Why Can't We See Evidence of Alien Life?

Zašto ne vidimo dokaze vanzemaljskog života? - Kris Anderson

Prevodilac: Miloš Milosavljević Lektor: Tatjana Jevdjic

(Muzika)

Negde tamo u ogromnom svemiru

Somewhere out there in that vast universe,

there must surely be countless other planets teeming with life,

sigurno postoji bezbroj drugih planeta koje vrve od života,

but why don't we see any evidence of it?

ali zašto ne vidimo nikakve dokaze toga?

Well, this is the famous question asked by Enrico Fermi in 1950:

Ovo je čuveno pitanje koje je postavio Enriko Fermi 1950:

"Where is everybody?"

"Gde su svi oni?"

Conspiracy theorists claim that UFOs are visiting all the time

Teoretičari zavere tvrde da nas NLO-ovi stalno posećuju,

and the reports are just being covered up,

samo se izveštaji prikrivaju,

but honestly, they aren't very convincing.

ali iskreno, nisu baš ubedljivi.

But that leaves a real riddle.

Ali to ostaje prava zagonetka.

In the past year, the Kepler space observatory

Prošle godine Keplerova svemirska opservatorija je otkrila

has found hundreds of planets just around nearby stars,

stotine planeta oko obližnjih zvezda

i ako uzmete u obzir taj podatak,

and if you extrapolate that data,

it looks like there could be half a trillion planets

izgleda da bi moglo biti pola biliona planeta

just in our own galaxy.

samo u našoj galaksiji.

If any one in 10,000 has conditions that might support a form of life,

Ako jedna u 10.000 ima uslove

koji mogu da podrže neki oblik života, to je i dalje

that's still 50 million possible life-harboring planets

50 miliona planeta sa mogućim životom

right here in the Milky Way.

baš ovde u Mlečnom putu.

I evo zagonetke.

So here's the riddle.

Our Earth didn't form

Naša Zemlja nije nastala sve do 9 milijardi godina posle Velikog praska.

until about 9 billion years after the Big Bang.

Nebrojene druge planete u našoj galaksiji

Countless other planets in our galaxy should have formed earlier

trebalo bi da su nastale ranije i dale šansu životu da se razvija

and given life a chance to get underway

milijardama ili sigurno barem milionima godina

billions or certainly many millions of years

earlier than happened on Earth.

pre nego što je nastao na Zemlji.

If just a few of them had spawned intelligent life

Da je samo nekoliko njih izrodilo inteligentni život

and started creating technologies,

i počelo da stvara tehnologije,

those technologies would have had millions of years

te tehnologije bi imale milione godina na raspolaganju

to grow in complexity and power.

da razvijaju svoju složenost i moć.

On Earth,

Na Zemlji smo videli

we've seen how dramatically technology can accelerate

kako dramatično

tehnologija može da se ubrza za samo 100 godina.

in just 100 years.

Za milione godina, inteligentna vanzemaljska civilizacija

In millions of years, an intelligent alien civilization

could easily have spread out across the galaxy,

je mogla lako da se raširi po celoj galaksiji,

perhaps creating giant energy-harvesting artifacts,

možda stvarajući džinovske artefakte za skupljanje energije

or fleets of colonizing spaceships,

ili flote svemirskih brodova za kolonizaciju

or glorious works of art that fill the night sky.

ili veličanstvena umetnička dela koja ispunjavaju noćno nebo.

At the very least, you'd think they'd be revealing their presence,

Na kraju krajeva, pomislili biste da bi otkrili svoje prisustvo,

deliberately or otherwise,

namerno ili ne,

pomoću neke vrste elektromagnetnih signala.

through electromagnetic signals of one kind or another.

And yet we see no convincing evidence of any of it.

Pa ipak ne vidimo nikakav ubedljiv dokaz o tome

Why?

Zašto?

Well, there are numerous possible answers,

Pa, postoje brojni mogući odgovori,

some of them quite dark.

neki od njih prilično mračni.

Maybe a single, superintelligent civilization

Možda je jedna, super inteligentna civilizacija

zauzela galaksiju

has indeed taken over the galaxy,

and has imposed strict radio silence

i zavela strogu tišinu radio talasa

because it's paranoid of any potential competitors.

jer se plaši svake moguće konkurencije

It's just sitting there ready to obliterate

i samo sedi i čeka da uništi

anything that becomes a threat.

sve što postane pretnja.

Or maybe they're not that intelligent.

Ili možda nisu tako inteligentni

Or perhaps, the evolution of an intelligence

ili je možda evolucija inteligencije

capable of creating sophisticated technology

sposobne da stvori sofisticiranu tehnologiju

is far rarer than we've assumed.

mnogo ređa nego što pretpostavljamo.

After all,

Ipak, desila se samo jednom na Zemlji za 4 milijarde godina.

it's only happened once on Earth

in 4 billion years.

Maybe even that was incredibly lucky.

Možda je to čak bila neverovatna sreća.

Maybe we are the first such civilization in our galaxy.

Možda smo mi prva takva civilizacija u našoj galaksiji.

