A Darwinian theory of beauty | Denis Dutton

655,332 views ・ 2010-11-16

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Prevoditelj: Mislav Ante Omazić - EFZG Recezent: Davorin Jelačić
00:15
Delighted to be here
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Oduševljen sam što sam ovdje
00:18
and to talk to you about a subject dear to my heart,
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i što vam mogu pričati o temi koja mi je srcu draga,
00:20
which is beauty.
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a to je ljepota.
00:23
I do the philosophy of art, aesthetics,
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Bavim se filozofijom umjetnosti, estetikom,
00:26
actually, for a living.
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u stvari, za život.
00:28
I try to figure out intellectually,
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Pokušavam intelektualno shvatiti,
00:30
philosophically, psychologically,
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filozofski, psihološki,
00:32
what the experience of beauty is,
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koje je iskustvo ljepote,
00:35
what sensibly can be said about it
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što se osjećajno o tome može reći
00:38
and how people go off the rails in trying to understand it.
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i kako ljudi iskliznu iz šina pokušavajući to razumjeti.
00:41
Now this is an extremely complicated subject,
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To je izuzetno kompleksna tema,
00:44
in part because the things that we call beautiful
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djelomično zato jer su stvari koje zovemo lijepima
00:47
are so different.
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toliko različite.
00:49
I mean just think of the sheer variety --
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Razmislite o finoj raznolikosti --
00:51
a baby's face,
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dječjeg lica,
00:53
Berlioz's "Harold in Italy,"
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Berlioz-ovog "Harold u Italiji",
00:55
movies like "The Wizard of Oz"
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filmova poput "Čarobnjak iz Oza",
00:57
or the plays of Chekhov,
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ili skladbi Čehova,
00:59
a central California landscape,
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pejzaža središnje Kalifornije,
01:01
a Hokusai view of Mt. Fuji,
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Hokusai pogleda na planinu Fuji,
01:04
"Der Rosenkavalier,"
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"Der Rosenkavalier",
01:06
a stunning match-winning goal
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pobjednički gol divne utakmice
01:08
in a World Cup soccer match,
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na Svjetskom prvenstvu,
01:10
Van Gogh's "Starry Night,"
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Van Goghove "Zvjezdane noći"
01:12
a Jane Austen novel,
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romana Jane Austen,
01:14
Fred Astaire dancing across the screen.
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Fred Astaireovog plesa preko ekrana.
01:17
This brief list includes human beings,
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Ova kratka lista uključuje ljudska bića,
01:20
natural landforms,
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prirodne reljefne oblike,
01:22
works of art and skilled human actions.
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umjetnička djela i vješte ljudske akcije.
01:25
An account that explains the presence of beauty
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Procjena koja objašnjava prisutnost ljepote
01:28
in everything on this list
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u svemu na listi
01:30
is not going to be easy.
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neće biti jednostavna.
01:32
I can, however, give you at least a taste
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Mogu, kako bilo, vam dati barem okus
01:35
of what I regard
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onoga što ja smatram
01:37
as the most powerful theory of beauty
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kao najmoćnije teorije ljepote
01:39
we yet have.
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koju do sada imamo.
01:41
And we get it not from a philosopher of art,
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I dobili smo je, ne od filozofa umjetnosti,
01:43
not from a postmodern art theorist
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ne od teoretičara postmoderne umjetnosti
01:45
or a bigwig art critic.
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ili velikih kritičara umjetnosti.
01:47
No, this theory
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Ne, ta teorija
01:49
comes from an expert
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dolazi od stručnjaka
01:51
on barnacles and worms and pigeon breeding,
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za rakove vitičare i crve i uzgoj golubova.
01:57
and you know who I mean:
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I znate na koga mislim --
02:00
Charles Darwin.
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Charles Darwin.
02:02
Of course, a lot of people think they already know
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Naravno, veliki broj ljudi misli kako već zna
02:05
the proper answer to the question,
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pravi odgovor na ovo pitanje,
02:08
"What is beauty?"
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što je ljepota?
02:11
It's in the eye of the beholder.
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Ona je u oku promatrača.
02:13
It's whatever moves you personally.
