Alex Steffen: The route to a sustainable future

46,094 views ใƒป 2007-05-01

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Shlomo Adam ืžื‘ืงืจ: Dan Liebeschutz
00:25
When I'm starting talks like this,
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ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืคื•ืชื— ื”ืจืฆืื•ืช ื›ืืœื”,
00:27
I usually do a whole spiel about sustainability
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ืื ื™ ื‘ื“"ื› ืžืกืคืจ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช
ื›ื™ ืจื‘ื™ื ืื™ื ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื” ื–ื”.
00:30
because a lot of people out there don't know what that is.
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00:32
This is a crowd that does know what it is,
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ื”ืงื”ืœ ื›ืืŸ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ื–ื”,
00:34
so I'll like just do like the 60-second crib-note version. Right?
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืืชืŸ ืจืง ืืช ื”ื’ื™ืจืกื” ื”ืžืงื•ืฆืจืช. ื‘ืกื“ืจ?
ืื– ืชื”ื™ื• ืกื‘ืœื ื™ื™ื. ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื”ื™ืจ ืžืื“.
00:38
So just bear with me. We'll go real fast, you know?
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00:40
Fill in the blanks.
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ืชืžืœืื• ื‘ืขืฆืžื›ื ืืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื.
00:41
So, you know, sustainability, small planet.
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ืื– ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช, ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ืงื˜ืŸ,
ื ื›ื•ืŸ? ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• 'ืืจืฅ' ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉื ืขื” ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืฉืžืฉ.
00:44
Right? Picture a little Earth, circling around the sun.
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00:46
You know, about a million years ago,
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ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื ื™ื,
00:47
a bunch of monkeys fell out of trees,
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ื›ืžื” ืงื•ืคื™ื ื ืคืœื• ืžื”ืขืฆื™ื,
00:49
got a little clever, harnessed fire,
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ื ืขืฉื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ืจืชืžื• ืืช ื”ืืฉ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื,
00:51
invented the printing press,
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ื”ืžืฆื™ืื• ืืช ื”ื“ืคื•ืก,
00:52
made, you know, luggage with wheels on it.
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ื‘ื ื• ืžื–ื•ื•ื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ื’ืœื’ืœื™ื
00:54
And, you know, built the society that we now live in.
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ื•ื™ืฆืจื• ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉื‘ื” ืื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื.
ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืขืจ, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืœืœื ืกืคืง
00:58
Unfortunately, while this society is, without a doubt,
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ื”ืžืฉื’ืฉื’ืช ื•ื”ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ื™ืฆืจ ืื™-ืคืขื,
01:01
the most prosperous and dynamic the world has ever created,
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01:05
it's got some major, major flaws.
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ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื›ืžื” ืคื’ืžื™ื ืขืฆื•ืžื™ื.
01:08
One of them is that every society has an ecological footprint.
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ืคื’ื ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ืฉื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžื•ืชื™ืจื” ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช.
01:12
It has an amount of impact on the planet that's measurable.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื” ื›ืžื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขืœ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ืœื›ืช
01:16
How much stuff goes through your life,
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ืฉืœ ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื“ืจืš ื—ื™ื™ื›ื,
01:19
how much waste is left behind you.
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ื•ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืคืกื•ืœืช ืฉื ืฉืืจืช ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ื›ื.
01:22
And we, at the moment, in our society,
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ื•ืœื ื•, ื›ืจื’ืข, ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื ื•,
01:25
have a really dramatically unsustainable level of this.
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ื™ืฉ ืจืžื” ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ืช ืžืื“ ืฉืœ ืื™-ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื–ื•.
01:29
We're using up about five planets.
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ืื ื• ืžื ืฆืœื™ื ื‘ืขืจืš ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ ืœื›ืช.
01:31
If everybody on the planet lived the way we did,
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ืื ื›ืœ ืื“ื ื‘ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ืœื›ืช ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ ื›ืžื•ื ื•,
01:34
we'd need between five, six, seven,
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ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื—ืžื™ืฉื”, ืฉื™ืฉื”, ืฉื‘ืขื”,
01:36
some people even say 10 planets to make it.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื 10 ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ ืœื›ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืจื•ื“.
01:39
Clearly we don't have 10 planets.
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ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• 10 ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ ืœื›ืช.
01:41
Again, you know, mental, visual, 10 planets, one planet,
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ืฉื•ื‘, ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื•, ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื•: 10 ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™-ืœื›ืช, ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ืื—ื“,
01:43
10 planets, one planet. Right?
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10 ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ ืœื›ืช ืœืขื•ืžืช ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ืœื›ืช ืื—ื“. ื›ืŸ?
01:45
We don't have that. So that's one problem.
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ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื–ืืช. ื–ื• ื‘ืขื™ื” ืื—ืช
01:48
The second problem is that the planet that we have
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ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉื ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ืœื›ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื•
01:50
is being used in wildly unfair ways. Right?
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ืžื ื•ืฆืœ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืคืจื•ืขื•ืช ื•ืœื-ื”ื•ื’ื ื•ืช.
01:54
North Americans, such as myself, you know,
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ืฆืคื•ืŸ-ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื, ื›ืžื•ื ื™,
01:57
we're basically sort of wallowing, gluttonous hogs,
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ืื ื• ื‘ืขืฆื ืžืขื™ืŸ ื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื ื–ืœืœื ื™ื ืฉืžืชืคืœืฉื™ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืฅ,
01:59
and we're eating all sorts of stuff.
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ื•ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื,
02:01
And, you know, then you get all the way down
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ื•ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช ื™ืฉื ื ื›ืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื‘ืชื—ืชื™ืช
02:03
to people who live in the Asia-Pacific region, or even more, Africa.
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ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืืกื™ื”-ื”ืคืกื™ืคื™, ืื• ื’ืจื•ืข ืžื–ื”, ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”,
02:07
And people simply do not have enough to survive.
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ืฉืคืฉื•ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืžืกืคื™ืง ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ืงื™ื•ื.
02:09
This is producing all sorts of tensions,
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ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฆืจ ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืžืชื—ื™ื
02:11
all sorts of dynamics that are deeply disturbing.
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ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืงื•ืช ืžื˜ืจื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
02:14
And there's more and more people on the way. Right?
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ื•ื”ืจื™ ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืœื“,
02:18
So, this is what the planet's going to look like in 20 years.
