Connected, but alone? | Sherry Turkle

2,025,797 views ใƒป 2012-04-03

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Woo Hwang ๊ฒ€ํ† : Mayyul Cho
00:15
Just a moment ago,
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ „์—,
00:17
my daughter Rebecca texted me for good luck.
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์ œ ๋”ธ ๋ ˆ๋ฒ ์นด๊ฐ€ ์‘์›์˜ ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์ฃ .
00:21
Her text said,
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๋”ธ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ž๋Š”,
00:23
"Mom, you will rock."
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"์—„๋งˆ, ์™„์ „ ๋ฉ‹์งˆ๊ฑฐ์•ผ"
00:26
I love this.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ข‹์•„์š”.
00:28
Getting that text
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฑด
00:30
was like getting a hug.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ํฌ์˜น์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
00:32
And so there you have it.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:35
I embody
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์—ญ์„ค์„
00:37
the central paradox.
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๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ฃผ๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
I'm a woman
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š”
00:41
who loves getting texts
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์—ฌ์ž์ด์ง€๋งŒ,
00:43
who's going to tell you
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฑด
00:45
that too many of them can be a problem.
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ์žํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
Actually that reminder of my daughter
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋”ธ์˜ ์‘์› ๋ฌธ์ž๊ฐ€
00:51
brings me to the beginning of my story.
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์ œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
00:54
1996, when I gave my first TEDTalk,
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1996๋…„, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์žฌ TED ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
00:58
Rebecca was five years old
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๋ ˆ๋ฒ ์นด๋Š” 5์‚ด ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
01:00
and she was sitting right there
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹œ ์š”์•ž์— ์•ž ์ค„์—
01:02
in the front row.
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์•‰์•„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
I had just written a book
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ์ €๋Š” ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์—์„œ์˜
01:06
that celebrated our life on the internet
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ถ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์ถ•ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฑ…์„ ์ผ๊ณ ,
01:08
and I was about to be on the cover
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์™€์ด์–ด๋“œ(Wired) ์žก์ง€์˜ ์ฒซ ํ‘œ์ง€์—
01:11
of Wired magazine.
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์ œ ์–ผ๊ตด์ด ์‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์ง์ „์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”
01:13
In those heady days,
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๊ทธ ์ •์‹ ์—†๋˜ ์‹œ์ ˆ์—๋Š”,
01:15
we were experimenting
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ฑ„ํŒ…๋ฐฉ๊ณผ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„
01:17
with chat rooms and online virtual communities.
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๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:20
We were exploring different aspects of ourselves.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฉด๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
01:24
And then we unplugged.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ์ ‘์†์„ ๋Š์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:26
I was excited.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ปค์–ด์š”.
01:28
And, as a psychologist, what excited me most
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์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž๋กœ์จ, ์ €๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํฅ๋ถ„์‹œํ‚จ ๊ฒƒ์€
01:31
was the idea
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๊ฐ€์ƒ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ
01:33
that we would use what we learned in the virtual world
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„
01:36
about ourselves, about our identity,
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ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์‚ถ์„ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
01:39
to live better lives in the real world.
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ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
01:42
Now fast-forward to 2012.
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2012๋…„์œผ๋กœ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋Œ์•„์™€๋ณด์ฃ .
01:45
I'm back here on the TED stage again.
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ TED ๋ฌด๋Œ€์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์„œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
My daughter's 20. She's a college student.
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์ด์ œ ์ œ ๋”ธ์€ 20์‚ด์ด๊ณ , ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ์ด์ฃ .
01:51
She sleeps with her cellphone,
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๋”ธ์•„์ด๋Š” ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์„ ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ž ์„ ์žก๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
so do I.
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์ €๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ .
01:57
And I've just written a new book,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ฑ…์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ผ์–ด์š”.
02:00
but this time it's not one
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์ฑ…์„ ์“ด ๋•์—
02:03
that will get me on the cover
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์™€์ด์–ด๋“œ ์žก์ง€์˜ ํ‘œ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋กœ
02:05
of Wired magazine.
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์˜ค๋ฅด์ง„ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”.
02:07
So what happened?
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์ž, ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
02:10
I'm still excited by technology,
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์ €๋Š” ์•„์ง๋„ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋ž€ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋งค๋ฃŒ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
02:13
but I believe,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š”
02:15
and I'm here to make the case,
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์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ์—์„œ, ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋ž€ ๊ฒƒ์ด
02:17
that we're letting it take us places
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์›์น˜ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ณณ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ ค๋‹ค
02:19
that we don't want to go.