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Predstavlja štogod vas osobno pokreće.
02:15
Or, as some people,
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Ili, kako neki ljudi --
02:17
especially academics prefer,
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posebno znanstvenici -- preferiraju,
02:19
beauty is in the culturally conditioned
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ljepota je kulturološki uvjetovana
02:22
eye of the beholder.
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očima promatrača.
02:24
People agree that paintings or movies or music
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Ljudi se slažu kako su slike ili filmovi ili glazba
02:27
are beautiful
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lijepi
02:29
because their cultures determine a uniformity of aesthetic taste.
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jer njihova kultura određuje uniformirani estetski ukus.
02:33
Taste for both natural beauty and for the arts
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Ukus za oboje, prirodnu ljepotu i umjetnost,
02:36
travel across cultures
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putuje preko kultura
02:38
with great ease.
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s velikom lakoćom.
02:40
Beethoven is adored in Japan.
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Beethovena obožavaju u Japanu.
02:42
Peruvians love Japanese woodblock prints.
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Peruanci vole japanske printove u drvu.
02:45
Inca sculptures are regarded as treasures
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Inka skulpture se smatraju blagom
02:47
in British museums,
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u britanskim muzejima,
02:49
while Shakespeare is translated
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dok se Shakespeare prevodi
02:51
into every major language of the Earth.
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na svaki važniji jezik na Zemlji.
02:54
Or just think about American jazz
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Ili samo pomislite na američki jazz
02:56
or American movies --
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ili američke filmove --
02:58
they go everywhere.
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oni idu svugdje.
03:00
There are many differences among the arts,
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Postoji jako puno različitosti između umjetnosti,
03:03
but there are also universal,
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ali postoje ujedno univerzalna,
03:05
cross-cultural aesthetic pleasures
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kros-kulturna estetska zadovoljstva
03:07
and values.
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i vrijednosti.
03:09
How can we explain
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Kako možemo objasniti
03:12
this universality?
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tu univerzalnost?
03:15
The best answer lies in trying to reconstruct
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Najbolji odgovor leži u pokušaju rekonstrukcije
03:17
a Darwinian evolutionary history
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Darwinove evolucijske povijesti
03:20
of our artistic and aesthetic tastes.
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naših umjetničkih i estetskih ukusa.
03:23
We need to reverse-engineer
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Moramo okrenuti inženjering
03:25
our present artistic tastes and preferences
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naše sadašnje umjetničke ukuse i sklonosti
03:28
and explain how they came
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te objasniti kako je došlo
03:30
to be engraved in our minds
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da nam budu ugravirane u um.
03:33
by the actions of both our prehistoric,
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Akcijama naše prehistorijske,
03:36
largely pleistocene environments,
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uglavnom pleistocene okoline,
03:38
where we became fully human,
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gdje smo u potpunosti postali ljudima,
03:40
but also by the social situations
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ali također zbog društvenih situacija
03:42
in which we evolved.
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u kojima smo evoluirali.
03:44
This reverse engineering
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Obrnuti inženjering
03:46
can also enlist help
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može također angažirati pomoć
03:49
from the human record
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od ljudske arhive
03:51
preserved in prehistory.
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sačuvane u predpovijesti.
03:53
I mean fossils, cave paintings and so forth.
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Mislim na fosile, slike u pećinama i tako dalje.
03:56
And it should take into account
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I trebalo bi uzeti u obzir
03:58
what we know of the aesthetic interests
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ono što znamo o estetskim interesima
04:00
of isolated hunter-gatherer bands
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izoliranih grupa lovaca
04:03
that survived into the 19th and the 20th centuries.
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koje su preživjele sve do 19. i 20. stoljeća.
04:07
Now, I personally
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Ja osobno
04:09
have no doubt whatsoever
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nemam dvojbi kako bilo
04:11
that the experience of beauty,
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kako iskustvo ljepote,
04:13
with its emotional intensity and pleasure,
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sa svojim emocionalnim intezitetom i užitkom,
04:16
belongs to our evolved human psychology.
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pripada našoj razvijenoj ljudskoj psihologiji.