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ื›ืš ื™ื™ืจืื” ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ืœื›ืช ื‘ืขื•ื“ 20 ืฉื ื”.
ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฆืคื•ืฃ ืœืžื“ื™; ืœืคื—ื•ืช 8 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื.
02:22
It's going to be a pretty crowded place, at least eight billion people.
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02:25
So to make matters even more difficult, it's a very young planet.
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ื•ื—ืžื•ืจ ืžื›ืš, ื–ื”ื• ื›ื•ื›ื‘-ืœื›ืช ืฆืขื™ืจ ืžืื“.
02:29
A third of the people on this planet are kids.
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ืฉืœื™ืฉ ืžื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ืขืœื™-ืื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
02:32
And those kids are growing up in a completely different way
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ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืืœื” ื’ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉื•ื ื” ืœื’ืžืจื™
02:35
than their parents did, no matter where they live.
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ืžืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืจื™ื”ื, ื•ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื.
02:37
They've been exposed to this idea of our society, of our prosperity.
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ื”ื ื ื—ืฉืคื• ืœืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื ื•, ืœืฉืคืข ืฉืœื ื•,
02:42
And they may not want to live exactly like us.
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ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื ืœื ื™ืจืฆื• ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื•ื ื•,
02:45
They may not want to be Americans, or Brits,
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ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ืื• ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ื™ื,
02:47
or Germans, or South Africans,
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ืื• ื’ืจืžื ื™ื, ืื• ื“ืจื•ื-ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื™ื,
02:49
but they want their own version
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ืืš ื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ื™ืจืกื” ืฉืœื”ื
02:51
of a life which is more prosperous, and more dynamic,
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ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื’ืฉื’ื™ื ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื“ื™ื ืžื™ื™ื,
02:53
and more, you know, enjoyable.
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ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื ื™ื.
02:55
And all of these things combine to create
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ื•ื›ืœ ืืœื” ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื™ื ื™ื—ื“ ื•ืžื˜ื™ืœื™ื
02:58
an enormous amount of torque on the planet.
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ืขื•ืžืก ืขืฆื•ื ืขืœ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ืœื›ืช.
03:01
And if we cannot figure out a way to deal with that torque,
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ื•ืื ืœื ื ืžืฆื ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืขื•ืžืก ื–ื”,
03:04
we are going to find ourselves more and more and more quickly
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ืื ื• ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืขืฆืžื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžื”ืจื”
03:08
facing situations which are simply unthinkable.
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ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืฉืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ื™ืขืœื• ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช.
03:12
Everybody in this room has heard the worst-case scenarios.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื›ืืŸ ืฉืžืขื• ืืช ื”ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ื”ื’ืจื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
03:14
I don't need to go into that.
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ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืฉืื›ื ืก ืœื–ื”.
03:16
But I will ask the question, what's the alternative?
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืืœ, ืžื”ื™ ื”ื—ืœื•ืคื”?
03:18
And I would say that, at the moment, the alternative is unimaginable.
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืœืคื™ ืฉืขื” ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืคื”.
03:23
You know, so on the one hand we have the unthinkable;
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ืื– ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ืขืœื• ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช,
ื•ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™ - ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ.
03:26
on the other hand we have the unimaginable.
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื”
03:28
We don't know yet how to build a society
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03:31
which is environmentally sustainable,
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ื‘ืขืœืช ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช
03:33
which is shareable with everybody on the planet,
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ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉืชืฃ ื‘ื” ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืขืœื™-ืื“ืžื•ืช,
03:36
which promotes stability and democracy and human rights,
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ืฉืชื•ืจืžืช ืœื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช, ืœื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ืœื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื,
03:40
and which is achievable in the time-frame necessary
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ื•ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื”
03:43
to make it through the challenges we face.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ื ื™ืฆื‘ื™ื ืžื•ืœื ื•.
03:46
We don't know how to do this yet.
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.
03:48
So what's Worldchanging?
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ืื– ืžื”ื• ืืชืจ "ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืขื•ืœืžื™"?
ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘"ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืขื•ืœืžื™"
03:50
Well, Worldchanging you might think of
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03:52
as being a bit of a news service for the unimaginable future.
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ืžืขื™ืŸ ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื•ื•ื—ืช ืขืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื“ืžื™ื™ื ื•.
03:57
You know, what we're out there doing is looking
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ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื”ื•ื ืœื—ืคืฉ
03:59
for examples of tools, models and ideas,
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ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืœื›ืœื™ื, ืžื•ื“ืœื™ื ื•ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช,
04:02
which, if widely adopted, would change the game.
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ืฉืื ื™ื•ื›ื ืกื• ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืจื—ื‘, ื™ืฉื ื• ืืช ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืžืฉื—ืง.
04:06
A lot of times, when I do a talk like this, I talk about things
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ืงื•ืจื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื™ ืžืจืฆื” ืขืœ ื›ืš, ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
04:09
that everybody in this room I'm sure has already heard of,
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ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื›ืืŸ ืฉืžืข ืขืœื™ื”ื,
04:12
but most people haven't.
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ืื‘ืœ ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ืœื ืฉืžืขื• ืขืœื™ื”ื.
04:14
So I thought today I'd do something a little different,
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ืื– ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื•ื ื”,
04:16
and talk about what we're looking for, rather than saying, you know,
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ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื•ืžืจ--
04:19
rather than giving you tried-and-true examples.
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืชืช ืœื›ื ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืกื™ื ื•, ื•ืฉืคื•ืขืœื•ืช.
ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื• ื‘ื•ื“ืงื™ื,
04:22
Talk about the kinds of things we're scoping out.
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ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœื›ื ื”ืฆืฆื” ืืœ ืคื ืงืก ื”ืขื•ืจืš,
04:24
Give you a little peek into our editorial notebook.
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04:26
And given that I have 13 minutes to do this, this is going to go kind of quick.
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ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ 13 ื“ืงื•ืช, ืืขืฉื” ื–ืืช ื‘ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช.
04:29
So, I don't know, just stick with me. Right?
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ืื– ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืชืขืงื‘ื• ืื—ืจื™. ื‘ืกื“ืจ?
04:31
So, first of all, what are we looking for? Bright Green city.