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๋†“๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
Over the past 15 years,
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์ง€๋‚œ 15๋…„๊ฐ„,
02:23
I've studied technologies of mobile communication
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์ €๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฐ”์ผ ํ†ต์‹  ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
and I've interviewed hundreds and hundreds of people,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
02:29
young and old,
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์ ‘์†์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
02:31
about their plugged in lives.
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์ Š์€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋‚˜, ๋‚˜์ด๋“  ๋ถ„๋“ค๋„ ํฌํ•จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
And what I've found
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€
02:35
is that our little devices,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ ์†์— ์žˆ๋Š”
02:37
those little devices in our pockets,
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์ด ์ž‘์€ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด
02:40
are so psychologically powerful
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์ •์‹ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์ปค์„œ
02:42
that they don't only change what we do,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผํ•  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก 
02:46
they change who we are.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€๋„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
Some of the things we do now with our devices
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
02:51
are things that, only a few years ago,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ํ–‰๋™๋“ค์€
02:54
we would have found odd
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๋ถˆ๊ณผ ๋ช‡๋…„์ „์—๋Š”
02:56
or disturbing,
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์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ณ , ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ์ผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
but they've quickly come to seem familiar,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ–‰๋™๋“ค์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜๋„ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์นœ์ˆ™ํ•ด์ ธ ๋ฒ„๋ ธ์ฃ ,
03:01
just how we do things.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด์ฐŒ ํ•œ๊ฒƒ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
03:03
So just to take some quick examples:
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”:
03:06
People text or do email
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ ํšŒ์˜์ค‘์—
03:08
during corporate board meetings.
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๋ฌธ์ž๋‚˜ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ๋ณด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
They text and shop and go on Facebook
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜์—…์‹œ๊ฐ„, ๋ฐœํ‘œ์‹œ๊ฐ„,
03:14
during classes, during presentations,
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ํšŒ์˜์ค‘์— ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:17
actually during all meetings.
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์‡ผํ•‘ํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์ฃ .
03:19
People talk to me about the important new skill
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌธ์ž ๋ฉ”์„ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š”์ค‘์—
03:22
of making eye contact
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋ˆˆ์„ ์ณ๋‹ค๋ณด๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ
03:24
while you're texting.
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๋งํ•˜๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:28
People explain to me
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ์–ด๋ ต์ง€๋งŒ
03:30
that it's hard, but that it can be done.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์€ ํ•ด๋‚ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณคํ•˜์ฃ .
03:33
Parents text and do email
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์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์•„์นจ์‹์‚ฌ๋‚˜
03:35
at breakfast and at dinner
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์ €๋…์‹์‚ฌ์ค‘์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ 
03:37
while their children complain
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๋ถˆํ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„
03:40
about not having their parents' full attention.
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ž๋‚˜ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ๋ณด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
But then these same children
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆํ‰ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค๋„
03:44
deny each other their full attention.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ฐ„์˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:47
This is a recent shot
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์€
03:49
of my daughter and her friends
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์ œ ๋”ธ๊ณผ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด
03:52
being together
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
03:54
while not being together.
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๊ฐ์ž ๋”ฐ๋กœ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
And we even text at funerals.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์žฅ๋ก€์‹์—์„œ ์กฐ์ฐจ๋„ ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
I study this.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฑธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ–ˆ์ฃ .
04:01
We remove ourselves
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
04:03
from our grief or from our revery
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์• ํ†ตํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฌต๋…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ 
04:05
and we go into our phones.
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์ „ํ™”๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ง‘์–ด๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
Why does this matter?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ–‰๋™์ด ์™œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
04:10
It matters to me
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ„๋ช… ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
because I think we're setting ourselves up for trouble --
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ณค๊ฒฝ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ . --
04:15
trouble certainly
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ณค๊ฒฝ์€
04:17
in how we relate to each other,
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์„œ๋กœ์„œ๋กœ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ ,
04:19
but also trouble
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹  ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์™€
04:21
in how we relate to ourselves
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์ž๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ฑ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ
04:24
and our capacity for self-reflection.
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์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
We're getting used to a new way
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์™ธ๋กœ์›Œ์ง€๋Š”
04:29
of being alone together.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ ธ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
People want to be with each other,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ณ 
04:34
but also elsewhere --
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์–ด๋””์—์„œ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ์ฃ . --
04:36
connected to all the different places they want to be.
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์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ๋„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:39
People want to customize their lives.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ์ž์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
They want to go in and out of all the places they are
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์žฅ์†Œ์— ๋“ค๋ฝ๋‚ ๋ฝํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:45
because the thing that matters most to them
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ผ๋“ค์€
04:47
is control over where they put their attention.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ง‘์ค‘์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
So you want to go to that board meeting,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ํšŒ์˜์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„,
04:54
but you only want to pay attention
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํฅ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์•ˆ์—๋งŒ
04:56
to the bits that interest you.
