The mysterious world of underwater caves | Jill Heinerth

478,278 views ใƒป 2016-02-08

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Kyunghee Jung ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:13
I'm an underwater explorer,
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์ €๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค‘ ํƒํ—˜๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
more specifically a cave diver.
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ๋™๊ตด ๋‹ค์ด๋ฒ„์ง€์š”.
00:21
I wanted to be an astronaut when I was a little kid,
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์ €๋Š” ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
but growing up in Canada as a young girl, that wasn't really available to me.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์†Œ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฟˆ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:29
But as it turns out, we know a lot more about space
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ณด๋‹ˆ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค
00:33
than we do about the underground waterways coursing through our planet,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ–‰์„ฑ์„ ๋šซ๊ณ  ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ง€ํ•˜ ์ˆ˜๋กœ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
00:37
the very lifeblood of Mother Earth.
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
So I decided to do something that was even more remarkable.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ํ•œ์ธต ๋” ๋†€๋ž„ ๋งŒํ•œ ์ผ์— ๋›ฐ์–ด๋“ค๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:45
Instead of exploring outer space,
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๋Œ€๊ธฐ๊ถŒ ๋ฐ–์˜ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ํƒํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋Œ€์‹ ์—
00:47
I wanted to explore the wonders of inner space.
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ํ•ด๋ฉด ๋ฐ‘์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ด๋ฅผ ํƒํ—˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
Now, a lot of people will tell you
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋™๊ตด ๋‹ค์ด๋น™์ด
00:53
that cave diving is perhaps one of the most dangerous endeavors.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์ž„๋ฌด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ผ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
I mean, imagine yourself here in this room,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ด ๊ณณ์ด ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ˆ˜์ค‘์ธ๋ฐ
01:01
if you were suddenly plunged into blackness,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์•”ํ‘ ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋น ์ ธ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
01:04
with your only job to find the exit,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๊ณผ์ œ๋Š” ์ถœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
sometimes swimming through these large spaces,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋„“์€ ๊ณณ์„ ํ—ค์—„์น  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
01:09
and at other times crawling beneath the seats,
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์–ด๋–จ ๋•Œ์—๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ๋ฆฐ ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ์„ ์ข‡์œผ๋ฉด์„œ
01:12
following a thin guideline,
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๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ ๋ฐ‘์„ ๊ธฐ์–ด๋‹ค๋…€์•ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
just waiting for the life support to provide your very next breath.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ˆจ์„ ๋‚ด๋ฑ‰๊ฒŒ ํ•ด ์ค„ ์ƒ๋ช… ์œ ์ง€ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฉด์„œ์š”.
01:19
Well, that's my workplace.
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์ œ ์—…๋ฌด ํ˜„์žฅ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
But what I want to teach you today
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ์•Œ๋ ค ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€
01:24
is that our world is not one big solid rock.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž—๊ณ  ๋‹จ๋‹จํ•œ ๋ฐ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
01:29
It's a whole lot more like a sponge.
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์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์ŠคํŽ€์ง€์— ํ›จ์”ฌ ๊ฐ€๊น๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
I can swim through a lot of the pores in our earth's sponge,
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์ €๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์ŠคํŽ€์ง€์˜ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ—ค์—„์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
01:35
but where I can't,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ๋„,
01:37
other life-forms and other materials can make that journey without me.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด์™€ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ์—ฌ์ •์„ ํ•ด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
And my voice is the one that's going to teach you
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜
01:45
about the inside of Mother Earth.
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๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
There was no guidebook available to me
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ๊ทน์˜ ๋น™์‚ฐ์—์„œ ๋™๊ตด ๋‹ค์ด๋น™์„ ํ•˜๋Š”
01:53
when I decided to be the first person to cave dive inside Antarctic icebergs.
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์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ๋˜๊ณ ์ž ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ œ๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์•ˆ๋‚ด์„œ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
In 2000, this was the largest moving object on the planet.