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ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ, ืžื” ืื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื? ืขื™ืจ ื™ืจื•ืงื” ื•ื‘ื•ื”ืงืช.
04:34
One of the biggest levers that we have in the developed world
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ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื ื•ืคื™ื ื”ื—ื–ืงื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืคื•ืชื—
04:37
for changing the impact that we have on the planet
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ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืฉืคืขืชื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื
04:39
is changing the way that we live in cities.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืขืจื™ื.
04:41
We're already an urban planet;
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ื•ื›ื‘-ืœื›ืช ืื•ืจื‘ื ื™,
04:42
that's especially true in the developed world.
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ื•ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืคื•ืชื—.
ื•ืืœื” ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืจื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืคื•ืชื—
04:45
And people who live in cities in the developed world
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ื‘ื“"ื› ืžืฉื’ืฉื’ื™ื ืžืื“, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
04:47
tend to be very prosperous, and thus use a lot of stuff.
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04:49
If we can change the dynamic,
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ืื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืงื”,
ื•ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ื ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืขืจื™ื ืฆืคื•ืคื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืจืื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืžื’ื•ืจื™ื
04:51
by first of all creating cities that are denser and more livable ...
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ื”ื ื” ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื•ื ืงื•ื‘ืจ, ื•ืื ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืฉื,
04:54
Here, for example, is Vancouver, which if you haven't been there,
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04:56
you ought to go for a visit. It's a fabulous city.
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ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื›ื. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืขื™ืจ ื ืคืœืื”.
04:58
And they are doing density, new density,
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ื”ื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช, ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื”,
05:00
better than probably anybody else on the planet right now.
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ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืื—ื“ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื›ื™ื•ื.
05:02
They're actually managing to talk North Americans out of driving cars,
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ื”ื ืžืžืฉ ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืฆืคื•ืŸ-ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื™ื ืœื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช
05:05
which is a pretty great thing.
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ืฉื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืžืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
05:07
So you have density. You also have growth management.
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช. ื™ืฉ ื’ื ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืฆืžื™ื—ื”.
05:09
You leave aside what is natural to be natural.
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ืืช ืžื” ืฉื˜ื‘ืขื™, ืžืฉืื™ืจื™ื ื˜ื‘ืขื™.
05:12
This is in Portland. That is an actual development.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืคื•ืจื˜ืœื ื“. ื–ื”ื• ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืขื›ืฉื•ื•ื™.
ื”ืื“ืžื” ื”ื–ื• ืชื™ืฉืืจ ืื“ืžืช-ืžืจืขื” ืœื ืฆื—.
05:15
That land there will remain pasture in perpetuity.
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05:17
They've bounded the city with a line.
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ื”ื ืชื—ืžื• ืืช ื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœ.
05:19
Nature, city. Nothing changes.
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ื˜ื‘ืข. ืขื™ืจ. ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ืžืฉืชื ื”.
ื›ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื›ืš, ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช.
05:22
Once you do those things, you can start making all sorts of investments.
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05:25
You can start doing things like, you know,
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื›ืžื•
05:27
transit systems that actually work to transport people,
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ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืชืขื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื
ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื‘ื ื•ื—ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ืจื”.
05:30
in effective and reasonably comfortable manners.
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ืืคืฉืจ ื’ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ืžื” ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื.
05:33
You can also start to change what you build.
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ื–ื”ื• "ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืืคืก-ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื“ื™ื ื’ื˜ื•ืŸ" ื‘ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ,
05:35
This is the Beddington Zero Energy Development in London,
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ืฉื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื–ื” ืžืงื•ื ื ื”ื“ืจ.
05:38
which is one of the greenest buildings in the world. It's a fabulous place.
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ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ื• ื›ืขืช ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืฉืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ืœืขืฆืžื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ.
05:41
We're able to now build buildings that generate all their own electricity,
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05:44
that recycle much of their water,
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ืฉืžืžื—ื–ืจื™ื ื—ืœืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื”ืžื™ื ืฉืœื”ื,
05:46
that are much more comfortable than standard buildings,
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ื•ื”ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ื•ื—ื™ื ืžื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื,
05:49
use all-natural light, etc., and, over time, cost less.
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ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืื•ืจ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ื›ื•', ื•ืขื ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืขื•ืœื™ื ืคื—ื•ืช.
05:53
Green roofs. Bill McDonough covered that last night, so I won't dwell on that too much.
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ื’ื’ื•ืช ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื. ื‘ื™ืœ ืžืงื“ื•ื ื• ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืืžืฉ. ืœื ืืชืขื›ื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืš
05:57
But once you also have people living
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ืืš ืžืขืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื
05:59
in close proximity to each other,
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ื‘ืงื™ืจื‘ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืืœื” ืœืืœื”,
06:01
one of the things you can do is --
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ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช --
ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช --
06:03
as information technologies develop --
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06:05
you can start to have smart places.
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ื”ื•ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื—ื›ืžื™ื.
06:07
You can start to know where things are.
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ืชืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื“ืขืช ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื.
ื•ื›ืฉื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืงืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื—ืœื•ืง ื‘ื”ื.
06:09
When you know where things are, it becomes easier to share them.
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06:11
When you share them, you end up using less.
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ื•ื›ืฉืžืชื—ืœืงื™ื ื‘ื”ื, ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืคื—ื•ืช.
06:14
So one great example is car-share clubs,
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ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื ื”ื“ืจืช ืื—ืช ื”ื™ื ืžื•ืขื“ื•ื ื™ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ-ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช,
06:16
which are really starting to take off in the U.S.,
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ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืชืคื•ืก ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘,
06:18
have already taken off in many places in Europe, and are a great example.
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ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืชืคืก ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ื•ื–ื• ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื ืคืœืื”
06:21
If you're somebody who drives, you know, one day a week,
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ืื ืืชื” ื ื•ื”ื’ ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข,
06:23
do you really need your own car?
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ื”ืื ืืชื” ื‘ืืžืช ื–ืงื•ืง ืœืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืฉืœืš?
ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช
06:26
Another thing that information technology lets us do
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ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืื™ืš ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืคื—ื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
06:28
is start figuring out how to use less stuff
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06:30
by knowing, and by monitoring, the amount we're actually using.
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ืข"ื™ ืื™ืชื•ืจ ื•ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื”ื›ืžื•ืช ื‘ื” ืื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ.
