An Art Made of Trust, Vulnerability and Connection | Marina Abramović | TED Talks

Prevoditelj: Anja Kolobarić Recezent: Ivan Stamenković

Now...

Sada...

let's go back in time.

vratimo se u prošlost.

It's 1974.

Godina je 1974.

There is the gallery somewhere

U nekoj galeriji

in the world,

negdje u svijetu

and there is a young girl, age 23,

mlada 23-ogodišnjakinja

standing in the middle of the space.

stoji nasred nekog prostora.

In the front of her is a table.

Ispred nje je stol,

On the table there are 76 objects

a na stolu 76 predmeta

for pleasure and for pain.

koji mogu donijeti užitak i bol.

Some of the objects are

Neki od tih predmeta su:

a glass of water, a coat, a shoe, a rose.

čaša vode, kaput, cipela, ruža;

But also the knife, the razor blade, the hammer

ali i nož, žilet, čekić

and the pistol with one bullet.

i pištolj s jednim metkom.

There are instructions which say,

Upute kažu:

"I'm an object.

"Ja sam predmet.

You can use everything on the table on me.

Na meni možete koristiti sve s ovoga stola.

I'm taking all responsibility -- even killing me.

Preuzimam odgovornost za sve -- pa čak i za to da me ubijete.

And the time is six hours."

Imate šest sati."

The beginning of this performance was easy.

Početak ove izvedbe bio je jednostavan.

People would give me the glass of water to drink,

Ljudi bi mi davali čašu vode za piće

they'd give me the rose.

ili ružu,

But very soon after,

ali ubrzo je

there was a man who took the scissors and cut my clothes,

došao čovjek koji je uzeo škarice i izrezao mi odjeću,

and then they took the thorns of the rose and stuck them in my stomach.

a zatim su s ruže skinuli trnje i zaboli mi ih u trbuh.

Somebody took the razor blade and cut my neck and drank the blood,

Netko je uzeo žilet, porezao me po vratu i pio mi krv.

and I still have the scar.

Još uvijek nosim taj ožiljak.

The women would tell the men what to do.

Žene su govorile muškarcima što da rade.

And the men didn't rape me because it was just a normal opening,

Nisu me silovali jer je to bilo obično otvorenje,

and it was all public,

a i bilo je javno

and they were with their wives.

i bili su sa suprugama.

They carried me around and put me on the table,

Nosili su me okolo i stavili me na stol,

and put the knife between my legs.

stavili su mi nož između nogu.

And somebody took the pistol and bullet and put it against my temple.

Netko je uzeo pištolj s metkom i uperio mi ga u sljepoočnicu.

And another person took the pistol and they started a fight.

Zatim je druga osoba uzela pištolj i počeli su se tući.

And after six hours were finished,

Nakon tih šest sati

I...

ja...

started walking towards the public.

krenula sam prema publici.

I was a mess.

Bila sam sva u kaosu.

I was half-naked, I was full of blood and tears were running down my face.

Polugola, krvava i suze su mi se slijevale niz obraze.

And everybody escaped, they just ran away.

Svi su pobjegli, samo su zbrisali.

They could not confront myself, with myself as a normal human being.

Nisu se mogli nositi sa mnom, sa mnom kao s običnim ljudskim bićem.

And then --

I onda --

what happened

onda sam otišla

is I went to the hotel, it was at two in the morning.

u hotel, bilo je dva ujutro.

And

I

I looked at myself in the mirror,

pogledala sam se u ogledalo

and I had a piece of gray hair.

i ugledala sijedu vlas.

Alright --

Dobro --

please take off your blindfolds.

molim vas, skinite poveze za oči.

Welcome to the performance world.

Dobro došli u svijet performansa.

First of all, let's explain what the performance is.

Najprije ću vam objasniti što je to performans.

So many artists, so many different explanations,

Koliko umjetnika, toliko i objašnjenja.

but my explanation for performance is very simple.

