Wadah Khanfar: A historic moment in the Arab world

翻译人员: Lili Liang 校对人员: Xiaoqiao Xie

Ten years ago exactly,

整整十年以前，

I was in Afghanistan.

我在阿富汗。

I was covering the war in Afghanistan,

我当时在报道阿富汗战争，

and I witnessed, as a reporter for Al Jazeera,

作为卡塔尔半岛电视台的一名记者，我亲眼见证了

the amount of suffering and destruction

这样一场战争

that emerged out of a war like that.

酿成了多少苦难与破坏。

Then, two years later,

接着，两年之后，

I covered another war -- the war in Iraq.

我又报道了另一场战争－伊拉克战争。

I was placed at the center of that war

我被调到了战争的中心地带

because I was covering the war

因为我当时正从伊拉克北部

from the northern part of Iraq.

对战争进行报道。

And the war ended

战争结束了

with a regime change,

推翻了一个政权，

like the one in Afghanistan.

与阿富汗战争如出一辙。

And that regime

而那个

that we got rid of

被我们推翻的政权

was actually a dictatorship,

实际上是一个独裁政权，

an authoritarian regime,

一个专制统治，

that for decades

几十年里

created a great sense of paralysis

让整个国家内部以及民众

within the nation, within the people themselves.

感到无能为力。

However,

然而，

the change that came through foreign intervention

外国干预所带来的变革

created even worse circumstances for the people

却对那些人民造成了更坏的影响

and deepened the sense

并使那里的人民

of paralysis and inferiority

倍感

in that part of the world.

无助与自卑。

For decades,

在几十年里，

we have lived under authoritarian regimes --

我们生活在专制统治之下－

in the Arab world, in the Middle East.

在阿拉伯世界，在中东地区。

These regimes

这些政权

created something within us during this period.

这段时期内在我们内心创造了一样东西。

I'm 43 years old right now.

我现在43岁了。

For the last 40 years,

在过去的40年里，

I have seen almost the same faces

我所见过统治我们的君王与总统

for kings and presidents ruling us --

几乎都拥有一样的面孔－

old, aged, authoritarian,

苍老，独裁，

corrupt situations --

腐败－

regimes that we have seen around us.

这些就是我们经历过的政权。

And for a moment I was wondering,

有一刻，我曾好奇，

are we going to live in order to see

我们是否能够在有生之年

real change happening on the ground,

见识到这片土地上发生一次真正的变革

a change that does not come through foreign intervention,

这种变革不来自外国干预，

through the misery of occupation,

不会导致被占领的苦难

through nations invading our land

没有外国入侵我们的土地

and deepening the sense of inferiority sometimes?

我们的自卑感也不会加深

The Iraqis: yes, they got rid of Saddam Hussein,

伊拉克人说：是的，他们推翻了萨达姆. 侯赛因

but when they saw

但当他们看到

their land occupied by foreign forces

他们的土地被外国势力占领

they felt very sad,

他们感到非常悲伤

they felt that their dignity had suffered.

他们感到自己的尊严遭到了践踏

And this is why they revolted.

正因如此他们才开始起义反抗

This is why they did not accept.

正因如此他们才不愿接受

And actually other regimes, they told their citizens,

实际上，其它政权，告诉他们的人民

"Would you like to see the situation of Iraq?

“你们希望见到伊拉克的现状吗？

Would you like to see civil war, sectarian killing?

你们希望看到内战和宗派屠杀吗？

Would you like to see destruction?

你们希望看到破坏吗？

Would you like to see foreign troops on your land?"

你们希望看到外国军队进驻你们的土地吗？”

And the people thought for themselves,

而这些人民寻思

"Maybe we should live with

“也许我们应该继续

this kind of authoritarian situation that we find ourselves in,

生活在现有的政权之下

instead of having the second scenario."

而不是选择这个可能。”

That was one of the worst nightmares that we have seen.

这是我们最可怕的噩梦之一

For 10 years,

整整十年里

unfortunately we have found ourselves

很不幸地，我们一直

reporting images of destruction,

报道破坏的画面

images of killing,

宗派冲突

of sectarian conflicts,

屠杀的画面

images of violence,

一片广袤土地上

emerging from a magnificent piece of land,

不断出现暴力的画面

a region that one day was the source

这里几千年来一直是

of civilizations and art and culture

众多文明，艺术与文化的

for thousands of years.

发祥地

Now I am here to tell you

我在这里想告诉大家

that the future

我们梦想中的

that we were dreaming for

未来

has eventually arrived.

