Why should you read "Hamlet"? - Iseult Gillespie

Prevodilac: Milenka Okuka Lektor: Ivana Krivokuća

"Who’s there?"

„Ko je tu?”

Whispered in the dark,

Prošaputano u tami,

this question begins a tale of conspiracy, deception and moral ambiguity.

pitanje kojim započinje priča o zaveri, obmani i moralnoj neodređenosti.

And in a play where everyone has something to hide,

A u drami u kojoj svako ima neku tajnu,

its answer is far from simple.

odgovor nije nimalo lak.

Written by William Shakespeare between 1599 and 1601,

Delo Vilijama Šekspira nastalo između 1599. i 1601. godine,

"Hamlet" depicts its titular character haunted by the past,

„Hamlet” prikazuje naslovnog lika koga proganja prošlost,

but immobilized by the future.

a parališe budućnost.

Mere months after the sudden death of his father,

Svega nekoliko meseci pred očevu naglu smrt,

Hamlet returns from school a stranger to his own home,

Hamlet se vraća iz škole kao stranac u sopstvenom domu

and deeply unsure of what might be lurking in the shadows.

i duboko nesiguran u to šta bi moglo da vreba iz senki.

But his brooding takes a turn

No, njegova potištenost se preobraća

when he’s visited by a ghost that bears his father’s face.

kada ga poseti duh sa likom njegovog oca.

The phantom claims to be the victim of a “murder most foul,”

Prikaza tvrdi da je žrtva „najsramnijeg ubistva”,

and convinces Hamlet that his uncle Claudius usurped the throne

i ubeđuje Hamleta da je njegov ujak Klaudije prigrabio presto

and stole queen Gertrude’s heart.

i ukrao srce kraljice Gertrude.

The prince’s mourning turns to rage,

Prinčeva žalost se preobraća u bes

and he begins to plots his revenge

i on počinje da kuje osvetu

on the new king and his court of conspirators.

protiv novog kralja i njegovih dvorana zaverenika.

The play is an odd sort of tragedy,

Ova drama je neobičan tip tragedije

lacking either the abrupt brutality or all-consuming romance

kojoj nedostaju iznenadna svirepost ili sveobuhvatna romansa

that characterize Shakespeare’s other work in the genre.

koje karakterišu Šekspirova druga dela istog žanra.

Instead it plumbs the depths of its protagonist’s indecisiveness,

Umesto toga zaranja u dubine neodlučnosti glavnog lika

and the tragic consequences thereof.

i tragične posledice takvog postupanja.

The ghost’s revelation draws Hamlet into multiple dilemmas–

Duhovo otkrovenje uvlači Hamleta u višestruke dileme -

what should he do, who can he trust,

šta da radi, kome može da veruje

and what role might he play in the course of justice?

i kakvu ulogu bi mogao da igra u isterivanju pravde?

These questions are complicated by a tangled web of characters,

Ova pitanja su usložena zamršenom mrežom likova

forcing Hamlet to negotiate friends, family,

koji teraju Hamleta da pregovara sa prijateljima, porodicom,

court counselors, and love interests–

dvorskim savetnicima i simpatijama -

many of whom possess ulterior motives.

od kojih mnogi imaju prikrivene motive.

The prince constantly delays and dithers over how to relate to others,

Princ stalno odlaže i okleva kako da se drži pred drugima

and how he should carry out revenge.

i kako da izvede osvetu.

This can make Hamlet more than a little exasperating,

Zbog ovoga Hamlet može da deluje prilično iritantno,

but it also makes him one of the most human characters Shakespeare ever created.

ali upravo zato je jedan od najčovečnijih likova koje je Šekspir stvorio.

Rather than rushing into things,

Umesto da ishitreno deluje,

Hamlet becomes consumed with the awful machinations of thinking itself.

Hamlet postaje opterećen zamršenim užasima samog razmišljanja.

And over the course of the play,

I tokom drame,

his endless questions come to echo throughout our own racing minds.

njegova beskrajna pitanja počinju da odjekuju našim lutajućim umovima.

To accomplish this,

Kako bi ovo postigao,

Shakespeare employs his most introspective language.

Šekspir koristi svoj najintrospektivniji jezik.

