David Hoffman: Catch Sputnik mania!

17,040 views ・ 2008-04-04

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Do Eon Lee κ²€ν† : Sanghoon Lee
00:21
Fifty years ago in the old Soviet Union,
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50λ…„ μ „ κ΅¬μ†Œλ ¨μ—μ„œ
00:24
a team of engineers was secretly moving a large object
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μ—¬λŸ¬ λͺ…μ˜ μ—”μ§€λ‹ˆμ–΄λ“€μ΄
00:27
through a desolate countryside.
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ν™©λŸ‰ν•œ μ‹œκ³¨ μ§€λ°©μ—μ„œ μ—„μ²­λ‚œ μž‘μ—…μ„ μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:30
With it, they were hoping to capture the minds of people everywhere
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그듀은 κ·Έ μž‘μ—…μ„ ν†΅ν•΄μ„œ 우주λ₯Ό 처음으둜 μ •λ³΅ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨
00:33
by being the first to conquer outer space.
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세계 λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ λ§ˆμŒμ„ μ‚¬λ‘œμž‘κΈ°λ₯Ό ν¬λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:36
The rocket was huge.
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λ‘œμΌ“μ€ κ±°λŒ€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:38
And packed in its nose was a silver ball
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그리고 λ‘œμΌ“μ˜ μ•žλΆ€λΆ„μ—λŠ”
00:40
with two radios inside.
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두 개의 λΌλ””μ˜€κ°€ λ“€μ–΄κ°„ μ€μœΌλ‘œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ§„ 곡을 νƒ‘μž¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:44
On October 4, 1957, they launched their rocket.
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1957λ…„ 10μ›” 4일에 λ‘œμΌ“μ„ λ°œμ‚¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:47
One of the Russian scientists wrote at the time:
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ν•œ λŸ¬μ‹œμ•„ κ³Όν•™μžλŠ” κ·Έλ‹Ήμ‹œμ—
00:50
"We are about to create a new planet
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"μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 행성을 λ§Œλ“€κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:52
that we will call Sputnik.
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Sputnik이라고 λΆ€λ₯Ό κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:55
In the olden days, explorers
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과거에 λ°”μŠ€μ½”λ‹€κ°€λ§ˆμ™€ μ½œλŸΌλ²„μŠ€κ°™μ€
00:57
like Vasco da Gama and Columbus
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νƒν—˜κ°€λ“€μ€ κ·Έ λ‹Ήμ‹œκΉŒμ§€ λ°œκ²¬λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€
01:00
had the good fortune to open up the terrestrial globe.
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μœ‘μ§€λ₯Ό λ°œκ²¬ν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:04
Now we have the good fortune to open up space.
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이제 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 우주 μ‹œλŒ€μ˜ 주인곡이 된 κ²ƒμ΄μ§€μš”.
01:07
And it is for those in the future to envy us our joy."
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이제 우리의 후손듀은 우리의 기쁨을 λΆ€λŸ¬μ›Œν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€." 라고 μ „ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:12
You're watching snippets from "Sputnik," my fifth documentary feature,
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당신은 μ§€κΈˆ λ‚˜μ˜ 5 번째 μž‘ν’ˆμΈ Sputnik의 일뢀λ₯Ό λ³΄μ‹œκ³  κ³„μ‹­λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:16
which is just about completed.
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아직은 μ™„μ„±λœ 것은 μ•„λ‹ˆμ§€λ§Œμš”.
01:19
It tells the story of Sputnik,
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이것은 Sputnik의 역사λ₯Ό λ§ν•΄μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:21
and the story of what happened to America as a result.
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그리고 미ꡭ에 무슨 일이 μΌμœΌμΌ°λŠ”μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•œ 이야기도 λ“€λ €μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:24
For days after the launch,
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λ°œμ‚¬ 이후 ν•œ μ°Έ λ™μ•ˆ,
01:26
Sputnik was a wonderful curiosity.
