A virus detection network to stop the next pandemic | Pardis Sabeti and Christian Happi

Translator: Nelson Simfukwe Reviewer: Joachim Mangilima

[In January 2020,

[Mnamo Januari ya mwaka 2020,

Christian Happi and Pardis Sabeti presented an Audacious idea]

Christian Happi na Pardis Sabeti waliwasilisha wazo lenye uthubutu]

[Sentinel: An early warning system to detect and track the next pandemic]

[Sentinel: Mfumo wa ilani ya mapema katika kutambua na kufuatilia mlipuko wa gonjwa lijalo]

[Here's how it would work ...]

[Hivi ni namna utavyofanya kazi ...]

Christian Happi: Sentinel is a proactive early warning system to preempt pandemics.

Christian Happi: Kiashiria ni mfumo wa ilani ya mapema iliyo amilifu katika kukinzana na magonjwa yanayoenea sana.

It is built on three major pillars.

Inajengwa na misingi mikuu mitatu.

Pardis Sabeti: The first pillar is Detect.

Pardis Sabeti: Msingi wa kwanza ni Utambuzi.

Christian and I have been studying infectious diseases together

Mimi na Christian tumekuwa tukitafiti pamoja magonjwa ya kuambukizwa

around the world for two decades.

duniani kote kwa miongo miwili.

We have been using genome sequencing.

Tumekuwa tukitumia mfululizo wa jenomu.

Reading out the complete genetic information of a microbe,

Tukizisoma taarifa timilifu za vinasaba vya vijidudu,

it allows us to identify viruses, even those we've never seen before,

inatusaidia kutambua virusi, hata vile ambavyo hatujawahi kuviona kabla,

track them as they spread

kuvifuatilia pale vinaposambaa

and watch for new mutations.

na kuangazia mabadiliko yake mapya.

And now with the powerful gene-editing technology CRISPR,

Na sasa tukiwa na teknolojia yenye uwezo mkubwa wa kuziboresha chembe za urithi(jeni) iitwayo CRISPR,

we can use this genetic information

tunaweza kutumia taarifa hizi za kinasaba

to rapidly design exquisitely sensitive diagnostic tests for any microbe.

kutengeneza vipimo vya utambuzi vilivyo sahihi kwa vijidudu aina zote.

CH: One of these tools is called SHERLOCK.

CH: Moja ya nyenzo hizi zinafahamika kama SHERLOCK.

It can be used to test known viruses on simple paper strips.

Inaweza kutumika kutambua virusi vinavyotambulika katika vijikaratasi.

It is very inexpensive,

Ni nafuu mno,

and frontline health workers can use SHERLOCK

na wafanyakazi wa afya walio mstari wa mbele wanaweza tumia SHERLOCK

to detect the most common or the most threatening viruses

Kutambua virusi vinavyojulikana au vile ambavyo ni tishio

within an hour.

ndani ya saa moja.

PS: The other tool is CARMEN.

PS: Nyenzo nyingine ni CARMEN.

It requires a lab, but it can test for hundreds of viruses simultaneously.

Inahitaji maabara, lakini inaweza kupima mamia ya virusi kwa wakati mmoja.

So hospital lab staff can test patient samples

Hivyo wafanyakazi wa maabara wanaweza pima sampuli za wagonjwa

for a broad range of viruses

kutambua aina nyingi za virusi

within a day.

ndani ya siku moja.

Our second pillar is Connect.

Msingi wetu wa pili ni Ungana.

Connect everyone and share this information

Kumuunganisha kila mmoja na kushirikishana taarifa

across the public health community.

kote katika jamii ya afya ya umma.

In most outbreaks,

Katika magonjwa mengi ya mlipuko,

hospital staff share case information through paper, Excel -- if at all.

wafanyakazi wa hospitali hushirikishana taarifa kupitia nyaraka za karatasi.

This makes tracking an outbreak through space and time

Hii hufanya ufatiliaji wa taarifa katika nafasi na nyakati

and coordinating a response

na upatikanaji wa huduma

extremely difficult.

kuwa mgumu sana.