04:20
The experience of beauty is one component
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Iskustvo ljepote je jedna sastavnica
04:23
in a whole series of Darwinian adaptations.
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cijelog niza Darwinskih adaptacija.
04:27
Beauty is an adaptive effect,
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Ljepota je adaptivna posljedica,
04:29
which we extend
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koju širimo
04:31
and intensify
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i inteziviramo
04:33
in the creation and enjoyment
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u stvaranju i uživanju
04:35
of works of art and entertainment.
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djela umjetnosti i zabave.
04:39
As many of you will know,
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Kao što će većina vas znati,
04:41
evolution operates by two main primary mechanisms.
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evolucija operira kroz dva primarna mehanizma.
04:44
The first of these is natural selection --
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Prvi od kojih je prirodna selekcija --
04:47
that's random mutation and selective retention --
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to je nasumična mutacija i selektivno zadržavanje --
04:50
along with our basic anatomy and physiology --
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zajedno s našom osnovnom anatomijom i fiziologijom --
04:53
the evolution of the pancreas or the eye or the fingernails.
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evolucija gušterače ili oka ili nokata.
04:56
Natural selection also explains
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Prirodna selekcija također objašnjava
04:59
many basic revulsions,
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mnoge osnovne odvratnosti,
05:01
such as the horrid smell of rotting meat,
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poput strašnih mirisa trulog mesa,
05:03
or fears, such as the fear of snakes
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ili strahova, poput straha od zmija
05:06
or standing close to the edge of a cliff.
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ili stajanja blizu ruba litice.
05:09
Natural selection also explains pleasures --
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Prirodna selekcija također objašnjava zadovoljstva --
05:12
sexual pleasure,
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seksualno zadovoljstvo,
05:14
our liking for sweet, fat and proteins,
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naše uživanje u slatkišima, masnoći i proteinima,
05:17
which in turn explains a lot of popular foods,
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koji opet objašnjavaju puno popularne hrane,
05:20
from ripe fruits through chocolate malts
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od zrelog voća do čokoladnih sladova
05:23
and barbecued ribs.
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i rebarca na roštilju.
05:26
The other great principle of evolution
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Drugi sjajni princip evolucije
05:28
is sexual selection,
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je seksualna selekcija,
05:30
and it operates very differently.
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i ona djeluje bitno drugačije.
05:32
The peacock's magnificent tail
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Paunov veličanstveni rep
05:35
is the most famous example of this.
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je najslavniji primjer toga.
05:38
It did not evolve for natural survival.
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To se nije razvilo za prirodni opstanak.
05:41
In fact, it goes against natural survival.
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U stvari, ide protiv prirodnog opstanka.
05:44
No, the peacock's tail
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Ne, paunov rep
05:46
results from the mating choices
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rezultirao je izborima parenja
05:48
made by peahens.
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koje su napravile paunice.
05:50
It's quite a familiar story.
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To je prilično poznata priča.
05:52
It's women who actually push history forward.
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To je žena koja u stvari gura povijest prema naprijed.
05:56
Darwin himself, by the way,
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Darwin osobno, uz put,
05:58
had no doubts that the peacock's tail
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nije imao dvojbi kako je paunov rep
06:00
was beautiful in the eyes of the peahen.
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bio liijep u očima paunice.
06:02
He actually used that word.
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On je u stvari koristio tu riječ.
06:05
Now, keeping these ideas firmly in mind,
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Držeći te ideje čvrsto u glavi
06:08
we can say that the experience of beauty
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možemo reći kako je iskustvo lijepoga
06:11
is one of the ways that evolution has
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jedan od načina putem kojih evolucija
06:14
of arousing and sustaining
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pobuđuje i održava
06:16
interest or fascination,
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interes ili fascinaciju,
06:18
even obsession,
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čak opsesiju,
06:20
in order to encourage us
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kako bi nas potaknula
06:22
toward making the most adaptive decisions
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prema prihvaćanju najadaptivnijih odluka
06:25
for survival and reproduction.
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za opstanak i reprodukciju.
06:29
Beauty is nature's way
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Ljepota je način na koji priroda
06:31
of acting at a distance,
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djeluje na daljinu,
06:34
so to speak.
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takoreći.