已经到来了

A new generation,

新的一代人

well-educated,

得到了良好的教育

connected,

团结在一起

inspired by universal values

被普遍的价值观所激励

and a global understanding,

并拥有全球化的视角

has created a new reality for us.

这一代人已经为我们开辟了新的现实

We have found a new way

我们找到了一种新的途径

to express our feelings

来表达我们的感情

and to express our dreams:

和梦想

these young people

这些年轻人

who have restored self-confidence

重塑了我们国家

in our nations in that part of the world,

在阿拉伯世界中的自信

who have given us

他们给了我们

new meaning for freedom

新意义下的自由

and empowered us to go down to the streets.

让我们得到了走到大街上表达意愿的权力

Nothing happened. No violence. Nothing.

什么也没发生 没有暴力 风平浪静

Just step out of your house,

只要走出你的家门

raise your voice

抬高你的嗓音

and say, "We would like to see the end of the regime."

呐喊：“我们希望这个政权下台。”

This is what happened in Tunisia.

这就在突尼斯发生了

Over a few days,

几天以前

the Tunisian regime that invested billions of dollars

突尼斯政权，它曾投入了几十亿美元

in the security agencies,

在安全机构，

billions of dollars

几十亿美元

in maintaining, trying to maintain,

花在了维护，试图维护

its prisons,

国家的监狱

collapsed, disappeared,

这个政权垮台了，

because of the voices of the public.

湮灭在了人民的呼喊声中

People who were inspired to go down to the streets

人们被激励着走上大街小巷

and to raise their voices,

大声呐喊

they tried to kill.

他们不达目的不罢休

The intelligence agencies wanted to arrest people.

情报局想要逮捕这些人

They found something called Facebook.

他们找到了叫“Facebook”的东西

They found something called Twitter.

找到了叫“推特”的东西

They were surprised by all of these kinds of issues.

他们为之而感到惊讶

And they said,

他们说：

"These kids are misled."

“这些孩子被误导了。”

Therefore, they asked their parents

于是，他们让孩子的父母

to go down to the streets

到大街上去

and collect them, bring them back home.

把他们领回家去

This is what they were telling. This is their propaganda.

这就是他们说宣扬的，这是他们的阴谋

"Bring these kids home

“把这些孩子领回家去

because they are misled."

因为他们被误导了。”

But yes,

然而，是的

these youth

这些普遍价值观

who have been inspired

所激励的

by universal values,

年轻人

who are idealistic enough

这些对辉煌的未来

to imagine a magnificent future

抱着满腔理想的年轻人

and, at the same time, realistic enough

而这些年轻人也脚踏实地

to balance this kind of imagination

在这种理想

and the process leading to it --

与理想的实践过程之间取得了平衡

not using violence,

不使用暴力

not trying to create chaos --

不制造混乱

these young people,

这些年轻人

they did not go home.

没有回家

Parents actually went to the streets

他们的父母去到大街上

and they supported them.

支持他们

And this is how the revolution was born in Tunisia.

这就是突尼斯变革的由来

We in Al Jazeera

我们卡塔尔半岛电视台

were banned from Tunisia for years,

在突尼斯已被禁多年

and the government did not allow

当地政府不允许

any Al Jazeera reporter to be there.

任何卡塔尔半岛电视台记者靠近

But we found that these people in the street,

但我们发现这些在大街上抗议的人们

all of them are our reporters,

都变成了我们的记者

feeding our newsroom

为我们的演播室不停注入

with pictures, with videos

图片，视频

and with news.

以及新闻

And suddenly that newsroom in Doha

突然间，位于多哈的演播室

became a center

成为了一个中心

that received all this kind of input from ordinary people --

专门收集各种来自于普通民众的信息－－

people who are connected and people who have ambition

他们团结在一起，拥有抱负

and who have liberated themselves

从自卑感中

from the feeling of inferiority.

将自己解放出来

And then we took that decision:

于是我们决定：

We are unrolling the news.

我们要把这些新闻都报导出来

We are going to be the voice for these voiceless people.

我们要成为这些民众的喉舌

We are going to spread the message.

我们要将消息传播出去

Yes, some of these young people

是的，这些年轻人中的一些人

are connected to the Internet,

通过互联网相互联系了起来

but the connectivity in the Arab world

然而，阿拉伯世界的联系

is very little, is very small,

还非常有限，非常微小

because of many problems that we are suffering from.

造成这种现象的原因是我们面临了很多问题

But Al Jazeera took the voice from these people

而卡塔尔半岛电视台收集了民众的声音

and we amplified [it].

加以放大

We put it in every sitting room in the Arab world --

我们让这声音传遍阿拉伯世界每个家庭的起居室

and internationally, globally,

并通过我们的英文频道

through our English channel.

