Kenneth Shinozuka: My simple invention, designed to keep my grandfather safe

Translator: Nurzurani (Lusia) Nurdin Reviewer: Rifki Akbar

What's the fastest growing threat to Americans' health?

Ancaman kesehatan apa yang peningkatannya paling pesat di Amerika?

Cancer? Heart attacks? Diabetes?

Kanker? Serangan jantung? Diabetes?

The answer is actually none of these;

Bukan itu semua;

it's Alzheimer's disease.

jawabannya adalah penyakit Alzheimer.

Every 67 seconds,

Setiap 67 detik,

someone in the United States is diagnosed with Alzheimer's.

seseorang di Amerika Serikat didiagnosa mengidap Alzheimer.

As the number of Alzheimer's patients triples by the year 2050,

Saat jumlah penderita Alzheimer meningkat tiga kali lipat tahun 2050,

caring for them, as well as the rest of the aging population,

menjaga mereka, dan para manula lainnya,

will become an overwhelming societal challenge.

akan menjadi tantangan yang berat bagi masyarakat.

My family has experienced firsthand

Keluarga saya mengetahui persis

the struggles of caring for an Alzheimer's patient.

perjuangan menjaga penderita Alzheimer.

Growing up in a family with three generations,

Tumbuh di dalam keluarga tiga generasi,

I've always been very close to my grandfather.

saya selalu sangat dekat dengan kakek.

When I was four years old,

Saat saya berumur empat tahun,

my grandfather and I were walking in a park in Japan

kakek dan saya berjalan di sebuah taman di Jepang

when he suddenly got lost.

saat tiba-tiba ia tersesat.

It was one of the scariest moments I've ever experienced in my life,

Itu salah satu momen paling menakutkan yang pernah saya alami,

and it was also the first instance that informed us

dan saat itu juga pertama kalinya kami menyadari

that my grandfather had Alzheimer's disease.

bahwa kakek saya menderita Alzheimer.

Over the past 12 years, his condition got worse and worse,

Selama 12 tahun terakhir, kondisi kakek semakin memburuk,

and his wandering in particular caused my family a lot of stress.

terutama kebiasaannya berkeluyuran yang membuat keluarga saya tertekan.

My aunt, his primary caregiver,

Tante saya, perawat utama kakek,

really struggled to stay awake at night to keep an eye on him,

berusaha keras setiap malam menjaga kakek,

and even then often failed to catch him leaving the bed.

tapi masih sering gagal melihatnya turun dari kasur.

I became really concerned about my aunt's well-being

Saya sangat mengkhawatirkan kesehatan tante saya

as well as my grandfather's safety.

dan juga keselamatan kakek.

I searched extensively for a solution that could help my family's problems,

Saya berusaha keras mencari jalan keluar untuk permasalahan keluarga saya,

but couldn't find one.

tapi tak berhasil.

Then, one night about two years ago,

Kemudian, suatu malam sekitar dua tahun lalu,

I was looking after my grandfather and I saw him stepping out of the bed.

saya sedang menjaga kakek ketika melihatnya turun dari kasur.

The moment his foot landed on the floor,

Begitu kakinya menyentuh lantai,

I thought, why don't I put a pressure sensor on the heel of his foot?

saya pikir, kenapa tidak saya pasang sensor tekanan di tumit kakinya?

Once he stepped onto the floor and out of the bed,

Begitu kakek turun dari kasur dan menginjak lantai,

the pressure sensor would detect an increase in pressure caused by body weight

sensor tekanannya akan mendeteksi peningkatan tekanan karena berat badan

and then wirelessly send an audible alert to the caregiver's smartphone.

dan kemudian mengirim peringatan ke ponsel cerdas sang perawat.

That way, my aunt could sleep much better at night

Dengan begitu, tante saya bisa tidur nyenyak di malam hari

without having to worry about my grandfather's wandering.

tanpa harus khawatir kakek akan keluyuran.

So now I'd like to perform a demonstration of this sock.

Sekarang saya akan mendemonstrasikan kaus kaki ini.