06:36
I mean, you can't expect to eat
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Mislim, ne možete očekivati da ćete jesti
06:38
an adaptively beneficial landscape.
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adaptivno koristan krajolik.
06:40
It would hardly do to eat your baby
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Teško će to biti dovoljno vašem djetetu
06:42
or your lover.
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ili vašem ljubavniku.
06:44
So evolution's trick
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Tako je evolutivni trik
06:46
is to make them beautiful,
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bio da ih učini lijepima,
06:48
to have them exert a kind of magnetism
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da imaju neku vrstu privlačnosti
06:51
to give you the pleasure of simply looking at them.
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koja će vam dati zadovoljstvo čak i kada samo gledate u njih.
06:55
Consider briefly an important source of aesthetic pleasure,
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Razmislite nakratko važan izvor estetskog zadovljstva,
06:58
the magnetic pull
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magnetična privlačnost
07:00
of beautiful landscapes.
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prekrasnih krajolika.
07:02
People in very different cultures
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Ljudi različitih kultura
07:04
all over the world
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širom svijeta
07:06
tend to like a particular kind of landscape,
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naginju da im se sviđa specifična vrsta krajolika,
07:09
a landscape that just happens to be similar
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krajolik koji slučajno jest sličan
07:12
to the pleistocene savannas where we evolved.
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savanama ledenog doba na kojima smo evoluirali.
07:15
This landscape shows up today
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Taj se krajolik pokazuje danas
07:17
on calendars, on postcards,
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na kalendarima, na razglednicima,
07:20
in the design of golf courses and public parks
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u dizajnu igrališta za golf i javnih parkova
07:23
and in gold-framed pictures
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i u slikama sa zlatnim okvirima
07:25
that hang in living rooms
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koje vise u dnevnim sobama
07:27
from New York to New Zealand.
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od New Yorka do Novog Zelanda.
07:30
It's a kind of Hudson River school landscape
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To je neka vrsta škole krajolika rijeke Hudson
07:33
featuring open spaces
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koja ističe otvorene prostore
07:35
of low grasses
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niske trave
07:37
interspersed with copses of trees.
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prošarane sa šumicama.
07:40
The trees, by the way, are often preferred
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Drveće, uz put, se često preferira
07:42
if they fork near the ground,
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ako se račva blizu tla
07:44
that is to say, if they're trees you could scramble up
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odnosno, ako su to drveća na koja se možete brzo popeti
07:47
if you were in a tight fix.
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ako vam zatreba.
07:50
The landscape shows the presence
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Krajolik pokazuje prisutnost
07:52
of water directly in view,
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vode izravno na prikazu,
07:54
or evidence of water in a bluish distance,
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ili dokaz vode u plavkastoj daljini,
07:58
indications of animal or bird life
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indikacije životinja i ptica
08:01
as well as diverse greenery
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kao i različitog zelenila
08:03
and finally -- get this --
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i napokon -- shvatite ovo --
08:06
a path
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put
08:08
or a road,
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ili cesta,
08:10
perhaps a riverbank or a shoreline,
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možda riječnu ili morsku obalu
08:13
that extends into the distance,
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koja se proteže u daljinu,
08:16
almost inviting you to follow it.
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gotovo vas pozivajući da ju slijedite.
08:20
This landscape type is regarded as beautiful,
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Taj krajolik se smatra prekrasnim,
08:23
even by people in countries
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čak i od ljudi u zemljama
08:25
that don't have it.
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koje ga nemaju.
08:27
The ideal savanna landscape
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Idealni savana krajolik
08:29
is one of the clearest examples
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je jedan od najjasnijih primjera
08:31
where human beings everywhere
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u kojem ljudska bića svugdje
08:33
find beauty
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pronalaze ljepotu
08:35
in similar visual experience.
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u sličnom vizualnom iskustvu.
08:37
But, someone might argue,
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Ali, netko bi mogao argumentirati,
08:39
that's natural beauty.
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kako je to prirodna ljepota.
08:41
How about artistic beauty?
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Što je s umjetničkom ljepotom?
08:44
Isn't that exhaustively cultural?
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Nije li ona pretežno kulturna?