No, moje objašnjenje performansa vrlo je jednostavno.

Performance is a mental and physical construction

Performans je mentalna i fizička konstrukcija

that the performer makes in a specific time

koju izvođač izvodi u određeno vrijeme

in a space in front of an audience

u određenom prostoru pred publikom

and then energy dialogue happens.

nakon čega uslijedi dijalog energija.

The audience and the performer make the piece together.

Publika i izvođač zajedno stvaraju djelo.

And the difference between performance and theater is huge.

Razlika između performansa i kazališta je ogromna.

In the theater, the knife is not a knife

U kazalištu nož nije nož,

and the blood is just ketchup.

a krv je samo kečap.

In the performance, the blood is the material,

U performansu krv je materija,

and the razor blade or knife is the tool.

žilet i nož su alati.

It's all about being there in the real time,

Bitna je aktualnost događanja.

and you can't rehearse performance,

Performans ne možete uvježbavati

because you can't do many of these types of things twice -- ever.

jer mnoge ovakve stvari nikada ne možete odraditi dvaput.

Which is very important, the performance is --

To je jako važno, performans je --

you know, all human beings are always afraid of very simple things.

znate, svi se mi bojimo iznimno jednostavnih stvari.

We're afraid of suffering, we're afraid of pain,

Bojimo se patnje, bojimo se boli,

we're afraid of mortality.

bojimo se smrtnosti.

So what I'm doing --

Ja

I'm staging these kinds of fears in front of the audience.

sve te strahove prikazujem pred publikom.

I'm using your energy,

Koristim se vašom energijom

and with this energy I can go and push my body as far as I can.

koja mi omogućava da svojim tijelom ispitujem njegove krajnosti

And then I liberate myself from these fears.

te se tako oslobađam ovih strahova.

And I'm your mirror.

Ja sam vaše ogledalo.

If I can do this for myself, you can do it for you.

Ako ja to mogu učiniti za sebe, možete i vi za vas.

After Belgrade, where I was born,

Poslije Beograda, u kojem sam rođena,

I went to Amsterdam.

otišla sam u Amsterdam.

And you know, I've been doing performances

Izvodim performanse

since the last 40 years.

zadnjih četrdeset godina.

And here I met Ulay,

Tu sam upoznala Ulaya,

and he was the person I actually fell in love with.

osobu u koju sam se zaista zaljubila.

And we made, for 12 years, performances together.

Dvanaest godina zajedno smo izvodili performanse.

You know the knife and the pistols and the bullets,

Onaj nož, pištolje i metke

I exchange into love and trust.

pretvaram u ljubav i povjerenje.

So to do this kind work you have to trust the person completely

Kako biste se mogli baviti ovako nečim, morate u potpunosti vjerovati drugome

because this arrow is pointing to my heart.

jer je ova strelica uperena u moje srce.

So, heart beating and adrenaline is rushing and so on,

Lupanje srca, udar adrenalina i sl.

is about trust, is about total trust to another human being.

pitanje je povjerenja - potpunog povjerenja u drugo ljudsko biće.

Our relationship was 12 years,

Naša je veza trajala 12 godina

and we worked on so many subjects, both male and female energy.

i surađivali smo na mnogim temama, i na muškoj i na ženskoj energiji.

And as every relationship comes to an end, ours went too.

I kako svakoj vezi jednom dođe kraj, tako je došao i našoj.

We didn't make phone calls like normal human beings do

Nismo se zvali kao normalna ljudska bića

and say, you know, "This is over."

da kažemo: "Među nama je gotovo."

We walked the Great Wall of China to say goodbye.

Za oproštaj smo prošetali Kineskim zidom.

I started at the Yellow Sea, and he started from the Gobi Desert.

Ja sam krenula od Žutog mora, a on od pustinje Gobi.