Could I please have my sock model on the stage?

Bisakah peraga kaus kaki saya hadir di panggung?

Great.

Bagus.

So once the patient steps onto the floor --

Jadi begitu pasiennya menginjak lantai --

(Ringing) --

(Berdering) --

an alert is sent to the caregiver's smartphone.

peringatan dikirim ke ponsel cerdas sang perawat.

Thank you. (Applause)

Terima kasih. (Tepuk tangan)

Thank you, sock model.

Terima kasih, peraga kaus kaki.

So this is a drawing of my preliminary design.

Ini gambar desain awal saya.

My desire to create a sensor-based technology

Keinginan saya menciptakan teknologi berlandaskan sensor

perhaps stemmed from my lifelong love for sensors and technology.

mungkin tumbuh dari kecintaan saya kepada sensor dan teknologi sejak lama.

When I was six years old,

Waktu saya berumur enam tahun,

an elderly family friend fell down in the bathroom

seorang lansia teman keluarga terjatuh di kamar mandi

and suffered severe injuries.

dan menderita luka serius.

I became concerned about my own grandparents

Saya menjadi khawatir akan nenek kakek saya

and decided to invent a smart bathroom system.

dan memutuskan untuk membuat sistem kamar mandi cerdas.

Motion sensors would be installed inside the tiles of bathroom floors

Sensor gerakan akan ditanam di bawah ubin lantai kamar mandi

to detect the falls of elderly patients whenever they fell down in the bathroom.

untuk mendeteksi saat pasien lanjut usia terjatuh di kamar mandi.

Since I was only six years old at the time

Karena saat itu umur saya baru enam tahun

and I hadn't graduated from kindergarten yet,

dan belum lulus TK,

I didn't have the necessary resources and tools to translate my idea into reality,

saya tidak punya sumber daya dan alat-alat yang dibutuhkan untuk mewujudkan ide saya,

but nonetheless, my research experience

walau begitu, pengalaman riset saya

really implanted in me a firm desire to use sensors to help the elderly people.

menguatkan keinginan saya meningkatkan kualitas hidup lansia menggunakan sensor.

I really believe that sensors can improve the quality of life of the elderly.

Saya percaya sensor mampu meningkatkan kualitas hidup para lansia.

When I laid out my plan, I realized that I faced three main challenges:

Ada tiga tantangan utama yang saya sadari saat menguraikan rencana:

first, creating a sensor;

pertama, membuat sensor;

second, designing a circuit;

kedua, merancang sirkuit;

and third, coding a smartphone app.

dan ketiga, membuat aplikasi ponsel cerdas.

This made me realize that my project was actually much harder to realize

Ini menyadarkan saya bahwa proyek ini lebih sulit diwujudkan

than I initially had thought it to be.

dari yang saya kira.

First, I had to create a wearable sensor that was thin and flexible enough

Pertama, saya harus membuat sensor yang cukup tipis dan fleksibel

to be worn comfortably on the bottom of the patient's foot.

yang dapat dipakai dengan nyaman di bawah kaki pasien.

Setelah banyak riset dan menguji beberapa materi berbeda seperti karet,

After extensive research and testing of different materials like rubber,

which I realized was too thick to be worn snugly on the bottom of the foot,

yang saya sadari terlalu tebal untuk dipakai di bawah kaki,

saya putuskan untuk mencetak sensor film

I decided to print a film sensor

with electrically conductive pressure-sensitive ink particles.

dengan partikel tinta penghantar listrik yang peka terhadap tekanan.

Once pressure is applied, the connectivity between the particles increases.

Saat terjadi tekanan, keterhubungan antar partikel meningkat.

Therefore, I could design a circuit that would measure pressure

Jadi, saya bisa membuat sirkuit yang akan mengukur tekanan

dengan mengukur hambatan listrik.

by measuring electrical resistance.