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์ง‘์ค‘์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
And some people think that's a good thing.
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์–ด๋–ค๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
But you can end up
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ฒŒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์—๊ฒŒ
05:03
hiding from each other,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์—ˆ์„์ง€๋ผ๋„
05:05
even as we're all constantly connected to each other.
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์ž์‹ ์„ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ˆจ๊ธฐ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•˜์ฃ ,
05:08
A 50-year-old business man
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50์„ธ์˜ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์—…๊ฐ€๋ถ„์ด
05:10
lamented to me
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์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ์ž์‹ ์€ ๋”์ด์ƒ ๋™๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ 
05:12
that he feels he doesn't have colleagues anymore at work.
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ ํ•œํƒ„์„ ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
When he goes to work, he doesn't stop by to talk to anybody,
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๊ทธ๋ถ„์€ ์ง์žฅ์—๊ฐ€์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
05:18
he doesn't call.
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์ „ํ™”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
And he says he doesn't want to interrupt his colleagues
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๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
05:23
because, he says, "They're too busy on their email."
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ง์žฅ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ๋ณด๋Š๋ผ ์ •์‹  ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
But then he stops himself
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ž์ œํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”
05:28
and he says, "You know, I'm not telling you the truth.
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"์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
05:30
I'm the one who doesn't want to be interrupted.
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"์ €๋„ ๋ฐฉํ•ด ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ค‘์— ํ•œ๋ช…์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”."
05:33
I think I should want to,
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"์ €๋Š” ์ œ ๋ธ”๋ž™๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ(ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ)๋กœ"
05:35
but actually I'd rather just do things on my Blackberry."
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"๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์„๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
05:39
Across the generations,
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๋‚˜์ด๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋ฌธํ•˜๊ณ 
05:41
I see that people can't get enough of each other,
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์ €๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์–ด
05:45
if and only if
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๋งŒ๋‚จ์„ ๋ง˜๋Œ€๋กœ ์กฐ์ข…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ
05:47
they can have each other at a distance,
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์•”๋งŒ ์‹ค์ปจ ์‚ฌ๊ท€์–ด๋„ ๋์ด์—†๋Š”
05:50
in amounts they can control.
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๊ด€๊ณ„๋“ค์„ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•ด์™”์๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
I call it the Goldilocks effect:
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฑธ ๊ณจ๋””๋ฝ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”:
05:55
not too close, not too far,
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฐ€๊น์ง€๋„ ์•Š๊ณ , ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฉ€์ง€๋„ ์•Š๊ณ ,
05:58
just right.
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๋”ฑ ์ ๋‹นํ•  ๋งŒํผ๋งŒ์š”.
06:00
But what might feel just right
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์ค‘๋…„์˜ ์‚ฌ์—…๊ฐ€๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ
06:02
for that middle-aged executive
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๋”ฑ ์ ๋‹นํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด
06:04
can be a problem for an adolescent
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์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋งž๋Œ€๊ณ  ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผํ•˜๋Š”
06:06
who needs to develop face-to-face relationships.
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์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์ผ์ˆ˜์žˆ์๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
An 18-year-old boy
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๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š”
06:12
who uses texting for almost everything
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18์„ธ ์†Œ๋…„์ด
06:15
says to me wistfully,
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๋‹ค์†Œ ๋™๊ฒฝ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
06:17
"Someday, someday,
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"์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€๋Š”, ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€๋Š”"
06:20
but certainly not now,
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"ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ตฌ์š”."
06:22
I'd like to learn how to have a conversation."
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"๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”."
06:26
When I ask people
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
06:28
"What's wrong with having a conversation?"
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"๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์œผ๋ฉด,
06:31
People say, "I'll tell you what's wrong with having a conversation.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:35
It takes place in real time
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"๋Œ€ํ™”๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ฃ ."
06:38
and you can't control what you're going to say."
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"๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ง์„ ์ œ์–ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š”๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
06:42
So that's the bottom line.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
Texting, email, posting,
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ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ž, ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ, ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํŒ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ,
06:47
all of these things
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด
06:49
let us present the self as we want to be.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
We get to edit,
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์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๊ณ ,
06:54
and that means we get to delete,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์‚ญ์ œ๋„ ๋˜๊ณ ,
06:57
and that means we get to retouch,
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๊พธ๋ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
07:00
the face, the voice,
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์–ผ๊ตด๋„, ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋„,
07:02
the flesh, the body --
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์œก์ฒด์™€ ๋ชธ๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ . --
07:04
not too little, not too much,
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๋งŽ์ง€๋„ ์ ์ง€๋„ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋ง์ด์ฃ ,
07:07
just right.
