Your smartphone is a civil rights issue | Christopher Soghoian

Translator: Roberto Beltrán Reviewer: Serv. de Norm. Lingüística U. de Santiago de Compostela

In the spring of 2016,

Na primavera de 2016,

unha batalla legal entre Apple e o FBI

a legal battle between Apple and the Federal Bureau of Investigation

captured the world's attention.

atraeu a atención do mundo.

Apple has built security features into its mobile products

Apple construíu funcións de seguridade nos seus produtos móbiles

which protect data on its devices from everyone but the owner.

que protexen a información dos dispositvos contra calquera persoa agás o dono.

That means that criminals, hackers and yes, even governments

Iso significa que delincuentes, hackers e, si, incluso o goberno

are all locked out.

teñen o acceso broqueado.

For Apple's customers, this is a great thing.

Para os clientes de Apple é unha gran cousa.

But governments are not so happy.

Pero os gobernos non están tan felices.

Apple tomou unha decisión consciente

You see, Apple has made a conscious decision

to get out of the surveillance business.

para eludir o negocio da vixilancia.

Apple intentou facer a vixilancia tan dificil como fose posible

Apple has tried to make surveillance as difficult as possible

for governments and any other actors.

para os gobernos e outros actores.

There are really two smartphone operating systems

En realidade, hai dous sistemas operativos

no mercado global dos teléfonos intelixentes:

in the global smartphone market:

iOS and Android.

iOS e Android.

iOS is made by Apple. Android is made by Google.

iOs desenvolveuno Apple. Android desenvolveuno Google.

Apple has spent a lot of time and money

Apple gastou moito tempo e diñeiro

to make sure that its products are as secure as possible.

en asegurarse de que o seu produto fose tan seguro como fose posible.

Apple encrypts all data stored on iPhones by default,

Apple encripta por defecto toda a información gardada nos iPhones;

and text messages sent from one Apple customer to another Apple customer

e os mensaxes de texto enviados entre os seus clidentes

are encrypted by default

son encriptados por defecto

without the user having to take any actions.

sen que o usuario faga cousa ningunha.

What this means is that,

O que isto significa é que,

if the police seize an iPhone and it has a password,

se a policia incauta un iPhone e este ten un contrasinal,

they'll have a difficult time getting any data off of it,

pasarán uns días difíciles para extraer calquera información del,

if they can do it at all.

no caso de que o consigan.

In contrast, the security of Android just really isn't as good.

Pola contra, a seguridade de Android non é tan boa.

Android phones, or at least most of the Android phones

Os teléfonos Android, ou polo menos a maioria

that have been sold to consumers,

dos vendioos aos consumidores,

non encriptan por defecto a información gardada no dispositivo,

do not encrypt data stored on the device by default,

e a aplicación de mensaxes que Android incorpora non usa encriptación.

and the built-in text messaging app in Android does not use encryption.

So if the police seize an Android phone,

Así que se a policia incauta un teléfono Android,

chances are, they'll be able to get all the data they want

o máis probable é que poida obter toda a información

off of that device.

que queira do dispositivo.

Two smartphones

Dous teléfonos intelixentes

from two of the biggest companies in the world;

de dúas das empresas máis grandes do mundo;

one that protects data by default,

unha que protexe a información por defecto

and one that doesn't.

e outra que non o fai.

Apple is a seller of luxury goods.

Apple é un vendedor de artigos de luxo.

Domina a gama alta do mercado.

It dominates the high end of the market.

And we would expect a manufacturer of luxury goods to have products

E sería de esperar que un fabricante de artigos de luxo tivese produtos

que incluísen máis características.

that include more features.

But not everyone can afford an iPhone.

Pero non todo o mundo pode permitirse un iPhone.

That's where Android really, really dominates:

Aí é onde Android realmente domina:

at the middle and low end of the market,

as gamas media e baixa do mercado,

teléfonos intelixentes para os mil cincocentos millóns de persoas

smartphones for the billion and a half people

que non poden ou non gastarán

who cannot or will not spend

600 dollars on a phone.