08:47
No, I don't think it is.
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Ne, ja ne mislim da je.
08:49
And once again, I'd like to look back to prehistory
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I opet, bih želio pogledati unatrag u pretpovijest
08:52
to say something about it.
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kako bih nešto o tome mogao reći.
08:54
It is widely assumed
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Često se pretpostavlja
08:56
that the earliest human artworks
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kako su najranije ljudske umjetnine
08:58
are the stupendously skillful cave paintings
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ogromne, vješto naslikane slike u pećinama.
09:01
that we all know from Lascaux
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koje svi znamo iz Lascauxa
09:03
and Chauvet.
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i Chauveta.
09:06
Chauvet caves
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Chauvetove pećine
09:08
are about 32,000 years old,
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su stare oko 32.000 godina,
09:10
along with a few small, realistic sculptures
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uz nekoliko malih, realističnih skulptura
09:13
of women and animals from the same period.
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žena i životinja iz istog razdoblja.
09:20
But artistic and decorative skills
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Ali artističke i dekorativne vještine
09:22
are actually much older than that.
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su u stvari bitno starije od toga.
09:26
Beautiful shell necklaces
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Prekrasne ogrlice od školjki
09:28
that look like something you'd see at an arts and crafts fair,
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koje izgledaju kao nešto što možete vidjeti na sajmu umjetnina i zanata,
09:31
as well as ochre body paint,
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kao i oker boja tijela,
09:33
have been found
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mogu se pronaći
09:35
from around 100,000 years ago.
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otprilike prije 100.000 godina.
09:37
But the most intriguing prehistoric artifacts
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Ali najintigrantniji prethistorijski artefakti
09:40
are older even than this.
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su stariji čak i od toga.
09:42
I have in mind
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Na umu imam
09:44
the so-called Acheulian hand axes.
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takozvane acheulianske ručne sjekire.
09:48
The oldest stone tools are choppers
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Najstariji kameni alati su sjekači
09:51
from the Olduvai Gorge in East Africa.
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iz Olduvai Gorgea u istočnoj Africi.
09:53
They go back about two-and-a-half-million years.
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Oni su stari preko dva i pol milijuna godina.
09:56
These crude tools
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Ti grubi alati
09:58
were around for thousands of centuries,
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su okolo tisućama stoljeća
10:01
until around 1.4 million years ago
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do otprilike 1,4 milijun godina unazad
10:04
when Homo erectus
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kada je Homo erectus
10:06
started shaping
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počeo oblikovati
10:08
single, thin stone blades,
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pojedinačne. tanke kamene noževe,
10:10
sometimes rounded ovals,
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ponekad okruglo ovalne,
10:13
but often in what are to our eyes
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ali često u, ono što je našim očima,
10:15
an arresting, symmetrical pointed leaf
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privlačnoj, simetričnoj formi koja podsječa na list
10:18
or teardrop form.
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ili suzu.
10:20
These Acheulian hand axes --
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Te acheulianske ručne sjekire --
10:22
they're named after St. Acheul in France,
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one su nazvane po sv. Acheulu u Francuskoj,
10:24
where finds were made in 19th century --
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gdje su pronađene u 19. stoljeću --
10:27
have been unearthed in their thousands,
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su iskopane u tisućama
10:30
scattered across Asia, Europe and Africa,
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razasute po Aziji, Europi i Africi,
10:33
almost everywhere Homo erectus
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gotovo svugdje gdje su Homo erectus
10:36
and Homo ergaster roamed.
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i Homo ergaster lutali.
10:39
Now, the sheer numbers of these hand axes
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Okrugle brojke tih ručnih sjekira
10:42
shows that they can't have been made
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ukazuju da nisu mogle biti napravljene
10:44
for butchering animals.
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za klanje životinja.
10:46
And the plot really thickens when you realize
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A zaplet doista eskalira kada shvatite
10:49
that, unlike other pleistocene tools,
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da, za razliku od drugih alata ledenog doba,
10:52
the hand axes often exhibit
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ručne sjekire nisu pokazivale
10:54
no evidence of wear
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nikakve dokaze habanja
10:56
on their delicate blade edges.
