Joy Sun: Should you donate differently?

115,065 views ・ 2014-10-22

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Jeong-Lan Kinser κ²€ν† : Sunduk Wang
00:12
I suspect that
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μ œκ°€ μΆ”μΈ‘ν•˜κ±΄λ°,
00:14
every aid worker in Africa
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μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ—μ„œ μΌν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” ꡬ호 μš”μ›λ“€μ€
00:16
comes to a time in her career
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일을 ν•˜λŠ” 쀑 ν•œλ²ˆ 쯀은
00:17
when she wants to take all the money for her project β€”
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μžκΈ°κ°€ κΈ°νšν•˜λŠ” ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ λˆμ„ κ°€μ Έκ°€μ„œ-
00:20
maybe it's a school or a training program β€”
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κ΅μœ‘μ΄λ‚˜ νŠΈλ ˆμ΄λ‹ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μΌ μˆ˜λ„ 있죠.
00:24
pack it in a suitcase,
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μ—¬ν–‰ 가방에 λ„£κ³ ,
00:25
get on a plane flying over the poorest villages in the country,
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λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ κ°€λ‚œν•œ λ§ˆμ„ μœ„λ‘œ λ‚˜λ₯΄λŠ” λΉ„ν–‰κΈ°λ₯Ό νƒ€μ„œ,
00:29
and start throwing that money out the window.
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λˆμ„ μ°½λ¬Έ λ°–μœΌλ‘œ λ˜μ§€κ³  싢을 λ•Œκ°€ μžˆμ„κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
00:33
Because to a veteran aid worker,
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄, μƒμ΄μš©μ‚¬ ꡬ호 μš”μ›μ—κ²ŒλŠ”
00:35
the idea of putting cold, hard cash
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κ·Έ 돈 자체λ₯Ό μ§€κ΅¬μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ κ°€λ‚œν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ μ£ΌλŠ” 것이
00:38
into the hands of the poorest people on Earth
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00:41
doesn't sound crazy,
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미친 μ†Œλ¦¬μ²˜λŸΌ λ“€λ¦¬λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ,
00:42
it sounds really satisfying.
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정말 만쑱으러운 것 처럼 λ“€λ¦¬κ±°λ“ μš”.
00:46
I had that moment right about the 10-year mark,
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μ €λŠ” 10년차에 μ ‘μ–΄λ“€λ©΄μ„œ κ·Έ 기뢄을 κ²½ν—˜ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
00:49
and luckily, that's also when I learned
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그리고 λ‹€ν–‰μ΄κ²Œλ„, κ·Έλ•Œ μ œκ°€
00:52
that this idea actually exists,
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이런 아이디어가 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μ‘΄μž¬ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆκ³ ,
00:55
and it might be just what the aid system needs.
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그리고 ꡬ호 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ΄ 정말 ν•„μš”ν•œ κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ” 것도 μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμ£ .
00:59
Economists call it an unconditional cash transfer,
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κ²½μ œν•™μžλ“€μ€ 이것을 무쑰건적인 ν˜„κΈˆμ§€μ›μ΄λΌκ³  ν•˜μ£ .
01:02
and it's exactly that: It's cash given
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말 κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€:
01:04
with no strings attached.
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μ•„λ¬΄λŸ° 쑰건이 없이 μ£ΌλŠ” ν˜„κΈˆμ΄μš”.
01:06
Governments in developing countries
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κ°œλ°œλ„μƒκ΅­μ˜ 정뢀듀은
01:08
have been doing this for decades,
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λͺ‡μ‹­λ…„λ™μ•ˆ 이 일을 ν•΄μ™”μ–΄μš”.
01:10
and it's only now, with more evidence
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μ΄μ œμ•Ό λΉ„λ‘œμ†Œ, λ”μš± 더 λ§Žμ€ 증거와
01:12
and new technology that it's possible
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μ‹ κΈ°μˆ  덕에 μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ
01:15
to make this a model for delivering aid.
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이런 지원을 μœ„ν•œ λͺ¨λΈμ„ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 것이 κ°€λŠ₯ν•΄μ‘Œμ–΄μš”.
01:20
It's a pretty simple idea, right?
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κ½€ μ‹¬ν”Œν•œ 아이디어 μ•„λ‹Œκ°€μš”?
01:23
Well, why did I spend a decade doing other stuff
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그럼, μ €λŠ” μ™œ 10λ…„λ™μ•ˆ κ°€λ‚œν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μœ„ν•΄μ„œ
01:27
for the poor?
