Why should you read "Hamlet"? - Iseult Gillespie

Prevoditelj: Iva Vukalović Recezent: Sanda Liker

"Who’s there?"

"Tko ide?"

Whispered in the dark,

Prošaptano u mraku,

this question begins a tale of conspiracy, deception and moral ambiguity.

ovo pitanje započinje priču o uroti, prevari i moralnoj dvosmislenosti.

And in a play where everyone has something to hide,

A u drami u kojoj svi imaju nešto za skriti,

its answer is far from simple.

njegov je odgovor daleko od jednostavnog.

Written by William Shakespeare between 1599 and 1601,

Napisan od strane Williama Shakespearea između 1599. i 1601. godine,

"Hamlet" depicts its titular character haunted by the past,

"Hamlet" prikazuje svog naslovnog lika progonjenog prošlošću,

but immobilized by the future.

no onesposobljenog budućnošću.

Mere months after the sudden death of his father,

Tek nekoliko mjeseci nakon iznenadne smrt njegova oca,

Hamlet returns from school a stranger to his own home,

Hamlet se iz škole vraća kao stranac u svom domu

and deeply unsure of what might be lurking in the shadows.

te duboko nesiguran u ono što bi moglo vrebati u sjenama.

But his brooding takes a turn

Ali njegova premišljanja

when he’s visited by a ghost that bears his father’s face.

se mijenjaju posjetom duha koji nosi lice njegova oca.

The phantom claims to be the victim of a “murder most foul,”

Fantom tvrdi da je žrtva "bezdušnog umorstva",

and convinces Hamlet that his uncle Claudius usurped the throne

pa uvjeri Hamleta da je njegov ujak Klaudije uzurpirao tron

and stole queen Gertrude’s heart.

i ukrao srce kraljice Gertrude.

The prince’s mourning turns to rage,

Prinčevo tugovanje se pretvara u bijes

and he begins to plots his revenge

i on počinje planirati svoju osvetu

on the new king and his court of conspirators.

novom kralju i njegovom dvoru urotnika.

The play is an odd sort of tragedy,

Drama je čudna vrsta tragedije

lacking either the abrupt brutality or all-consuming romance

kojoj nedostaje ili nagla brutalnost ili sveobuhvatna romansa

that characterize Shakespeare’s other work in the genre.

koje karakteriziraju Shakespeareova ostala djela u tom žanru.

Instead it plumbs the depths of its protagonist’s indecisiveness,

Umjesto toga prodire u dubine neodlučnosti svoga glavnog lika

and the tragic consequences thereof.

i tragičnih posljedica koje iz nje proizlaze.

The ghost’s revelation draws Hamlet into multiple dilemmas–

Duhovo otkrivljenje uvlači Hamleta u brojne dileme -

what should he do, who can he trust,

što bi trebao učiniti, kome može vjerovati

and what role might he play in the course of justice?

i koju ulogu bi trebao odigrati u borbi za pravdu?

These questions are complicated by a tangled web of characters,

Ova su pitanja otežana zapetljanom mrežom likova,

forcing Hamlet to negotiate friends, family,

prisiljavajući Hamleta da žonglira prijatelje, obitelj,

court counselors, and love interests–

dvorske savjetnike i ljubavne interese -

many of whom possess ulterior motives.

od kojih mnogi imaju skrivene motive.

The prince constantly delays and dithers over how to relate to others,

Princ neprestano odgađa i uznemiruje se oko toga kako se poistovjetiti s drugima

and how he should carry out revenge.

te kako provesti osvetu.

This can make Hamlet more than a little exasperating,

Ovo može činiti Hamleta više nego malo iritantnim,

but it also makes him one of the most human characters Shakespeare ever created.

ali stvara ga i jednim od najljudskijih likova koje je Shakespeare ikad napisao.

Rather than rushing into things,

Umjesto da srlja u stvari,

Hamlet becomes consumed with the awful machinations of thinking itself.

Hamlet postaje zaokupljen groznim spletkarenjem samog promišljanja.

And over the course of the play,

Pa kroz tijek drame

his endless questions come to echo throughout our own racing minds.

njegova beskrajna pitanja odzvanjaju našim vlastitim umovima.

To accomplish this,

Da ovo postigne,

Shakespeare employs his most introspective language.

Shakespeare koristi svoj najintrospektivniji jezik.

