฆ์˜ ์—ฐ์†์ฒด์—
00:33
You wouldn't have any --
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
00:35
(Applause)
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00:38
It's a continuum of traits.
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์†ํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
When does a nerd turn into Asperger, which is just mild autism?
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๋ฉ์ฒญ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ€๋ฒผ์šด ์žํ์ฆ์ธ
์•„์Šคํผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ ๊นŒ์š”?
00:45
I mean, Einstein and Mozart and Tesla would all be probably diagnosed
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์•„์ธ์‹œํƒ€์ธ, ๋ชจ์งœ๋ฅดํŠธ, ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋ผ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€
์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์—” ์žํ์  ์Šคํ‘ํŠธ๋Ÿผ ์žฅ์• ๋กœ
00:50
as autistic spectrum today.
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์ง„๋‹จ ๋ฐ›์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด์ฃ .
00:52
And one of the things that is really going to concern me
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์ €๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๊ฑฑ์ •๋˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
์ด ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์ฐจ์„ธ๋Œ€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ 
00:56
is getting these kids to be the ones
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00:58
that are going to invent the next energy things
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋นŒ ๊ฒŒ์ด์ธ ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ์— ์–˜๊ธฐํ•œ ๊ทธ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:01
that Bill Gates talked about this morning.
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01:04
OK, now, if you want to understand autism: animals.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์žํ์ฆ๊ณผ
๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
01:07
I want to talk to you now about different ways of thinking.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
You have to get away from verbal language.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ง๋กœํ•˜๋Š” ์–ธ์–ด์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
I think in pictures. I don't think in language.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ €๋Š” ์–ธ์–ด๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
01:18
Now, the thing about the autistic mind is it attends to details.
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์žํ์„ฑํ–ฅ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
์„ธ๋ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
This is a test where you either have to pick out the big letters
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์ž, ์ด ์‹คํ—˜์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ํฐ ๊ธ€์ž๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€
์ž‘์€ ๊ธ€์ž๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
or the little letters,
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01:27
and the autistic mind picks out the little letters more quickly.
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์žํ์„ฑํ–ฅ์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
์ž‘์€ ๊ธ€์ž๋“ค์„ ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๊ณ ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
And the thing is, the normal brain ignores the details.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณดํ†ต์˜ ๋‘๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์„ธ๋ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
Well, if you're building a bridge, details are pretty important
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๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋†“์„ ๋•Œ, ์„ธ๋ฐ€ํ•จ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ฃ .
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
01:38
because it'll fall down if you ignore the details.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๋งŽ์€ ์ •์ฑ…์‚ฌํ•ญ๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ €์˜ ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ๊ฑฑ์ • ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”,
01:41
And one of my big concerns with a lot of policy things today
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ถ”์ƒ์ ์ด ๋˜์–ด ๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:44
is things are getting too abstract.
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01:45
People are getting away from doing hands-on stuff.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ ์  ๋” ์‹ค์ œ ์ฒดํ—˜์—์„œ
๋ฉ€์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
I'm really concerned that a lot of the schools
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์ €๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™๊ต๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ ์ฒดํ—˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์„
01:51
have taken out the hands-on classes, because art, and classes like that --
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์—†์•ค ๊ฒƒ์— ์ •๋ง ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์™œ๋ƒํ–๋ฉด ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์„ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด
01:55
those are the classes where I excelled.
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์ œ๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์–ด ํƒ์›”ํ•จ์„ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
01:57
In my work with cattle,
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์˜ค์ผ€์ด, ๊ฐ€์ถ•๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ ์ผ์—์„œ,
01:59
I noticed a lot of little things that most people don't notice
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์ €๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ž‘์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:02
would make the cattle balk.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ถ•์—๊ฒŒ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ ธ์ฃ . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
02:04
For example, this flag waving right in front of the veterinary facility.
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๋™๋ฌผ ๋ณ‘์› ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์—, ๊ตญ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํŽ„๋Ÿญ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
This feed yard was going to tear down their whole veterinary facility;
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์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ชฉ์žฅ์€ ๊ทธ ๋™๋ฌผ ๋ณ‘์› ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ—ˆ๋ฌผ ์ž‘์ •์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:10
all they needed to do was move the flag.
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ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ๋˜๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ตญ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๋Š”๊ฒƒ ๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:12
Rapid movement, contrast.
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๊ธ‰์†ํ•œ ์›€์ง์ž„๊ณผ ๋Œ€๋น„์ฃ .
02:14
In the early '70s when I started, I got right down in the chutes
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70๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์„๋•Œ,
์ €๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ถ•์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ๋‚™ํ•˜์‚ฐ์„ ํƒ€๊ณ  ์งํ•˜ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:18
to see what cattle were seeing.
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02:19
People thought that was crazy.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ดด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ฃ . ์šธํƒ€๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฝ”ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ถ•๋“ค์˜ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ์ด ๋˜๊ณค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
A coat on a fence would make them balk, shadows would make them balk,
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๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ž์™€ ๋•…์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜ธ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณค ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:24
a hose on the floor -- people weren't noticing these things.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ฒด์ธ์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ž‘๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋“ฑ์„
02:27
A chain hanging down ...
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์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:28
And that's shown very, very nicely in the movie.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ด ์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž˜ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
In fact, I loved the movie, how they duplicated all my projects.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ ์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ „๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์žฌํ˜„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ
์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฒœ์žฌ์ ์ธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด์ฃ .
02:34
That's the geek side.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ๋„ ์˜ํ™”์—์„œ ์ฃผ๋ชฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์ฃ .
02:36
My drawings got to star in the movie, too.
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02:38
And, actually, it's called "Temple Grandin,"
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๊ทธ ์˜ํ™”์ œ๋ชฉ์€ โ€˜ํ…œํ”Œ ๊ทธ๋ Œ๋”˜โ€™ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
not "Thinking in Pictures."
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โ€˜๊ทธ๋ฆผ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐโ€™๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
02:42
So what is thinking in pictures?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฒŒ ๋ญ์ฃ ? ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ฌธ์ž๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์•ˆ์—
02:43
It's literally movies in your head.
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์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
02:46
My mind works like Google for images.
