A virus detection network to stop the next pandemic | Pardis Sabeti and Christian Happi

51,448 views ใƒป 2020-06-03

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: yael ring ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Ido Dekkers
00:12
[In January 2020,
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[ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2020,
00:13
Christian Happi and Pardis Sabeti presented an Audacious idea]
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ื›ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืืŸ ื”ืืคื™ ื•ืคืืจื“ื™ืก ืกืื‘ื˜ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื’ื• ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžื”ืคื›ื ื™]
00:18
[Sentinel: An early warning system to detect and track the next pandemic]
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[ืกื ื˜ื™ื ืœ: ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืชืจืขื” ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช ืœืืชืจ ื•ืœื ื˜ืจ ืื—ืจ ื”ืžื’ื™ืคื” ื”ื‘ืื”]
00:25
[Here's how it would work ...]
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[ื”ื ื” ืื™ืš ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืชืคืขืœ...]
00:28
Christian Happi: Sentinel is a proactive early warning system to preempt pandemics.
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ื›ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืืŸ ื”ืืคื™: ืกื ื˜ื™ื ืœ ื”ื™ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืชืจืขื” ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช ืคืจื•-ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ืžื’ืคื•ืช.
00:35
It is built on three major pillars.
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ื”ื™ื ืžื•ืฉืชืชืช ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื.
00:37
Pardis Sabeti: The first pillar is Detect.
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ืคืืจื“ื™ืก ืกืื‘ื˜ื™: ื”ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื™ืชื•ืจ.
00:39
Christian and I have been studying infectious diseases together
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ื›ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืืŸ ื•ืื ื™ ื—ืงืจื ื• ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืžื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ื™ื—ื“
00:42
around the world for two decades.
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ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื.
00:44
We have been using genome sequencing.
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ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื ื• ื‘ืจื™ืฆื•ืฃ ื’ื ื˜ื™.
00:46
Reading out the complete genetic information of a microbe,
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ื•ืžื™ืคื™ื ื• ืืช ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื,
00:49
it allows us to identify viruses, even those we've never seen before,
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ื–ื” ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื ื• ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื•ื™ืจื•ืกื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืืœื” ืฉืœื ืจืื™ื ื• ืžืขื•ืœื,
00:54
track them as they spread
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ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืชื
00:55
and watch for new mutations.
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ื•ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืžื•ื˜ืฆื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช.
00:57
And now with the powerful gene-editing technology CRISPR,
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื”ืขืจื™ื›ื” ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ืช CRISPR,
01:00
we can use this genetic information
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ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ ื”ื–ื”
01:02
to rapidly design exquisitely sensitive diagnostic tests for any microbe.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืœื™ ืจืžืช ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ืงืจื•ื‘.
01:08
CH: One of these tools is called SHERLOCK.
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ื”ืืคื™: ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื ืงืจื ืฉืจืœื•ืง.
01:11
It can be used to test known viruses on simple paper strips.
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืจื•ืกื™ื ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคื™ืกื•ืช ื ื™ื™ืจ ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•ืช.
01:16
It is very inexpensive,
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ื”ื•ื ื–ื•ืœ ืžืื•ื“,
01:18
and frontline health workers can use SHERLOCK
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ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืงื• ื”ื—ื–ื™ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืฉืจืœื•ืง
01:21
to detect the most common or the most threatening viruses
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืชืจ ืืช ื”ื•ื™ืจื•ืกื™ื ื”ื ืคื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื”ืžืื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
01:26
within an hour.
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ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉืขื”.
01:28
PS: The other tool is CARMEN.
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ืกืื‘ื˜ื™: ื”ื›ืœื™ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ื•ื ื›ืจืžืŸ.
01:29
It requires a lab, but it can test for hundreds of viruses simultaneously.
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ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืžืขื‘ื“ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžืื•ืช ื•ื™ืจื•ืกื™ื ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช.