传向世界，传遍全球

And then people started to feel

到时候，人民会开始感觉到

that there's something new happening.

一股新的势力正在发生

And then Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali

后来扎因·阿比丁·本·阿里（突尼斯前总统）

decided to leave.

决定离开了

And then Egypt started,

接着，埃及的抗议发生了

and Hosni Mubarak decided to leave.

于是，穆巴拉克决定离开了

And now Libya as you see it.

而现在轮到利比亚了

And then you have Yemen.

接下来是也门

And you have many other countries trying to see

你会看到其它许多国家争相想要看到

and to rediscover that feeling

并重新体验那种感觉

of, "How do we imagine a future

“我们如何想象一个

which is magnificent and peaceful and tolerant?"

辉煌，和平，宽容的未来呢？”

I want to tell you something,

我想告诉大家

that the Internet and connectivity

互联网和人们直接的联系

has created [a] new mindset.

已经创造出了一种新思维

But this mindset

但是这种思维

has continued to be faithful

仍然对这片

to the soil and to the land

生养它的土地

that it emerged from.

充满赤诚

And while this was the major difference

这与之前许多

between many initiatives before

寻求变革的行动

to create change,

有着很大的不同之处

before we thought, and governments told us --

之前我们认为，政府也告诉我们－－

and even sometimes it was true --

有时候这也是真的－－

that change was imposed on us,

那就是，当变革被强加于我们

and people rejected that,

人们会产生抵触

because they thought that it is alien to their culture.

这是因为他们认为这不属于他们的文化

Always, we believed

我们一直相信

that change will spring from within,

变革是从内部孕育而生的

that change should be a reconciliation

这变革应当与文化

with culture, cultural diversity,

文化多样性

with our faith in our tradition

与我们对传统以及历史的信仰

and in our history,

相互融合

but at the same time,

与此同时

open to universal values, connected with the world,

这变革包容了普遍的价值观，与世界相联结

tolerant to the outside.

包容外部世界

And this is the moment

现在就是

that is happening right now in the Arab world.

阿拉伯世界发生变革的时刻

This is the right moment, and this is the actual moment

这是正确的时刻，是绝佳的时刻

that we see all of these meanings meet together

我们看到了这些重要意义相互交汇

and then create the beginning

并创造了

of this magnificent era

这片土地上

that will emerge from the region.

辉煌新时代的开端

How did the elite deal with that --

那些顶尖人物将如何应对－－

the so-called political elite?

那些所谓的政治精英会怎么做？

In front of Facebook,

面对Facebook

they brought the camels in Tahrir Square.

他们把骆驼拉到开罗的解放广场上

In front of Al Jazeera,

面对卡塔尔半岛电视台

they started creating tribalism.

他们开始结党营私

And then when they failed,

当他们失败了

they started speaking about conspiracies

他们就宣称

that emerged from Tel Aviv and Washington

有人在特拉维夫制造阴谋

in order to divide the Arab world.

以此分裂阿拉伯世界

They started telling the West,

他们开始警告西方

"Be aware of Al-Qaeda.

“小心基地组织

Al-Qaeda is taking over our territories.

基地组织主宰了我们的土地

These are Islamists

这些人信仰伊斯兰教

trying to create new Imaras.

想要建立新的Imaras

Be aware of these people

小心这些人

who [are] coming to you

他们正准备对付你们

in order to ruin your great civilization."

摧毁你们伟大的文明”

Fortunately,

真不巧

people right now cannot be deceived.

人们现在可没那么好骗了

Because this corrupt elite

因为，这个地区

in that region

腐败的当权者

has lost even the power of deception.

已经丧失了欺骗的能力

They could not, and they cannot, imagine

他们不论是过去还是现在都想象不到

how they could really deal with this reality.

他们将如何面对这样的现实

They have lost.

他们丧失了－－

They have been detached

他们被广大人民

from their people, from the masses,

所背弃

and now we are seeing them collapsing

现在，我们目睹他们一个接着一个

one after the other.

相继垮台

Al Jazeera is not

卡塔尔半岛电视台不是

a tool of revolution.

变革的工具

We do not create revolutions.

我们并不能创造变革

However,

然而

when something of that magnitude happens,

当这样重大的重大事件发生时

we are at the center of the coverage.

我们就成为了时事报导的中心

We were banned from Egypt,

我们在埃及被禁

and our correspondents,

我们的驻地记者

some of them were arrested.

有的被逮捕

But most of our camera people

但我们大多数的摄影师

and our journalists,

我们的记者们

they went underground in Egypt -- voluntarily --

他们自发进入埃及－－完全自愿

to report what happened in Tahrir Square.