From the usurping king’s blazing contemplation of heaven and hell,

Od kontemplacija o raju i paklu uzurpatorskog kralja,

to the prince’s own cackling meditation on mortality,

do prinčeve sopstvene gugutave meditacije o smrtnosti,

Shakespeare uses melancholic monologues to breathtaking effect.

Šekspir koristi melanholične monologe da bi nas ostavio bez daha.

This is perhaps best exemplified in Hamlet’s most famous declaration of angst:

Možda je najbolji primer ovoga Hamletov čuveni proglas o nespokoju:

"To be or not to be—that is the question:

„Biti il' ne biti - to sad se pita:

Whether ’tis nobler in the mind to suffer

da li je većma dostojno u duši

The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,

praćke i strele sudbe nasilničke trpeti,

Or to take arms against a sea of troubles

ili dići oružje protivu mora muka,

And, by opposing, end them."

pa se njima suprotstaviti i okončati ih.”

This monologue personifies Hamlet’s existential dilemma:

Ovaj monolog oslikava Hamletovu egzsitencijalnu dilemu:

being torn between thought and action,

rastrzanost između razmišljanja i delanja,

unable to choose between life and death.

nesposobnost da odluči između života i smrti.

But his endless questioning raises yet another anxiety:

Međutim, njegova beskrajna propitivanja povlače dodatni nespokoj:

is Hamlet’s madness part of a performance to confuse his enemies,

da li je Hamletovo ludilo samo predstava da se zbune neprijatelji

or are we watching a character on the brink of insanity?

ili posmatramo lika na ivici ludila?

These questions weigh heavily on Hamlet’s interactions with every character.

Ova pitanja uveliko opterećuju Hamletove interakcije sa svim likovima.

And since he spends much of the play facing inward,

A kako provodi veći deo drame zagledan u sebe,

he often fails to see the destruction left in his wake.

često ne uspeva da vidi sopstvenu destruktivnost.

He’s particularly cruel to Ophelia,

Naročito je okrutan prema Ofeliji,

his doomed love interest who is brought to madness by the prince’s erratic behavior.

njegovoj ukletoj simpatiji koja ludi zbog prinčevog nestalnog ponašanja.

Her fate is one example of how tragedy could have been easily avoided,

Njena sudbina je primer kako je tragedija mogla lako da se izbegne

and shows the ripple effect of Hamlet’s toxic mind games.

i pokazuje efekat domina zbog Hamletovih zaraznih mentalnih igara.

Similar warning signs of tragedy are constantly overlooked throughout the play.

Slični nagoveštaji tragedije se stalno zanemaruju tokom drame.

Sometimes, these oversights occur because of willful blindness–

Ponekad se ovi previdi dešavaju zbog svesnog negiranja -

such as when Ophelia’s father dismisses Hamlet’s alarming actions

kao kada Ofelijin otac odbaci Hamletove zabrinjavajuće postupke

as mere lovesickness.

kao puki ljubavni bol.

At other points, tragedy stems from deliberate duplicity–

Na drugim mestima, tragedija izrasta iz namernog udvajanja -

as when a case of mistaken identity leads to yet more bloodshed.

kao u sličaju zamene identiteta koja vodi do dodatnog krvoprolića.

These moments leave us with the uncomfortable knowledge

Zbog ovih trenutaka nam ostaje neprijatno saznanje

that tragedy evolves from human error–

da se tragedija razvija iz ljudske greške -

even if our mistake is to leave things undecided.

čak i kada je greška u tome što smo stvari ostavili neraščišćenim.

For all these reasons, perhaps the one thing we never doubt is Hamlet’s humanity.

Zbog svega ovoga, možda je jedino u šta nikad ne sumnjamo Hamletova ljudskost.

But we must constantly grapple with who the “real” Hamlet might be.

Međutim, stalno nas razdire pitanje ko je zaista Hamlet.

Is he a noble son avenging his father?

Da li je on plemeniti sin koji sveti oca?

Or a mad prince creating courtly chaos?

Ili ludi princ koji stvara haos na dvoru?

Should he act or observe, doubt or trust?

Da li bi trebalo da dela ili razmišlja, sumnja ili veruje?

Who is he? Why is he here?

Ko je on? Zašto je tu?

And who’s out there– waiting in the dark?

I ko je tu - ko to čeka u mraku?