01:34
So hospital lab staff can test patient samples
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ืื– ืฆื•ื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื“ื’ื™ืžื•ืช ืžื—ื•ืœื™ื
01:36
for a broad range of viruses
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ื•ื™ืจื•ืกื™ื
01:38
within a day.
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ื‘ืชื•ืš ื™ืžืžื”.
01:39
Our second pillar is Connect.
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ื”ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจื™ื.
01:42
Connect everyone and share this information
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ืœืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื•ืœื ื•ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื”
01:45
across the public health community.
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ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืงื”ื™ืœืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ.
01:47
In most outbreaks,
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ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ื™ื•ืช,
01:49
hospital staff share case information through paper, Excel -- if at all.
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ืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื—ื•ืœืง ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื ื™ื™ืจื•ืช, ื˜ื‘ืœืื•ืช ืืงืกืœ -- ืื ื‘ื›ืœืœ.
01:54
This makes tracking an outbreak through space and time
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ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื”ื•ืคืš ืืช ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ืช ืœืื•ืจืš ืžืจื—ื‘ ื•ื–ืžืŸ
01:56
and coordinating a response
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ื•ืชื™ืื•ื ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”
01:58
extremely difficult.
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ืœืžื‘ืฆืข ืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“.
01:59
So we're developing a cloud-based system and mobile applications
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ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขื ืŸ ื•ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืกืœื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช
02:03
that connect community health workers,
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ืฉืžืงืฉืจืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ื™ื,
02:05
clinicians, public health teams -- everyone --
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ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื, ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช -- ื›ื•ืœื --
02:08
and allows them to upload data,
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ื•ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื”ื ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืžื™ื“ืข,
02:10
perform analysis, share insights
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ืœื‘ืฆืข ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื, ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช
02:13
and coordinate a response and action plan
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ื•ืœืชืื ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื•ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืคืขื•ืœื”
02:15
in real time.
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืืžืช.
02:16
CH: Our third pillar is Empower.
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ื”ืืคื™: ื”ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืขืฆืžื”.
02:20
An outbreak surveillance system can only succeed
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ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื—
02:23
if we empower frontline health workers that are already out there
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ืจืง ืื ื ืขืฆื™ื ืืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืงื• ื”ื—ื–ื™ืช ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืฉื
02:27
taking care of communities.
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ื•ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช.
02:28
It requires a lot of training.
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ื–ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืจื‘ื”.
02:31
Pardis and I are very much aware of that.
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ืคืืจื“ื™ืก ื•ืื ื™ ืžืื•ื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื›ืš.
02:33
We've spent the past 10 years
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ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื• ืืช ืขืฉืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช
02:35
training hundreds of young African scientists and clinicians.
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ื‘ื”ื›ืฉืจืช ืžืื•ืช ืžื“ืขื ื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื.
02:39
Over the next five years, we will train an additional 1,000 health workers
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ื—ืžืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช, ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื›ืฉื™ืจ ืขื•ื“ 1,000 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื
02:43
to use Sentinel detection tools
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ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื”ืื™ืชื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืกื ื˜ื™ื ืœ
02:45
and empower them to train their colleagues.
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ื•ืœื”ืขืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืจ ืืช ืขืžื™ืชื™ื”ื.
02:48
This way, we will improve the original health care system
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืฉืคืจ ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช
02:52
and integrate surveillance into medical practice.
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ื•ื ืฉืœื‘ ืžืขืงื‘ ืœืชื•ืš ื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืจืคื•ืื”.
02:57
[Since presenting their Audacious plan at TED, the world has changed ...]
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[ืžืื– ืฉื”ืฆื™ื’ื• ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื”ืคื›ื ื™ ืฉืœื”ื ื‘-TED, ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉืชื ื” ...]
03:02
Briar Goldberg: So here we are. We're recording this.
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ื‘ืจื™ืืจ ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’: ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ. ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงืœื™ื˜ื™ื ืืช ื–ื”.