秘密对解放广场上的情况进行报导

For 18 days,

18天里

our cameras were broadcasting, live,

我们的摄影机实时播出

the voices of the people in Tahrir Square.

解放广场上民众的呼声

I remember one night

我记得，一天晚上

when someone phoned me on my cellphone --

某人打通了我的手机－－

ordinary person who I don't know -- from Tahrir Square.

一个我不认识的平民－－从解放广场打来的

He told me, "We appeal to you

他告诉我：“我们恳请你

not to switch off the cameras.

不要关掉摄像机

If you switch off the cameras tonight,

如果你们关掉了摄像机

there will be a genocide.

今晚将会发生一场大屠杀

You are protecting us

你们实时报导解放广场的状况

by showing what is happening at Tahrir Square."

就是在保护我们。”

I felt the responsibility

我感到我有责任

to phone our correspondents there

给当地的记者们

and to phone our newsroom

以及我们的新闻演播室打电话

and to tell them, "Make your best

告诉他们：“你们要竭尽全力

not to switch off the cameras at night,

不要在晚上关掉摄影机

because the guys there really feel confident

因为在场的民众会更有自信

when someone is reporting their story --

因为有人对他们的故事进行报导－－

and they feel protected as well."

他们还能感觉受到了保护。”

So we have a chance

因此，我们有机会

to create a new future

在阿拉伯世界

in that part of the world.

创造一个新的未来

We have a chance

我们有机会

to go and to think of the future

进入新的未来

as something which is open to the world.

并知道它会向整个世界敞开大门

Let us not repeat the mistake of Iran,

我们不要重蹈伊朗的覆辙

of [the] Mosaddeq revolution.

进行错误的改革

Let us free ourselves -- especially in the West --

我们应该放弃固有的观点－－尤其是西方国家－－

from thinking about that part of the world

一想起阿拉伯世界

based on oil interest,

就牵扯到石油

or based on interests

或者其它基于

of the illusion of stability and security.

稳定与安全受到破坏的利益考虑

The stability and security

专制统治的稳定

of authoritarian regimes

与安全

cannot create

只会

but terrorism and violence and destruction.

导致恐怖主义，暴力与破坏

Let us accept the choice of the people.

我们应当接受人们的选择

Let us not pick and choose

不要拣选

who we would like to rule their future.

我们所偏爱的人选去主宰他们的未来

The future should be ruled

未来应当

by people themselves,

由人民自己决定

even sometimes if they are voices

即使有时候他们的呼声

that might now scare us.

会让我们感到恐惧

But the values of democracy

但民主的价值观

and the freedom of choice

以及选择的自由

that is sweeping the Middle East at this moment in time

此刻正在席卷中东地区

is the best opportunity for the world,

这是阿拉伯世界最好的时机

for the West and the East,

让东西半球

to see stability and to see security

看到稳定与安全

and to see friendship and to see tolerance

看到友谊与包容

emerging from the Arab world,

正在阿拉伯世界中逐步兴起

rather than the images of violence and terrorism.

取代了暴力与恐怖主义的画面

Let us support these people.

我们应当支持这些人民

Let us stand for them.

我们应当成为他们的代表

And let us give up

我们应当放弃

our narrow selfishness

我们狭隘的心胸

in order to embrace change,

以拥抱变革

and in order to celebrate with the people of that region

为那片土地上的人民欢呼

a great future

为伟大的未来

and hope and tolerance.

希望和宽容而庆祝

The future has arrived,

未来就在眼前

and the future is now.

未来就是现在

I thank you very much.

非常感谢大家

(Applause)

（热烈鼓掌）

Thank you very much.

非常感谢你们

(Applause)

（热烈鼓掌）

Chris Anderson: I just have a couple of questions for you.

克里斯. 安德森：我有几个问题想问您

Thank you for coming here.

感谢您的到场

How would you characterize the historical significance

您怎么描述这一事件的

of what's happened?

重要历史意义？

Is this a story-of-the-year, a story-of-the-decade

它能够产生一整年的影响，能够产生十年的影响

or something more?

还是具有更深远的影响？

Wadah Khanfar: Actually, this may be the biggest story that we have ever covered.

瓦达. 坎法尔：事实上，这可能是我们有史以来报导过最重大的事件

We have covered many wars.

我们报导了许多战争

We have covered a lot of tragedies, a lot of problems,

报到了许多悲剧，许多问题

a lot of conflict zones, a lot of hot spots in the region,

许多冲突地区，许多该地区的热点问题

because we were centered at the middle of it.