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Spuntnik은 μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ λ§Žμ€ κΆκΈˆμ¦μ„ 뢈러 μΌμœΌμΌ°μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:29
A man-made moon visible by ordinary citizens,
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일반 μ‹œλ―Όλ“€λ„ 인곡달을 μΈμ§€ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆκ³ ,
01:33
it inspired awe and pride
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μ΄λŠ” λ§Žμ€ μ΄λ“€μ˜ 경외심과 μžλΆ€μ‹¬μ„ λΆˆλŸ¬μΌμœΌμΌ°μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:36
that humans had finally launched an object into space.
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κ²°κ΅­ 인간이 μš°μ£Όμ— μ–΄λ–€ 것을 μ˜μ•„μ˜¬λ Έλ‹€λŠ” 것에 λŒ€ν•œ μžλΆ€μ‹¬μ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
01:41
But just three days later, on a day they called Red Monday,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 뢉은 μ›”μš”μΌ(Red Monday)이라고 뢈렸던 λ°œμ‚¬ 3일 후에,
01:44
the media and the politicians told us,
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미디어와 μ •μΉ˜κ°€λ“€μ΄
01:47
and we believed, that Sputnik was proof
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Sputnik은 적듀이 우리λ₯Ό
01:49
that our enemy had beaten us
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κ³Όν•™κ³Ό 기술둜써 μ΄κ²Όλ‹€λŠ” 증거이며,
01:51
in science and technology,
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그듀이 μ΄μ œλŠ”
01:54
and that they could now attack us with hydrogen bombs,
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Sputnikλ₯Ό IMB 미사일 처럼 μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ„œ
01:57
using their Sputnik rocket as an IBM missile.
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μˆ˜μ†Œν­νƒ„μ„ λ–¨μ–΄λœ¨λ¦΄ 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ§ν–ˆκ³ , μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ―Ώμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:01
All hell broke loose.
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κ·Έ λ°œν‘œ 이후, μ‚¬νšŒλŠ” μ˜¨ν†΅ λ‚œλ¦¬κ°€ λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:03
Sputnik quickly became one of the three great shocks to hit America --
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Sputnik은 λ―Έκ΅­μ—κ²Œ 3λŒ€ 좩격 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜κ°€ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:07
historians say the equal of Pearl Harbor or 9/11.
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역사가듀은 이 사건이 μ§„μ£Όλ§Œ μ‚¬κ±΄μ΄λ‚˜ 9/11 사건과 λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ 일둜 λ΄…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:11
It provoked the missile gap.
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Sputnik은 λ°œμ‚¬μ²΄ μˆ˜μ€€ 차이λ₯Ό μœ λ°œν–ˆκ³ ,
02:14
It exploded an arms race.
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κ΅°λΉ„ 경쟁이 μ‹œμž‘λ˜μ—ˆμœΌλ©°,
02:17
It began the space race.
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우주경쟁이 μ‹œμž‘λ˜κ²Œ ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:20
Within a year, Congress funded huge weapons increases,
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λͺ‡ λ…„ μ•ˆμ—, μ˜νšŒλŠ” λŒ€λŸ‰ 살상 무기의 수λ₯Ό λŠ˜λ €κ°”μœΌλ©°,
02:23
and we went from 1,200 nuclear weapons
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ν•΅λ¬΄κΈ°μ˜ κ²½μš°μ—λŠ”
02:26
to 20,000.
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1200개 밖에 μ—†μ—ˆλ˜ 것을 20,000개둜 λŠ˜λ¦¬λŠ” μž‘μ—…μ„ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:28
And the reactions to Sputnik went far beyond weapons increases.