06:35
So, here's a power cord which glows brighter the more energy that you use,
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ื–ื”ื• ื›ื‘ืœ ื—ืฉืžืœ ืฉื–ื•ื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžื ืฆืœื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื ืจื’ื™ื”
06:38
which I think is a pretty cool concept,
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ื•ืœื“ืขืชื™ ื–ื• ืชืคื™ืฉื” ืžื’ื ื™ื‘ื”,
06:40
although I think it ought to work the other way around,
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ืื ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ืคืš,
06:42
that it gets brighter the more you don't use.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื–ื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืชื ืฆืœ ืคื—ื•ืช.
06:45
But, you know, there may even be a simpler approach.
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ืืš ืื•ืœื™ ืชื™ืžืฆื ื’ื™ืฉื” ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืคืฉื•ื˜ื”.
06:47
We could just re-label things.
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ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชื™ื™ื’ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ.
06:49
This light switch that reads, on the one hand, flashfloods,
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ืžืคืกืง-ื”ืชืื•ืจื” ื”ื–ื”, ืฉื‘ืฆื™ื“ื• ื”ืื—ื“ ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื”ืฆืคืช-ืื•ืจ",
06:51
and on the other hand, off.
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ื•ื‘ืฆื™ื“ื• ื”ืฉื ื™ - "ื›ื‘ื•ื™".
06:53
How we build things can change as well.
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ื’ื ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช.
06:55
This is a bio-morphic building.
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ื–ื”ื• ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•-ืžื•ืจืคื™.
06:57
It takes its inspiration in form from life.
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ืฆื•ืจืชื• ืžื•ืฉืคืขืช ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.
07:01
Many of these buildings are incredibly beautiful,
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ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืœื” ื™ืคื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ,
07:03
and also much more effective.
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ื•ื’ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ืขื™ืœื™ื.
ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืฉืœ ื—ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช,
07:06
This is an example of bio-mimicry,
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ืฉื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืื ื• ื‘ืืžืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง.
07:08
which is something we're really starting to look a lot more for.
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07:10
In this case, you have a shell design
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ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื–ื”, ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืงื•ื ื›ื™ื”
ืœืžืื•ื•ืจืจ ืคืœื™ื˜ื” ืžืกื•ื’ ื—ื“ืฉ, ืฉื–ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ืขื™ืœ.
07:12
which was used to create a new kind of exhaust fan, which is greatly more effective.
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07:16
There's a lot of this stuff happening; it's really pretty remarkable.
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ืงื•ืจื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืืœื”. ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ.
ื”ื™ื›ื ืกื• ืœืืชืจ "ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืขื•ืœืžื™", ืื ื–ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืืชื›ื.
07:20
I encourage you to look on Worldchanging if you're into it.
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ืื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื›ืกื•ืช ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืืœื”.
07:22
We're starting to cover this more and more.
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ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื ื™ืื•-ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™,
07:24
There's also neo-biological design,
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ื•ื‘ื• ืื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื ืฆืœื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืฆืžื
07:26
where more and more we're actually using life itself
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07:28
and the processes of life to become part of our industry.
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ื•ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ื›ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืชืขืฉื™ื” ืฉืœื ื•.
07:31
So this, for example, is hydrogen-generating algae.
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ื–ื•, ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืืฆื” ืžื™ื™ืฆืจืช-ื—ืžืฆืŸ.
ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื“ื’ื ืคื•ื ื˜ืฆื™ืืœื™ ืžืชืคืชื— ืฉืื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื
07:34
So we have a model in potential, an emerging model that we're looking for
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07:38
of how to take the cities most of us live in,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืขืจื™ื ืฉืจื•ื‘ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ,
07:41
and turn them into Bright Green cities.
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ื•ืœื”ื•ืคื›ืŸ ืœืขืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื‘ืข ื™ืจื•ืง ื‘ื•ื”ืง.
07:43
But unfortunately, most of the people on the planet don't live in the cites we live in.
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ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืขืจ, ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืœื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืจื™-ื”ืขื ืง ื”ืžืชืขืฆืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืชืคืชื—.
07:48
They live in the emerging megacities of the developing world.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื” ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช,
07:51
And there's a statistic I often like to use,
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07:53
which is that we're adding a city of Seattle every four days,
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ืฉื‘ื” ืื ื• ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื™ืจ ืกื™ืื˜ืœ ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื” ื™ืžื™ื,
ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืกื™ืื˜ืœ ืœื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ืœื›ืช ืžื™ื“ื™ ืืจื‘ืขื” ื™ืžื™ื.
07:56
a city the size of Seattle to the planet every four days.
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ืœืคื ื™ ื›ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื™ื ื ืชืชื™ ื”ืจืฆืื”,
07:59
I was giving a talk about two months ago,
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ื•ืื™ืฉ ืื—ื“, ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขื ื”ืื•"ื, ื ื™ื’ืฉ ืืœื™
08:01
and this guy, who'd done some work with the U.N., came up to me
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืื“ ื ืจื’ื–. ื”ื‘ื˜, ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื™,
08:03
and was really flustered, and he said, look,
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ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืœื ื”ื‘ื ืช ืืช ื–ื”. ื–ื” ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
08:05
you've got that totally wrong; it's totally wrong.
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08:07
It's every seven days.
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ื–ื” ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ืขื” ื™ืžื™ื.
ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืื ื• ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืกื™ืื˜ืœ ื›ืœ 7 ื™ืžื™ื
08:10
So, we're adding a city the size of Seattle every seven days,
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08:13
and most of those cities look more like this than the city that you or I live in.
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ื•ืจื•ื‘ ืขืจื™ื ืืœื” ื ืจืื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืš ืžืืฉืจ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืฉืืชื ืื• ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ.
ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืฆื•ืžื—ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืฆื•ืžื”.
08:17
Most of those cites are growing incredibly quickly.
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ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ืช,
08:20
They don't have existing infrastructure;
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ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืฆื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื ืฉื ืื‘ืงื™ื ื‘ืขื•ื ื™,
08:22
they have enormous numbers of people who are struggling with poverty,
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08:25
and enormous numbers of people are trying to figure out
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ื•ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืฆื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื ืฉืžื ืกื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื
ืื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ื›ืŸ?
08:27
how to do things in new ways.
