Dave Troy: Social maps that reveal a city's intersections — and separations

翻译人员: William Choi 校对人员: Carlyle Shaw

When we think about mapping cities,

当我们给城市制作地图时，

we tend to think about roads and streets and buildings,

我们会想到道路、 街道和建筑物，

and the settlement narrative that led to their creation,

和其建造的背后故事，

or you might think about the bold vision of an urban designer,

或者会想到 城市设计师的大胆设想，

but there's other ways to think about mapping cities

但其实，制作城市地图时， 还有其他思维角度

and how they got to be made.

以及绘制方法。

Today, I want to show you a new kind of map.

今天我要给大家展示一种新的地图，

This is not a geographic map.

这并不是一种地理学上的地图。

This is a map of the relationships between people in my hometown

这是我的家乡马里兰州巴尔的摩

of Baltimore, Maryland,

人与人之间的关系图，

and what you can see here is that each dot represents a person,

你在这里看到的是  每点代表着一个人，

each line represents a relationship between those people,

而每条线代表那些人之间的关系，

and each color represents a community within the network.

而每种颜色代表网络内的社区。

Now, I'm here on the green side, down on the far right where the geeks are,

现在，我在绿色那面， 也就是‘怪才’的区域，

and TEDx also is down on the far right. (Laughter)

而 TEDx 也在最右边。（笑声）

Now, on the other side of the network,

在网络上的另一端，

you tend to have primarily African-American and Latino folks

主要为非洲裔和拉丁裔人，

who are really concerned about somewhat different things than the geeks are,

他们真正关心的东西 与怪才关心的不同，

but just to give some sense,

我解释一下，

the green part of the network we call Smalltimore,

网络的绿色部分 我们称之为Smalltimore，

for those of us that inhabit it,

居住在这个区域的人会如此称呼它，

because it seems as though we're living in a very small town.

是因为居民好像生活 在一个非常小的城镇。

We see the same people over and over again,

我们一遍又一遍看到同样的人，

but that's because we're not really exploring

那是因为我们未曾真正地探索

the full depth and breadth of the city.

城市的深度和广度。

On the other end of the network,

在网络上的另一端，

you have folks who are interested in things like hip-hop music

那里的民众对嘻哈音乐感兴趣

and they even identify with living in the DC/Maryland/Virginia area

甚至可确定为是居住在华盛顿、马 里兰或弗吉尼亚地区，

over, say, the Baltimore city designation proper.

例如巴尔的摩市的人。

But in the middle, you see that there's

但在中间，

something that connects the two communities together,

你会看到一些东西 把两个社区连接在一起，

and that's sports.

像是体育活动。

We have the Baltimore Orioles, the Baltimore Ravens football team,

我们有巴尔的摩金莺、 巴尔的摩乌鸦足球队、

Michael Phelps, the Olympian.

奥运选手迈可菲尔普斯。

Under Armour, you may have heard of, is a Baltimore company,

Under Armour是一间位于 巴尔的摩的公司，或许你听过，

and that community of sports acts as the only bridge

而各式各样运动的社区

between these two ends of the network.

成为网络两端之间的唯一桥梁。

Let's take a look at San Francisco.

让我们看看旧金山，

You see something a little bit different happening in San Francisco.

你会发现旧金山 的情况有点不同，

On the one hand, you do have the media, politics and news lobe

一方面，媒体、政治和新闻

that tends to exist in Baltimore and other cities,

普遍处于巴尔的摩 以及其他城市，

but you also have this very predominant group

但网络上方的主要占据者，

of geeks and techies that are sort of taking over the top half of the network,

是各类怪才与技师，

and there's even a group that's so distinct and clear

甚至还有一组如此鲜明和清晰的人群

that we can identify it as Twitter employees,

我们能够认出他们是Twitter的员工，

next to the geeks, in between the gamers and the geeks,

就在怪才的旁边， 游戏玩家和怪才两者之间，

at the opposite end of the hip-hop spectrum.

与嘻哈族相对的位置。

So you can see, though,

不过，大家可以看到，

that the tensions that we've heard about in San Francisco

与传闻一致，旧金山的拉锯是真的

in terms of people being concerned about gentrification

新兴技术公司带来新财富和居民

and all the new tech companies that are bringing new wealth

让土地房屋增值

and settlement into the city are real,

导致地区贵族化。

and you can actually see that documented here.

从这里的文件记录你可以看到

You can see the LGBT community

LGBT社群

is not really getting along with the geek community that well,

与怪才社群真的相处得不好，

the arts community, the music community.

还有艺术社群以及音乐社群。

And so it leads to things like this.