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๋”ฑ ๋งž๊ฒŒ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
07:09
Human relationships
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์ธ๊ฐ„ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ž€
07:11
are rich and they're messy
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๋ฌด๊ถ๋ฌด์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณต์žกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:13
and they're demanding.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํž˜๋“  ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
And we clean them up with technology.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ ์ง€์ €๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋“ค์„ ์น˜์›Œ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
And when we do,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ •๋ˆ์ •๋ฆฌ ํ• ๋•Œ,
07:20
one of the things that can happen
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์ผ์–ด๋‚  ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€
07:22
is that we sacrifice conversation
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
07:24
for mere connection.
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๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํฌ์ƒํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
We short-change ourselves.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋นš์„ ์ง„๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
And over time,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ๋ฅด๋ฉด์„œ,
07:31
we seem to forget this,
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
07:33
or we seem to stop caring.
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์‹ ๊ฒฝ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋œ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
07:36
I was caught off guard
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์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธ ์ฝœ๋ฒ„ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ
07:40
when Stephen Colbert
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๊นŠ์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ–ˆ์„๋•Œ
07:42
asked me a profound question,
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์ €๋Š” ๋†€๋žฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
07:46
a profound question.
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๊ทธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€,
07:49
He said, "Don't all those little tweets,
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"์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ํŠธ์œ„ํŠธํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ,
07:55
don't all those little sips
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์ฐ”๋”์ฐ”๋” ์–ธ๋ผ์ธ์œผ๋กœ
07:58
of online communication,
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์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„
08:01
add up to one big gulp
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๋‹ค ํ•ฉํ•˜๋ฉด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋ชจ๊ธˆ ๊ฟ€๊บฝ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š”
08:04
of real conversation?"
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์‹ค์ œ ๋Œ€ํ™”์— ๋งž๋จน๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์•„๋…œ์š”?"
08:08
My answer was no,
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์ œ ๋‹ต์€ "์•„๋‹ˆ์š”" ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
they don't add up.
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๋ง์ด ์•ˆ๋˜์ฃ .
08:12
Connecting in sips may work
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์— ์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ์ ‘์†ํ•ด์„œ
08:16
for gathering discrete bits of information,
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๋‹จํŽธ์ ์ธ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ ,
08:20
they may work for saying, "I'm thinking about you,"
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ๋“ค์–ด, "๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
08:24
or even for saying, "I love you," --
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๋˜๋Š” "๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
08:26
I mean, look at how I felt
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ž ๋ฉ”์„ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ œ ๋”ธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›์•˜์„ ๋•Œ,
08:28
when I got that text from my daughter --
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ผˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
08:31
but they don't really work
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ง ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ 
08:33
for learning about each other,
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š”๋ฐ๋Š”
08:35
for really coming to know and understand each other.
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ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:39
And we use conversations with each other
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„
08:43
to learn how to have conversations
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๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ์˜
08:45
with ourselves.
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๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
So a flight from conversation
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
08:49
can really matter
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๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:51
because it can compromise
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ž๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ฑ์˜
08:53
our capacity for self-reflection.
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๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์ ๋‹นํžˆ ํƒ€ํ˜‘ํ•ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
For kids growing up,
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์ž๋ผ๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด์š”,
08:57
that skill is the bedrock of development.
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๋Œ€ํ™”์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ์„ฑ์žฅ์— ์žˆ์–ด ์ฃผ์š” ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
Over and over I hear,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๋ง์ด,
09:03
"I would rather text than talk."
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"๋งํ•˜๋Š๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ฌธ์žํ• ๋ž˜์š”." ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
And what I'm seeing
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€
09:08
is that people get so used to being short-changed
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‹ค์ œ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ
09:10
out of real conversation,
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์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ ธ ๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ,
09:12
so used to getting by with less,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€์‹คํ•จ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€๋‹ค๋ณด๋‹ˆ,
09:15
that they've become almost willing
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์•„์˜ˆ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ• 
09:17
to dispense with people altogether.
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ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:19
So for example,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ๋“ค์–ด,
09:21
many people share with me this wish,
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์†Œ์›์„ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
09:23
that some day a more advanced version of Siri,
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์• ํ”Œ์˜ ์•„์ดํฐ์— ๋‚ด์žฅ๋œ ์Œ์„ฑ์ธ์‹ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ
09:26
the digital assistant on Apple's iPhone,
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์‹œ๋ฆฌ(Siri)๊ฐ€ ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€๋Š”
09:29
will be more like a best friend,
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์ œ์ผ ์นœํ•œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์ฃ ,
09:31
someone who will listen
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋“ฃ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ,
09:33
when others won't.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋“ค์–ด์ค„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์นœ๊ตฌ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
09:35
I believe this wish
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐ”๋žจ์ด
09:37
reflects a painful truth
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚œ 15๋…„๊ฐ„ ์•Œ์•„์™”๋˜
09:39
that I've learned in the past 15 years.