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08:29
So what do we need in order to make developing nation
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ืื– ืžื” ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ืขื™ืจ ื”ืขื ืง
08:33
megacities into Bright Green megacities?
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ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืžืชืคืชื—ืช ืœืขื™ืจ-ืขื ืง ื‘ื™ืจื•ืง ื‘ื•ื”ืง?
08:36
Well, the first thing we need is, we need leapfrogging.
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ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ืื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืงืคื™ืฆื•ืช-ื“ืจืš.
08:39
And this is one of the things that we are looking for everywhere.
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ื•ื–ื” ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื.
ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ืงืคื™ืฆื•ืช-ื“ืจืš ื”ื•ื,
08:42
The idea behind leapfrogging is that
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ืฉืื ืืชื ืื“ื ืื• ืืจืฅ ืฉืชืงื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘
08:44
if you are a person, or a country, who is stuck in a situation
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08:47
where you don't have the tools and technologies that you need,
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ืฉื‘ื• ืื™ืŸ ืœื›ื ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื—ื•ืฆื™ื,
08:50
there's no reason for you to invest in last generation's technologies. Right?
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ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขื ืฉืชืฉืงื™ืขื• ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ื, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
ื›ืฉื›ื“ืื™ ืœื›ื, ื›ืžืขื˜ ืชืžื™ื“,
08:56
That you're much better off, almost universally,
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ืœื—ืคืฉ ื’ื™ืจืกื” ื–ื•ืœื” ืื• ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืขื“ื›ื ื™ืช.
08:58
looking for a low-cost or locally applicable version of the newest technology.
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09:03
One place we're all familiar with seeing this is with cell phones. Right?
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ืžื”ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ื”ืกืœื•ืœืจื™ื™ื, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
09:07
All throughout the developing world, people are going directly to cell phones,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืชืคืชื— ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ืฉืจ ืœื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื”ื ื™ื™ื“,
09:11
skipping the whole landline stage.
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ื•ืžื“ืœื’ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื•ื™.
ืื ื™ืฉ ืงื•ื™ ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ, ื‘ืขืจื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืชืคืชื—,
09:13
If there are landlines in many developing world cities,
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ืืœื” ื‘ื“"ื› ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉืžืจื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืงืœืงืœ,
09:15
they're usually pretty crappy systems that break down a lot
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ื•ืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื›ืกืฃ, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
09:18
and cost enormous amounts of money.
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ืžื•ืฆืืช ื—ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื•.
09:20
So I rather like this picture here.
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09:22
I particularly like the Ganesh in the background, talking on the cell phone.
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ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื”ืืœื™ืœ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืจืงืข, ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื”ื ื™ื™ื“.
ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื›ืœ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”.
09:26
So what we have, increasingly, is cell phones just permeating out through society.
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ืฉืžืขื ื• ื”ื›ืœ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข,
09:30
We've heard all about this here this week,
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ืื– ืœื ืื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื”, ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืืฉืจ
09:32
so I won't say too much more than that, other than to say
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09:34
what is true for cell phones is true for all sorts of technologies.
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ืฉืžื” ืฉื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช.
ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ื•ื ื›ืœื™ื ืœืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื”,
09:39
The second thing is tools for collaboration,
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09:42
be they systems of collaboration, or intellectual property systems
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื™ื•ืช ืื• ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื—ื ื™
ืฉืžืขื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื”, ื›ืŸ?
09:45
which encourage collaboration. Right?
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09:47
When you have free ability for people to freely work together and innovate,
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ื›ืฉืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืœื™ื–ื•ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื•ืช,
09:51
you get different kinds of solutions.
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ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช.
09:53
And those solutions are accessible in a different way
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ื•ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืืœื” ื ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื ื”
09:56
to people who don't have capital. Right?
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ืœืžื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื”ื ื”ื•ืŸ, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
09:58
So, you know, we have open source software,
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืชื•ื›ื ืช ืงื•ื“ ืคืชื•ื—,
10:01
we have Creative Commons and other kinds of Copyleft solutions.
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"ืงืจื™ืื™ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืงื•ืžื•ื ืก", ื•ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืจืฉื™ื•ืŸ-ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ื ื•ืกืคื™ื
10:06
And those things lead to things like this.
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ื•ื”ื ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืืœื”.
10:08
This is a Telecentro in Sao Paulo.
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ื–ื”ื• "ื˜ืœืฆื ื˜ืจื•" ืฉื‘ืกืืŸ ืคืื•ืœื•.
10:11
This is a pretty remarkable program
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืช ืฉืžืฉืชืžืฉืช
10:13
using free and open source software, cheap, sort of hacked-together machines,
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ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืชื•ื›ื ืช ืงื•ื“ ืคืชื•ื—, ืžื™ืŸ ืกื˜ ืชื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืžืื•ืœืชืจื•ืช ื•ื–ื•ืœื•ืช,
10:17
and basically sort of abandoned buildings --
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ื•ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื ื˜ื•ืฉื™ื --
10:20
has put together a bunch of community centers
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ื”ื ื™ืฆืจื• ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ื™ื
10:22
where people can come in, get high-speed internet access,
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ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ,
10:25
learn computer programming skills for free.
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ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืชื™ื›ื ื•ืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ื.
ื•ืจื‘ืข-ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื” ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื‘ืกืืŸ-ืคืื•ืœื•.
10:29
And a quarter-million people every year use these now in Sao Paulo.
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ื•ืจื‘ืข ื”ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืืœื” ื”ื ืžื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืกืืŸ-ืคืื•ืœื•.
10:33
And those quarter-million people are some of the poorest people in Sao Paolo.
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10:36
I particularly like the little Linux penguin in the back. (Laughter)
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ืื ื™ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ืคื™ื ื’ื•ื•ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ืžืื—ื•ืจ.
ืื– ื–ื” ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ, ืœื”ืชืคื•ืฆืฆื•ืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ื“ืจื•ื.
10:40
So one of the things that that's leading to is a sort of southern cultural explosion.
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10:45
And one of the things we're really, really interested in at Worldchanging
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ื•ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžืื“ ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘"ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืขื•ืœืžื™"
10:48
is the ways in which the south is re-identifying itself,
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ื–ื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื“ืจื•ื ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ืขืฆืžื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ,
10:52
and re-categorizing itself in ways
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ื•ืžืกื•ื•ื’ ืขืฆืžื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื
10:55
that have less and less to do with most of us in this room.
