Your smartphone is a civil rights issue | Christopher Soghoian

Prevodilac: Branislav Celic Lektor: Mile Živković

In the spring of 2016,

U proleće 2016,

pravna borba između Epla i FBI-a

a legal battle between Apple and the Federal Bureau of Investigation

captured the world's attention.

zapala je svetu za oko.

Apple has built security features into its mobile products

Epl je ugradio bezbednosne odlike u svoje mobilne proizvode

which protect data on its devices from everyone but the owner.

koje štite podatke na svojim uređajima od svakog osim vlasnika.

That means that criminals, hackers and yes, even governments

To znači da su kriminalci, hakeri i da, čak i vlade

are all locked out.

bez pristupa.

For Apple's customers, this is a great thing.

Za Eplove korisnike je ovo velika stvar.

But governments are not so happy.

Ali vlade nisu tako srećne.

You see, Apple has made a conscious decision

Vidite, Epl je napravio svesnu odluku

to get out of the surveillance business.

da bude van prismotre.

Apple has tried to make surveillance as difficult as possible

Epl je pokušao da oteža prismotru što više je moguće

for governments and any other actors.

vladama i bilo kojim akterima.

There are really two smartphone operating systems

Postoje dva operativna sistema za telefone

in the global smartphone market:

na svetskom tržištu pametnih telefona:

iOS and Android.

iOS i Android.

iOS is made by Apple. Android is made by Google.

iOS je napravio Epl. Android je napravio Gugl.

Apple has spent a lot of time and money

Epl je potrošio puno vremena i novca

to make sure that its products are as secure as possible.

da se osigura da su njihovi proizvodi što je više moguće bezbedni.

Apple encrypts all data stored on iPhones by default,

Epl podrazumevano šifruje sve podatke uskladištene na iPhone,

and text messages sent from one Apple customer to another Apple customer

i tekstualne poruke poslane od jednog do drugog Epl korisnika

are encrypted by default

su šifrovane automatski

without the user having to take any actions.

bez da korisnik mora šta preduzeti.

What this means is that,

Ovo znači da,

if the police seize an iPhone and it has a password,

ako policija zapleni ajfon, a on ima šifru,

they'll have a difficult time getting any data off of it,

imaće poteškoća sa dobijanjem podataka sa njega,

if they can do it at all.

ako to uopšte mogu uraditi.

In contrast, the security of Android just really isn't as good.

Nasuprot tome, bezbednost Androida nije tako dobra.

Android phones, or at least most of the Android phones

Android telefoni, ili bar većina Android telefona

that have been sold to consumers,

koji su prodati korisnicima,

do not encrypt data stored on the device by default,

ne šifruju podatke uskladištene na uređaju automatski,

and the built-in text messaging app in Android does not use encryption.

a unapred instalirana aplikacija za poruke na Androidu ne koristi šifrovanje.

So if the police seize an Android phone,

Tako da ako policija zapleni Android telefon,

chances are, they'll be able to get all the data they want

sve su šanse da će moći da dobiju sve željene podatke

off of that device.

sa tog uređaja.

Two smartphones

Dva pametna telefona

from two of the biggest companies in the world;

od dve od najvećih kompanija sveta;

one that protects data by default,

jedna koja automatski štiti podatke,

and one that doesn't.

i druga koja ne štiti.

Apple is a seller of luxury goods.

Epl je prodavac luksuznih dobara.

It dominates the high end of the market.

On dominira na visokom tržištu.

And we would expect a manufacturer of luxury goods to have products

A mi bismo očekivali od proizvođača luksuznih dobara da njegovi proizvodi

that include more features.

uključuju više odlika.

But not everyone can afford an iPhone.

Ali ne mogu svi sebi priuštiti ajfon.

That's where Android really, really dominates:

Tu Android stvarno, stvarno dominira:

at the middle and low end of the market,

na srednjem i nižem delu tržišta,

smartphones for the billion and a half people

pametni telefoni za milijardu i po ljudi

who cannot or will not spend

koji ne mogu ili neće da potroše

600 dollars on a phone.

