Malte Spitz: Your phone company is watching

141,556 views ・ 2012-07-24

TED


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00:00
Translator: Morton Bast Reviewer: Thu-Huong Ha
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譯者: Wenjer Leuschel 審譯者: Chen-Han Hsiao
00:16
Hi. This is my mobile phone.
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嗨!這是我的行動手機。
00:23
A mobile phone can change your life,
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行動手機可以改變你的生命,
00:31
and a mobile phone gives you individual freedom.
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讓你得到個人的自由。
00:40
With a mobile phone,
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利用行動手機,
00:42
you can shoot a crime against humanity in Syria.
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你可以在敘利亞拍下違反人道的行為。
00:47
With a mobile phone,
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利用行動手機,
00:49
you can tweet a message
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你可以推出一則信息,
00:51
and start a protest in Egypt.
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在埃及發起抗議。
00:57
And with a mobile phone,
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另外,利用行動手機,
00:59
you can record a song, load it up to
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你可以錄製一首歌,把它傳送到
01:02
SoundCloud and become famous.
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SoundCloud並因此出了名。
01:05
All this is possible with your mobile phone.
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這些事都可以利用行動手機來做。
01:09
I'm a child of 1984,
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我1984出生,
01:11
and I live in the city of Berlin.
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我住在柏林。
01:15
Let's go back to that time, to this city.
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讓我們回到那個時間、那個城市。
01:20
Here you can see
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這裡可以看到
01:22
how hundreds of thousands of people
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幾十萬人
01:24
stood up and protested for change.
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站出來抗議,要求改變。
01:28
This is autumn 1989,
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事情發生在1989年秋天,
01:31
and imagine that all those people standing up
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想像一下,如果那些站出來抗議、
01:36
and protesting for change had a
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要求改變的人,人人的口袋裡
01:39
mobile phone in their pocket.
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都有一支行動手機。
01:42
Who in the room has a mobile phone with you?
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這講堂裡有誰帶著手機的?
01:44
Hold it up.
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把它舉起來。
01:45
Hold your phones up, hold your phones up!
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把你的手機舉起來!把你的手機舉起來!
01:48
Hold it up. An Android, a Blackberry, wow.
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把它舉起來。Android手機、黑莓機,哇!
01:51
That's a lot. Almost everybody today has a mobile phone.
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什麼都有耶。今天幾乎人人都有手機。
01:57
But today I will talk about me and my mobile phone,
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不過,我今天要談的是我和我的行動手機,
02:01
and how it changed my life.
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以及它如何改變我的生命。
02:05
And I will talk about this.
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然後我要深入談這個事情。
02:09
These are 35,830 lines of information.
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這裡有35,830行的資訊。
02:14
Raw data.
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未經處理的資料。
02:16
And why are these informations there?
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為什麼有這些資訊呢?
02:21
Because in the summer of 2006,
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因為2006年夏天
02:24
the E.U. Commission tabled a directive.
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歐盟執委會頒布了一項法令。
02:28
This directive [is] called Data Retention Directive.
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該項法令稱為"資料保存法"。
02:32
This directive says that each phone company in Europe,
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該項法令說,歐洲的每一家電話公司、
02:37
each Internet service company all over Europe,
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整個歐洲的每一家網際網路服務商,
02:41
has to store a wide range of information about the users.
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都要廣泛地儲存使用者的資訊。
02:46
Who calls whom? Who sends whom an email?
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誰打電話、誰傳送了電子郵件給誰?
02:49
Who sends whom a text message?
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誰傳送了簡訊給誰?
02:52
And if you use your mobile phone, where you are.
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還有,你使用手機時,人在哪裡。
02:56
All this information is stored for at least six months,
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這些資訊至少儲存六個月,
03:00
up to two years by your phone company
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你的電話公司或網際網路服務商
03:04
or your Internet service provider.
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也可能會儲存這些資訊兩年。
03:10
And all over Europe, people stood up and said,
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結果,整個歐洲的人站起來,說:
03:13
"We don't want this."
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"我們不要這樣的東西。"
03:16
They said, we don't want this data retention.
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他們說,我們不要這種資料保存。
03:19
We want self-determination in the digital age,
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我們在數據時代要有自決權,
03:23
and we don't want that phone companies and Internet companies
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而且我們不要電話公司、網際網路公司
03:26
have to store all this information about us.
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必須儲存關於我們的資訊。
03:29
They were lawyers, journalists, priests,
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律師、新聞從業人員、神職人員,
03:32
they all said: "We don't want this."