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์ œ ๋งˆ์Œ์€ ๊ตฌ๊ธ€ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ด์˜€์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ชฐ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
When I was a young kid, I didn't know my thinking was different.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ๋กœ ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ .
02:52
I thought everybody thought in pictures.
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๊ทธ ํ›„, โ€˜๊ทธ๋ฆผ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐโ€™๋ผ๋Š” ์ฑ…์„ ์ง‘ํ•„ํ•  ๋•Œ,
02:54
Then when I did my book, "Thinking in Pictures,"
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
I started interviewing people about how they think.
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02:58
And I was shocked to find out that my thinking was quite different.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๊ฝค ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•˜์„ ๋•Œ,
์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ œ๊ฐ€,
03:02
Like if I say, "Think about a church steeple,"
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โ€œ๊ตํšŒ์˜ ๋พฐ์ชฝํƒ‘์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”โ€ ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด,
03:04
most people get this sort of generalized generic one.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™”๋œ ํŠน์ • ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ฃ .
03:06
Now, maybe that's not true in this room,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ณ„์‹  ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
03:08
but it's going to be true in a lot of different places.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
I see only specific pictures.
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ๋งŒ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
They flash up into my memory, just like Google for pictures.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ตฌ๊ธ€ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ œ ๊ธฐ์–ต ์†์— ๋– ์˜ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
And in the movie, they've got a great scene in there,
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๋˜ ์˜ํ™”์—์„œ ๊ต‰์žฅํ•œ ์žฅ๋ฉด์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
โ€œ์‹ ๋ฐœโ€ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, 50๋…„๋Œ€์™€ 60๋…„๋Œ€์˜ ์‹ ๋ฐœ๋“ค์ด
03:21
where the word "shoe" is said, and a whole bunch of '50s and '60s shoes
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03:24
pop into my imagination.
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์ œ ์ƒ์ƒ ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋ชฐ๋ ค๋“ค์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:26
OK, there's my childhood church; that's specific.
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์˜ค์ผ€์ด, ์ €๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์‹œ์ ˆ์˜ ๊ตํšŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด์ฃ . ์ข€ ๋” ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”? ํฌํŠธ ์ฝœ๋ฆฐ์ฆˆ.
03:29
There's some more, Fort Collins.
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03:31
OK, how about famous ones?
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์˜ค์ผ€์ด, ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ณณ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
03:33
And they just kind of come up, kind of like this.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
Just really quickly, like Google for pictures.
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๊ตฌ๊ธ€ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๋น ๋ฅด์ฃ .
03:39
And they come up one at a time,
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๋˜ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์— ํ•œ ์žฅ๋ฉด์”ฉ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
and then I think, "OK, well, maybe we can have it snow,
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—”, โ€˜์ข‹์•„, ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋ˆˆ์ด ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:43
or we can have a thunderstorm,"
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์ฒœ๋‘ฅ์ด ์น˜๋Š” ์žฅ๋ฉด์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
03:45
and I can hold it there and turn them into videos.
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๊ทธ ์žฅ๋ฉด์„ ํฌ์ฐฉํ•ด์„œ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.โ€™ ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ฃ .
03:48
Now, visual thinking was a tremendous asset
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๊ฐ€์ถ•์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ์‹œ์„ค์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ ์ง์—…์—์„œ
03:51
in my work designing cattle-handling facilities.
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์‹œ๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ๊ต‰์žฅํ•œ ์ž์‚ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
And I've worked really hard on improving how cattle are treated
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋„์‚ด์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์ถ•์„ ์ทจ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„
๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ •๋ง ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•ด์™”์ฃ .
03:58
at the slaughter plant.
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๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ๋‚˜์œ ๋„์‚ด ์žฅ๋ฉด์€ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
I'm not going to go into any gucky slaughter slides.
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04:01
I've got that stuff up on YouTube, if you want to look at it.
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์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ์—์„œ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ ์ž‘์—… ์ค‘์—์„œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š”
04:04
(Laughter)
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04:05
But one of the things that I was able to do in my design work
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๋งˆ์น˜ ๊ฐ€์ƒํ˜„์‹ค ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
04:08
is I could test-run a piece of equipment in my mind,
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์ •์‹ ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์žฅ๋น„๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
04:11
just like a virtual reality computer system.
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์‹ค์ œ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ์‹คํ–‰์„ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
And this is an aerial view of a recreation of one of my projects
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ํ™”์— ์ด์šฉ๋œ
์ œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋“ค ์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์žฌํ˜„ํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฐ๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
that was used in the movie.
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04:19
That was like just so super cool.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ง ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:21
And there were a lot of, kind of, Asperger types and autism types
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ์•„์Šคํผ๊ฑฐํ˜•, ์žํํ˜• ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ฐ์—ˆ๋˜ ์„ธํŠธ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:25
working out there on the movie set, too.
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:27
(Laughter)
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04:28
But one of the things that really worries me is:
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ์ค‘์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š”,
์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์žํ์ฆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ Š์€ ์„ธ๋Œ€์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
Where's the younger version of those kids going today?
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04:34
They're not ending up in Silicon Valley,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์†ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์ฝ˜ ๋ฐธ๋ฆฌ์— ์ •์ฐฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
04:37
where they belong.
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:38
(Laughter)
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04:40
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
04:45
One of the things I learned very early on because I wasn't that social,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๊ต์„ฑ์ด ์—†์–ด์„œ ์–ด๋ฆด์ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š”,
04:48
is I had to sell my work, and not myself.
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์ œ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์ œ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์„ ํŒ”์•„์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
And the way I sold livestock jobs is I showed off my drawings,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ถ•์ผ์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์“ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ, ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
I showed off pictures of things.
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04:57
Another thing that helped me as a little kid
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๋˜ ํ•œ ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ์ด์—ˆ๋˜
04:59
is, boy, in the '50s, you were taught manners.
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50๋…„๋„์— ์˜ˆ์ ˆ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
You were taught you can't pull the merchandise off the shelves
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๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ์˜ ์„ ๋ฐ˜์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด๋“ค์„ ๊บผ๋‚ด์„œ
์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ €๊ธฐ ๋˜์งˆ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
in the store and throw it around.
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์•„์ด๋“ค์ด 3~4ํ•™๋…„์ด ๋˜๋ฉด,
05:06
When kids get to be in third or fourth grade,
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05:08
you might see that this kid's going to be a visual thinker,
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์ด ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
drawing in perspective.