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๋ถˆํŽธํ•œ ์ง„์‹ค์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
That feeling that no one is listening to me
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋‚ด๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ์ง€์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด
09:46
is very important
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋ฌธ๋ช…์—์˜ ์˜์กด์—
09:48
in our relationships with technology.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:50
That's why it's so appealing
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€๋‚˜
09:52
to have a Facebook page
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ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
09:54
or a Twitter feed --
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ˜ธ์†Œ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ฃ . --
09:56
so many automatic listeners.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ž๋™ ์ฒญ์ทจ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
09:59
And the feeling that no one is listening to me
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋‚ด๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š”
10:02
make us want to spend time
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๋Š๋‚Œ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์จ์ฃผ๋Š”๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€
10:04
with machines that seem to care about us.
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๊ธฐ๊ณ„์™€ ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
We're developing robots,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋กœ๋ด‡์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
10:09
they call them sociable robots,
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์†Œ์…œ ๋กœ๋ด‡์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š”๋ฐ,
10:11
that are specifically designed to be companions --
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋…ธ๋ฆ‡์„์œ„ํ•ด ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ๊ณ ์•ˆ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. --
10:14
to the elderly,
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๋…ธ์ธ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด๋‚˜,
10:16
to our children,
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์•„์ด๋“ค, ๋˜๋Š”
10:18
to us.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
10:20
Have we so lost confidence
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ์ฃผ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์—
10:23
that we will be there for each other?
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์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ์žƒ์–ด ๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”?
10:27
During my research
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š”๋™์•ˆ,
10:29
I worked in nursing homes,
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์–‘๋กœ์›์—์„œ ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
10:31
and I brought in these sociable robots
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋…ธ์ธ๋ถ„๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด
10:34
that were designed to give the elderly
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์ดํ•ด๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„
10:36
the feeling that they were understood.
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์†Œ์…œ ๋กœ๋ด‡๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
And one day I came in
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ”๋”๋‹ˆ
10:41
and a woman who had lost a child
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์•„์ด๋ฅผ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด
10:43
was talking to a robot
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ๋ฐ”๋‹คํ‘œ๋ฒ” ๊ฐ™์ด์ƒ๊ธด
10:45
in the shape of a baby seal.
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๋กœ๋ด‡์—๊ฒŒ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:48
It seemed to be looking in her eyes.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ˆˆ์„ ๋“ค์—ฌ๋‹ค ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•˜์–ด์š”.
10:50
It seemed to be following the conversation.
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๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•˜์–ด์š”.
10:53
It comforted her.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
10:56
And many people found this amazing.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
11:00
But that woman was trying to make sense of her life
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‚ถ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์—†๋Š”
11:05
with a machine that had no experience
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๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋กœ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์„
11:08
of the arc of a human life.
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:11
That robot put on a great show.
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๊ทธ ๋กœ๋ด‡์€ ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ๊ณต์—ฐ์„ ํ–ˆ๋˜๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
11:13
And we're vulnerable.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์—ฐ์•ฝํ•œ ์กด์žฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:15
People experience pretend empathy
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ฐ€์ƒ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์ด์ž…์„ ๋งˆ์น˜ ์‹ค์ œ์ธ๊ฒƒ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
11:18
as though it were the real thing.
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๊ฒฝํ—˜ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:21
So during that moment
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
11:25
when that woman
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๊ทธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด
11:27
was experiencing that pretend empathy,
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๊ฐ€์งœ๊ณต๊ฐ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
11:30
I was thinking, "That robot can't empathize.
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"์ € ๋กœ๋ด‡์€ ๊ณต๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ตฌ๋‚˜"
11:33
It doesn't face death.
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"์ฃฝ์Œ์„ ๋งž์•„ ๋ณธ์ ์ด ์—†์ง€."
11:35
It doesn't know life."
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"์‚ถ์„ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์ง€." ๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
And as that woman took comfort
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๊ทธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ด ๋กœ๋ด‡ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
11:39
in her robot companion,
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์œ„๋กœ๋ฐ›๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ,
11:41
I didn't find it amazing;
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๋Œ€๋‹จํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ,
11:43
I found it one of the most wrenching, complicated moments
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๋Œ€์‹  ์ €์˜ 15๋…„๊ฐ„์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋™์•ˆ
11:47
in my 15 years of work.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น„ํ†ตํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ์๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:51
But when I stepped back,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘˜๋•Œ ์ฏค,
11:53
I felt myself
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ ์ž์‹ ์ด
11:55
at the cold, hard center
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์•„์ฃผ ์ถฅ๊ณ , ๊ณ ๋‚œ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด
11:58
of a perfect storm.