We walked, each of us, three months,

Oboje smo šetali tri mjeseca

two and a half thousand kilometers.

dvije i pol tisuće kilometara.

It was the mountains, it was difficult.

Planinsko je to područje, teško je bilo.

It was climbing, it was ruins.

Bilo je penjanja i ruševina.

It was, you know, going through the 12 Chinese provinces,

Prošli smo dvanaest kineskih provincija,

this was before China was open in '87.

a to je bilo '87. - prije otvaranja Kine.

And we succeeded to meet in the middle

Uspjeli smo se sresti na sredini

to say goodbye.

i oprostiti se.

And then our relationship stopped.

Tada je naša veza prestala.

And now, it completely changed how I see the public.

Sada se moje viđenje publike potpuno promijenilo,

And one very important piece I made in those days

a jedan od iznimno važnih komada koje sam u to vrijeme izvela

was "Balkan Baroque."

bijaše "Balkanski barok" -

And this was the time of the Balkan Wars,

u vrijeme balkanskih ratova.

and I wanted to create some very strong, charismatic image,

Htjela sam stvoriti snažnu karizmatičnu sliku,

something that could serve for any war at any time,

nešto što bi moglo poslužiti u vrijeme svakog rata

because the Balkan Wars are now finished, but there's always some war, somewhere.

jer je balkanskim ratovima sada došao kraj, ali uvijek se neki rat negdje vodi.

So here I am washing

Ovdje perem

two and a half thousand dead, big, bloody cow bones.

dvije i pol tisuće ogromnih krvavih kostiju mrtvih krava.

You can't wash the blood, you never can wash shame off the wars.

Ne možete isprati krv, ne možete sprati ljagu s ratova.

So I'm washing this six hours, six days, and wars are coming off these bones,

Ja perem te kosti šest sati, šest dana i rat se s njih polako skida

and becoming possible -- an unbearable smell.

i postaje moguće -- neizdrživ smrad.

But then something stays in the memory.

Ali nešto ostaje i u sjećanju.

I want to show you the one who really changed my life,

Pokazat ću vam performans koji mi je promijenio život,

and this was the performance in MoMa, which I just recently made.

a radi se o nedavnom performansu u njujorškom muzeju MoMa.

This performance -- when I said to the curator,

Kustosu sam rekla:

"I'm just going to sit at the chair,

"Samo ću sjediti na stolcu,

and there will be an empty chair at the front,

a ispred mene će biti prazan stolac

and anybody from the public can come and sit as long as they want."

i bilo tko iz publike moći će doći i sjediti koliko god budu htjeli."

The curator said to me,

Kustos mi je rekao:

"That's ridiculous, you know, this is New York,

"To je suludo! Ovo je New York,

this chair will be empty,

stolac će ostati prazan.

nobody has time to sit in front of you."

Nitko nema vremena sjediti pred tobom."

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

But I sit for three months.

Ali sjedila sam tamo tri mjeseca.

And I sit everyday, eight hours --

Svaki dan po osam sati --

the opening of the museum --

koliko muzej inače radi --

and 10 hours on Friday when the museum is open 10 hours,

i 10 sati petkom kada je otvoren deset sati.

and I never move.

I ne mičem odatle.

And I removed the table and I'm still sitting,

Kad sam maknula stol i nastavila sjediti,

and this changed everything.

sve se promijenilo.

This performance, maybe 10 or 15 years ago --

Prije 10 ili 15 godina ovim performansom

nothing would have happened.

ništa ne bih postigla.

But the need of people to actually experience something different,

Zahvaljujući ljudskoj potrebi za iskušavanjem nečeg drugačijeg,

the public was not anymore the group --

publika više nije bila skupina -

relation was one to one.

bili smo u odnosu jedan naprema jedan.

I was watching these people, they would come and sit in front of me,

Gledala sam te ljude, dolazili su i sjedili preda mnom,

but they would have to wait for hours and hours and hours

ali morali su čekati satima da dođu

to get to this position,

do praznog stolca

and finally, they sit.

i sjednu na njega.