因为我们在这些事件的中心位置

But this is a story -- it is a great story; it is beautiful.

而这个事件－－非常伟大；异常美丽

It is not something that you only cover

我们报导它并不只是

because you have to cover a great incident.

因为你必须报导一件大事

You are witnessing change in history.

你是在亲眼见证历史的变迁

You are witnessing the birth of a new era.

你是在见证一个新时代的诞生

And this is what the story's all about.

而这就是这个事件的本质

CA: There are a lot of people in the West

克里斯. 安德森：西方国家有许多人

who are still skeptical,

怀疑或认为

or think this may just be an intermediate stage

这只是

before much more alarming chaos.

更大规模暴乱的前奏

You really believe

您真的相信

that if there are democratic elections in Egypt now,

如果埃及现在进行民主选举

that a government could emerge

产生新的政府

that espouses some of the values you've spoken about so inspiringly?

那么这一政府会接受您刚才慷慨激昂地提出的那些价值观吗？

WK: And people actually,

瓦达. 坎法尔：事实上，人们

after the collapse of the Hosni Mubarak regime,

在穆巴拉克政权垮台后

the youth who have organized themselves

那些年轻人

in certain groups and councils,

组成了不同的组织与委员会

they are guarding the transformation

他们在保卫变革的进程

and they are trying to put it on a track

他们正努力使之步入正轨

in order to satisfy

以便推行

the values of democracy,

民主的价值观

but at the same time

而与此同时

also to make it reasonable

保证它是合理的

and to make it rational,

理智的

not to go out of order.

不至于失控

In my opinion, these people are much more wiser

在我看来，这些人民比那些政治精英，

than, not only the political elite,

知识精英

even the intellectual elite, even opposition leaders

甚至包括政治党派在内的反对派领导

including political parties.

都要有智慧得多

At this moment in time, the youth in the Arab world

此时此刻，阿拉伯世界的这些年轻人

are much more wiser

更加有智慧

and capable of creating the change

有能力进行变革

than the old --

他们比那些过时的－－

including the political and cultural

包括政治和文化

and ideological

意识形态都过时了的政权

old regimes.

要强得多

(Applause)

（热烈鼓掌）

CA: We are not to get involved politically and interfere in that way.

克里斯. 安德森：那我们就不插手他们的内政了

What should people here at TED,

在场的TED观众

here in the West,

以及西方世界的人们

do if they want to connect or make a difference

相信现在所发生的变革

and they believe in what's happening here?

如果他们想要参与进去，或尽一份力，他们应该怎么做？

WK: I think we have discovered a very important issue in the Arab world --

瓦达. 坎法尔：我认为我们已经发现了阿拉伯世界中的一个重大事件－－

that people care,

人们是在乎的

people care about this great transformation.

人们在乎这场重大的变革

Mohamed Nanabhay who's sitting with us,

默罕默德. 那涅贝今天也到场了

the head of Aljazeera.net,

他是卡塔尔半岛电视台网站的总监

he told me that a 2,500 percent increase

他告诉我，我们网站的点击率

of accessing our website

上升了百分之两千五百

from various parts of the world.

世界各地的人们都在使用

Fifty percent of it is coming from America.

百分之五十的点击率来自美国

Because we discovered that people care,

因为我们发现人们正在关注

and people would like to know --

他们想知道真相－－

they are receiving the stream through our Internet.

他们正通过我们的互联网接受信息流

Unfortunately in the United States,

不幸的是，在美国

we are not covering but Washington D.C. at this moment in time

卡塔尔半岛电视台英文频道目前

for Al Jazeera English.

没有覆盖华盛顿特区

But I can tell you, this is the moment to celebrate

但是，我可以告诉大家，这是值得庆祝的时刻

through connecting ourselves

我们可以通过联网

with those people in the street

向大街上的那些人们

and expressing our support to them

表达我们对他们的支持

and expressing this kind of feeling, universal feeling,

表达这种人人都会产生共鸣的

of supporting the weak and the oppressed

对弱者或被压迫者的支持

to create a much better future for all of us.

帮助我们所有人创造一个更加美好的未来

CA: Well Wadah, a group of members of the TED community,

克里斯. 安德森：好的，瓦达，TED社区中的一群成员

TEDxCairo,

TED开罗站

are meeting as we speak.

在我们谈话的同时正在进行会谈

They've had some speakers there.

他们其中有一些演讲者

I believe they've heard your talk.

我相信他们都听到了您的讲话

Thank you for inspiring them and for inspiring all of us.

感谢您对他们以及我们大家的启发和鼓励

Thank you so much.

非常感谢

(Applause)

（热烈鼓掌）