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ํ”ผํ•  ๊ธธ ์—†๋Š” ํญํ’์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋งž๋‹ฅ๋œจ๋ฆฐ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
We expect more from technology
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ๋” ๋ฐ”๋ผ์ง€๋งŒ,
12:03
and less from each other.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์„œ๋กœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋œ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:06
And I ask myself,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:08
"Why have things come to this?"
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"์™œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์„๊นŒ?"
12:11
And I believe it's because
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์ €๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด
12:13
technology appeals to us most
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ๊ณณ์„
12:16
where we are most vulnerable.
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ํŒŒ๊ณ  ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
And we are vulnerable.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ •๋ง ๋‚˜์•ฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:20
We're lonely,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์™ธ๋กœ์šฐ๋ฉด์„œ๋„
12:22
but we're afraid of intimacy.
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์นœ๋ฐ€ํ•จ์„ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
And so from social networks to sociable robots,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์†Œ์…œ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์—์„œ ์†Œ์…œ ๋กœ๋ด‡๊นŒ์ง€
12:27
we're designing technologies
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์„œ๋กœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ์ •์ด๋‚˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ ์ธ ๊ด€๊ณ„์˜ ๋„์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์—†์ด
12:29
that will give us the illusion of companionship
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ํ™˜์ƒ์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š”
12:32
without the demands of friendship.
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„๊ณ ์•ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:34
We turn to technology to help us feel connected
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์กฐ์ ˆํ• ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ
12:37
in ways we can comfortably control.
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์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:40
But we're not so comfortable.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:42
We are not so much in control.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ž˜ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
These days, those phones in our pockets
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์š”์ฆ˜์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์†์— ์žˆ๋Š”
12:48
are changing our minds and hearts
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ „ํ™”๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ๊ณผ ์ •์‹ ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:50
because they offer us
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋“ค์€
12:52
three gratifying fantasies.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์„ธ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ๋งŒ์กฑ์Šค๋Ÿฐ ํ™˜์ƒ์„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
12:54
One, that we can put our attention
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„
12:56
wherever we want it to be;
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์–ด๋””๋ผ๋„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค ์ค„์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค;
12:58
two, that we will always be heard;
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๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š”, ํ•ญ์ƒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ์ฃ ,
13:01
and three, that we will never have to be alone.
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์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š”, ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ํ˜ผ์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฒƒ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Š๊ปด์งˆ๊ป๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:04
And that third idea,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ƒ๊ฐ,
13:06
that we will never have to be alone,
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ˜ผ์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ๋ง์ด์ฃ ,
13:09
is central to changing our psyches.
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์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ •์‹ ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ์ฃผ์š” ์›์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:11
Because the moment that people are alone,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ž ์‹œ๋ผ๋„
13:14
even for a few seconds,
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์™ธ๋กญ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ๋ฉด,
13:16
they become anxious, they panic, they fidget,
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์งœ์ฆ๋‚˜๊ณ , ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ , ์•ˆ์ ˆ๋ถ€์ ˆ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—,
13:19
they reach for a device.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:21
Just think of people at a checkout line
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋Œ€๋‚˜, ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋“ฑ์ด ๋นจ๊ฐ„๋ถˆ ์ผ๋•Œ๋ฅผ
13:23
or at a red light.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
13:25
Being alone feels like a problem that needs to be solved.
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์™ธ๋กœ์šด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผํ•  ๋ฌธ์ œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Š๊ปด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:29
And so people try to solve it by connecting.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ ‘์†ํ•ด์„œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:32
But here, connection
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
13:34
is more like a symptom than a cure.
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์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ผ๊ธฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฆ์ƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:37
It expresses, but it doesn't solve,
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ค‘์š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ
13:40
an underlying problem.
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ํฌํ˜„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:42
But more than a symptom,
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์ฆ์ƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋”ํ•œ๊ฒƒ์€,
13:44
constant connection is changing
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์ง€์†์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์„
13:46
the way people think of themselves.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:48
It's shaping a new way of being.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์กด์žฌ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:51
The best way to describe it is,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์ž˜ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง์ด,
13:53
I share therefore I am.
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณต์œ ํ•œ๋‹ค, ๊ณ ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค." ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:56
We use technology to define ourselves
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ •๋“ค์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
13:59
by sharing our thoughts and feelings
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์ •์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:01
even as we're having them.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
14:03
So before it was:
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์ด์ „์—๋Š”์š”,
14:05
I have a feeling,
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€๋ง์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด,
14:07
I want to make a call.
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์ „ํ™”๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:09
Now it's: I want to have a feeling,
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€, ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์„œ,
14:12
I need to send a text.