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๊ทธ๋ฆผ์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ . ์ด์ œ
05:13
Now, I want to emphasize
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์žํ์•„ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€
05:14
that not every autistic kid is going to be a visual thinker.
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์‹œ๊ฐ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
Now, I had this brain scan done several years ago,
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์ž, ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „์— ์ฐ์€ ์ด ๋‘๋‡Œ ๋‹จ์ธต์ดฌ์˜์œผ๋กœ
05:21
and I used to joke around about having a gigantic Internet trunk line
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๋†๋‹ด์„ ํ•˜๊ณค ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
์‹œ๊ฐํ”ผ์งˆ ๊นŠ์ˆ™ํžˆ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ
05:25
going deep into my visual cortex.
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ์ฃผ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์„ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
05:27
This is tensor imaging.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ…์„œ(์žฅ๊ทผ) ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
And my great big Internet trunk line is twice as big as the control's.
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๋˜ ์ €์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ์ฃผ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์„ ์€
๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ ์ด์ƒ ํฌ์ฃ .
05:33
The red lines there are me,
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์ด ๋นจ๊ฐ„ ์„ ๋“ค์€ ์ œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ ,
05:35
and the blue lines are the sex and age-matched control.
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ํŒŒ๋ž€ ์„ ๋“ค์€ ์„ฑ๋ณ„๊ณผ ๋‚˜์ด๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
05:39
And there I got a gigantic one,
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๋˜ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„  ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
05:41
and the control over there, the blue one, has got a really small one.
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๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๋„ ์ €๊ธฐ ํŒŒ๋ž€ ์„ ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
์ •๋ง ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์„ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
And some of the research now is showing
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๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
05:49
that people on the spectrum actually think with the primary visual cortex.
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์žํ์„ฑํ–ฅ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์‹œ๊ฐํ”ผ์งˆ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
Now, the thing is, the visual thinker is just one kind of mind.
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์š”์ ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์˜ ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
You see, the autistic mind tends to be a specialist mind --
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์žํ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์— ๊ฐ€๊น์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
good at one thing, bad at something else.
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€์—” ํƒ์›”ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์—๋Š” ์„œํˆด์ฃ .
06:03
And where I was bad was algebra.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์— ์„œํˆด๋ €์–ด์š”. ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™๊ณผ
06:04
And I was never allowed to take geometry or trig.
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์‚ผ๊ฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ•ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์ฃ .
06:07
Gigantic mistake.
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๊ต‰์žฅํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ฃ . ์ €๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์€ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋›ฐ๊ณ  ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™๊ณผ ์‚ผ๊ฐ๋ฒ•์„
06:08
I'm finding a lot of kids who need to skip algebra,
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06:10
go right to geometry and trig.
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๋ฐฐ์šธ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
Now, another kind of mind is the pattern thinker.
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๋˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ํŒจํ„ด์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
More abstract.
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๋ณด๋‹ค ์ถ”์ƒ์ ์ด์ฃ . ์—”์ง€๋‹ˆ์–ด๋“ค๊ณผ,
06:16
These are your engineers, your computer programmers.
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋จธ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
06:19
This is pattern thinking.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํŒจํ„ด ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ € ๊ธฐ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋งˆ๊ท€๋Š”
06:20
That praying mantis is made from a single sheet of paper --
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์ข…์ด ํ•œ ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ , ํ…Œ
06:23
no scotch tape, no cuts.
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์ž…์„ ์“ฐ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ฃ .
06:25
And there in the background is the pattern for folding it.
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์‚ฌ๋งˆ๊ท€๋ฅผ ์ ‘๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ํŒจํ„ด์ด ๋’ท๋ฉด์— ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:28
Here are the types of thinking:
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:30
photo-realistic visual thinkers, like me;
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์ €์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ,
06:33
pattern thinkers, music and math minds.
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ํŒจํ„ด ์‚ฌ๊ณ , ์Œ์•…๊ณผ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ .
06:37
Some of these oftentimes have problems with reading.
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์ด๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋ช‡๋ช‡์€ ์ฝ๊ธฐ์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ฃ .
06:39
You also will see these kind of problems with kids that are dyslexic.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ
์‹ค๋…์ฆ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์•„์ด์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
06:44
You'll see these different kinds of minds.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
And then there's a verbal mind, they know every fact about everything.
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์–ธ์–ด์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ฃ . ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
๋˜ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
Now, another thing is the sensory issues.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์–ผ๊ตด์— ๋‹ฌ์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ •๋ง ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
I was really concerned about having to wear this gadget on my face.
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06:55
And I came in half an hour beforehand
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 30๋ถ„ ์ „์— ์™€์„œ
06:57
so I could have it put on and kind of get used to it,
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์จ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์นœ์ˆ™ํ•ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
07:00
and they got it bent so it's not hitting my chin.
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๊ตฌ๋ถ€๋ ค์„œ ๋‚ด ํ„ฑ์— ๋‹ฟ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
07:03
But sensory is an issue.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ํ˜•๊ด‘๋“ฑ์„ ๊ดด๋กœ์›Œํ•˜๊ณ ,
07:04
Some kids are bothered by fluorescent lights;
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07:06
others have problems with sound sensitivity.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์— ์˜ˆ๋ฏผํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:09
You know, it's going to be variable.
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์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
Now, visual thinking gave me a whole lot of insight
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์‹œ๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ์ œ๊ฒŒ ๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
07:16
into the animal mind.
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๊ต‰์žฅํ•œ ํ†ต์ฐฐ๋ ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
Because think about it: an animal is a sensory-based thinker,
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด, ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋™๋ฌผ์€ ์–ธ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
07:21
not verbal -- thinks in pictures, thinks in sounds, thinks in smells.
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๊ฐ๊ฐ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ฃ .
์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ฃ . ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
07:28
Think about how much information there is on the local fire hydrant.
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์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์†Œํ™”์ „์— ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
07:31
He knows who's been there --
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๊ทธ ๊ฐœ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋…€๊ฐ”๋Š”์ง€, ์–ธ์ œ ๋‹ค๋…€๊ฐ”๋Š”์ง€,
07:32
(Laughter)
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07:33
When they were there.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์นœ๊ตฐ์ง€ ์ ์ธ์ง€, ๊ทธ์™€ ์‚ฌ๊ทˆ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์ฃ .