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2000๋…„ ๋‹น์‹œ ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ์ด ๋น™์‚ฐ์€
02:04
It calved off the Ross Ice Shelf,
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๋กœ์Šค ๋น™๋ถ•์—์„œ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ,
02:06
and we went down there to explore ice edge ecology
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋น™์‚ฐ๋ฉด์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ผ์Œ ๋ฐ‘์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
02:09
and search for life-forms beneath the ice.
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๊ทธ ์–ผ์Œ ๋ฐ‘์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
We use a technology called rebreathers.
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์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค‘ ์žฌํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ๋ผ๋Š”
02:15
It's an awful lot like the same technology that is used for space walks.
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์šฐ์ฃผ ์œ ์˜์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋งค์šฐ ํก์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:19
This technology enables us to go deeper
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์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ถˆ๊ณผ 10๋…„ ์ „์—๋Š”
02:22
than we could've imagined even 10 years ago.
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์ƒ์ƒ๋„ ๋ชป ํ–ˆ์„ ์ •๋„์˜ ๊นŠ์€ ๊ณณ๊นŒ์ง€ ํƒํ—˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
We use exotic gases,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŠน์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
02:27
and we can make missions even up to 20 hours long underwater.
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์ˆ˜์ค‘์—์„œ 20์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋„๊นŒ์ง€ ์ž„๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
I work with biologists.
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์ €๋Š” ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ์ผํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ,
02:35
It turns out that caves are repositories of amazing life-forms,
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๋™๊ตด์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌํƒœ ๊ทธ ์กด์žฌ๋ฅผ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋˜
02:39
species that we never knew existed before.
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๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋“ค์˜ ๋ณด๊ณ ์ž„์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
Many of these life-forms live in unusual ways.
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์ด ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋“ค ์ค‘์˜ ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ํŠน์ดํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
They have no pigment and no eyes in many cases,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ชธ์— ์ƒ‰์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ณ , ๋ˆˆ์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
and these animals are also extremely long-lived.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์€ ์•„์ฃผ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์‚ฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
In fact, animals swimming in these caves today
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋™๊ตด๋“ค์„ ํ—ค์—„์น˜๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์€
02:59
are identical in the fossil record
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ํ™”์„ ๊ธฐ๋ก์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
03:01
that predates the extinction of the dinosaurs.
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๊ณต๋ฃก์˜ ๋ฉธ์ข… ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์กด์žฌํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
So imagine that: these are like little swimming dinosaurs.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ํ—ค์—„์น ์ค„ ์•„๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๊ณต๋ฃก๋“ค ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
03:08
What can they teach us about evolution and survival?
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์ง„ํ™”์™€ ์ƒ์กด์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
03:13
When we look at an animal like this remipede swimming in the jar,
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๋ณ‘ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ํ—ค์—„์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด '๋ ˆ๋ฏธํ”ผ๋“œ'๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒ๋ฌผ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”
03:17
he has giant fangs with venom.
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๋…์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ์†ก๊ณณ๋‹ˆ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
He can actually attack something 40 times his size and kill it.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์˜ 40๋ฐฐ ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์„ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฃฝ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
If he were the size of a cat,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜€๋‹ค๋ฉด,
03:26
he'd be the most dangerous thing on our planet.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ฃ .
03:29
And these animals live in remarkably beautiful places,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์€ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์„œ์‹ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
03:33
and in some cases, caves like this, that are very young,
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹ ์ƒ ๋™๊ตด๋“ค์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
yet the animals are ancient.
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์ƒ๋ฌผ ์ž์ฒด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€๋ฐ๋„ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
How did they get there?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ €๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ„ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
03:41
I also work with physicists,
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์ €๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์—
03:44
and they're interested oftentimes in global climate change.
