Jay Walker: A library of human imagination

譯者: SHU-AN WU 審譯者: Marie Wu

These rocks have been hitting our earth for about three billion years,

三十億年來,這些石頭不斷撞擊地球，

and are responsible for much of what’s gone on on our planet.

對地球造成許多影響，

This is an example of a real meteorite,

這是顆真實的隕石樣本，

and you can see all the melting of the iron

你可以看到上面融化的鐵，

from the speed and the heat when a meteorite hits the earth,

這是流星撞擊地球時,由速度與高熱所造成的，

and just how much of it survives and melts.

你也可以看到它殘存的部位。

From a meteorite from space,

這是太空來的隕石，

we’re over here with an original Sputnik.

這裡則有顆人造衛星。

This is one of the seven surviving Sputniks that was not launched into space.

這是未發射至太空的七顆人造衛星之一，

This is not a copy.

這不是複製品。

The space age began 50 years ago in October,

五十年前的十月,人類進入太空世代，

and that’s exactly what Sputnik looked like.

那正是人造衛星的外觀。

And it wouldn’t be fun to talk about the space age

而談到太空世代，就不能不提那個有趣的東西，

without seeing a flag that was carried

就是那些搭著阿波羅11號上過太空，

to the moon and back, on Apollo 11.

到過月球，又回到地球的旗子。

The astronauts each got to carry

每個太空人都要帶

about ten silk flags in their personal kits.

大約十面旗幟放在個人行李中，

They would bring them back and mount them.

他們把旗子帶回來裱褙，

So this has actually been carried to the moon

所以,這些旗子真的上了月球，

and back.

又回到地球。

So that’s for fun.

以上,純粹讓大家開開心。

The dawn of books is, of course, important.

書本的問世很重要,這無庸置疑；

And it wouldn’t be interesting to talk about the dawn of books

而談到書本的問世，也不能不提到這個有趣的東西－

without having a copy of a Guttenberg Bible.

古騰堡聖經。

You can see how portable and handy it was to have your own Guttenberg

你看,古騰堡聖經多麼輕薄短小，一本在手，

in 1455.

在1455年有多方便。

But what’s interesting about the Guttenberg Bible, and the dawn of this technology,

不過，古騰堡聖經和印刷術發明的有趣之處，

is not the book.

並不在書的本身。

You see, the book was not driven by reading.

你看，它並非為了閱讀而生，

In 1455, nobody could read.

因為1455年一般人並不識字，

So why did the printing press succeed?

那麼為何印刷機能獲得成功呢?

This is an original page of a Guttenberg Bible.

這是原版古騰堡聖經的其中一頁，

So you’re looking here at one of the first printed books

在你眼前的，是在550年前，

using movable type in the history of man,

世上第一批使用活字版印刷的

550 years ago.

書本之一。

We are living at the age here at the end of the book,

我們現在生存的年代已是書本的末世，

where electronic paper will undoubtedly replace it.

書本無疑將被電子書取代。

But why is this so interesting? Here’s the quick story.

這到底有什麼有趣的?我簡短介紹一下。

It turns out that in the 1450s,

經查證發現,在1450年代，

the Catholic Church needed money,

由於天主教教會需要錢，

and so they

所以他們印製..

actually hand-wrote these things called indulgences,

他們手工繪製了稱為贖罪券的東西，

which were forgiveness’s on pieces of paper.

作為上帝的一紙寬恕證明。

They traveled all around Europe

贖罪券遍布歐洲各地，

and sold by the hundreds or by the thousands.

賣了數百張、數千張，

They got you out of purgatory faster.

它們能助你迅速脫離人世的苦難。

And when the printing press was invented

而當印刷機問世，

what they found was they could print indulgences,

教會發現可以運用印刷機來印製贖罪券，

which was the equivalent of printing money.

這就等於是在印鈔票。

And so all of Western Europe started buying printing presses in 1455 --

因此，1455年起全西歐都開始買印刷機，

to print out thousands,

拿來印幾千張、

and then hundreds of thousands,

幾十萬張、

and then ultimately millions

甚至幾百萬張的

of single, small pieces of paper

單張小紙片，

that got you out of middle hell and into heaven.