07:35
Are they friend or foe? Is there anybody he can go mate with?
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07:37
There's a ton of information on that fire hydrant.
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๊ทธ ์†Œํ™”์ „์—๋Š” ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:40
It's all very detailed information.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ์„ธ๋ฐ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์ฃ 
07:43
And looking at these kind of details gave me a lot of insight into animals.
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๋˜, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์„ธ๋ฐ€ํ•จ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€
์ œ๊ฒŒ ๋™๋ฌผ๋กœ์„œ ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ํ†ต์ฐฐ๋ ฅ์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
Now, the animal mind, and also my mind,
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๊ทธ ๋™๋ฌผ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ œ ๋งˆ์Œ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋Š”
07:52
puts sensory-based information into categories.
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๊ฐ๊ฐ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ
๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:56
Man on a horse,
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๋ง์„ ํƒ„ ๋‚จ์ž์™€,
07:58
and a man on the ground --
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๋•…์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž๋Š”,
08:00
that is viewed as two totally different things.
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
You could have a horse that's been abused by a rider.
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๊ธฐ์ˆ˜์˜ ํ•™๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์€ ๋ง์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
08:05
They'll be absolutely fine with the veterinarian
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์ˆ˜์˜์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ง์— ํŽธ์ž๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ๋Š”
08:07
and with the horseshoer, but you can't ride him.
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํƒ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ—ˆ๋ฝํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
You have another horse, where maybe the horseshoer beat him up,
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ง์€ ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ํŽธ์ž๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ทธ ๋ง์„ ๋‘๋“ค๊ฒจ ํŒจ์„œ,
08:13
and he'll be terrible for anything on the ground with the veterinarian,
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๋•…์—์„œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜์‚ฌ๋งˆ์ €๋„ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์„œ
์ง€๋…ํžˆ ์„œํˆฌ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ, ํƒˆ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
but a person can ride him.
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์†Œ๋“ค๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹์ด์ฃ .
08:19
Cattle are the same way.
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08:20
Man on a horse, a man on foot -- they're two different things.
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๋ง์„ ํƒ„ ๋‚จ์ž์™€,
์„œ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž๋Š”, ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:24
You see, it's a different picture.
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๋ณด๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
See, I want you to think about just how specific this is.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
Now, this ability to put information into categories,
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์ž. ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ,
08:33
I find a lot of people are not very good at this.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋Šฅ์ˆ™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
When I'm out troubleshooting equipment
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žฅ๋น„์˜ ๊ณ ์žฅ์„ ๊ณ ์น˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
08:38
or problems with something in a plant,
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์‹œ์„ค์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ,
08:40
they don't seem to be able to figure out:
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด "๊ต์œกํ›ˆ๋ จ์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜? ์•„๋‹˜, ์žฅ๋น„์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜?"๋ฅผ
08:42
"Do I have a training-people issue?
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08:44
Or do I have something wrong with the equipment?"
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ํŒŒ์•…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
In other words, categorize equipment problem from a people problem.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ฌธ์ œ์—์„œ ์žฅ๋น„๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ
๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
I find a lot of people have difficulty doing that.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ .
08:53
Now, let's say I figure out it's an equipment problem.
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์žฅ๋น„๋ฌธ์ œ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
08:56
Is it a minor problem, with something simple I can fix?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ธ๊ฐ€?
์•„๋‹˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ „์ฒด์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€?
08:59
Or is the whole design of the system wrong?
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09:01
People have a hard time figuring that out.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๋Š”๋ฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช์–ด์š”.
09:04
Let's just look at something like, you know,
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์ž, ์ข€ ๋” ์นœ์ˆ™ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์ฃ ,
09:06
solving problems with making airlines safer.
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๋” ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ์ œ์ž‘์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œํ•ด๊ฒฐ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
09:08
Yeah, I'm a million-mile flier.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋งˆ์ผ์„ ๋น„ํ–‰ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:10
I do lots and lots of flying,
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์ €๋Š” ๋น„ํ–‰์„ ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
09:12
and if I was at the FAA,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ œ๊ฐ€ FFA(์—ฐ๋ฐฉํ•ญ๊ณต๊ตญ, Federal Aviation Administration)์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
09:15
what would I be doing a lot of direct observation of?
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์–ด๋–ค ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ๊ด€์ฐฐ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
09:19
It would be their airplane tails.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ผฌ๋ฆฌ์ผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
You know, five fatal wrecks in the last 20 years,
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์ง€๋‚œ 20๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ฒˆ์˜ ์น˜๋ช…์ ์ธ ์ถ”๋ฝ์—์„œ,
09:24
the tail either came off,
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๊ผฌ๋ฆฌ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ดํƒˆ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋–ค ์‹์ด๋“ ์ง€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ์กฐํƒ€์šฉ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์ด
09:26
or steering stuff inside the tail broke in some way.
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ํŒŒ์†๋œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
It's tails, pure and simple.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ผฌ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™„์ „ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜์ฃ .
09:32
And when the pilots walk around the plane, guess what?
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์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ์•„๋ณผ ๋•Œ ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”? ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
09:34
They can't see that stuff inside the tail.
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๊ผฌ๋ฆฌ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ฃ .
09:36
Now as I think about that,
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์ €๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ,
09:38
I'm pulling up all of that specific information.
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๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋Œ์–ด ๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:41
It's specific.
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๊ทธ ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ์ƒํ–ฅ์‹์ด์ฃ .
09:42
See, my thinking's bottom-up.
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09:44
I take all the little pieces and I put the pieces together like a puzzle.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ž‘์€ ์กฐ๊ฐ๋“ค๋กœ ํผ์ฆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋งž์ถฅ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:48
Now, here is a horse that was deathly afraid of black cowboy hats.
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์ž, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฒ€์ •์ƒ‰ ์นด์šฐ๋ณด์ด ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์ฃฝ๋„๋ก ๋‘๋ ค์›Œ ํ•˜๋Š”
๋ง์ด ํ•œ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
He'd been abused by somebody with a black cowboy hat.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฒ€์ •์ƒ‰ ์นด์šฐ๋ณด์ด ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์“ด ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•™๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:54
White cowboy hats, that was absolutely fine.