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๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž๋“ค๊ณผ๋„ ์ผํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
03:47
They can take rocks within the caves,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋™๊ตด ์•ˆ์˜ ๋Œ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค๊ฐ€
03:50
and they can slice them and look at the layers within with rocks,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ž˜๋ผ์„œ ๋Œ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ๋งˆ์น˜ ๋‚˜์ดํ…Œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ
03:53
much like the rings of a tree,
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์ธต๋“ค์„ ํ™•์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:55
and they can count back in history
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๊พธ๋กœ ๋˜์งš๊ณ 
03:57
and learn about the climate on our planet at very different times.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋Œ€์— ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ธฐํ›„๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋• ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
The red that you see in this photograph
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์—์„œ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋ถ‰์€์ƒ‰์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค
04:03
is actually dust from the Sahara Desert.
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์‚ฌํ•˜๋ผ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์—์„œ ์˜จ ํ™๋จผ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
So it's been picked up by wind, blown across the Atlantic Ocean.
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๋ฐ”๋žŒ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ณจ๋ผ๋‚ด์–ด์ง„ ๋จผ์ง€๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€์„œ์–‘์„ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์งˆ๋Ÿฌ ๋ถˆ์–ด์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ,
04:10
It's rained down in this case on the island of Abaco in the Bahamas.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ฐ”ํ•˜๋งˆ์˜ ์•„๋ฐ”์ฝ” ์„ฌ์— ์Ÿ์•„์ง„ ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ฒ ๊ตฐ์š”.
04:15
It soaks in through the ground
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๋•…์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•ด ์Šค๋ฉฐ๋“  ํ™์ด ์นจ์ „๋˜์–ด
04:16
and deposits itself in the rocks within these caves.
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๋™๊ตด ์•ˆ์˜ ๋Œ๋“ค์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
And when we look back in the layers of these rocks, we can find times
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋Œ๋“ค์˜ ์ธต๋“ค์„ ํ™•์ธํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ,
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ธฐํ›„๊ฐ€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฑด์กฐํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
04:24
when the climate was very, very dry on earth,
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04:27
and we can go back many hundreds of thousands of years.
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์ˆ˜ ์‹ญ๋งŒ ๋…„ ์ „์˜ ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™” ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฐ€๋Š ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
Paleoclimatologists are also interested
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๊ณ  ๊ธฐํ›„ํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
04:34
in where the sea level stands were at other times on earth.
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ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ด ์–ด๋””์— ์œ„์น˜ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
Here in Bermuda, my team and I embarked
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์ด๊ณณ ๋ฒ„๋ฎค๋‹ค์—์„œ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ €๋Š”
04:40
on the deepest manned dives ever conducted in the region,
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์ด ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊นŠ์€ ๊ณณ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ž ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
and we were looking for places
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด์˜
04:45
where the sea level used to lap up against the shoreline,
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ํ”ผํŠธ ์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ, ํ•œ๋•Œ๋Š” ํ•ด์•ˆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ๋ฐ€๋ ค์™€ ์ฒ ์ฉ๊ฑฐ๋ ธ์„
04:48
many hundreds of feet below current levels.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
I also get to work with paleontologists and archaeologists.
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์ €๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ณ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ž์™€ ๊ณ ๊ณ ํ•™์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ์ผํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
In places like Mexico, in the Bahamas, and even in Cuba,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”, ๋ฐ”ํ•˜๋งˆ, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ฟ ๋ฐ” ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณณ์—์„œ
05:00
we're looking at cultural remains and also human remains in caves,
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๋™๊ตด ์•ˆ์— ์ž”์žฌํ•œ ๋ฌธํ™” ์œ ์ ๋“ค๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์œ ํ•ด๋“ค์„ ๋ฉด๋ฐ€ํžˆ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
and they tell us a lot
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ
05:06
about some of the earliest inhabitants of these regions.