From the usurping king’s blazing contemplation of heaven and hell,

Od plamtećeg razmišljanja uzurpirajućeg kralja o raju i paklu,

to the prince’s own cackling meditation on mortality,

do prinčeve meditacije o smrtnosti,

Shakespeare uses melancholic monologues to breathtaking effect.

Shakespeare koristi melankolične monologe koji oduzimaju dah.

This is perhaps best exemplified in Hamlet’s most famous declaration of angst:

Vjerojatno najbolji primjer ovoga jest Hamletov najpoznatiji izraz tjeskobe:

"To be or not to be—that is the question:

"Biti ili ne biti - to je pitanje:

Whether ’tis nobler in the mind to suffer

Je l' dičnije sve strelice i metke

The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,

Silovite sudbine u srcu

Or to take arms against a sea of troubles

Podnositi il zgrabit oružje,

And, by opposing, end them."

Oduprijet se i moru jada kraj"

This monologue personifies Hamlet’s existential dilemma:

Ovaj monolog personificira Hamletovu egzistencijalnu dilemu:

being torn between thought and action,

biti rastrgan između misli i djela,

unable to choose between life and death.

nemoćan izabrati između života i smrti.

But his endless questioning raises yet another anxiety:

No njegovo beskrajno propitkivanje dovodi do još jedne nelagode:

is Hamlet’s madness part of a performance to confuse his enemies,

je li Hamletova mahnitost dio nastupa da zbuni svoje neprijatelje,

or are we watching a character on the brink of insanity?

ili mi gledamo lika na rubu ludila?

These questions weigh heavily on Hamlet’s interactions with every character.

Ova pitanja jako opterećuju Hamletove interakcije sa svim likovima.

And since he spends much of the play facing inward,

A budući da on provodi većinu drame gledajući unutra,

he often fails to see the destruction left in his wake.

često ne vidi uništenje ostavljeno za njim.

He’s particularly cruel to Ophelia,

Specifično je okrutan prema Ofeliji,

his doomed love interest who is brought to madness by the prince’s erratic behavior.

njegovom propalom ljubavnom interesu, koja je dovedena do ludila prinčevim ponašanjem.

Her fate is one example of how tragedy could have been easily avoided,

Njegova je sudbina primjer tragedije koja je mogla biti lako izbjegnuta

and shows the ripple effect of Hamlet’s toxic mind games.

te pokazuje posljedice Hamletovih toksičnih misaonih igri.

Similar warning signs of tragedy are constantly overlooked throughout the play.

Slična upozorenja tragedije konstantno su previdjeta tijekom drame.

Sometimes, these oversights occur because of willful blindness–

Ponekad, ovi se previdi dogode zbog svojevoljne sljepoće -

such as when Ophelia’s father dismisses Hamlet’s alarming actions

kao kad Ofelijin otac odbaci Hamletove uznemiravajuće radnje

as mere lovesickness.

poput puke ljubavne bolesti.

At other points, tragedy stems from deliberate duplicity–

U drugim trenucima, tragedija proizlazi iz namjerne dvoličnosti -

as when a case of mistaken identity leads to yet more bloodshed.

kao kad slučaj zamijenjenog identiteta dovodi do još krvoprolića.

These moments leave us with the uncomfortable knowledge

Ovi trenuci ostavljaju nas s neugodnim znanjem

that tragedy evolves from human error–

da se tragedija razvija iz ljudskih pogrešaka -

even if our mistake is to leave things undecided.

čak i ako je naša pogreška da ostavimo stvari neodlučene.

For all these reasons, perhaps the one thing we never doubt is Hamlet’s humanity.

Zbog ovih razloga, možda jedina stvar u koju nikada ne sumnjamo je Hamletova ljudskost.

But we must constantly grapple with who the “real” Hamlet might be.

No moramo se stalno hrvati s pitanjem tko bi mogao biti "stvarni" Hamlet.

Is he a noble son avenging his father?

Je li on plemeniti sin koji osvećuje svog oca?

Or a mad prince creating courtly chaos?

Ili ludi kraljević koji stvara dvorski kaos?

Should he act or observe, doubt or trust?

Bi li trebao raditi ili promatrati, sumnjati ili vjerovati?

Who is he? Why is he here?

Tko je on? Zašto je ovdje?

And who’s out there– waiting in the dark?

I tko je tamo vani - tko čeka u mraku?