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ํ•˜์–€์ƒ‰ ๋ชจ์ž๋“ค, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
09:57
Now, the thing is, the world is going to need
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์š”์ ์€, ์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€
10:00
all of the different kinds of minds to work together.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด
ํ•„์š”ํ•ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
10:04
We've got to work on developing all these different kinds of minds.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์‹œ์ผœ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
And one of the things that is driving me really crazy
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์ €๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง ๋ฏธ์น  ์ •๋„๋กœ ๋ชป ๊ฒฌ๋””๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์ผ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”,
10:10
as I travel around and I do autism meetings,
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์žํ์ฆ ๋ชจ์ž„์— ์ฐธ์„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•  ๋•Œ
10:12
is I'm seeing a lot of smart, geeky, nerdy kids,
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์ •๋ง ๋งŽ์€ ์˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ดด์งœ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ฉ์ฒญํ•œ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
and they just aren't very social,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๊ต์„ฑ์ด ์—†์–ด์š”.
10:18
and nobody's working on developing their interest
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๊ณผํ•™๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ
์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„๋ฐœ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
10:21
in something like science.
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10:22
And this brings up the whole thing of my science teacher.
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์ด ์ ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ œ ๊ณผํ•™์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์„ ๋ถ€๊ฐ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
10:25
My science teacher is shown absolutely beautifully in the movie.
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์ œ ๊ณผํ•™์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ์˜ํ™”์—์„œ ์ •๋ง ๋ฉ‹์ง€๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ ค์กŒ์ฃ .
10:28
I was a goofball student when I was in high school.
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์ €๋Š” ์–ผ๊ฐ„์ด ํ•™์ƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต์— ๋‹ค๋‹ ๋•Œ,
์ €๋Š” ๊ณต๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ „ํ˜€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
10:31
I just didn't care at all about studying,
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10:33
until I had Mr. Carlock's science class.
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์นผ๋ฝ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์˜ ๊ณผํ•™ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ์ด์ „๊นŒ์ง€์ฃ .
10:36
He was now Dr. Carlock in the movie.
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์˜ํ™”์—์„œ๋Š” ์นผ๋ฝ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜ค์‹œ์ฃ .
10:39
And he got me challenged to figure out an optical illusion room.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ €๋ฅผ ๋…๋ คํ•ด์„œ
๊ด‘ํ•™์  ์ฐฉ์‹œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
10:45
This brings up the whole thing of you've got to show kids
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š”
10:47
interesting stuff.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๊ทน๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:49
You know, one of the things that I think maybe TED ought to do
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ, TED๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€
10:52
is tell all the schools about all the great lectures that are on TED,
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TED์—์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๊ฐ•์˜์™€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์— ์žˆ๋Š”
๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ํ•™๊ต์— ์•Œ๋ ค์„œ
10:56
and there's all kinds of great stuff on the Internet
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๊นจ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:58
to get these kids turned on.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ดด์งœ, ๋ฉ์ฒญ์ด ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ณด๋Š”๋ฐ,
11:00
Because I'm seeing a lot of these geeky, nerdy kids,
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11:02
and the teachers out in the Midwest and other parts of the country
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์ค‘์„œ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์€,
11:05
when you get away from these tech areas,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด,
11:07
they don't know what to do with these kids.
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์ด ์•„์ด๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด์ฐŒํ•  ๋ฐ”๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:09
And they're not going down the right path.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๊ธธ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
11:11
The thing is, you can make a mind
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์š”์ ์€ ์ •์‹ ์„ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์ ์ด๊ณ 
11:13
to be more of a thinking and cognitive mind,
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์ธ์ง€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:16
or your mind can be wired to be more social.
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๋ณด๋‹ค ์‚ฌํšŒ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ •์‹ ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
11:18
And what some of the research now has shown in autism
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์žํ์ฆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€,
11:21
is there may by extra wiring back here in the really brilliant mind,
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์ •๋ง ์ฒœ์žฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์ด ๋’ท์ชฝ์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์—
์ด๊ณณ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์„ฑ ํšŒ๋กœ์— ์†์‹ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:25
and we lose a few social circuits here.
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์ƒ๊ฐ๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์„ฑ์„ ๊ตํ™˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ฃ .
11:27
It's kind of a trade-off between thinking and social.
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11:30
And then you can get to the point where it's so severe,
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๋˜ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ทธ ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•ด์„œ
11:32
you're going to have a person that's going to be non-verbal.
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๋ง์„ ์ „ํ˜€ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
11:35
In the normal human mind,
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์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์—์„œ๋Š”
11:37
language covers up the visual thinking we share with animals.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋™๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์–ธ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์™„ํ•ด ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:40
This is the work of Dr. Bruce Miller.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€๋ฃจ์Šค ๋ฐ€๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์˜ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋‡Œ ์ „๋‘์—ฝ ์น˜๋งค์ฆ์„ ์•“๋Š”
11:44
He studied Alzheimer's patients that had frontal temporal lobe dementia.
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์•Œ์ธ ํ•˜์ด๋จธ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
11:48
And the dementia ate out the language parts of the brain.
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๊ทธ ์น˜๋งค์ฆ์€ ๋‘๋‡Œ์˜ ์–ธ์–ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ž ์‹ํ•ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:51
And then this artwork came out of somebody
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์ด ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์€ ์ฐจ์— ์Šคํ…Œ๋ ˆ์˜ค๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:53
who used to install stereos in cars.
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11:56
Now, Van Gogh doesn't know anything about physics,
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์ž, ๋ฐ˜ ๊ณ ํ˜ธ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
but I think it's very interesting that there was some work done
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
์ž‘์—…์„ ๋งค์šฐ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:03
to show that this eddy pattern in this painting
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์†Œ์šฉ๋Œ์ด ํŒจํ„ด์€
12:06
followed a statistical model of turbulence,
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ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๋‚œ๋ฅ˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ทธ๋ ค์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:09
which brings up the whole interesting idea
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์ฆ‰ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์ ์ธ ํŒจํ„ด์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€
12:11
of maybe some of this mathematical patterns is in our own head.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์†์— ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š”
ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
12:15
And the Wolfram stuff --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šธํ”„๋žจ์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฉ”๋ชจํ•˜๊ณ 
12:17
I was taking notes and writing down all the search words I could use,
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰์–ด๋ฅผ
๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
12:21
because I think that's going to go on in my autism lectures.