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๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:14
The problem with this new regime
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์ด๋Ÿฐ "๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณต์œ ํ•œ๋‹ค, ๊ณ ๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค."๋Š” ์‹์˜
14:17
of "I share therefore I am"
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ฒด๊ณ„์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
14:19
is that, if we don't have connection,
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์†Œ์…œ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด,
14:21
we don't feel like ourselves.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ชป๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:23
We almost don't feel ourselves.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชป๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:25
So what do we do? We connect more and more.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ˜ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”? ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:28
But in the process,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ,
14:30
we set ourselves up to be isolated.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ฆฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:33
How do you get from connection to isolation?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์—์„œ ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐˆ๊นŒ์š”?
14:37
You end up isolated
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์ž๋ฆฝํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด
14:39
if you don't cultivate the capacity for solitude,
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๊ณ ๋…์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ ,
14:41
the ability to be separate,
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ํ˜ผ์ž ์„ค ์šฉ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค์ง€์•Š์œผ๋ฉด
14:44
to gather yourself.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ๋˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:46
Solitude is where you find yourself
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๊ณ ๋…์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ฐพ์„์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
14:49
so that you can reach out to other people
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:51
and form real attachments.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๋ฏฟ์Œ๊ณผ ์• ์ฐฉ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:54
When we don't have the capacity for solitude,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ๋…ํ•  ๋งŒํ•œ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด
14:57
we turn to other people in order to feel less anxious
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๋œ ์ดˆ์กฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
15:00
or in order to feel alive.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:02
When this happens,
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด
15:04
we're not able to appreciate who they are.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ์ง€ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•  ์ค„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
15:07
It's as though we're using them
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋งˆ์น˜
15:09
as spare parts
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๊นจ์ง€๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ์—ฐ์•ฝํ•œ ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
15:11
to support our fragile sense of self.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ถ€์†ํ’ˆ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:14
We slip into thinking that always being connected
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
15:17
is going to make us feel less alone.
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๋œ ์™ธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๋น ์ ธ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:21
But we're at risk,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ์œ„ํ—˜์— ์ฒ˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:23
because actually it's the opposite that's true.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ณผ๋Š” ์ •๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
15:26
If we're not able to be alone,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผ์ž์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด,
15:28
we're going to be more lonely.
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๋”์šฑ ๋” ์™ธ๋กœ์›Œ ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:30
And if we don't teach our children to be alone,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ˜ผ์ž๋จ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
15:33
they're only going to know
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๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ์™ธ๋กœ์›Œ์ง€๋Š”
15:35
how to be lonely.
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๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋งŒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:37
When I spoke at TED in 1996,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ 1996๋…„์— TED ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
15:40
reporting on my studies
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์ดˆ์ฐฝ๊ธฐ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
15:42
of the early virtual communities,
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”, ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:44
I said, "Those who make the most
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"์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ์ƒ์—์„œ "
15:47
of their lives on the screen
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"๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€"
15:49
come to it in a spirit of self-reflection."
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"์ž๊ธฐ์„ฑ์ฐฐ์˜ ์ •์‹ ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
15:52
And that's what I'm calling for here, now:
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
15:55
reflection and, more than that, a conversation
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์„ฑ์ฐฐ, ๊ทธ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋”,
15:58
about where our current use of technology
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด
16:01
may be taking us,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋””๋กœ ์ด๋„๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ™”,
16:03
what it might be costing us.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ํฌ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:05
We're smitten with technology.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ํญ๋น ์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:08
And we're afraid, like young lovers,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‘๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒ˜์Œ ์—ฐ์• ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
16:11
that too much talking might spoil the romance.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ๋ง๋กœ ์—ฐ์• ๋ฅผ ๋ง์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:14
But it's time to talk.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:16
We grew up with digital technology
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž๋ผ์„œ
16:19
and so we see it as all grown up.
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•œ๊ฑธ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:21
But it's not, it's early days.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ง๋„ ์ดˆ๋…„๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:24
There's plenty of time
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”
16:26
for us to reconsider how we use it,
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ• ์ง€,
16:28
how we build it.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:30
I'm not suggesting
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋“ค์„
16:32
that we turn away from our devices,
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์“ฐ์ง€ ๋ง์ž๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
16:34
just that we develop a more self-aware relationship
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์„œ๋กœ์„œ๋กœ๊ฐ€
16:37
with them, with each other
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด
16:39
and with ourselves.
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์ž๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ž๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:42
I see some first steps.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:44
Start thinking of solitude
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๊ณ ๋…์„ ๊ธ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ
16:46
as a good thing.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:48
Make room for it.
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๊ณ ๋…์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
16:50
Find ways to demonstrate this
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์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ๋ ค์ค„ ์žฌ์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ
16:53
as a value to your children.