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na svojim delikatnim rubovima oštrica.
10:58
And some, in any event, are too big
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A neke, po svim kriterijima, su bile prevelike
11:00
to use for butchery.
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da bi se koristile za klanje.
11:03
Their symmetry, their attractive materials
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Njihova simetrija, njihovi atraktivni materijali
11:05
and, above all,
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i, iznad svega,
11:07
their meticulous workmanship
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njihova pedantna izrada
11:09
are simply quite beautiful
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su jednostavno prekrasni
11:12
to our eyes, even today.
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našim očima, čak i danas.
11:15
So what were these ancient --
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Dakle što su bile te drevne --
11:19
I mean, they're ancient, they're foreign,
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mislim, one su drevne, one su strane,
11:21
but they're at the same time
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ali su u isto vrijeme
11:23
somehow familiar.
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nekako poznate.
11:25
What were these artifacts for?
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Za što su ti artefakti služili?
11:28
The best available answer
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Najbolji mogući odgovor
11:30
is that they were literally
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da su doslovno bili
11:32
the earliest known works of art,
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najranija djela umjetnosti,
11:34
practical tools transformed
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praktični alati koji su bili transformirani
11:36
into captivating aesthetic objects,
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u zadivljujuće estetske objekte
11:39
contemplated both for their elegant shape
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kontemplirane zbog svog elegantnog oblika
11:41
and their virtuoso craftsmanship.
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i svoje virtuozne umješnosti.
11:45
Hand axes mark
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Ručne sjekire su obilježene
11:47
an evolutionary advance in human history --
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kao evolutivni napredak u ljudskoj povijesti --
11:49
tools fashioned to function
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alati oblikovani za slanje
11:51
as what Darwinians call "fitness signals" --
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kao što bi ih pristaše Darwina nazvali signala sposobnosti --
11:54
that is to say, displays
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to jest, pokazuju
11:56
that are performances
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da su predstave
11:58
like the peacock's tail,
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poput paunovog repa,
12:00
except that, unlike hair and feathers,
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pored svega, za razliku od dlake i perja,
12:03
the hand axes are consciously
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ručne sjekire su svjesno
12:05
cleverly crafted.
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pametno oblikovane.
12:07
Competently made hand axes
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Kompetentno napravljene ručne sjekire
12:09
indicated desirable personal qualities --
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ukazuju na poželjne osobne kvalitete --
12:13
intelligence, fine motor control,
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inteligenciju, finu motoričku kontrolu,
12:16
planning ability,
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sposobnost planiranja,
12:18
conscientiousness
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savjesnost
12:20
and sometimes access to rare materials.
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i ponekad pristup rijetkim materijalima.
12:23
Over tens of thousands of generations,
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Desecima tisuća generacija,
12:26
such skills increased the status
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te su vještine osnaživale status
12:28
of those who displayed them
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onih koji su ih demonstrirali
12:30
and gained a reproductive advantage
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i dobivali reprodukcijsku prednost
12:32
over the less capable.
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nad manje sposobnim.
12:34
You know, it's an old line,
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Znate, to je stara stvar,
12:36
but it has been shown to work --
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ali dokazano djeluje --
12:38
"Why don't you come up to my cave, so I can show you my hand axes?"
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"Zašto ne dođeš u moju pećinu, tako da ti mogu pokazati svoje ručne sjekire."
12:41
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
12:43
Except, of course, what's interesting about this
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Izuzev, naravno, onoga što je interesantno oko toga
12:46
is that we can't be sure how that idea was conveyed,
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ne možemo biti sigurni kako je ta ideja prenošena,
12:49
because the Homo erectus
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jer Homo erectus
12:51
that made these objects
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koji je radio te predmete
12:54
did not have language.
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nije imao jezik.
12:56
It's hard to grasp,
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Teško je to dosegnuti,
12:58
but it's an incredible fact.
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ali svejedno to je nevjerojatna činjenica.
13:01
This object was made
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Ti predmeti su izrađeni
13:03
by a hominid ancestor,
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od strane ljudskih predaka --
13:06
Homo erectus or Homo ergaster,
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Homo erectusa i Homo ergastera --
13:10
between 50,000 and 100,000 years
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između 50 i 100.000 godina
13:13
before language.