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大家都說:"我們不要這樣的東西。"
03:35
And here you can see, like 10 thousands of people
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這裡大家看到的就像是幾萬人
03:38
went out on the streets of Berlin and said,
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走上柏林街頭呼喊:
03:41
"Freedom, not fear."
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"要自由,不要恐懼。"
03:44
And some even said, this would be Stasi 2.0.
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還有些人甚至於說,這簡直是國家安全局2.0版。
03:49
Stasi was the secret police in East Germany.
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Stasi國家安全局就是東德時期的秘密警察。
03:55
And I also ask myself, does it really work?
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我也納悶著,真的可以這樣做嗎?
03:59
Can they really store all this information about us?
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他們真的能夠儲存所有關於我們的資訊嗎?
04:02
Every time I use my mobile phone?
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能儲存我每次使用手機的資料嗎?
04:06
So I asked my phone company, Deutsche Telekom,
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因此,我問了我的電話公司-德國電訊公司,
04:10
which was at that time the largest phone company in Germany,
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當時是德國最大的電話公司-
04:14
and I asked them, please,
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我問他們,麻煩啦,
04:15
send me all the information you have stored about me.
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請把你們儲存關於我的資訊都傳送給我吧。
04:19
And I asked them once, and I asked them again,
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我問了他們一次,又問了他們另一次,
04:22
and I got no real answer. It was only blah blah answers.
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還是沒有得到真正的答案。只得到一些搪塞之詞。
04:25
But then I said, I want to have this information,
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可是我說,我要那些資訊,
04:28
because this is my life you are protocoling.
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因為你們紀錄的那些我的生命。
04:33
So I decided to start a lawsuit against them,
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因此,我決定跟他們打官司,
04:37
because I wanted to have this information.
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因為我要得到那些資訊。
04:40
But Deutsche Telekom said, no,
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不過,德國電訊公司說,不,
04:42
we will not give you this information.
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我們不會給你那些資料。
04:44
So at the end, I had a settlement with them.
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最後呢,我跟他們和解。
04:49
I'll put down the lawsuit
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只要我撤回告訴,
04:50
and they will send me all the information I ask for.
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他們就把我要的所有資訊傳送給我。
04:53
Because in the mean time,
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因為在這期間
04:54
the German Constitutional Court ruled
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德國憲法法庭做了判決,
04:57
that the implementation of this E.U. directive
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將該項歐盟法令建置到德國法系裡
05:00
into German law was unconstitutional.
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是違反德國憲法的。
05:05
So I got this ugly brown envelope
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於是我收到了這封醜陋的牛皮紙袋,
05:07
with a C.D. inside.
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裡頭有一個光碟。
05:09
And on the C.D., this was on.
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光碟上就是這些東西。
05:13
Thirty-five thousand eight hundred thirty lines of information.
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35,830行的資訊。
05:18
At first I saw it, and I said, okay,
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首先我看到了,覺得還可以,
05:20
it's a huge file. Okay.
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檔案很大。這沒問題。
05:24
But then after a while I realized,
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但是過了一陣子,我明白了
05:26
this is my life.
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這裡頭記載了我的生命。
05:29
This is six months of my life,
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這是我六個月的生命,
05:30
into this file.
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包括在這個檔案裡。
05:35
So I was a little bit skeptical, what should I do with it?
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於是,我產生了一點點懷疑,我該如何處理這件事?
05:39
Because you can see where I am,
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因為,這裡頭可以看到我在哪兒,
05:42
where I sleep at night,
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我晚上在哪兒過夜,
05:44
what I am doing.
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我做了些什麼事。
05:49
But then I said, I want to go out with this information.
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然後我說,我要把這些資訊公布出來。
05:54
I want to make them public.
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我要讓社會大眾知道這件事。
05:55
Because I want to show the people what does data retention mean.
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因為我要大家知道資料保存是怎麼回事。
06:00
So together with Zeit Online and Open Data City, I did this.
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於是與時代線上和開放資料城市聯手,我公布了這件事。
06:05
This is a visualization of six months of my life.
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這是我六個月生命的具象呈現。
06:09
You can zoom in and zoom out,
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可以隨意縮放顯示,
06:11
you can wind back and fast forward.
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可以倒帶,或是快速播放。
06:13
You can see every step I take.
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可以看到我的每一個腳步。
06:17
And you can even see
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甚至還可以看到
06:19
how I go from Frankfurt by train
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我怎麼從法蘭克福搭火車到科隆,
06:22
to Cologne, and how often I call in between.
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還看到我在旅途中多常打電話。
06:26
All this is possible with this information.
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利用那些資料就可以看到這一切。
06:31
That's a little bit scary.
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這真是有點嚇人呢。
06:37
But it is not only about me.