600 dólares nun telefono.

But the dominance of Android has led to what I call

Pero o dominio de Android leva ao que eu chamo

a "fenda de seguridade dixital".

the "digital security divide."

That is, there is now increasingly a gap

É dicir, agora mesmo hai unha distancia crecente

between the privacy and security of the rich,

entre a privacidade e a seguridade dos ricos,

who can afford devices that secure their data by default,

cuxos dispositivos aseguran a información por defecto,

e a dos pobres,

and of the poor,

whose devices do very little to protect them by default.

cuxos dispositivos, por defecto, fan pouco por protexelos.

So, think of the average Apple customer:

Entón, pensade no cliente medio de Apple:

un banqueiro, un avogado, un médico, un político.

a banker, a lawyer, a doctor, a politician.

These individuals now increasingly have smartphones in their pockets

Cada vez máis estas persoas teñen nos petos teléfonos

that encrypt their calls, their text messages,

que encriptan as súas chamadas, as súas mensaxes,

toda a información do aparello,

all the data on the device,

without them doing really anything to secure their information.

sen que eles fagan nada para asegurar a súa información

In contrast, the poor and the most vulnerable in our societies

Pola contra, os pobres e os máis vulnerables na nosa sociedade

are using devices that leave them completely vulnerable to surveillance.

usan dispositivos que os deixan completamente expostos á vixilancia.

Nos EE.UU., onde vivo,

In the United States, where I live,

os afroamericanos teñen máis risco de ser vistos como sospeitosos

African-Americans are more likely to be seen as suspicious

ou de seren identificados,

or more likely to be profiled,

and are more likely to be targeted by the state with surveillance.

e teñen máis risco de ser obxectivo de vixilancia por parte do Goberno.

Pero os afroamericanos tenden tamén desproporcionadamente

But African-Americans are also disproportionately likely

to use Android devices that do nothing at all

a usar aparellos con Android, que non fai nada en absoluto

to protect them from that surveillance.

para protexelos da vixilancia.

This is a problem.

Éste é o problema.

We must remember that surveillance is a tool.

Debemos recordar que a vixilancia é unha ferramenta.

It's a tool used by those in power

É unha ferramenta usada polos poderosos

against those who have no power.

contra quen non ten poder.

E mentres eu penso que é realmente bo

And while I think it's absolutely great

that companies like Apple are making it easy for people to encrypt,

que compañias como Apple lle faciliten á xente encriptar,

if the only people who can protect themselves

se as únicas persoas que poden protexerse

from the gaze of the government

da espionaxe do Goberno

are the rich and powerful,

son os ricos e poderosos,

that's a problem.

temos un problema.

And it's not just a privacy or a cybersecurity problem.

E non é so un problema de privacidade ou ciberseguridade.

It's a civil rights problem.

É un problema de dereitos civís.

So the lack of default security in Android

Así que a falta de seguridade por defecto de Android

is not just a problem for the poor and vulnerable users

non é só un problema para os usuarios pobres e vulnerables

que dependen destes dispositivos.

who are depending on these devices.

This is actually a problem for our democracy.

En realidade é un problema para a nosa democracia

I'll explain what I mean.

Explicarei o que quero dicir.

Modern social movements rely on technology --

Os movementos sociais modernos dependen da tecnoloxía

from Black Lives Matter to the Arab Spring to Occupy Wall Street.

dende Black Lives Matter á Primavera Árabe ou a Occupy Wall Street.

The organizers of these movements and the members of these movements

Os organizadores destes movementos e os membros destes movementos

increasingly communicate and coordinate with smartphones.

comunícanse e coordínanse cada vez máis con teléfonos intelixentes.

And so, naturally governments that feel threatened by these movements

E naturalmente os gobernos que se senten ameazados por estes movementos

will also target the organizers and their smartphones.

poñerán no seu punto de mira aos organizadores e aos seus teléfonos.