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ืฉืœื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืื•ืœื ื™ืฉ ืคื—ื•ืช ื•ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืขื™ืžืŸ.
10:58
So it's not, you know, Bollywood isn't just answering Hollywood. Right?
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ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื“ ื”ื™ื ืœื ืจืง ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื“, ื›ืŸ?
11:03
You know, Brazilian music scene isn't just answering the major labels.
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ื”ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ื”ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœืื™ืช ืื™ื ื” ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืกื™ืงื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช.
11:06
It's doing something new. There's new things happening.
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ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืžืฉื”ื• ื—ื“ืฉ. ืงื•ืจื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื.
ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช ื•ืžืชืงื‘ืœื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื.
11:09
There's interplay between them. And, you know, you get amazing things.
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11:12
Like, I don't know if any of you have seen the movie "City of God?"
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžื›ื ืจืื” ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ "ืขื™ืจ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ื"?
11:15
Yeah, it's a fabulous movie if you haven't seen it.
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ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ืกืจื˜ ื ื”ื“ืจ, ืœืžื™ ืฉื˜ืจื ืจืื”.
ื•ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืฉืืœื” ื”ื–ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ืžืื“ ืืžื ื•ืชื™ืช ื•ืขืงื™ืคื”.
11:18
And it's all about this question, in a very artistic and indirect kind of way.
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11:21
You have other radical examples
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ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช
ืฉืœ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœื›ืœื™ื ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื™ื.
11:23
where the ability to use cultural tools is spreading out.
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11:26
These are people who have just been visited by
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ืืœื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื–ื” ืขืชื” ื–ื›ื• ืœื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ
11:28
the Internet bookmobile in Uganda.
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ืกืคืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ืช ื‘ืื•ื’ื ื“ื”.
11:30
And who are waving their first books in the air,
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ื•ื”ื ืžื ื™ืคื™ื ื‘ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื,
11:32
which, I just think that's a pretty cool picture. You know?
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื• ืชืžื•ื ื” ืžื’ื ื™ื‘ื” ืœืžื“ื™.
11:35
So you also have the ability for people to start coming together
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ื™ืฉ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื’ื ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืฉ
11:39
and acting on their own behalf in political and civic ways,
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ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช
11:45
in ways that haven't happened before.
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ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ.
ื•ืืฉืจ, ื›ืžื• ืฉืฉืžืขื ื• ืืžืฉ ื•ืžื•ืงื“ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข,
11:48
And as we heard last night, as we've heard earlier this week,
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11:50
are absolutely, fundamentally vital to the ability to craft new solutions,
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ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืœื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
11:56
is we've got to craft new political realities.
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ืื ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืฆื™ืื•ื™ื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช.
11:59
And I would personally say that we have to craft new political realities,
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ื•ืœื“ืขืชื™, ืขืœื™ื ื• ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืฆื™ืื•ื™ื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช,
ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื”ื•ื“ื•, ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ, ืงื ื™ื”, ืคืงื™ืกื˜ืŸ ื•ื›ื•',
12:03
not only in places like India, Afghanistan, Kenya, Pakistan,
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12:08
what have you, but here at home as well.
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ืืœื ื’ื ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช.
12:10
Another world is possible.
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"ืืคืฉืจ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืขื•ืœื ืฉื•ื ื”".
ื–ื”ื• ืžืขื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ื• ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื ื’ื“ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื”.
12:12
And sort of the big motto of the anti-globalization movement. Right?
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12:16
We tweak that a lot.
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ืื ื• ืžืจื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืขืฉืข ืขื ื–ื”.
ืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืขื•ืœื ืื—ืจ ืื™ื ื ื• ืจืง ืืคืฉืจื™, ืืœื ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ืืŸ.
12:18
We talk about how another world isn't just possible; another world's here.
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12:21
That it's not just that we have to sort of imagine
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ื•ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืจืง ื‘ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื•
12:23
there being a different, vague possibility out there,
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ื›ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื”, ืžืขื•ืจืคืœืช ื•ืžืจื•ื—ืงืช,
12:27
but we need to start acting a little bit more on that possibility.
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ืืœื ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื”ื–ื•.
ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ืœื•ืœื”, ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœ.
12:31
We need to start doing things like Lula, President of Brazil.
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ื›ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ืืช ืœื•ืœื” ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื?
12:34
How many people knew of Lula before today?
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12:37
OK, so, much, much better than the average crowd, I can tell you that.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื–ื” ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžื”ืงื”ืœ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข.
12:41
So Lula, he's full of problems, full of contradictions,
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ื™ืฉ ืœืœื•ืœื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช, ื”ืจื‘ื” ืกืชื™ืจื•ืช,
12:43
but one of the things that he's doing is,
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ืืš ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื”ื•ื
12:45
he is putting forward an idea of how we engage in international relations that
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ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื
12:51
completely shifts the balance from the standard sort of north-south dialogue
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ืฉื™ืฉื ื• ืืช ื”ืžืื–ืŸ ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ืฉืœ ื“ื•-ืฉื™ื— ืฆืคื•ืŸ-ื“ืจื•ื
12:57
into a whole new way of global collaboration.
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ืœื“ืจืš ื—ื“ืฉื” ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ-ืคืขื•ืœื” ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™.
13:01
I would keep your eye on this fellow.
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ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื›ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื ืขื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”.
13:04
Another example of this sort of second superpower thing
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ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœืกื•ื’ ืฉื•ื ื” ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื—-ืขืœ
ื”ื•ื ืขืœื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืžื›ื ื™ื "ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ืจืฆื™ื ื™ื™ื".
13:07
is the rise of these games that are what we call "serious play."
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ืื ื• ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื ื–ืืช ื”ืจื‘ื”. ื–ื” ื ืขืฉื” ื ืคื•ืฅ ืžืื“.
13:11
We're looking a lot at this. This is spreading everywhere.
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13:13
This is from "A Force More Powerful." It's a little screenshot.
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ื–ื” ืœืงื•ื— ืž"ื›ื•ื— ื—ื–ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ". ื–ื”ื• ืฆื™ืœื•ื ืžืกืš.