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但那不只是我個人的事。
06:42
It's about all of us.
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那是我們大家的事。
06:45
First, it's only like, I call my wife and she calls me,
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首先,比方說,我打電話給我太太,她打電話給我,
06:49
and we talk to each other a couple of times.
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我們互相通話幾次。
06:52
And then there are some friends calling me,
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然後,有些朋友打電話給我,
06:54
and they call each other.
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他們之間也通話。
06:56
And after a while you are calling you,
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過了一陣子,你打電話給他,
06:58
and you are calling you, and you have this great
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他打電話給她,然後就是這麼一個
07:01
communication network.
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壯觀的通訊網絡。
07:03
But you can see how your people are communicating with each other,
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不過,大家在這裡可以看到大家怎麼互相通訊,
07:08
what times they call each other, when they go to bed.
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什麼時間互相打電話,他們幾時上床睡覺。
07:11
You can see all of this.
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這裡什麼都看得見。
07:13
You can see the hubs, like who are the leaders in the group.
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這裡頭可以看出誰是樞紐,比方說,誰是群組的領導者。
07:17
If you have access to this information,
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如果你能獲得這些資訊,
07:21
you can see what your society is doing.
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你就能看到你的社會正在做些什麼。
07:24
If you have access to this information,
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如果你能獲得這些資訊,
07:27
you can control your society.
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你就能控制你的社會。
07:31
This is a blueprint for countries like China and Iran.
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這可像是中國和伊朗那種國家的好藍圖。
07:36
This is a blueprint how to survey your society,
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這是教你如何監控社會的好藍圖,
07:41
because you know who talks to whom,
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因為你知道誰跟誰談話,
07:43
who sends whom an email, all this is possible
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誰傳送給誰電子郵件,這些全都可以得知,
07:46
if you have access to this information.
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只要你得到這些資訊。
07:49
And this information is stored for at least six months
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而且這些資訊在歐洲
07:52
in Europe, up to two years.
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至少儲存六個月或長達兩年。
07:57
Like I said at the beginning,
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如同我一開頭說的,
07:58
imagine that all those people on the streets of Berlin
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想像一下,如果所有在柏林街頭上的那些人
08:02
in autumn of 1989
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1989年秋天
08:04
had a mobile phone in their pocket.
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口袋裡都有行動手機。
08:07
And the Stasi would have known who took part at this protest,
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那麼,國家安全局就會知道誰參加了抗議活動,
08:11
and if the Stasi would have known
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而且如果國家安全局知道
08:13
who are the leaders behind it,
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誰是背後的領導者,
08:17
this may never have happened.
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那件事可能永遠不會發生。
08:20
The fall of the Berlin Wall would maybe not [have been] there.
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柏林圍牆倒榻那件事恐怕就不會發生。
08:23
And in the aftermath, also not the fall of the Iron Curtain.
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而且其後的鐵幕倒榻也不會發生。
08:26
Because today, state agencies and companies
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因為,今天的國家機構和公司
08:31
want to store as much information as they can get about us,
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想要盡量儲存有關我們的資訊,
08:35
online and offline.
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不管我們上不上線。
08:37
They want to have the possibility to track our lives,
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他們用盡方法想追蹤我們的生命,
08:41
and they want to store them for all time.
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還想把那些資料永久儲存。
08:45
But self-determination and living in the digital age
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但是,自決權與數據時代的生活
08:50
is no contradiction.
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並不互相矛盾。
08:52
But you have to fight for your self-determination today.
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只是,你今天必須爭取你的自決權。
08:58
You have to fight for it every day.
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你得天天爭取你的自決權。
09:02
So, when you go home,
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那麼,在你回家之後,
09:04
tell your friends
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告訴你的朋友們:
09:06
that privacy is a value of the 21st century,
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隱私權是21世紀的一個價值,
09:10
and it's not outdated.
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這個價值還沒有過時。
09:13
When you go home, tell your representative
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你回去之後,告訴你的民意代表,
09:17
only because companies and state agencies have the possibility
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並非公司和國家機構有能力儲存那些資料,
09:21
to store certain information, they don't have to do it.
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他們就必須那樣做。
09:27
And if you don't believe me,
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如果你不相信我,
09:29
ask your phone company what information they store about you.
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去問問你的電話公司,他們到底儲存了些關於你的什麼。
09:37
So, in the future, every time you use your mobile phone,
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那麼,將來你每次使用行動手機時,
09:44
let it be a reminder to you
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記得提醒自己,
09:47
that you have to fight for self-determination in the digital age.
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在數據時代裡,你得爭取你的自決權。
09:50
Thank you.
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謝謝!
09:52
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
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