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그리고 Sputnik에 λŒ€ν•œ λ°˜μ‘μ€ κ΅°λΉ„ 증가λ₯Ό λ„˜μ–΄μ„°μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:31
For example, some here will remember
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κ°€λ Ή, 여기에 계신 λΆ„λ“€ 쀑 μ–΄λ–€ 뢄듀은
02:34
this day, June 1958,
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1958λ…„ 6μ›”,
02:36
the National Civil Defense Drill,
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수만 λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 78개 λ„μ‹œμ˜ μ§€ν•˜μ— λŒ€ν”Όν–ˆλ˜
02:38
where tens of millions of people in 78 cities went underground.
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λ―Όλ°©μœ„ ν›ˆλ ¨μ„ κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ‹€ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:42
Or the Gallup Poll that showed that seven in 10 Americans
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ν˜Ήμ€ 가럽 쑰사가 λ°œν‘œν–ˆλ“―μ΄ 10λͺ… 쀑 7λͺ…μ˜ 미ꡭ인듀은
02:45
believed that a nuclear war would happen,
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ν•΅μ „μŸμ΄ λ°œμƒν•  것이고,
02:48
and that at least 50 percent of our population
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적어도 50%의 인ꡬ가
02:50
was going to be killed.
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μ£½μŒμ„ 면치 λͺ»ν•˜λ¦¬λΌκ³  ν–ˆλ˜ 것을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ‹€ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:52
But Sputnik provoked wonderful changes as well.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ Sputnik은 긍정적인 변화듀을 μΌμœΌν‚€κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:56
For example, some in this room went to school on scholarship
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κ°€λ Ή, Sputnik으둜 μΈν•΄μ„œ
02:58
because of Sputnik.
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λͺ‡λͺ‡ ν•™κ΅μ—λŠ” μž₯ν•™κΈˆμ΄ λŒμ•„κ°€κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:00
Support for engineering, math and science --
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곡학, μˆ˜ν•™, κ³Όν•™ --
03:03
education in general -- boomed.
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μ „λ°˜μ μΈ ꡐ윑이 μ„±ν–‰ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:06
And Vint Cerf points out that Sputnik
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뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ Vint Cerf에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄ Sputnik이
03:08
led directly to ARPA, and the Internet,
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ARPA, 인터넷, 그리고 NASA의
03:10
and, of course, NASA.
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탄생에 μ§μ ‘μ μœΌλ‘œ 영ν–₯을 λ―Έμ³€λ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:13
My feature documentary shows how a free society
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μ €μ˜ λ‹€νλ©˜ν„°λ¦¬λŠ” μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ— 따라 λ―Έλ””μ–΄κ°€
03:16
can be stampeded by those who know how to use media.
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μ‚¬νšŒ μ „λ°˜μ μΈ 생각을 움직일 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 λ³΄μ—¬μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:19
But it also shows how we can turn
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ
03:21
what appears at first to be a bad situation,
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λ‚˜μ˜κ²Œ λΉ„μΆ°μ‘Œλ˜ 상황을 λ―Έκ΅­μ—κ²Œ μ „λ°˜μ μœΌλ‘œ
03:24
into something that was overall very good for America.
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쒋은 λ°©ν–₯으둜 λ°”κΏ€ 수 μžˆλŠ” 지에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλ„ λ‹€λ£¨μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:28
"Sputnik" will soon be released.
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"Sputnik"은 이제 곧 κ°œλ΄‰ν•˜κ²Œ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:31
In closing, I would like to take a moment to thank
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λλ‚˜κΈ° 전에 μš°μ„  μ €μ˜ μ§€μ§€μžμ΄λ©°
03:33
one of my investors:
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였랜 ν…Œλ“œμŠ€ν„°(TEDster)인
03:35
longtime TEDster, Jay Walker.
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Jay Walkerμ—κ²Œ κ°μ‚¬μ˜ 말을 μ „ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:37
And I'd like to thank you all.
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그리고 μ—¬κΈ° 계신 λͺ¨λ“  λΆ„λ“€κ»˜λ„ κ°μ‚¬μ˜ 말씀을 λ“œλ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:39
(Applause).
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
03:43
Thank you, Chris.
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Chris κ³ λ§ˆμ›Œμš”
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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