03:05
It's April 7th, 2020,
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ื”ื™ื•ื ื”-7 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ, 2020,
03:07
and obviously, we are in the throes of this crazy global pandemic
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ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžื’ืคื” ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ื”ืžืฉื•ื’ืขืช ื”ื–ื•
03:12
caused by this new coronavirus.
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ืฉื ื’ืจืžื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ื’ื™ืฃ ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉ.
03:14
So you two have been working together forever,
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ืื– ืฉื ื™ื›ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ื—ื“ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ,
03:17
and you really came together pretty aggressively
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ื•ื‘ืขืฆื ื ืคื’ืฉืชื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™
03:20
with the Ebola crisis back in 2014.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืื‘ื•ืœื” ื‘-2014.
03:23
What does it feel like from your perspective?
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ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉืœื›ื?
03:25
CH: Pretty much six years after the Ebola outbreak,
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ื”ืืคื™: ื‘ืขืจืš ืฉืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ืช ื ื’ื™ืฃ ื”ืื‘ื•ืœื”,
03:28
we're really facing another crisis,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ,
03:31
and we still pretty much, like, we never learned from the previous crisis.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ื›ืื™ืœื•, ืœื ืœืžื“ื ื• ื›ืœื•ื ืžื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ื.
03:37
And that, really, for me, is heartbreaking.
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ื•ื–ื”, ืžืžืฉ, ืขื‘ื•ืจื™, ืฉื•ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืœื‘.
03:39
PS: I think that this pandemic has shown us how unprepared we are
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ืกืื‘ื˜ื™: ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื”ืžื’ืคื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ืจืืชื” ืœื ื• ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื
03:46
everywhere in the world.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
03:47
Christian and our partners together had diagnostics at our hospital sites
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ื›ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืืŸ ื•ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื™ื—ื“ ื”ืฆื‘ื ื• ืžืื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื‘ืืชืจื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
03:52
in Nigeria, Sierra Leone and Senegal in early February.
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ื‘ื ื™ื’ืจื™ื”, ืกื™ื™ืจื” ืœืื•ืŸ ื•ืกื ื’ืœ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ.
03:55
Most states in the United States didn't have it until far later.
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ืœืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžืื‘ื—ื ื™ื ืขื“ ืžืžืฉ ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:00
It tells us that we are all in this together,
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื ื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื™ื—ื“,
04:03
and we are all very much behind the curve.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืขืงื•ืžื”.
04:05
BG: So, this Sentinel system is amazing,
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ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’: ืื–, ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืกื ื˜ื™ื ืœ ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”,
04:09
but I know that the question that's on everybody's mind is:
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื”ืฉืืœื” ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ื”ื™ื
04:12
How is that playing into the here and now?
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ืื™ืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืื•ืชื” ื›ืืŸ ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื•?
04:14
PS: You know, we describe Sentinel as a pandemic preemption system,
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ืกืืคื˜ื™: ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชืืจื™ื ืืช ืกื ื˜ื™ื ืœ ื›ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื ื™ืขืช ืžื’ืคื•ืช,
04:18
and here we are in a pandemic.
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ื•ื”ื ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืžื’ืคื”.
04:19
But what's great is that, actually, the same tools you need
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉื ืคืœื ื”ื•ื ืฉืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื•ืชื ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืœื”ื ืื ื—ื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื
04:22
to preempt a pandemic
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžื’ืคื”
04:23
are the ones that you need to respond to one.
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ื”ื ืื•ืชื ืืœื” ืœื”ื ืื ื—ื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ืœื”.
04:25
And so all of the technologies that we have laid out --
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ืื– ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉืคื™ืจื˜ื ื• --
04:28
the point-of-care testing, the multiplex testing,
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ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ, ื”ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื”ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ื,
04:31
the discovery and tracking of the virus as it's changing,
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ื•ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื•ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ื•ื™ืจื•ืก ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื™ื• ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื,
04:34
and the overlay of the mobile applications to dashboard --
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ื•ื”ืžืขื˜ืคืช ืฉืœ ื”ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื”ืกืœื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช -
04:38
are all critical.