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์ œ ์žํ์ฆ ๊ฐ•์˜์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:25
We've got to show these kids interesting stuff.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์–ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:27
And they've taken out the auto-shop class
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ •๋น„์†Œ ๊ฐ•์˜,
12:29
and the drafting class and the art class.
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์„ค๊ณ„๋„ ์ž‘์„ฑ ๊ฐ•์˜, ๋ฏธ์ˆ  ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:31
I mean, art was my best subject in school.
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๋ฏธ์ˆ ์€ ํ•™์ฐฝ ์‹œ์ ˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ ค ์ž˜ํ•œ ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
12:34
We've got to think about all these different kinds of minds,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
12:37
and we've got to absolutely work with these kind of minds,
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12:39
because we absolutely are going to need
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์—๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
12:42
these kinds of people in the future.
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์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
12:45
And let's talk about jobs.
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ์ง์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
12:47
OK, my science teacher got me studying,
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์ œ ๊ณผํ•™ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ์ €๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์ฃ ,
12:49
because I was a goofball that didn't want to study.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹ซ์–ดํ–ˆ๋˜ ์–ผ๊ฐ„์ด์˜€๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
12:52
But you know what? I was getting work experience.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์Œ“๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
12:54
I'm seeing too many of these smart kids who haven't learned basic things,
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์ €๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ์˜๋ฆฌํ•œ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ ์ธ ์ผ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š”๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
12:58
like how to be on time -- I was taught that when I was eight years old.
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿ์‚ด ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ์ฃ .
ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ์ผ์š”์ผ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹์‚ฌ์˜ˆ์ ˆ๋„ ๋ฐฐ์› ์ฃ .
13:01
How to have table manners at granny's Sunday party.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:04
I was taught that when I was very, very young.
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13:06
And when I was 13, I had a job at a dressmaker's shop sewing clothes.
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๋˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ด์„ธ์‚ด์ด์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์–‘์žฅ์ ์—์„œ
์˜ท์„ ํŒ”์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:11
I did internships in college,
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๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒฌ์Šต์ƒ์„ ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
13:14
I was building things,
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๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:17
and I also had to learn how to do assignments.
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ํ• ๋‹น๋œ ์ผ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€๋„ ๋ฐฐ์› ์ฃ .
13:20
You know, all I wanted to do was draw pictures of horses when I was little.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ์›ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ „๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:24
My mother said, "Well let's do a picture of something else."
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์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ, โ€œ์ž, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ค๋ณด์ž.โ€
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋„ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:27
They've got to learn how to do something else.
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ํ•œ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ ˆ๊ณ ์— ์ง‘์ฐฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ .
13:29
Let's say the kid is fixated on Legos.
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๊ทธ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋„๋ก ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:31
Let's get him working on building different things.
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13:33
The thing about the autistic mind is it tends to be fixated.
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์žํ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŠน์ง•์€
์ง‘์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
13:37
Like if the kid loves race cars, let's use race cars for math.
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๋งŒ์•ฝ์— ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์šฉ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์šฉ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๊ณต๋ถ€์— ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:41
Let's figure out how long it takes a race car to go a certain distance.
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๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์šฉ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ง€์ ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
13:44
In other words, use that fixation
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๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๋งํ•ด์„œ, ๊ทธ ์ง‘์ฐฉ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
13:47
in order to motivate that kid, that's one of the things we need to do.
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์•„์ด์—๊ฒŒ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ฃ .
13:51
I really get fed up when the teachers,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์ •๋ง ์‹ ๋ฌผ์ด ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์„ ์ƒ๋“ค์€
13:54
especially when you get away from this part of the country,
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚œ ๊ณณ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋“ค์€
13:57
they don't know what to do with these smart kids.
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์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์˜๋ฆฌํ•œ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด์ฐŒํ•  ๋ฐ”๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ •๋ง ์ €๋ฅผ ํ™˜์žฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ฃ .
14:00
It just drives me crazy.
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14:01
What can visual thinkers do when they grow up?
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์‹œ๊ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž๋ผ๋ฉด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
14:03
They can do graphic design, all kinds of stuff with computers,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์ผ๋“ค์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
14:06
photography, industrial design.
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์‚ฌ์ง„์ดฌ์˜, ์‚ฐ์—…๋””์ž์ธ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:11
The pattern thinkers -- they're the ones that are going to be your mathematicians,
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ํŒจํ„ด์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€,
์ˆ˜ํ•™์ž, ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ์—”์ง€๋‹ˆ์–ด,
14:15
your software engineers, your computer programmers,
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋จธ๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ง์—…์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:18
all of those kinds of jobs.
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14:20
And then you've got the word minds; they make great journalists,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด, ์–ธ์–ด์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ต‰์žฅํ•œ ์–ธ๋ก ์ธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:23
and they also make really, really good stage actors.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ •๋ง ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ ์—ฐ๊ธฐ์ž๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์›Œ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:26
Because the thing about being autistic is,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ์žํ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€,
14:28
I had to learn social skills like being in a play.
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์—ฐ๊ทน์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์‚ฌ๊ต์ˆ ์„ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
14:31
You just kind of ... you just have to learn it.
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์‚ฌ๊ต์ˆ ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
14:34
And we need to be working with these students.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:37
And this brings up mentors.
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๋ฉ˜ํ† ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์ฃ .
14:39
You know, my science teacher was not an accredited teacher.
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์ œ ๊ณผํ•™์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ์ž๊ฒฉ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:42
He was a NASA space scientist.
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๊ทธ๋Š” NASA์˜ ์šฐ์ฃผ๊ณผํ•™์ž์˜€์ฃ .
14:44
Some states now are getting it to where, if you have a degree in biology
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์ด์ œ, ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ต๋‹จ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉํ•˜์—ฌ
์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ด๋‚˜ ํ™”ํ•™ ํ•™์œ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด,
14:47
or in chemistry,
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14:48
you can come into the school and teach biology or chemistry.