And what happened?

Što se dogodilo?

They are observed by the other people,

Drugi ih ljudi promatraju,

they're photographed, they're filmed by the camera,

slikaju, snimaju,

they're observed by me

promatram ih i ja

and they have nowhere to escape except in themselves.

i nemaju gdje pobjeći osim u sebe same.

And that makes a difference.

To mijenja sve.

There was so much pain and loneliness,

Toliko je boli i usamljenosti,

there's so much incredible things when you look in somebody else's eyes,

nevjerojatnih stvari koje primijetite gledajući u nečije oči

because in the gaze with that total stranger,

jer u pogledu koji dijele dva potpuna stranca,

that you never even say one word -- everything happened.

bez ijedne izgovorene riječi dogodi se sve.

And I understood when I stood up from that chair after three months,

Kada sam nakon tri mjeseca ustala iz tog stolca, shvatila sam

I am not the same anymore.

da više nisam ista.

And I understood that I have a very strong mission,

Shvatila sam da imam snažan poziv,

that I have to communicate this experience

da moram svima govoriti

to everybody.

o svome iskustvu.

And this is how, for me, was born the idea

Tako sam nadošla na ideju

to have an institute of immaterial performing arts.

da osnujem institut umjetnosti nematerijalnog performansa.

Because thinking about immateriality,

Nematerijalnost, tj. nematerijalni performans

performance is time-based art.

temelji se na vremenu.

It's not like a painting.

Nije poput slikanja.

You have the painting on the wall, the next day it's there.

Imate sliku na zidu koja će i sutradan biti tamo.

Performance, if you are missing it, you only have the memory,

Ako propustite performans, imat ćete samo sjećanje

or the story of somebody else telling you,

ili priču koju će vam netko drugi pričati,

but you actually missed the whole thing.

ali sve ste propustili.

So you have to be there.

Morate biti ondje.

And in my point, if you talk about immaterial art,

S mog gledišta, kad govorimo o nematerijalnoj umjetnosti,

music is the highest -- absolutely highest art of all,

glazba je najuzvišenija umjetnost

because it's the most immaterial.

jer je najnematerijalnija.

And then after this is performance, and then everything else.

Nakon glazbe slijedi performans, a nakon njega sve ostalo.

That's my subjective way.

To je moje subjektivno viđenje.

This institute is going to happen in Hudson, upstate New York,

Institut će se nalaziti u Hudsonu, na sjeveru New Yorka,

and we are trying to build with Rem Koolhaas, an idea.

a s Remom Koolhaasom pokušavamo stvoriti ideju.

And it's very simple.

Vrlo je jednostavno.

If you want to get experience, you have to give me your time.

Ukoliko nešto želite iskusiti, morate mi povjeriti svoje vrijeme.

You have to sign the contract before you enter the building,

Morate potpisati ugovor prije nego što uđete u zgradu.

that you will spend there a full six hours,

Ugovor koji kaže da ćete tamo provesti punih šest sati.

you have to give me your word of honor.

Morate mi dati svoju časnu riječ.

It's something so old-fashioned,

Staromodno je,

but if you don't respect your own word of honor and you leave before --

ali ako ne poštujete vlastitu časnu riječ i odete ranije,

that's not my problem.

to nije moj problem.

But it's six hours, the experience.

No, to iskustvo traje šest sati,

And then after you finish, you get a certificate of accomplishment,

a kad završite, dobijete priznanje

so get home and frame it if you want.

koje možete i uramiti ako želite.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

This is orientation hall.

Ovo je dvorana za usmjeravanje.

The public comes in, and the first thing you have to do is dress in lab coats.

Kad publika dođe, najprije moraju obući kute.

It's this importance

Važno je

of stepping from being just a viewer into experimenter.

odmaknuti se od uloge promatrača do uloge istraživača.