13:16
"A Force More Powerful" is a video game that,
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ื–ื”ื• ืžืฉื—ืง ืžื—ืฉื‘,
13:18
while you're playing it, it teaches you how to engage
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ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ืžืœืžื“ ืื™ืš ืœืขืกื•ืง
ื‘ื”ืชืงื•ืžืžื•ืช ืœื-ืืœื™ืžื” ื•ื‘ื”ื—ืœืคืช ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจ.
13:21
in non-violent insurrection and regime change. (Laughter)
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13:23
Here's another one. This is from a game called "Food Force,"
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ื”ื ื” ืขื•ื“ ื“ื•ื’ืžื”. ื–ื” ืžืชื•ืš ืžืฉื—ืง ื‘ืฉื "ื›ื•ื— ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ",
13:26
which is a game that teaches children how to run a refugee camp.
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ืžืฉื—ืง ืฉืžืœืžื“ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืื™ืš ืœื ื”ืœ ืžื—ื ื” ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื.
13:30
These things are all contributing in a very dynamic way
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ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืช ืžืื“
ืœืขืœื™ื™ื” ืขืฆื•ืžื”, ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืชืคืชื—,
13:34
to a huge rise in, especially in the developing world,
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13:39
in people's interest in and passion for democracy.
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ื‘ื”ืชืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืขื– ื‘ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”.
13:42
We get so little news about the developing world
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ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืืœื™ื ื• ื›ื” ืžืขื˜ ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืชืคืชื—,
13:45
that we often forget that there are literally
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ืฉืื ื• ืฉื•ื›ื—ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉื, ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ,
ืžืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื ืฉื ืื‘ืงื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
13:49
millions of people out there struggling to change things
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13:51
to be fairer, freer, more democratic, less corrupt.
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ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื’ื ืช, ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช, ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ื•ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื•ืฉื—ืชืช.
13:55
And, you know, we don't hear those stories enough.
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ื•ืื ื• ืœื ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืžืกืคื™ืง ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
13:57
But it's happening all over the place,
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื,
13:59
and these tools are part of what's making it possible.
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ื•ื›ืœื™ื ืืœื” ื”ื ื—ืœืง ืžืžื” ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ื–ืืช.
14:01
Now when you add all those things together,
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ื•ื›ืฉืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”,
14:03
when you add together leapfrogging and new kinds of tools,
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ื›ืฉืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื—ื“ ืืช ืงืคื™ืฆื•ืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื•ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื,
14:05
you know, second superpower stuff, etc., what do you get?
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ื›ื•ื—-ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ ื•ื›ื•', ืžื” ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื?
14:09
Well, very quickly, you get a Bright Green future for the developing world.
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ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžื”ืจ ืžืื“ ืขืชื™ื“ ื™ืจื•ืง-ื‘ื•ื”ืง ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืชืคืชื—,
14:13
You get, for example, green power spread throughout the world.
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ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื›ื•ื— ื™ืจื•ืง ืฉืžืชืคืฉื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
14:17
You get -- this is a building in Hyderabad, India.
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ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื -- ื–ื”ื• ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืจื•ืง ื‘ื”ื™ื“ืจืื‘ืื“ ืฉื‘ื”ื•ื“ื•.
14:19
It's the greenest building in the world.
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ื–ื”ื• ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืจื•ืง ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
14:21
You get grassroots solutions, things that work
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ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืขืžืžื™ื™ื, ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžืชืื™ืžื™ื
ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื•ืŸ ืื• ื‘ืขืœื™ ื’ื™ืฉื” ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช.
14:23
for people who have no capital or limited access.
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14:25
You get barefoot solar engineers carrying solar panels into the remote mountains.
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ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืกื•ืœืืจื™ื™ื ื™ื—ืคื™ื ืฉื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ืกื•ืœืืจื™ื™ื ืœื”ืจื™ื ื”ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื.
14:29
You get access to distance medicine.
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ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืจืคื•ืื” ืžืจื•ื—ืงืช.
14:31
These are Indian nurses learning how to use PDAs
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ืืœื” ืื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืžื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืขื–ืจื™ื ื“ื™ื’ื˜ืœื™ื™ื ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื.
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ืฉืช ืืœ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™-ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืžื™ื“ืข
14:34
to access databases that have information
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ืฉื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืŸ ื’ื™ืฉื”-ืžืจื—ื•ืง ืืœื™ื•.
14:36
that they don't have access to at home in a distant manner.
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14:39
You get new tools for people in the developing world.
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ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื›ืœื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืชืคืชื—.
14:42
These are LED lights that help the roughly billion people out there,
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ื–ื• ืชืื•ืจืช "ืœื“" ืฉืขื•ื–ืจืช ืœื›ืžืขื˜ ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื,
14:46
for whom nightfall means darkness,
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ืฉืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื ืœื™ืœื” ืžืฉืžืขื• ื—ืฉื›ื”,
14:48
to have a new means of operating.
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ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช.
14:50
These are refrigerators that require no electricity;
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ืืœื” ืžืงืจืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ื ื—ืฉืžืœ,
ื”ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืกื™ืจ-ื‘ืชื•ืš-ืกื™ืจ.
14:53
they're pot within a pot design.
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ื•ื’ื ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžื™ื. ืžื™ื ื”ื ืžื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื›ืื•ื‘ื•ืช
14:55
And you get water solutions. Water's one of the most pressing problems.
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14:58
Here's a design for harvesting rainwater that's super cheap
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ื”ื ื” ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืกื•ืคืจ-ื–ื•ืœ ืœืื’ื™ืจืช ืžื™ ื’ืฉื
15:00
and available to people in the developing world.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืœื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืชืคืชื—.
15:02
Here's a design for distilling water using sunlight.
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ื”ื ื” ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืœื–ื™ืงื•ืง ืžื™ื ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืื•ืจ ืฉืžืฉ.
ื–ื”ื• ืœื•ื›ื“-ืขืจืคืœ. ืื ืืชื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืœื— ื›ืžื• ื’'ื•ื ื’ืœ,
15:07
Here's a fog-catcher, which, if you live in a moist, jungle-like area,
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15:12
will distill water from the air that's clean and drinkable.
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ื”ื•ื ืžื–ืงืง ืžืŸ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ืžื™ื ื–ื›ื™ื ื•ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœืฉืชื™ื”.
15:15
Here's a way of transporting water.
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ื”ื ื” ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืœื”ื•ื‘ืœืช ืžื™ื.