So we're developing a cloud-based system and mobile applications

Hivyo tunatengeneza mfumo wa kimtandao na programu za simu

that connect community health workers,

ambazo zinawaunganisha wafanyakazi wa afya,

clinicians, public health teams -- everyone --

waliopo zahanati, timu za afya umma -- kila mmoja --

and allows them to upload data,

na kuwawezesha kuingiza taarifa,

perform analysis, share insights

kufanya tathmini, kushirikishana vidokezo

and coordinate a response and action plan

na kutengeneza mpango wa kuweza kuchukua hatua

in real time.

katika wakati sahihi.

CH: Our third pillar is Empower.

CH: Msingi wetu wa tatu ni Uwezeshaji.

An outbreak surveillance system can only succeed

Mfumo wa uangalizi wa magonjwa ya mlipuko unaweza fanikiwa

if we empower frontline health workers that are already out there

kama tutawawezesha wafanyakazi wa afya walio mstari wa mbele

taking care of communities.

kuhudumia jamii.

It requires a lot of training.

Inahitaji mafunzo mengi sana.

Pardis and I are very much aware of that.

Mimi na Pardis tunalitambua hilo.

We've spent the past 10 years

Tumetumia miaka kumi

training hundreds of young African scientists and clinicians.

tukiwafunza mamia ya wanasayansi wadogo na wafanyakazi wa zanahati barani Afrika.

Over the next five years, we will train an additional 1,000 health workers

Katika miaka mitano ijayo, tutaweza kutoa mafunzo kwa wahudumu wa afya wengine takribani 1,000

to use Sentinel detection tools

katika kutumia mfumo wa Kiashiria

and empower them to train their colleagues.

na kuwawezesha pia kufundisha wafanyakazi wenzao.

This way, we will improve the original health care system

Namna hii, tutaweza kuboresha mfumo halisi wa afya

and integrate surveillance into medical practice.

na kuweza tumia uangalizi wa kina katika masuala ya kitabibu.

[Since presenting their Audacious plan at TED, the world has changed ...]

[Tangu kuwakilisha mpango wao wa Uthubutu katika TED, ulimwengu umebadilika ...]

Briar Goldberg: So here we are. We're recording this.

Briar Goldberg: Tupo hapa, tunarekodi hili tukio.

It's April 7th, 2020,

Ni tarehe 7 mwezi Aprili, 2020,

and obviously, we are in the throes of this crazy global pandemic

na kwa uhakika, tupo katika tabu ya hili gonjwa ambalo ni janga la ulimwengu

caused by this new coronavirus.

linalosababishwa na virusi vipya vya corona.

So you two have been working together forever,

Nyinyi wawili mmekuwa mkifanya kazi pamoja siku zote,

and you really came together pretty aggressively

na mlikuwa pamoja kwa juhudi

with the Ebola crisis back in 2014.

katika janga la Ebola mwaka 2014.

What does it feel like from your perspective?

Mnalitazamaje hili jambo?

CH: Pretty much six years after the Ebola outbreak,

CH: Miaka sita baada ya mlipuko wa Ebola,

we're really facing another crisis,

tumekumbana na janga lingine,

and we still pretty much, like, we never learned from the previous crisis.

na tupo katika wakati, ambao kwamba, hatujajifunza mengi kuhusu janga lililopita.

And that, really, for me, is heartbreaking.

Na hivyo, kiukweli, kwangu mimi, inanivunja moyo.

PS: I think that this pandemic has shown us how unprepared we are

PS: Ninadhani janga hili limetuonyesha ni namna gani hatukujiandaa

everywhere in the world.

duniani kote.

Christian and our partners together had diagnostics at our hospital sites

Christian na washirika wetu pamoja tulikuwa na vikagua magonjwa katika hospitali zetu

in Nigeria, Sierra Leone and Senegal in early February.

nchini Nigeria, Sierra Leone na Senegal mapema mwezi Februari.

Most states in the United States didn't have it until far later.

Majimbo mengi nchini Marekani hayakuwa navyo mpaka baadaye.

It tells us that we are all in this together,

Inatueleza kwamba wote tupo pamoja katika hili,

and we are all very much behind the curve.

na wote tupo nyuma .