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๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ์— ์‚ด์•˜๋˜ ์ดˆ์ฐฝ๊ธฐ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค ์ผ๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋งํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:10
But my very favorite project of all was over 15 years ago,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ตœ๊ณ ๋กœ ๊ผฝ๋Š” ์ž„๋ฌด๋Š”, 15์—ฌ ๋…„ ์ „
05:14
when I was a part of the team that made the very first
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€ํ•˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฐ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ 3์ฐจ์› ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ
05:16
accurate, three-dimensional map of a subterranean surface.
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์ œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋˜ ํŒ€์˜ ์ผ์›์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
This device that I'm driving through the cave
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๊ณ  ์ด๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ์žฅ์น˜๋Š”
05:22
was actually creating a three-dimensional model as we drove it.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ์— 3์ฐจ์› ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
We also used ultra low frequency radio
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๋˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™๊ตด ์•ˆ์—์„œ์˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ
05:29
to broadcast back to the surface our exact position within the cave.
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์ง€๋ฉด ์œ„๋กœ ์ „ํŒŒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ดˆ์ €์ฃผํŒŒ ๋ฌด์„ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
05:34
So I swam under houses and businesses and bowling alleys and golf courses,
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์•Œ๊ณ  ๋ณด๋‹ˆ ์ €๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ •์ง‘๊ณผ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ๋“ค, ๋ณผ๋ง์žฅ๊ณผ ๊ณจํ”„์žฅ๋“ค,
05:39
and even under a Sonny's BBQ Restaurant,
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์œ ๋ช… ๋ฐ”๋ฒ ํ ์ฒด์ธ์  ๋ฐ‘์„ ํ—ค์—„์ณ ์ง€๋‚ฌ๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
05:43
Pretty remarkable, and what that taught me
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๊ต‰์žฅํ•˜์ฃ . ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€
05:45
was that everything we do on the surface of our earth
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ์ง€๋ฉด์—์„œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ๋“ค์ด
05:48
will be returned to us to drink.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๋Œ์•„์˜จ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
Our water planet is not just rivers, lakes and oceans,
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๋ฌผ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ฐ•์ด๋‚˜ ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜, ๋ฐ”๋‹ค ๋ฟ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
05:55
but it's this vast network of groundwater that knits us all together.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€ํ•˜์ˆ˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋ง์—๋„ ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:00
It's a shared resource from which we all drink.
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์ง€ํ•˜์ˆ˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ณต์šฉ ์ž์›์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
And when we can understand our human connections with our groundwater
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ง€ํ•˜์ˆ˜,
๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ˆ˜์ž์›๊ณผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
06:08
and all of our water resources on this planet,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ธˆ์„ธ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์•ˆ๊ฑด์ผ
06:11
then we'll be working on the problem
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06:12
that's probably the most important issue of this century.
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๋ฌผ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์• ์“ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
So I never got to be that astronaut that I always wanted to be,
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ฟˆ๊พธ๋˜ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
06:20
but this mapping device, designed by Dr. Bill Stone, will be.
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๋นŒ ์Šคํ†ค ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์•ˆํ•œ ์ด ์ง€๋„ ์ œ์ž‘ ์žฅ์น˜๋Š”, ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:24
It's actually morphed.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ์žฅ์น˜๋Š”
06:25
It's now a self-swimming autonomous robot,
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์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์„ ์žฅ์ฐฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ญํ•ดํ•˜๋Š”
06:28
artificially intelligent,
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๋กœ๋ด‡์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๋ชจํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:30
and its ultimate goal is to go to Jupiter's moon Europa
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์ด๊ฒƒ์˜ ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์ธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ๋ชฉ์„ฑ์˜ ์œ„์„ฑ์ธ ์œ ๋กœํŒŒ์— ๊ฐ€์„œ
06:34
and explore oceans beneath the frozen surface of that body.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์–ผ์–ด๋ถ™์€ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ๋ฐ‘ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋ฅผ ํƒํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
And that's pretty amazing.
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๋งค์šฐ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
06:42
(Applause)
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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