Next, I had to design a wearable wireless circuit,

Lalu, saya harus membuat sirkuit nirkabel yang bisa dipakai,

but wireless signal transmission consumes lots of power

namun transmisi sinyal nirkabel memakai banyak tenaga

and requires heavy, bulky batteries.

dan memerlukan baterai besar dan berat.

Thankfully, I was able to find out about the Bluetooth low energy technology,

Untungnya, saya menemukan teknologi Bluetooth yang berenergi rendah,

which consumes very little power and can be driven by a coin-sized battery.

menggunakan sangat sedikit tenaga dan bisa dijalankan oleh baterai seukuran koin.

This prevented the system from dying in the middle of the night.

Ini mencegah sistemnya mati di tengah malam.

Lastly, I had to code a smartphone app that would essentially transform

Terakhir, saya harus membuat aplikasi ponsel cerdas yang akan mengubah

the care-giver's smartphone into a remote monitor.

ponsel cerdas perawat menjadi monitor jarak jauh.

For this, I had to expand upon my knowledge of coding with Java and XCode

Saya menggunakan pengetahuan pemrograman Java dan XCode saya untuk hal ini

and I also had to learn about how to code for Bluetooth low energy devices

dan juga mempelajari cara memprogram perangkat Bluetooth berenergi rendah

by watching YouTube tutorials and reading various textbooks.

dari video tutorial di YouTube dan beragam buku pelajaran.

Integrating these components, I was able to successfully create two prototypes,

Dengan menyatukan komponen-komponen ini, saya bisa menciptakan dua prototipe,

one in which the sensor is embedded inside a sock,

satu yang sensornya tertanam di dalam kaus kaki,

and another that's a re-attachable sensor assembly

dan satu lagi yaitu rangkaian sensor pasang ulang

that can be adhered anywhere that makes contact

yang bisa ditempelkan di semua yang bersentuhan

with the bottom of the patient's foot.

dengan bagian bawah kaki pasien.

I've tested the device on my grandfather for about a year now,

Perangkat ini sudah saya uji pada kakek saya selama setahun,

and it's had a 100 percent success rate

dan 100 persen sukses

in detecting the over 900 known cases of his wandering.

dalam mendeteksi lebih dari 900 kasus keluyuran kakek.

Last summer, I was able to beta test my device

Musim panas lalu, perangkatnya saya uji coba

at several residential care facilities in California,

di beberapa fasilitas panti jompo di California,

and I'm currently incorporating the feedback

dan sekarang saya menggunakan umpan baliknya

to further improve the device into a marketable product.

untuk memperbaiki perangkatnya agar bisa dipasarkan.

Testing the device on a number of patients

Menguji perangkatnya pada banyak pasien

made me realize that I needed to invent solutions

menyadarkan saya bahwa saya perlu menciptakan sesuatu

for people who didn't want to wear socks to sleep at night.

untuk orang-orang yang tidak menggunakan kaus kaki saat tidur malam.

So sensor data, collected on a vast number of patients,

Jadi data sensor, yang diambil dari banyak pasien,

can be useful for improving patient care

bisa berguna untuk meningkatkan kualitas rawat pasien

and also leading to a cure for the disease, possibly.

dan mungkin juga untuk menyembuhkan penyakitnya.

For example, I'm currently examining

Contohnya, saya sedang mengamati

correlations between the frequency of a patient's nightly wandering

korelasi antara frekuensi pasien keluyuran di malam hari

and his or her daily activities and diet.

dengan aktivitas dan pola makannya sehari-hari.

One thing I'll never forget is when my device first caught

Saya tidak akan lupa pertama kali perangkat saya mendeteksi

my grandfather's wandering out of bed at night.

kakek turun dari kasur di malam hari.

At that moment, I was really struck by the power of technology

Saat itu, saya sangat terkesan dengan kemampuan teknologi

to change lives for the better.

dalam memperbaiki hidup.

People living happily and healthfully --

Orang-orang hidup dengan bahagia dan sehat --

that's the world that I imagine.

itu dunia yang saya bayangkan.

Thank you very much.

Terima kasih banyak.

(Applause)

(Tepuk tangan)