Now, it's quite possible

Entón, é bastante posible

that a future Martin Luther King or a Mandela or a Gandhi

que un futuro Martin Luther King ou un Mandela ou un Gandhi

will have an iPhone and be protected from government surveillance.

teña un iPhone e estea protexido da vixiancia do Goberno.

Pero hai moitas máis probabilidades

But chances are,

they'll probably have a cheap, $20 Android phone in their pocket.

de que teñan nos seus petos un teléfono barato, de 20$, con Android.

And so if we do nothing to address the digital security divide,

Polo tanto se non facemos nada por abordar a fenda de seguridade dixital,

if we do nothing to ensure that everyone in our society

se non facemos nada para asegurar que todo o mundo na nosa sociedade

ten os mesmos beneficios de encriptación

gets the same benefits of encryption

and is equally able to protect themselves from surveillance by the state,

e pode protexerse da mesma maneira da vixilancia do Estado,

non só os pobres e vulnerables estarán expostos á vixilancia,

not only will the poor and vulnerable be exposed to surveillance,

senon que futuros movementos de dereitos civís poderán ser destruídos

but future civil rights movements may be crushed

before they ever reach their full potential.

antes incluso de que acaden o seu máximo potencial.

Thank you.

Grazas.

(Aplausos)

(Applause)

Helen Walters: Chris, thank you so much.

Helen Walters: Chris, moitas grazas.

I have a question for you.

Teño unha pregunta pra ti.

We saw recently in the press

Vimos hai pouco na prensa

that Mark Zuckerberg from Facebook covers over his camera

que Mark Zuckerberg de Facebook cobre a súa cámara

and does something with his headphone mic jack.

e fai algo co micrófono do seu auricular.

So I wanted to ask you a personal question, which is:

Por iso querría facerche unha pregunta persoal:

Do you do that?

Ti tamén o fas?

And, on behalf of everyone here, particularly myself,

E, de parte de todos, particularmente de min,

Should we be doing that?

deberiamos facelo nós?

Should we be covering these things?

Deberiamos tapar esas cousas?

Christopher Soghoian: Putting a sticker -- actually, I like Band-Aids,

Christopher Soghoian: Poñer un adhesivo --en realidade, eu prefiro apósitos

because you can remove them and put them back on

porque podes quitalos e volvelos poñer

cando queras facer unha chamada ou usar Skype--.

whenever you want to make a call or a Skype call.

Putting a sticker over your web cam

Poñer unha pegatina na cámara web

is probably the best thing you can do for your privacy

é posiblemente o mellor que podes facer pola túa privacidade

in terms of bang for buck.

en termos de prezo-calidade.

There really is malware, malicious software out there

Hai software malicioso, programas por aí adiante

that can take over your web cam,

que poden controlar a túa cámara web,

even without the light turning on.

incluso sen prender o piloto luminoso.

Úsanos criminais. Úsanos acosadores.

This is used by criminals. This is used by stalkers.

You can buy $19.99 "spy on your ex-girlfriend" software online.

Podes comprar un software online de "espía a túa ex-moza" por 19,99$.

It's really terrifying.

É realmente terrorífico.

And then, of course, it's used by governments.

E, por suposto, úsano os gobernos.

E obviamente hai un compoñente de violencia sexual nisto,

And there's obviously a sexual violence component to this,

which is that this kind of surveillance can be used most effectively

polo que este tipo de vixilancia poder ser usada con máis efectividade

against women and other people who can be shamed in our society.

contra mulleres e outras persoas que poden ser avergonzadas na nosa sociedade.

Even if you think you have nothing to hide,

Incluso se pensas que non tes nada que esconder,

at the very least, if you have children, teenagers in your lives,

polo menos, se tes fillos, rapaces na túa vida,

asegúrate de poñer un adhesivo na camara e protexelos.

make sure you put a sticker on their camera and protect them.

HW: Uau. Moitas grazas. CS: Grazas a ti.

HW: Wow. Thank you so much. CS: Thank you.

HW: Thanks, Chris.

HW: Grazas, Chris.

(Applause)

(Aplausos)