讓你從煉獄上天堂。

That is why the printing press succeeded,

這就是印刷機成功的原因，

and that is why Martin Luther

這也是為什麼馬丁路德

nailed his 90 theses to the door:

要把他的九十幾張贖罪券釘在門上，

because he was complaining that the Catholic Church had gone amok

因為他要抗議天主教會根本瘋了，

in printing out indulgences and selling them

居然會印製贖罪券來賣，

in every town and village and city in all of Western Europe.

還在西歐的每個小鎮、村子和城市到處販售。

So the printing press, ladies and gentlemen,

因此呢，各位先生女士，印刷機

was driven entirely by the printing of forgivenesses

之所以普及，完全是為了印制上帝的寬恕證明，

and had nothing to do with reading.

跟閱讀毫不相干。

More tomorrow. I also have pictures coming of the library

明天再談多一點吧，我有幾張圖書館的照片，

for those of you that have asked for pictures.

要給那些說要看照片的人看看，

We’re going to have some tomorrow.

留一些明天再談吧。

(Applause)

(掌聲)

Instead of showing an object from the stage

我不打算在台上展示實體物件，

I’m going to do something special for the first time.

我想先來點新鮮的，

We are going to show, actually, what the library looks like, OK?

我讓你們先看看圖書館實際的樣子，可以嗎?

So, I am married to the most wonderful woman in the world.

看，我娶了全世界最棒的女人，

You’re going to find out why in a minute,

一分鐘後你就知道為什麼了。

because when I went to see Eileen,

因為當我見到Eileen，

this is what I said I wanted to build.

我就知道我想蓋的就是這樣的圖書館，

This is the Library of Human Imagination.

那是一座收藏了人類想像的圖書館，

The room itself is three stories tall.

室內有三層樓高，

In the glass panels are 5,000 years of human imagination

玻璃牆上展示了五千年來人類的想像發展，

that are computer controlled.

它們由電腦控制。

The room is a theatre. It changes colors.

展示廳就是劇場，會改變顏色，

And all throughout the library are different objects, different spaces.

全館到處都是琳瑯滿目的物品，也區隔出不同空間，

It’s designed like an Escher print.

設計得像Escher版畫一樣。

Here is some of the lower level of the library,

這是圖書館的下層，

where the exhibits constantly change.

展品經常更換。

You can walk through. You can touch.

你可以親身走訪，實地觸摸，

You can see exactly how many of these types of items would fit in a room.

你看，各式各樣的小玩意和這裡有多相稱。

There’s my very own Saturn V.

那是我自己的土星五號，

Everybody should have one, OK? (Laughter)

每個人都該擁有一個，是吧？

So you can see here in the lower level of the library

你可以看到圖書館的下層，

the books and the objects.

有許多的書本和物品。

In the glass panels all along is sort of the history of imagination.

人類想像的發展歷史沿著玻璃牆開展，

There is a glass bridge that you walk across

你可以穿過這座玻璃橋，

that’s suspended in space.

它懸在半空中。

So it’s a leap of imagination.

以上均來自想像的躍動。

How do we create?

而我們要如何開發想像力呢?

Part of the question that I have answered is,

我已經回答了部分的問題，

is we create by surrounding ourselves with stimuli:

那就是讓自己常常接受各種刺激，

with human achievement, with history,

包括人類的成就及歷史，

with the things that drive us and make us human --

還有那些讓人之所以為人的事物。

the passionate discovery, the bones of dinosaurs long gone,

那些充滿熱情的發現、恐龍的遠古遺骸、

the maps of space that we’ve experienced,

那些我們曾旅行過的太空地圖，

and ultimately the hallways that stimulate our mind and our imagination.

最後,那些激發我們心智與想像的殿堂。

So hopefully tomorrow I’ll show

希望明天我能拿出

one or two more objects from the stage,

更多實物在台上展示，

but for today I just wanted to say thank you

而今天，我想說聲感謝你們，

for all the people that came and talked to us about it.