And then you go to the lockers

U svlačionici

and you put your watch, your iPhone, your iPod, your computer

ostavite sad, iPhone, iPod, računalo

and everything digital, electronic.

i sve digitalno, elektronsko.

And you are getting free time for yourself for the first time.

Tada prvi put imate vremena za sebe.

Because there is nothing wrong with technology,

U tehnologiji nema ništa loše,

our approach to technology is wrong.

loš je naš pristup tehnologiji.

We are losing the time we have for ourselves.

Gubimo vrijeme koje imamo za sebe.

This is an institute to actually give you back this time.

Ovo je institut koji će vam vratiti to izgubljeno vrijeme.

So what you do here,

Ovdje

first you start slow walking, you start slowing down.

najprije počnete polagano koračati, počnete usporavati.

You're going back to simplicity.

Vraćate se jednostavnosti.

After slow walking, you're going to learn how to drink water --

Nakon toga naučit ćete piti vodu.

very simple, drinking water for maybe half an hour.

Jednostavno vodu pijete nekih pola sata.

After this, you're going to the magnet chamber,

Zatim odlazite u magnetne odaje

where you're going to create some magnet streams on your body.

gdje stvarate magnetske tokove po svom tijelu.

Then after this, you go to crystal chamber.

Zatim slijede kristalne odaje,

After crystal chamber, you go to eye-gazing chamber,

a nakon njih odaje razmjenjivanja pogleda

after eye-gazing chamber, you go to a chamber where you are lying down.

nakon čega slijede odaje za ležanje.

So it's the three basic positions of the human body,

Dakle, imamo tri osnovna položaja ljudskog tijela,

sitting, standing and lying.

sjedenje, stajanje, ležanje.

And slow walking.

I polagano koračanje.

And there is a sound chamber.

I zvučne odaje.

And then after you've seen all of this,

Nakon što sve to vidite

and prepared yourself mentally and physically,

i pripremite se mentalno i fizički,

then you are ready to see something with a long duration,

spremni ste vidjeti nešto što dugo traje,

like in immaterial art.

nešto poput nematerijalne umjetnosti.

It can be music, it can be opera, it can be a theater piece,

To može biti glazba, može biti opera, može biti kazališni komad,

it can be film, it can be video dance.

film ili snimka plesa.

You go to the long duration chairs because now you are comfortable.

Sjednete u stolce u kojima ćete biti dugo jer vam je konačno ugodno.

In the long duration chairs,

U njima se transportirate

you're transported to the big place where you're going to see the work.

u veliko mjesto na kojem ćete gledati taj komad.

And if you fall asleep,

A ako zaspete,

which is very possible because it's been a long day,

što je lako moguće jer je dan bio dug,

you're going to be transported to the parking lot.

transportirat ćemo vas na parkiralište.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

And you know, sleeping is very important.

Znate da je san važan.

In sleeping, you're still receiving art.

I u snu primate umjetnost.

So in the parking lot you stay for a certain amount of time,

Na parkiralištu ostanete neko vrijeme,

and then after this you just, you know, go back,

a nakon toga se vraćate,

you see more of the things you like to see

gledate više onoga što vam se sviđa

or go home with your certificate.

ili se vraćate kući sa svojim priznanjem.

So this institute right now is virtual.

Institut je trenutno virutalan.

Right now, I am just making my institute in Brazil,

Trenutno će postojati samo u Brazilu,

then it's going to be in Australia,

ali kasnije će biti i u Australiji,

then it's coming here, to Canada and everywhere.

a onda dolazi i ovdje: u Kanadu i posvuda

And this is to experience a kind of simple method,

kako biste mogli iskusiti ovu pomalo jednostavnu metodu,

how you go back to simplicity in your own life.

kako biste svom životu povratili jednostavnost.

Counting rice will be another thing.

Druga metoda bit će brojanje zrna riže.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

You know, if you count rice you can make life, too.