Or, perhaps, civilization carries with it

Ili možda civilizacija nosi sa sobom

the seeds of its own destruction

seme svog sopstvenog uništenja

through the inability to control the technologies it creates.

u nemogućnosti da kontroliše tehnologije koje stvara.

But there are numerous more hopeful answers.

Ali postoje još brojni mogući odgovori.

For a start, we're not looking that hard,

Za početak, ne tražimo toliko uporno i trošimo ništavne sume novca na to.

and we're spending a pitiful amount of money on it.

Samo delić zvezda u našoj galaksiji

Only a tiny fraction of the stars in our galaxy

have really been looked at closely for signs of interesting signals.

je bliže ispitan u potrazi za intresantnim signalima.

And perhaps, we're not looking the right way.

I možda ne gledamo u dobrom pravcu.

Maybe as civilizations develop,

Možda, kako se civilizacije razviju

they quickly discover communication technologies

one brzo otkrivaju komunikacione tehnologije

far more sophisticated and useful than electromagnetic waves.

koje su mnogo sofisticiranije i korisnije od elektromagnetnih talasa.

Maybe all the action takes place

Možda se sva aktivnost odvija

inside the mysterious recently discovered dark matter,

unutar nedavno otkrivene misteriozne tamne materije

or dark energy,

ili tamne energije, koja izgleda da sadrži najveći deo mase svemira.

that appear to account for most of the universe's mass.

Or maybe we're looking at the wrong scale.

Ili možda tražimo u pogrešnoj razmeri.

Možda su inteligentne civilizacije shvatile

Perhaps intelligent civilizations come to realize

that life is ultimately just complex patterns of information

da život, na kraju, čine samo složene šeme informacija

interacting with each other in a beautiful way,

koje su u interakciji jedna sa drugom na prelep način

and that can happen more efficiently at a small scale.

i to može da se odvija efikasnije u maloj razmeri.

So just as on Earth, clunky stereo systems have shrunk to beautiful, tiny iPods,

I prema tome, kao što su se na Zemlji veliki stereo uređaji

smanjili u lepe, male ajpode, možda se inteligentni život,

maybe intelligent life itself,

da bi smanjio prostor koji zauzima u okruženju,

in order to reduce its footprint on the environment,

has turned itself microscopic,

smanjio u mikroskopske razmere,

so the Solar System might be teeming with aliens,

tako da Sunčev sistem možda vrvi od vanzemaljaca,

and we're just not noticing them.

ali ih prosto ne primećujemo.

Maybe the very ideas in our heads are a form of alien life.

Možda su same ideje u našim glavama oblik vanzemaljskog života.

Well, okay, that's a crazy thought.

Okej, to je luda pomisao.

The aliens made me say it.

Vanzemaljci su me naterali da je kažem.

But it is cool that ideas do seem to have a life all of their own,

Ali super je što ideje izgleda da imaju svoj sopstveni život

and that they outlive their creators.

i da nadživljavaju svoje tvorce.

Možda je biološki život samo prolazna faza.

Maybe biological life is just a passing phase.

Well, within the next 15 years,

U sledećih 15 godina

we could start seeing real spectroscopic information

mogli bismo početi da dobijamo prave spektroskopske informacije

from promising nearby planets

sa obližnjih planeta koje će otkriti koliko su one spremne da prime život.

that will reveal just how life-friendly they might be.

I u međuvremenu SETI, agencija za traženje vanzemaljskih inteligencija,

And meanwhile SETI,

the Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence,

is now releasing its data to the public

objavljuje svoje podatke javnosti

so that millions of citizen scientists, maybe including you,

tako da milioni građana naučnika, možda uključujući i vas,

can bring the power of the crowd to join the search.

mogu da uključe moć gomile u potragu.

Ovde na Zemlji su uradili neverovatne eksperimente

And here on Earth, amazing experiments are being done

u pokušaju da stvore život od nule,

to try to create life from scratch,

life that might be very different from the DNA forms we know.

život koji je vrlo različit od DNK oblika koje znamo.

All of this will help us understand

Sve ovo će nam pomoći da razumemo

whether the universe is teeming with life

da li svemir vrvi od života

or, whether indeed,

ili smo tu samo mi.

it's just us.

Either answer, in its own way,

Bilo koji odgovor, na svoj način

is awe-inspiring,

izaziva strahopoštovanje,

because even if we are alone,

jer čak i ako smo sami,

the fact that we think and dream,

činjenica da mislimo i sanjamo i postavljamo ova pitanja,

and ask these questions

može se ispostaviti kao jedna od najvažnijih činjenica o svemiru.

might yet turn out to be one of the most important facts

about the universe.

And I have one more piece of good news for you.

I imam još jednu dobru vest za vas.

The quest for knowledge and understanding never gets dull.

Potraga za znanjem i razumevanjem nikada ne dosadi.

It doesn't. It's actually the opposite.

Ne. U stvari je suprotno. Što više znate,

The more you know,

the more amazing the world seems.

to neverovatnije svet izgleda.

And it's the crazy possibilities, the unanswered questions,

Lude mogućnosti i neodgovorena pitanja su ono

that pull us forward.

što nas gura napred.

So, stay curious.

Zato ostanite radoznali.