感謝所有來賓及與會者，

And Eileen and I are thrilled to open our home

Eileen和我很願意敞開我們家大門，

and share it with the TED community.

和TED團隊一起分享。

(Applause)

(掌聲)

TED is all about patterns in the clouds.

TED匯集了人們各種思考模式，

It’s all about connections.

將許多舊有知識連結，

It’s all about seeing things

也提供觀看事物的新方法。

that everybody else has seen before

將人們習以為常的事物，

but thinking about them in ways that nobody has thought of them before.

以創新的觀點來看待，

And that’s really what discovery and imagination is all about.

這不正是發現和想像的真義嗎?

For example, we can look

好比，我們可以看到，

at a DNA molecule model here.

這裡有個DNA分子模型，

None of us really have ever seen one,

我們不曾親眼看過DNA分子，

but we know it exists because we’ve been taught

但經過教導，我們知道它確實存在，

to understand this molecule.

因此能認同這個模型。

But we can also look at an Enigma machine

同樣地,我們看到這台Enigma密碼機，

from the Nazis in World War II

它在二戰中為納粹所用，

that was a coding and decoding machine.

拿來編碼和解碼。

Now, you might say, what does this have to do with this?

現在你可能會問，這和那有什麼關係?

Well, this is the code for life,

你看，這是生命的密碼，

and this is a code for death.

而那是死亡的密碼。

These two molecules

這兩樣東西，

code and decode.

同樣都是在編碼和解碼。

And yet, looking at them, you would see a machine and a molecule.

雖然，你看到的是一台機器和一座模型，

But once you’ve seen them in a new way,

但若你用新的觀點來切入，

you realize that both of these things really are connected.

你就會明白，它們確實有所關聯。

And they’re connected primarily because of this here.

而兩者之所以能產生連結，主要歸功於它，

You see, this is a human brain model, OK?

看，這是人類的腦部模型，對吧?

And it’s rare, because we never really get to see a brain.

這很珍貴，因為我們不可能實際看到人腦組織，

We get to see a skull. But there it is.

我們常看到骷髏頭，但這是它裡面的內容。

All of imagination -- everything that we think,

它是我們想像的泉源，我們想的、

we feel, we sense -- comes through the human brain.

感受的、感覺到的，都在腦袋裡匯集。

And once we create new patterns in this brain,

而一旦我們在腦袋裡創造新的思考模式、

once we shape the brain in a new way,

腦袋重新塑形之後，

it never returns to its original shape.

就不會再回到原來的樣子了。

And I’ll give you a quick example.

我來簡短舉個例子。

We think about the Internet;

當我們想到網路，

we think about information that goes across the Internet.

我們想到的是在網路中穿梭的資訊，

And we never think about the hidden connection.

而我們從未想過它背後有什麼連結，

But I brought along here a lump of coal --

不過,我帶來了一塊煤炭，

right here, one lump of coal.

就在這裡，一塊煤炭，

And what does a lump of coal have to do with the Internet?

而一塊煤炭和網路有什麼關係呢?

You see, it takes the energy in one lump of coal

你看，一塊煤炭的能量，

to move one megabyte of information across the net.

能驅動一百萬位元(1M)的資訊在網路上流通。

So every time you download a file,

所以，每當你下載檔案，

each megabyte is a lump of coal.

每1M就耗費一塊煤炭的能量。

What that means is, a 200-megabyte file

那麼，一個200M的檔案又代表什麼呢?

looks like this, ladies and gentlemen. OK?

看看這個，先生女士們,懂了嗎?

So the next time you download a gigabyte,

所以下次你下載1G

or two gigabytes, it’s not for free, OK?

或2G的時候，你會知道那不是免費的，對嗎?

The connection is the energy it takes to run the web ,

能量驅動網路運作，這就是之間的關聯，

and to make everything we think possible, possible.

它讓我們所有的想像化為可能。

Thanks, Chris.

謝謝你，克李斯。

(Applause)

(掌聲)