600 dolara na telefon.

Ali dominacija Androida je dovela do nečega što ja nazivam

But the dominance of Android has led to what I call

the "digital security divide."

"podelom digitalne bezbednosti".

That is, there is now increasingly a gap

To jest, sada je sve veći razmak

between the privacy and security of the rich,

između privatnosti i bezbednosti bogatih,

who can afford devices that secure their data by default,

koji sebi mogu priuštiti uređaje koji automatski štite njihove podatke,

and of the poor,

i siromašnih,

whose devices do very little to protect them by default.

čiji uređaji rade veoma malo na automatskoj zaštiti

So, think of the average Apple customer:

Pa, zamislite prosečnog korisnika Eplovih proizvoda:

a banker, a lawyer, a doctor, a politician.

bankara, advokata, doktora, političara.

These individuals now increasingly have smartphones in their pockets

Ove osobe sada sve više imaju telefone u svojim džepovima

that encrypt their calls, their text messages,

koji šifruju njihove pozive, njihove tekstualne poruke,

all the data on the device,

sve te podatke na uređaju,

without them doing really anything to secure their information.

bez da oni urade bilo šta da zaštite svoje informacije.

In contrast, the poor and the most vulnerable in our societies

Nasuprot tome, siromašni i najranjiviji u našim društvima

are using devices that leave them completely vulnerable to surveillance.

koriste uređaje zbog kojih su potpuno osetljivi na prismotru.

In the United States, where I live,

U Sjedinjenim Državama, gde živim,

African-Americans are more likely to be seen as suspicious

Afro-Amerikance će češće videti kao sumnjive

or more likely to be profiled,

i češće će ih proveravati,

and are more likely to be targeted by the state with surveillance.

i verovatnije je da će biti meta prismotre države.

But African-Americans are also disproportionately likely

Ali mnogo je verovatnije da će Afro-Amerikanci

to use Android devices that do nothing at all

koristiti Android uređaje koji ne preduzimaju ništa

to protect them from that surveillance.

da ih zaštite od prismotre.

This is a problem.

Ovo je problem.

We must remember that surveillance is a tool.

Moramo se setiti da je prismotra alat.

It's a tool used by those in power

To je alat kojeg koriste moćni

against those who have no power.

protiv onih koji nemaju moć.

And while I think it's absolutely great

I dok mislim da je odlično

that companies like Apple are making it easy for people to encrypt,

da kompanije poput Epla olakšavaju ljudima šifrovanje,

if the only people who can protect themselves

ako su jedini ljudi koji se mogu zaštititi

from the gaze of the government

od pogleda vlade

are the rich and powerful,

bogati i moćni,

that's a problem.

to je problem.

And it's not just a privacy or a cybersecurity problem.

A to nije samo problem privatnosti ili sajber bezbednosti.

It's a civil rights problem.

To je problem građanskih prava.

So the lack of default security in Android

Tako da nedostatak automatske zaštite na Androidu

is not just a problem for the poor and vulnerable users

nije samo problem za siromašne i ranjive korisnike

who are depending on these devices.

koji zavise od ovih uređaja.

This is actually a problem for our democracy.

Ovo je zapravo problem za našu demokratiju.

I'll explain what I mean.

Objasniću šta sam mislio.

Modern social movements rely on technology --

Moderni društveni pokreti se oslanjaju na tehnologiju -

from Black Lives Matter to the Arab Spring to Occupy Wall Street.

od "Black Lives Matter"

do "arapskog proleća" i "Okupirajmo Volstrit".

The organizers of these movements and the members of these movements

Organizatori ovih pokreta i članovi ovih pokreta

increasingly communicate and coordinate with smartphones.

sve više komuniciraju i koordinišu pomoću pametnih telefona.

And so, naturally governments that feel threatened by these movements

I tako, vlade koje se osećaju ugroženo od strane ovih pokreta

will also target the organizers and their smartphones.

će takođe ciljati organizatore i njihove pametne telefone.

