Can Exercise Actually "Boost" Your Metabolism? | Body Stuff with Dr. Jen Gunter | TED

274,405 views ・ 2022-10-12

TED


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00:00
We often hear that exercise can help with weight loss
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Prevodilac: Una Kavazović Lektor: Milenka Okuka
Često čujemo da vežbanje može pomoći sa gubitkom težine
00:02
by speeding up or boosting our metabolism.
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jer ubrzava ili pojačava naš metabolizam.
00:05
So is it true?
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Pa, da li je ovo istina?
00:06
Can we use exercise to control our metabolism?
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Da li možemo koristiti vežbanje da kontrolišemo naš metabolizam?
00:10
[Body Stuff with Dr. Jen Gunter]
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[„Body Stuff” sa dr Džen Ganter]
00:14
To answer that question,
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Kako bismo dali odgovor,
00:15
we have to first dig deeper into what metabolism is.
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moramo prvo dublje istražiti šta je to metabolizam.
00:19
No surprise, metabolism is really complex,
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Neiznenađujuće, metabolizam je kompleksan,
00:23
and scientists and researchers are still discovering many new things about it.
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i naučnici i istraživači još uvek otkrivaju mnoge nove stvari o njemu.
00:28
Very simply,
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Jednostavno rečeno,
00:29
metabolism is the set of chemical reactions in every cell of our body
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metabolizam je skup hemijskih reakcija u svakoj ćeliji našeg tela
00:33
that harnesses energy to keep us alive.
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koje koriste energiju da nas održe živima.
00:36
So much of what happens in our bodies is metabolism,
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Veliki broj stvari koje se dešavaju u našem telu je metabolizam,
00:40
making new cells is metabolism, growing hair is metabolism,
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stvaranje novih ćelija je metabolizam, rast kose je metabolizam,
00:43
and converting food into energy is metabolism.
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i pretvaranje hrane u energiju je metabolizam.
00:47
The sum total energy of all the metabolic processes
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Ukupan zbir energije svih metaboličkih procesa
00:51
that occur throughout our body is measured in calories.
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koji se odigravaju u našem telu se računa u kalorijama.
00:54
And surprisingly,
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I iznenađujuće,
00:56
exercise is usually a small percentage of our daily calorie burn.
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vežbanje je obično mali procenat našeg dnevnog sagorevanja kalorija.
01:00
Unless you're a professional athlete,
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Osim ako niste profesionalni sportista,
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most of our calorie expenditure is accounted for
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većina naše kalorijske potrošnje je povezana
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by our basal metabolic rate.
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sa našim bazalnim metabolizmom.
01:08
All the vital stuff we need to function, like having a heartbeat, growing hair,
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Sve bitne stvari zbog kojih funkcionišemo, kao što je otkucaj srca, rast kose,
01:12
building cells and even blinking.
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stvaranje ćelija ili čak treptanje.
01:15
That stuff takes up a big chunk of our energy.
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Ove stvari uzimaju veliki deo naše energije.
01:18
So can we hack this equation in some way?
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Možemo li nekako promeniti ovu jednačinu?
01:21
Can we use exercise to speed up our metabolism
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Možemo li koristiti vežbanje da ubrzamo naš metabolizam
01:24
so we burn more energy?
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kako bismo sagoreli više energije?
01:26
Can we burn even more calories?
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Možemo li sagoreti još više kalorija?
01:28
Not just doing burpees,
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Ne samo dok radimo „legionare”,
01:29
but while we're growing an eyelash, than before?
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već i dok nam rastu trepavice, više nego pre?
01:32
The answer is no.
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Odgovor je ne.
01:34
First of all,
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Pre svega,
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this is a misunderstanding of what fast versus slow metabolism really indicates.
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ovo je nesporazum vezan za to na šta brz, a na šta spor metabolizam zapravo ukazuju.
01:41
There's no clear link between thinner people and fast metabolism,
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Ne postoji jasna veza između mršavijih ljudi i brzog metabolizma,
01:46
and the same goes for larger people and slow metabolism.
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a isto važi i za krupnije ljude i spor metabolizam.
01:50
In fact, if you look at the absolute numbers,
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Zapravo, ako pogledate apsolutne vrednosti,
01:53
people with larger bodies have faster metabolisms,
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ljudi sa krupnijim telima imaju brži metabolizam,
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meaning they burn more calories because larger bodies have more cells,
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što znači da sagorevaju više kalorija jer krupnija tela imaju više ćelija,
02:02
which in turn are doing more to sustain the body.
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koje zauzvrat rade više kako bi održavale telo.
02:05
Now, differences in metabolism between people with similar body sizes do exist,
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Razlike u metabolizmu između ljudi sa sličnom fizičkom građom postoje,
02:11
but the difference between fast metabolism and slow metabolism
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ali razlika između brzog i sporog metabolizma
02:15
can be about 300 calories.
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može biti oko 300 kalorija.
02:17
That’s like two apples and a banana.
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To je otprilike kao dve jabuke i banana.
02:20
How fast our metabolism works is mostly genetic
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Koliko brzo naš metabolizam radi je uglavnom bazirano na genetici
02:24
and related to body size, but there's also age.
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i vezano za veličinu tela, ali takođe i za starosnu dob.
02:27
Our metabolic rate changes a few times over our lifespan.
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Naš bazalni metabolizam se menja nekoliko puta tokom našeg života.
02:31
We start with the metabolic rate of an infant.
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Započinjemo sa metabolizmom novorođenčeta.
02:33
Then there is a switch when we are toddlers,
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Onda dolazi do promene kada smo deca,
02:35
and then it’s pretty stable during adulthood to age 60,
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a zatim je prilično stabilno dok smo odrasle osobe do 60. godine,
02:39
when it changes again.
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kada se opet menja.
02:41
Researchers evaluated the Hadza,
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Istraživači su procenjivali pleme Hadža,
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a group of people in Tanzania
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grupu ljudi u Tanzaniji,
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who live a traditional hunter gatherer lifestyle.
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koji žive tradicionalnim životom lovaca-sakupljača.
02:48
And yet, when you control for body size and age,
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Ipak, uzimajući u obzir veličinu tela i starosnu dob,
02:51
they burn a similar amount of calories a day
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oni sagorevaju sličnu količinu kalorija dnevno
02:54
as an average American adult.
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kao prosečna odrasla osoba u Americi.
02:56
It seems that calories out is a pretty fixed number,
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Čini se da je potrošnja kalorija prilično fiksna suma,
02:59
and it appears that our bodies have limits.
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i izgleda da naše telo ima svoje granice.
03:03
If we exercise harder, at first we may expend more energy,
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Ako vežbamo više, možda isprva potrošimo više energije,
03:06
but over time,
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ali tokom vremena,
03:07
our metabolism will find ways to conserve.
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naš metabolizam će naći način da je očuva.
03:10
Here's what I'm getting at.
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Evo šta pokušavam da kažem.
03:12
The point of our metabolic system is to manage energy,
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Poenta našeg metaboličkog sistema je da upravlja energijom,
03:15
not to manage weight.
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ne da upravlja težinom.
03:17
So if you read an article
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Tako da ako pročitate neki članak
03:19
or hear a so-called expert inviting you to boost your metabolism,
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ili vas neki takozvani ekspert poziva da pojačate vaš metabolizam,
03:24
remember that’s just marketing speak rooted in a weight loss culture.
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setite se da je to samo marketing ukorenjen u kulturi mršavljenja.
03:28
And it just isn’t true.
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I prosto nije istinit.
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