15:17
I just love this, you know -- I mean carrying water is such a drag,
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ืื ื™ ืžืช ืขืœ ื–ื”: ื”ืจื™ ืœืฉืืช ืžื™ื ื–ื• ื‘ืขื™ื” ืจืฆื™ื ื™ืช,
15:20
and somebody just came up with the idea of well, what if you rolled it. Right?
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ืื– ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื—ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืœื’ืœื’ืœ ืื•ืชื.
15:23
I mean, that's a great design.
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ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
15:25
This is a fabulous invention, LifeStraw.
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ื–ื• ื”ืžืฆืื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”, "ืœื™ื™ืฃ-ืกื˜ืจื•" ("ืงืฉ ื—ื™ื™ื").
15:28
Basically you can suck any water through this
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ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ืช, ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืื•ื‘ ื“ืจืš ื–ื” ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื,
ื•ื›ืฉื”ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืฉืคืชื™ื™ื - ื”ื ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœืฉืชื™ื”.
15:31
and it will become drinkable by the time it hits your lips.
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15:34
So, you know, people who are in desperate straits can get this.
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ืื– ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื•ืงื” ืงืฉื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื–ื”.
15:37
This is one of my favorite Worldchanging kinds of things ever.
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ื–ื”ื• ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืฉื ื™-ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™.
ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกื—ืจื—ืจืช ืฉื”ืžืฆื™ืื” ื—ื‘ืจืช "ืจืื•ื ื“ืื‘ืื•ื˜",
15:40
This is a merry-go-round invented by the company Roundabout,
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ืฉืฉื•ืื‘ืช ืžื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ืขืœื™ื”.
15:43
which pumps water as kids play. You know?
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15:48
Seriously -- give that one a hand, it's pretty great.
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ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช - ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”. ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
15:51
And the same thing is true for people who are in absolute crisis. Right?
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ื•ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื’ืžื•ืจ.
15:55
We're expecting to have upwards of 200 million refugees by the year 2020
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ืื ื• ืžืฆืคื™ื ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-200 ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื ืช 2020
15:59
because of climate change and political instability.
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ืขืงื‘ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื ื•ืื™-ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช.
16:01
How do we help people like that?
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ืื™ืš ื ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืืœื”?
ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืชื›ื ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื•ืžื ื™ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื
16:03
Well, there's all sorts of amazing new humanitarian designs
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16:05
that are being developed in collaborative ways all across the planet.
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ืฉื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
16:08
Some of those designs include models for acting,
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ื›ืžื” ืžื”ื ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืžื•ื“ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืคืขื•ืœื”,
16:11
such as new models for village instruction in the middle of refugee camps.
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ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื“ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื›ืคืจื™ ื‘ืœื‘ ืžื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื.
16:14
New models for pedagogy for the displaced.
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ืžื•ื“ืœื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœืžืขืŸ ืžื™ ืฉื ื•ืฉืœื• ืžืื“ืžืชื.
16:17
And we have new tools.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ืœื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื.
ื–ื” ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™.
16:19
This is one of my absolute favorite things anywhere.
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16:21
Does anyone know what this is?
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ื”ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ื–ื”?
16:23
Audience: It detects landmines.
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ืงื”ืœ: ื–ื” ืžื’ืœื” ืžื•ืงืฉื™ื.
16:24
Alex Steffen: Exactly, this is a landmine-detecting flower.
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง. ื–ื” ืคืจื— ืžื’ืœื” ืžื•ืงืฉื™ื.
ืื ืืชื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื—ื“ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช
16:28
If you are living in one of the places
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ื‘ื”ื ืžืคื•ื–ืจื™ื ื›ื—ืฆื™ ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืžื•ืงืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ืžื•ืคื•,
16:30
where the roughly half-billion unaccounted for mines are scattered,
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16:33
you can fling these seeds out into the field.
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ืืชื ืžืคื–ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื–ืจืขื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื‘ืฉื“ื”.
16:36
And as they grow up, they will grow up around the mines,
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ื ืฆื•ืžื—ื™ื, ื”ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืžื•ืงืฉื™ื,
16:40
their roots will detect the chemicals in them,
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ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื”ื ืžืืชืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื ืฉื‘ืžื•ืงืฉื™ื,
ื•ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ืคืจื—ื™ื ื ืขืฉื™ื ืื“ื•ืžื™ื - ืืกื•ืจ ืœื“ืจื•ืš.
16:43
and where the flowers turn red you don't step.
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ื›ืŸ, ื–ืจืขื™ื ืžืฆื™ืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื.
16:48
Yeah, so seeds that could save your life. You know?
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[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
16:52
(Applause)
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16:53
I also love it because it seems to me
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ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื–ื”, ื’ื ื›ื™ ื ืจืื” ืœื™
ื›ืžื• ื‘ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื–ื•, ืฉื”ื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื,
16:55
that the example, the tools we use to change the world,
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17:01
ought to be beautiful in themselves.
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ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ืคื™ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื.
17:04
You know, that it's not just enough to survive.
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ืœื ื“ื™ ื‘ืฉืจื™ื“ื” ื›ืฉืœืขืฆืžื”;
17:06
We've got to make something better than what we've got.
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืฉื”ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื•.
ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื ืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ื›ืš.
17:10
And I think that we will.
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ื•ืœืกื™ื•ื, ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื ืฆื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”' ื’' ื•ื•ืœืก,
17:13
Just to wrap up, in the immortal words of H.G. Wells,
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ,
17:16
I think that better things are on the way.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉ"ื›ืœ ื”ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืจืืฉื™ืชื” ืฉืœ ืจืืฉื™ืช,
17:18
I think that, in fact, that "all of the past is but the beginning of a beginning.
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17:22
All that the human mind has accomplished
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"ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืฉื™ื’ ื”ืžื•ื— ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™
17:24
is but the dream before the awakening."
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"ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื”ื—ืœื•ื ืฉืœืคื ื™ ื”ื™ืงื™ืฆื”."
17:26
I hope that that turns out to be true.
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื–ื” ื™ืชื‘ืจืจ ื›ื ื›ื•ืŸ
ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืื•ืœื ื–ื” ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš.
17:29
The people in this room have given me more confidence than ever that it will.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื
17:32
Thank you very much.
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17:33
(Applause)
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[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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