BG: So, this Sentinel system is amazing,

BG: Hivyo, huu mfumo wa Kiashiria ni mzuri,

but I know that the question that's on everybody's mind is:

lakini nafahamu swali ambalo lipo akilini mwa kila mtu:

How is that playing into the here and now?

Namna gani huu mfumo unasaidia sasa hivi?

PS: You know, we describe Sentinel as a pandemic preemption system,

PS: Unajua, tumeelezea Kiashiria kama mfumo wa kuondokana na magonjwa yanayoenea sana,

and here we are in a pandemic.

na hapa tupo katika moja ya magonjwa hayo.

But what's great is that, actually, the same tools you need

Lakini kilicho kikubwa ni kwamba, nyenzo zilezile unazohitaji

to preempt a pandemic

kuondokana na gonjwa linaloenea

are the ones that you need to respond to one.

ni zilezile unazohitaji kuondokana nalo.

And so all of the technologies that we have laid out --

Na hivyo teknolojia ambazo tumeziainisha --

the point-of-care testing, the multiplex testing,

Vipimo vyote vya awali vya uchaguzi,

the discovery and tracking of the virus as it's changing,

utambuzi na ufatiliaji wa virusi vinavyobadilika,

and the overlay of the mobile applications to dashboard --

na utumiaji wa programu za simu --

are all critical.

ni muhimu mno.

CH: For us, it is a war.

CH: Kwetu sisi, ni vita.

We are basically committed for 24 hours' turnaround time

Kimsingi tumejidhatiti katika ratiba ya masaa 24

in order to give results,

ili kuweza kutoa majibu,

and that requires for us to work around the clock nonstop.

na inatuhitaji sisi kufanya kazi bila kupoteza muda.

So it's a pretty challenging moment.

Hivyo ni nyakati yenye changamoto sana.

We are away from family.

Tupo mbali na familia.

At least I have the privilege to see family today,

Angalau nina wasaha wa kuiona familia yangu leo,

and then I'm sure tomorrow I'm heading back in the trenches.

na kisha nina uhakika kesho ninarudi tena kwenye kazi.

In my lab, we sequenced the first COVID-19 genome

Katika maabara yangu, tumetengeneza mfululizo wa kwanza wa jenomu ya COVID-19

on the African continent,

katika bara la Afrika,

and that really was done within 48 hours.

na hilo lilifanyika ndani ya masaaa 48.

This is revolutionary coming from Africa

Haya ni mapinduzi yanayotokea Afrika

and then making this information available for the global health community

na kisha kufanya taarifa hizi kupatikana katika jamii ya masuala ya afya ulimwenguni

to see what the virus within Africa looks like.

ili kuona virusi vya Afrika vinaonekana katika namna gani.

I believe that with technologies and knowledge

Ninaamini kwa kutumia teknolojia na maarifa

and then sharing information,

na kisha kushirikisha taarifa,

we can do better and then we can overcome.

tunaweza fanya vizuri na kuweza kulishinda gonjwa.

PS: The whole idea of Sentinel

PS: Wazo zima la Sentinel

is that we all stand guard over each other.

ni katika kusimama wote kwa pamoja kulindana.

We all watch.

Wote tunatazama.

Each one of us is a sentinel.

Kila mmoja wetu ni mlinzi.

Each one of us, being able to monitor what is making us sick,

Kila mmoja wetu, anaweza tambua kipi kinachofanya sisi kuumwa,

can share that with the rest of our community.

na kuweza kushirikisha jamii nzima taarifa hizo.

And I think that is what I profoundly want,

Na nadhani hichi ndicho kitu ninachohitaji kiukweli,

is for us to all stand guard

ni kwa wote kusimama kulindana

and watch over each other.

na kutazamiana pamoja.

[Dr. Pardis Sabeti and Dr. Christian Happi]

[Dr. Pardis Sabeti na Dr. Christian Happi]

[Ingenious scientists.

[Wanasayansi wenye ustadi.

Courageous partners.

Washirika wenye moyo.

Global heroes.]

Mashujaa wa ulimwengu.]