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์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด๋‚˜ ํ™”ํ•™์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:51
We need to be doing that.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:53
Because what I'm observing is,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ ๋ฐ”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด,
14:55
the good teachers, for a lot of these kids,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด
14:57
are out in the community colleges.
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์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ์นผ๋ฆฌ์ง€์— ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:59
But we need to be getting some of these good teachers
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข‹์€ ๊ต์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:01
into the high schools.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•„์ฃผ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
15:03
Another thing that can be very, very, very successful is:
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์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ์‚ฐ์—…๊ณ„์—์„œ ์€ํ‡ดํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
15:06
there's a lot of people that may have retired
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15:08
from working in the software industry,
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์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:10
and they can teach your kid.
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๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์˜ค๋žœ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„ ์ƒ๊ด€ ์—†์ฃ ,
15:12
And it doesn't matter if what they teach them is old,
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15:14
because what you're doing is you're lighting the spark.
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ์ŠคํŒŒํฌ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ์ผ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
15:17
You're getting that kid turned on.
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์•„์ด์˜ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ผ๊นจ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
15:20
And you get him turned on, then you'll learn all the new stuff.
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์ผ๋‹จ ํฅ๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๋™ํ•˜๋ฉด, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:23
Mentors are just essential.
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๋ฉ˜ํ† ๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ง ํ•„์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:25
I cannot emphasize enough what my science teacher did for me.
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์ œ ๊ณผํ•™ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ํ•ด์ค€ ๊ฒƒ์€
์•„๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ด๋„ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
15:30
And we've got to mentor them, hire them.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฉ˜ํ† ๋ฅผ ๊ผญ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:33
And if you bring them in for internships in your companies,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ด๋“ค์„ ๊ฒฌ์Šต์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค์˜ฌ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ,
์žํ์ฆ์ด๋‚˜ ์•„์Šคํผ๊ฑฐ ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
15:36
the thing about the autism, Asperger-y kind of mind,
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15:38
you've got to give them a specific task.
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๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ค˜์•ผ ํ•˜์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ "์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•ด"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
15:40
Don't just say, "Design new software."
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:42
You've got to tell them something more specific:
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"์ „ํ™”๊ธฐ์šฉ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
15:44
"We're designing software for a phone
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15:46
and it has to do some specific thing,
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๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€์ด ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ,
15:48
and it can only use so much memory."
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ํ•œ์ •๋œ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ๋งŒ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”"๋ผ๋Š” ์‹์˜
15:50
That's the kind of specificity you need.
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๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:52
Well, that's the end of my talk.
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์ด๊ฒŒ ์ œ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์˜ ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:54
And I just want to thank everybody for coming.
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์ฐธ์„ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ„๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ตฐ์š”.
15:56
It was great to be here.
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์ด๊ณณ์— ์„œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ์˜๊ด‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:58
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
16:09
(Applause ends)
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์ข‹์•„์š”.
16:12
Oh -- you have a question for me? OK.
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16:13
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
(ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์•ค๋”์Šจ): ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:16
Chris Anderson: Thank you so much for that.
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16:18
You know, you once wrote -- I like this quote:
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์ €๋Š” ์ €์„œ ์ค‘์— ์ด ๋Œ€๋ชฉ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:20
"If by some magic, autism had been eradicated from the face of the Earth,
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โ€œ์–ด๋–ค ๋งˆ์ˆ ์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์—์„œ
์žํ์ฆ์„ ์—†์• ๋ฒ„๋ ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
16:25
then men would still be socializing in front of a wood fire
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์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋™๊ตด ์ž…๊ตฌ์— ์ง€ํ•€ ๋ชจ๋‹ฅ๋ถˆ ์•ž์—์„œ
16:28
at the entrance to a cave."
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๋…ธ๋‹ฅ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค."
16:29
(Laughter)
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16:30
Temple Grandin: Because who do you think made the first stone spear?
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(ํ…œํ”Œ ๊ทธ๋ Œ๋”˜): ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋Œ์ฐฝ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”?
์•„์Šคํผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ์žํ์ฆ ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ์—†์•ด๋‹ค๋ฉด,
16:33
It was the Asperger guy,
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16:35
and if you were to get rid of all the autism genetics,
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์‹ค๋ฆฌ์ฝ˜ ๋ฐธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ,
16:37
there'd be no more Silicon Valley, and the energy crisis would not be solved.
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
16:41
(Applause)
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16:42
CA: I want to ask you a couple other questions,
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(ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์•ค๋”์Šจ): ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋„ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋„ค์š”.
์ ์ ˆ์น˜ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
16:45
and if any of these feel inappropriate, it's OK just to say, "Next question."
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โ€œ๋‹ค์Œ ์งˆ๋ฌธโ€์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
16:48
But if there is someone here who has an autistic child,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ
์žํ์„ฑํ–ฅ์˜ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
16:52
or knows an autistic child and feels kind of cut off from them,
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์žํ์ฆ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„๋‹จ๋ฐ›์€ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋‹จ์ ˆ์ด ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค๋ฉด,
16:57
what advice would you give them?
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์–ด๋–ค ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
16:59
TG: Well, first of all, we've got to look at age.
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(TG) ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”. ๋จผ์ €, ๋‚˜์ด๋ฅผ ๋ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‘์‚ด, ์„ธ์‚ด, ๋„ค์‚ด์˜,
17:02
If you have a two, three or four-year-old, no speech, no social interaction,
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๋ง์ด ์—†๊ณ , ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์ด ์—†๋Š” ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
17:05
I can't emphasize enough: Don't wait.
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์•„๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ด๋„ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์€,
๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— ์ ์–ด๋„ 20์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ผ๋Œ€์ผ ๊ต์Šต์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:08
You need at least 20 hours a week of one-to-one teaching.
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17:11
The thing is, autism comes in different degrees.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ์žํ์ฆ์˜ ์ฆ์ƒ์€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:14
About half of the people on the spectrum are not going to learn to talk,
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์žํ์ฆ ์ŠคํŽ™ํŠธ๋Ÿผ ์ƒ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜ ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ , ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์ฝ˜ ๋ฐธ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ• ํ…๋ฐ,
17:17
and they won't be working in Silicon Valley.