以至于会发生这种事：

["Evict Twitter"]

["驱逐推特"]

Somebody sent me this photo a few weeks ago,

几个星期前有人给我发了这张照片，

and it shows what is happening on the ground in San Francisco,

这反映了在旧金山正发生什么事情，

and I think you can actually try to understand that

我认为你可以实际地

through looking at a map like this.

通过这样的地图去理解。

Let's take a look at Rio de Janeiro.

让我们来看看里约热内卢。

I spent the last few weeks gathering data about Rio,

在过去的几个星期， 我收集了里约的数据，

and one of the things that stood out to me about this city

对我来说这个城市 其中一样最突出的事情，

is that everything's really kind of mixed up.

就是所有事情都真的混合起来。

It's a very heterogenous city in a way that Baltimore or San Francisco is not.

这是一个非常异端的城市， 巴尔的摩或旧金山不会这样的。

You still have the lobe of people involved

你还有人涉及到

with government, newspapers, politics, columnists.

政府、报纸、政治或专栏作家，

TEDxRio is down in the lower right, right next to bloggers and writers.

TEDxRio 位于右下角， 在博客和作家的旁边。

But then you also have this tremendous diversity of people

但你也有这样惊人的多样性的民众，

that are interested in different kinds of music.

对不同类型的音乐感到兴趣，

Even Justin Bieber fans are represented here.

甚至贾斯汀•比伯的粉丝 也在这里。

Other boy bands, country singers,

其他男子乐队、乡村歌手、

gospel music, funk and rap and stand-up comedy,

福音音乐、放克和说唱 和单口相声，

and there's even a whole section around drugs and jokes.

甚至还有一整节 是关于毒品和笑话。

How cool is that?

真的很酷吧？

And then the Flamengo football team is also represented here.

然后弗拉门戈足球队也在这里。

So you have that same kind of spread

所以你有同样伸展的

of sports and civics and the arts and music,

体育和公民，以及艺术和音乐，

but it's represented in a very different way,

但它以一个非常不同的方式代表，

and I think that maybe fits with our understanding of Rio

我认为，这也许与 我们对里约的理解相符，

as being a very multicultural, musically diverse city.

其为一个文化多元化， 音乐多元化的城市。

So we have all this data.

如此我们拥有这些数据。

It's an incredibly rich set of data that we have about cities now,

这是非常丰富的数据集， 我们现在针对城市所拥有的，

maybe even richer than any data set that we've ever had before.

甚至比我们过往拥有的 任何数据集更丰富。

So what can we do with it?

因此，我们能做些什么呢？

Well, I think the first thing that we can try to understand

嗯，我认为优先的事 是我们要尝试去了解

is that segregation is a social construct.

隔离是一种社会建构。

It's something that we choose to do, and we could choose not to do it,

这是我们可以选择做的， 或者可以选择不这样做，

and if you kind of think about it,

如果你仔细想想，

what we're doing with this data is aiming a space telescope at a city

我们正在处理的这些数据 是把一个太空望远镜对准一个城市，

and looking at it as if was a giant high school cafeteria,

看着它像是对准 一个巨大的高中食堂，

and seeing how everybody arranged themselves in a seating chart.

看看大家如何排列一个座位表，

Well maybe it's time to shake up the seating chart a little bit.

也许是时候整顿一下座位表。

The other thing that we start to realize

我们开始意识到另一件事，

is that race is a really poor proxy for diversity.

“种族划分”并不能很好地表现出多样性。

We've got people represented from all different types of races

我们由不同类型的种族代表人民，

across the entire map here --

横跨整个地图 —

only looking at race

只盯着种族

doesn't really contribute to our development of diversity.

并没有真正对我们发展 的多样性作出贡献。

So if we're trying to use diversity

因此，如果我们试图使用多样化

as a way to tackle some of our more intractable problems,

成为解决我们一些 更棘手的问题的方法，

we need to start to think about diversity in a new way.

我们需要开始 以新的方式思考多样性。

And lastly, we have the ability to create

最后，我们要有能力干预，

interventions to start to reshape our cities in a new way,

以一种新的方式重塑我们的城市，

and I believe that if we have that capability,

我相信，如果我们有能力的话，

we may even bear some responsibility to do so.

我们甚至会承担一些责任。

So what is a city?

那么什么是城市？

I think some might say that it is

我觉得有些人会说，

a geographical area or a collection of streets and buildings,

这是地理上的区域、 或街道和建筑的聚集，

but I believe that a city is the sum of the relationships

但是我相信，一个城市 是生活在那里的人

of the people that live there,

的关系总和，

and I believe that if we can start to document those relationships in a real way

我相信，如果我们能够开始 以真实的方式用文档证明这些关系，

then maybe we have a real shot

那么也许我们真的有机会

at creating those kinds of cities that we'd like to have.

创造出那些类型的城市， 且是我们要建立的。

Thank you.

谢谢大家

(Applause)

（掌声）