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prije jezika.
13:16
Stretching over a million years,
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Protežući se milijunima godina,
13:18
the hand axe tradition
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tradicija ručnih sjekira
13:20
is the longest artistic tradition
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je najstarija umjetnička tradicija
13:23
in human and proto-human history.
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u ljudskoj i proto-ljudskoj povijesti.
13:26
By the end of the hand axe epic, Homo sapiens --
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Do kraja ere ručnih sjekira, Homo sapiens --
13:29
as they were then called, finally --
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kao što su tada zvani, napokon --
13:31
were doubtless finding new ways
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su bez sumnje pronalazili nove načine
13:33
to amuse and amaze each other
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da zabave i zadive jedni druge
13:36
by, who knows, telling jokes,
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tako, tko zna, pričajući viceve,
13:38
storytelling, dancing, or hairstyling.
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pričajući priče, plešući ili radeći frizure.
13:41
Yes, hairstyling -- I insist on that.
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Da, frizure -- inzistiram na tome.
13:44
For us moderns,
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Za nas moderne,
13:46
virtuoso technique
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virtuozna tehnika
13:48
is used to create imaginary worlds
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se upotrebljava kako bi se stvorili imaginarni svjetovi
13:50
in fiction and in movies,
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u fikciji i filmovima,
13:52
to express intense emotions
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kako bi se izrazile emocije
13:54
with music, painting and dance.
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s glazbom, slikanjem i plesom.
13:57
But still,
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Ali još uvijek,
13:59
one fundamental trait
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jedno fundamentalno svojstvo
14:01
of the ancestral personality persists
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naših predaka opstaje
14:03
in our aesthetic cravings:
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u našim estetskim žudnjama:
14:06
the beauty we find
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ljepota koju pronalazimo
14:08
in skilled performances.
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jest vješta izvedba
14:10
From Lascaux to the Louvre
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Od Lascauxa do Louvrea
14:12
to Carnegie Hall,
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i Carnegie Halla,
14:14
human beings
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ljudska bića
14:16
have a permanent innate taste
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imaju stalno urođenu sklonost
14:18
for virtuoso displays in the arts.
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za virtuozno prikazivanje umjetnosti.
14:22
We find beauty
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Pronalazimo ljepotu
14:24
in something done well.
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u nečemu što se dobro napravi.
14:28
So the next time you pass a jewelry shop window
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Sljedeći puta kada prođete pored izloga draguljarnice
14:30
displaying a beautifully cut
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koja pokazuje prelijepo odrezani
14:32
teardrop-shaped stone,
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kamen u obliku suze,
14:34
don't be so sure
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nemojte biti toliko sigurni
14:36
it's just your culture telling you
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da vam samo kultura govori
14:38
that that sparkling jewel is beautiful.
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kako je taj bliješteći dragulj prelijep.
14:40
Your distant ancestors loved that shape
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Vaši daleki preci su voljeli taj oblik
14:43
and found beauty in the skill needed to make it,
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i pronašli ljepotu u vještini koja ga je oblikovala,
14:46
even before
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čak prije
14:48
they could put their love into words.
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dok su mogli pretvoriti svoju ljubav u riječi.
14:50
Is beauty in the eye of the beholder?
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Je li ljepota u očima promatrača?
14:53
No, it's deep in our minds.
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Ne, duboko je u našim umovima.
14:56
It's a gift handed down from the intelligent skills
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To je dar, prenesen inteligentnom vještinom
14:59
and rich emotional lives
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i bogatim emocionalnim životima
15:01
of our most ancient ancestors.
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naših najdavnijih predaka.
15:04
Our powerful reaction to images,
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Naša snažna reakcija na slike
15:06
to the expression of emotion in art,
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na ekspresiju emocija u umjetnosti
15:09
to the beauty of music, to the night sky,
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na ljepotu glazbe na noćnom nebu
15:12
will be with us and our descendants
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bit će s nama i našim nasljednicima
15:15
for as long as the human race exists.
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dokle god ljudska rasa postoji.
15:18
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
15:20
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
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