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๊ณ ๋…์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
16:55
Create sacred spaces at home --
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์ง‘์—์„œ ์„ฑ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. --
16:57
the kitchen, the dining room --
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์ฃผ๋ฐฉ, ๊ฑฐ์‹ค ๋“ฑ ๋ง์ด์ฃ . --
16:59
and reclaim them for conversation.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๊ตํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:02
Do the same thing at work.
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์ง์žฅ์—์„œ๋„ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
17:04
At work, we're so busy communicating
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์ผํ„ฐ์—์„œ, ์„œ๋กœ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ป์„œ
17:06
that we often don't have time to think,
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ข…์ข… ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
17:09
we don't have time to talk,
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๋ญ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ธ์ง€
17:12
about the things that really matter.
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๋งํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:14
Change that.
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๋ฐ”๊พธ์„ธ์š”.
17:16
Most important, we all really need to listen to each other,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ๊ฑด, ์„œ๋กœ์„œ๋กœ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์„ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:20
including to the boring bits.
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์ง€๋ฃจํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์กฐ์ฐจ๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
17:24
Because it's when we stumble
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํœ˜์ฒญ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
17:26
or hesitate or lose our words
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๋ฌด์Šจ๋ง์„ ํ•ด์•ผํ• ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋จธ๋ญ‡๊ฑฐ๋ฆด๋•Œ,
17:29
that we reveal ourselves to each other.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:33
Technology is making a bid
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์„
17:36
to redefine human connection --
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์žฌ์ •์˜ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด์ฃ . --
17:38
how we care for each other,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€,
17:40
how we care for ourselves --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ง์ด์ฃ . --
17:42
but it's also giving us the opportunity
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ
17:44
to affirm our values
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„
17:46
and our direction.
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์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:48
I'm optimistic.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:50
We have everything we need to start.
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์ด์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:53
We have each other.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:55
And we have the greatest chance of success
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚˜์•ฝํ•จ์„ ์•Œ๋ฉด,
17:58
if we recognize our vulnerability.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์€ ์„ฑ๊ณต์˜ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:01
That we listen
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ๊ฑธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
18:03
when technology says
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๋” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ 
18:05
it will take something complicated
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์•ฝ์†ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
18:08
and promises something simpler.
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๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:11
So in my work,
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์ €๋Š” ์ผํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ,
18:13
I hear that life is hard,
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์ธ์ƒ์€ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋“ค์—ˆ์ฃ ,
18:16
relationships are filled with risk.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“์ฐจ๊ตฌ์š”.
18:18
And then there's technology --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.--
18:20
simpler, hopeful,
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ , ํฌ๋ง์ ์ด์ฃ ,
18:22
optimistic, ever-young.
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๊ธ์ •์ ์ด๊ณ , ์˜์›ํ• ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด์ฃ .
18:25
It's like calling in the cavalry.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ๊ตฌ์„ธ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋ฅธ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ฃ .
18:27
An ad campaign promises
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๊ด‘๊ณ  ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์—๋Š”
18:29
that online and with avatars,
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์˜ ์•„๋ฐ”ํƒ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
18:31
you can "Finally, love your friends
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"์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ "
18:35
love your body, love your life,
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"์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ, ์ž์‹ ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ธ์ƒ์„ "
18:38
online and with avatars."
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"์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜์„ธ์š”." ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:41
We're drawn to virtual romance,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์„ธ์ƒ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ
18:43
to computer games that seem like worlds,
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์†์˜ ๊ฐ€์ƒ ๋กœ๋งจ์Šค๋‚˜,
18:46
to the idea that robots, robots,
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๋กœ๋ด‡๋“ค์ด ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š”
18:50
will someday be our true companions.
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์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๋น ์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:53
We spend an evening on the social network
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ˆ ์ง‘์—๊ฐ€์„œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
18:56
instead of going to the pub with friends.
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์†Œ์…œ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:59
But our fantasies of substitution
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ™˜์ƒ์€
19:01
have cost us.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํฌ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:04
Now we all need to focus
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€
19:07
on the many, many ways
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„์งœ ์ธ์ƒ๊ณผ,
19:09
technology can lead us back
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹ ์ฒด,
19:11
to our real lives, our own bodies,
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์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ,
19:14
our own communities,
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์ •์น˜,
19:16
our own politics,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ๋กœ
19:18
our own planet.
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๋Œ๋ ค ๋†“์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:20
They need us.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์„œ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:22
Let's talk about
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„
19:24
how we can use digital technology,
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ™œ์šฉ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค,
19:27
the technology of our dreams,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
19:30
to make this life
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์ธ์ƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
19:32
the life we can love.
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๊ฟˆ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:34
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:36
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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