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์กฐ์น˜๋Š” ์•„๋‹ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:19
That would not be a reasonable thing for them to do.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ดด์งœ์ธ
17:22
But then you get these smart, geeky kids with a touch of autism,
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์žํ์•„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
17:25
and that's where you've got to get them turned on
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ผ์„ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ,
17:27
with doing interesting things.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๊นจ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:29
I got social interaction through shared interests --
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์ €๋Š” ํฅ๋ฏธ ๊ณต์œ ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:32
I rode horses with other kids, I made model rockets with other kids,
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•„์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ๋ง์„ ํƒ€๊ณ  ๋กœ์ผ€ํŠธ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ ,
17:36
did electronics lab with other kids.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•„์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ์ „๊ธฐ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
17:38
And in the '60s, it was gluing mirrors onto a rubber membrane on a speaker
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๋˜ 60๋…„๋Œ€์—๋Š” ์Šคํ”ผ์ปค์— ๋ถ€์ฐฉ๋œ ๊ณ ๋ฌด๋ง‰์—
๊ฑฐ์šธ์„ ๋ถ™์—ฌ์„œ ์กฐ๋ช… ์‡ผ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
17:42
to make a light show.
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17:43
That was, like, we considered that super cool.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ •๋ง ๊ต‰์žฅํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
17:46
(Laughter)
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(CA) ์žํ์•„๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ 
17:47
CA: Is it unrealistic for them
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17:48
to hope or think that that child loves them, as some might, as most, wish?
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์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
์ƒ๊ฐ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์  ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
17:53
TG: Well, I tell you, that child will be loyal,
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(TG): ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑด, ๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋Š” ์ถฉ์„ฑ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:55
and if your house is burning down, they're going to get you out of it.
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ง‘์ด ๋ถˆํƒ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ํƒˆ์ถœ์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
(CA): ๋†€๋ž๋„ค์š”. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
17:59
CA: Wow. So most people, if you ask them what they're most passionate about,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์—ด์ •์„ ์Ÿ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ์ธ๊ฐ€๋ผ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—
18:02
they'd say things like, "My kids" or "My lover."
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"์•„์ด๋“ค" ํ˜น์€ "์• ์ธ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ• ํ…๋ฐ์š”.
๊ฐ€์žฅ ์—ด์ •์ ์ธ ๋Œ€์ƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
18:06
What are you most passionate about?
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18:08
TG: I'm passionate about that the things I do
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(TG): ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ด์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€
์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋” ์ข‹์€ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:11
are going to make the world a better place.
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์žํ์„ฑํ–ฅ์˜ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๋‘” ์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๋ง๋“ค,
18:13
When I have a mother of an autistic child say,
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โ€œ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ฑ… ๋•๋ถ„์—, ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ•์˜ ๋•๋ถ„์—
18:15
"My kid went to college because of your book
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ๊ฐ”์–ด์š”โ€๋ž€ ๋ง๋“ค์ด ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:17
or one of your lectures,"
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18:18
that makes me happy.
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์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์ €๋Š” 80๋…„๋Œ€ ๋„์‚ด์žฅ์—์„œ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:19
You know, the slaughter plants I worked with in the '80s;
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์•„์ฃผ ์ง€๋…ํ•œ ๊ณณ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
18:22
they were absolutely awful.
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18:23
I developed a really simple scoring system for slaughter plants,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋„์‚ด์žฅ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋งŒ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
18:27
where you just measure outcomes:
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์“ฐ๋Ÿฌ์ง€๊ณ ,
18:28
How many cattle fell down?
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ผฌ์ฑ™์ด์— ์ฐํ˜”๋Š”์ง€,
18:30
How many got poked with the prodder?
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18:31
How many cattle are mooing their heads off?
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์ง„๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟจ๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:34
And it's very, very simple.
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18:35
You directly observe a few simple things.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋งŒ ์ง์ ‘ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:37
It's worked really well.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ž˜ ์ž‘๋™ํ–ˆ์ฃ . ์‹ค์ œ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ
18:38
I get satisfaction out of seeing stuff
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์‹ค์ œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด,
18:41
that makes real change in the real world.
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๋งŒ์กฑ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ .
18:43
We need a lot more of that, and a lot less abstract stuff.
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์ถ”์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋œ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:46
CA: Totally.
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
18:47
(Applause)
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18:52
CA: When we were talking on the phone, one of the things you said
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(CA): ์ „ํ™” ํ†ตํ™”ํ•  ๋•Œ, ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์…จ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘์—
์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ž๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
18:56
that really astonished me
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18:57
was that one thing you were passionate about was server farms.
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์„œ๋ฒ„ํŒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ด์ •์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข€ ๋” ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
19:01
Tell me about that.
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(TG): ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ •๋ง ํฅ๋ถ„ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
19:02
TG: Well, the reason why I got really excited when I read about that,
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ง€์‹์„ ๋‹ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
19:05
it contains knowledge.
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19:07
It's libraries.
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๋„์„œ๊ด€์ด์ฃ .
19:09
And to me, knowledge is something that is extremely valuable.
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์ œ๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์–ด ์ง€์‹์€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€
๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์•„๋งˆ 10๋…„ ์ „์ฏค์—
19:12
So, maybe over 10 years ago now, our library got flooded.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋„์„œ๊ด€์— ํ™์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฌ์—ˆ์ฃ .
19:15
This is before the Internet got really big.
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์ด ์ •๋ง ์ปค์ง€๊ธฐ ์ „์˜ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
19:17
And I was really upset about all the books being wrecked,
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์ €๋Š” ์ฑ…๋“ค์ด ์กฐ๋‚œ๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๋งˆ์Œ ์•„ํŒ ์–ด์š”.
๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ง€์‹์ด ํŒŒ๊ดด๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
19:20
because it was knowledge being destroyed.
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์„œ๋ฒ„ํŒœ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐ์ดํƒ€ ์„ผํ„ฐ๋Š”
19:22
And server farms, or data centers, are great libraries of knowledge.
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์ง€์‹์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋„์„œ๊ด€์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
19:26
CA: Temple, can I just say,
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(CA) ํ…œํ”Œ, ํ…Œ๋“œ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ชจ์‹œ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ •๋ง ๊ธฐ์จ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
19:28
it's an absolute delight to have you at TED.
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(TG) ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”. ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:30
Thank you so much.
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19:31
TG: Well, thank you so much. Thank you.
433
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
19:33
(Applause)
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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