Now, it's quite possible

Sada, veoma je moguće

that a future Martin Luther King or a Mandela or a Gandhi

da će budući Martin Luter King ili Mandela ili Gandi

will have an iPhone and be protected from government surveillance.

imati ajfon i biti zaštićeni od prismotre vlade.

But chances are,

Ali sve su šanse

they'll probably have a cheap, $20 Android phone in their pocket.

da će imati jeftini Android telefon od 20 dolara u svojim džepovima.

And so if we do nothing to address the digital security divide,

I tako da, ako ne preduzmemo ništa da rešimo podelu digitalne bezbednosti,

if we do nothing to ensure that everyone in our society

ako ne preduzmemo ništa da obezbedimo da svako u našem društvu

gets the same benefits of encryption

dobija istu korist šifrovanja

and is equally able to protect themselves from surveillance by the state,

i bude jednako u mogućnosti da se zaštiti od prismotre države,

not only will the poor and vulnerable be exposed to surveillance,

ne samo da će siromašni i ranjivi biti izloženi prismotri,

but future civil rights movements may be crushed

već bi budući pokreti za građanska prava mogli biti uništeni

before they ever reach their full potential.

pre nego što dostignu svoj puni potencijal.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

Helen Walters: Chris, thank you so much.

Helen Volters: Krise, hvala ti puno.

I have a question for you.

Imam pitanje za tebe.

We saw recently in the press

Skoro smo videli u štampi

that Mark Zuckerberg from Facebook covers over his camera

da Mark Cukerberg iz Fejsbuka prekriva svoju kameru

and does something with his headphone mic jack.

i radi nešto sa svojim priključkom za slušalice sa mikrofonom.

So I wanted to ask you a personal question, which is:

Pa sam želela da te pitam lično pitanje, a to je:

Do you do that?

radiš li ti to?

And, on behalf of everyone here, particularly myself,

I, u ime svih prisutnih, pogotovo mene,

Should we be doing that?

treba li mi da radimo to?

Should we be covering these things?

Treba li da prekrivamo ove stvari?

Christopher Soghoian: Putting a sticker -- actually, I like Band-Aids,

Kristofer Sogojan: Stavljanje nalepnice - zapravo, ja volim flastere,

because you can remove them and put them back on

jer ih možete ukloniti i vratiti nazad

kad god želite da pozovete nekoga redovno ili preko Skajpa.

whenever you want to make a call or a Skype call.

Putting a sticker over your web cam

Stavljanje nalepnice preko vaše web kamere

is probably the best thing you can do for your privacy

je verovatno najbolja stvar koju možete uraditi za vašu privatnost

in terms of bang for buck.

u smislu toga da dobijate mnogo za uloženi novac.

There really is malware, malicious software out there

Zaista postoji malver, maliciozan softver

that can take over your web cam,

koji može da preuzme vašu kameru u svoje ruke,

even without the light turning on.

a da se lampica i ne uključi.

This is used by criminals. This is used by stalkers.

Ovo koriste kriminalci. Ovo koriste lovci.

You can buy $19.99 "spy on your ex-girlfriend" software online.

Možete kupiti softver "za špijuniranje svoje devojke" za 20 dolara.

It's really terrifying.

Veoma je zastrašujući.

And then, of course, it's used by governments.

I onda, naravno, to koriste vlade.

And there's obviously a sexual violence component to this,

Očigledno postoji komponenta seksualnog nasilja u ovome,

which is that this kind of surveillance can be used most effectively

a to je da se ova vrsta prismotre najefektivnije može koristiti

against women and other people who can be shamed in our society.

protiv žena i drugih ljudi koji se mogu sramotiti u našem društvu.

Even if you think you have nothing to hide,

Čak iako mislite da nemate šta da krijete,

at the very least, if you have children, teenagers in your lives,

barem, ako imate decu, tinejdžere,

postarajte se da ste stavili nalepnicu na njihovu kameru i zaštitili ih.

make sure you put a sticker on their camera and protect them.

HW: Wow. Thank you so much. CS: Thank you.

HV: Hvala ti puno. KS: Hvala.

HW: Thanks, Chris.

HV: Hvala Krise.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)