Znate, brojeći zrna riže također možete živjeti.

How to count rice for six hours?

Kako brojati zrna riže šest sati?

It's incredibly important.

Iznimno je važno.

You know, you go through this whole range of being bored, being angry,

Znate, prođete raspon osjećaja od dosade, ljutnje,

being completely frustrated, not finishing the amount of rice you're counting.

potpune frustriranosti, nemogućnosti dovršavanja brojanja zrna riže

And then this unbelievable amount of peace you get

do nevjerojatnog osjećaja mira koji dobijete

when satisfying work is finished --

kad završite sa zadovoljavajućim poslom --

or counting sand in the desert.

ili brojanje zrna pijeska u pustinji.

Or having the sound-isolated situation --

Ili bivanja u zvučnoj izolaciji --

that you have headphones, that you don't hear anything,

nosite slušalice, ništa ne čujete

and you're just there together without sound,

i samo ste tamo bez ijednog zvuka

with the people experiencing silence, just the simple silence.

s ljudima koji doživljavaju tišinu, jednostavnu tišinu.

We are always doing things we like in our life.

Tijekom života uvijek radimo ono što nam se sviđa

And this is why you're not changing.

i zbog toga se ne mijenjamo.

You do things in life --

Radite te stvari --

it's just nothing happens if you always do things the same way.

a ništa se ne mijenja ako uvijek radite sve po starom.

But my method is to do things I'm afraid of, the things I fear,

Moja metoda temelji se na tome da radim stvari kojih se bojim,

the things I don't know,

nepoznate stvari,

to go to territory that nobody's ever been.

idem tamo gdje nitko prije mene nije kročio.

And then also to include the failure.

I kako bih uključila i neuspjeh.

I think failure is important

Mislim da je neuspjeh važan

because if you go, if you experiment, you can fail.

jer ako pokušate, možete doživjeti neuspjeh.

If you don't go into that area and you don't fail,

Ako ne odete tamo i ne doživite neuspjeh,

you are actually repeating yourself over and over again.

radite sve po starom.

And I think that human beings right now need a change,

Treba nam promjena, i to odmah,

and the only change to be made is a personal level change.

a jedina promjena koju možemo kontrolirati jest promjena na individualnoj razini.

You have to make the change on yourself.

Morati mijenjati sebe

Because the only way to change consciousness

jer svijest

and to change the world around us,

i svijet oko nas možemo promijeniti

is to start with yourself.

jedino počevši od sebe.

It's so easy to criticize how it's different,

Lako je kritizirati trenutno stanje u svijetu

the things in the world and they're not right,

i reći da je drugačije, i to negativnom smislu.

and the governments are corrupted and there's hunger in the world

Reći da su vlade korumpirane, u svijetu vladaju glad

and there's wars -- the killing.

i ratovi, ubijanja.

But what we do on the personal level --

No, što mi činimo na individualnoj razini?

what is our contribution to this whole thing?

Čime mi doprinosimo cjelokupnoj situaciji?

Can you turn to your neighbor, the one you don't know,

Okrenite se osobi do sebe, onoj koju ne poznajete

and look at them for two full minutes in their eyes, right now?

i gledajte ih u oči pune dvije minute. Može?

(Chatter)

(Brbljanje)

I'm asking two minutes of your time, that's so little.

Tražim samo dvije minute vašeg vremena.

Breathe slowly, don't try to blink, don't be self-conscious.

Polagano dišite, pokušajte ne treptati, nemojte se sramiti.

Be relaxed.

Opustite se

And just look a complete stranger in your eyes, in his eyes.

i gledajte potpunog stranca u oči.

(Silence)

(Tišina)

Thank you for trusting me.

Hvala vam što ste mi vjerovali.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

Chris Anderson: Thank you.

Chris Anderson: Hvala vam.

Thank you so much.

Puno vam hvala.