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ื”ืŸ ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ื•ืช.
04:39
CH: For us, it is a war.
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ื”ืืคื™: ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื•, ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื”.
04:41
We are basically committed for 24 hours' turnaround time
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืขืฆื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืžืขื ื” ืฉืœ 24 ืฉืขื•ืช
04:44
in order to give results,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกืคืง ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช,
04:46
and that requires for us to work around the clock nonstop.
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ื•ื–ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืžืืชื ื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืฉืขื•ืŸ ืœืœื ื”ืคืกืงื”.
04:51
So it's a pretty challenging moment.
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ืื– ื–ื”ื• ืจื’ืข ื“ื™ ืžืืชื’ืจ.
04:53
We are away from family.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืจื—ื•ืง ืžื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”.
04:54
At least I have the privilege to see family today,
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ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืœื™ ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ื™ื•ื,
04:56
and then I'm sure tomorrow I'm heading back in the trenches.
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ื•ืื– ืื ื™ ื“ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉืžื—ืจ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœืฉื•ื—ื•ืช.
04:59
In my lab, we sequenced the first COVID-19 genome
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ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ืฉืœื™, ื™ืฆืจื ื• ืืช ืจืฆืฃ ื”ื’ื ื•ื ืฉืœ ืงื•ืจื•ื ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ
05:03
on the African continent,
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ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉืช ืืคืจื™ืงื”,
05:04
and that really was done within 48 hours.
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ื•ื–ื” ื ืขืฉื” ืžืžืฉ ื‘ืชื•ืš 48 ืฉืขื•ืช.
05:06
This is revolutionary coming from Africa
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ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื”ืคื›ื ื™ ืฉื™ื•ืฆื ืžืืคืจื™ืงื”
05:09
and then making this information available for the global health community
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ื•ืื– ืœืคืชื•ื— ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืœืงื”ื™ืœืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช
05:13
to see what the virus within Africa looks like.
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ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื™ืจื•ืก ื”ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
05:15
I believe that with technologies and knowledge
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ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื“ืข
05:18
and then sharing information,
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ื•ืื– ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข,
05:20
we can do better and then we can overcome.
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ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืื– ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ.
05:22
PS: The whole idea of Sentinel
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ืกืื‘ื˜ื™: ื›ืœ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ืกื ื˜ื™ื ืœ
05:24
is that we all stand guard over each other.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ื–ื” ืขืœ ื–ื”.
05:26
We all watch.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจ.
05:27
Each one of us is a sentinel.
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ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืืชื ื• ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืžืจ ื‘ืฉืขืจ.
05:29
Each one of us, being able to monitor what is making us sick,
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ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืืชื ื•, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื ื˜ืจ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื’ื•ืจื ืœื ื• ืœื—ืœื•ืช,
05:33
can share that with the rest of our community.
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ื•ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืืช ื–ื” ืขื ืฉืืจ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœื ื•.
05:35
And I think that is what I profoundly want,
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ืขืฆื ืจื•ืฆื”,
05:38
is for us to all stand guard
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ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจ
05:41
and watch over each other.
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ื•ื ืฉืžื•ืจ ื–ื” ืขืœ ื–ื”.
05:43
[Dr. Pardis Sabeti and Dr. Christian Happi]
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[ื“"ืจ ืคืืจื“ื™ืก ืกื‘ืื˜ื™ ื•ื“"ืจ ื›ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืืŸ ื”ืืคื™]
05:46
[Ingenious scientists.
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[ืžื“ืขื ื™ื ื’ืื•ื ื™ื,
05:48
Courageous partners.
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ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืืžื™ืฆื™ื.
05:49
Global heroes.]
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ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื™ื]
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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