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 일을 ν–ˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
01:29
Honestly, I believed that I could do more good
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μ†”μ§νžˆ, μ €λŠ” μ œκ°€ λˆμ„ κ°€μ§€λŠ” 게 κ°€λ‚œν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ
01:32
with money for the poor
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더 도움이 될거라고 λ―Ώμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:34
than the poor could do for themselves.
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κ°€λ‚œν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€ μžμ‹ μ΄ λˆμ„ κ°€μ§€λŠ” 것과 λΉ„κ΅ν•΄μ„œ 말이죠.
01:37
I held two assumptions:
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μ €λŠ” 두가지λ₯Ό μΆ”μ •ν–ˆμ–΄μš”:
01:38
One, that poor people are poor in part
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ν•˜λ‚˜, κ°€λ‚œν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ κ°€λ‚œν•œ 이유의 일뢀가
01:41
because they're uneducated and
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그듀이 κ΅μœ‘μ„ 받지 λͺ»ν•΄μ„œ
01:43
don't make good choices;
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κ²°κ΅­ 쒋은 선택을 ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜λŠ”데 μžˆλ‹€;
01:45
two is that we then need people like me
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λ‘˜, 그럼 λ‚˜ 같은
01:47
to figure out what they need and get it to them.
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κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ 무엇이 ν•„μš”ν•˜κ³  μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 전달해 쀄지 생각할 μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€.
01:51
It turns out, the evidence says otherwise.
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증거가 λ“œλŸ¬λ‚˜ 판λͺ…이 된 λ°”λ‘œλŠ” 그와 λ°˜λŒ€μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:55
In recent years, researchers have been studying
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μ΅œκ·Όμ— 연ꡬ원듀이 κ°€λ‚œν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ
01:58
what happens when we give poor people cash.
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ν˜„κΈˆμ„ μ€„λ•Œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ˜λŠ”μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ 연ꡬλ₯Ό ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:02
Dozens of studies show across the board
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ꡭ경을 μ΄ˆμ›”ν•œ μˆ˜μ‹­κ°œμ˜ 연ꡬ가 λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ” 것은,
02:04
that people use cash transfers
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ ν˜„κΈˆμ§€μ›μœΌλ‘œ
02:07
to improve their own lives.
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μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ 인생을 κ°œμ„ μ‹œν‚¨λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:09
Pregnant women in Uruguay buy better food
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우λ₯΄κ³Όμ΄μ˜ μž„μ‹ ν•œ 여성듀은 더 쒋은 μŒμ‹μ„ 샀고
02:12
and give birth to healthier babies.
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더 κ±΄κ°•ν•œ 아이듀을 λ‚³μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:14
Sri Lankan men invest in their businesses.
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μŠ€λ¦¬λž‘μΉ΄ 남성듀은 μžμ‹ μ˜ 사업에 투자λ₯Ό ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
02:17
Researchers who studied our work in Kenya
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케냐에 이런 일을 μ—°κ΅¬ν•œ 연ꡬ원듀은
02:20
found that people invested in a range of assets,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μžμ‚°μ— νˆ¬μžν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œμ•˜μ£ .
02:23
from livestock to equipment to home improvements,
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κ°€μΆ•κ³Ό μž₯λΉ„μ—μ„œ λΆ€ν„°, μ£Όνƒκ°œμ‘°κΉŒμ§€.
02:27
and they saw increases in income
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μ†Œλ“λ„ μ¦κ°€λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:30
from business and farming
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μ‚¬μ—…μ—μ„œλΆ€ν„° λ†μ—…κΉŒμ§€λ§μ΄μ£ .
02:32
one year after the cash was sent.
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λˆμ„ 보내고 λ‚˜μ„œ 1년이 μ§€λ‚œ ν›„μ˜ κ²°κ³Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:36
None of these studies found that people
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이 μ—°κ΅¬μ€‘μ—μ„œ 단 ν•œκ°œμ˜ 연ꡬ도
02:38
spend more on drinking or smoking
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μˆ κ°’μ΄λ‚˜ 담배값에 투자λ₯Ό 더 ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜,
02:41
or that people work less.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 일을 덜 ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 연ꡬ κ²°κ³Όκ°€ μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:43
In fact, they work more.
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œλŠ” 일을 더 ν•œλ‹΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:47
Now, these are all material needs.
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자, 이것듀은 λͺ¨λ‘ 물질적인 ν•„μˆ˜ν’ˆλ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:50
In Vietnam, elderly recipients used
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λ² νŠΈλ‚¨μ—μ„œλŠ” μ‘°κΈ° μˆ˜λ ΉμΈλ“€μ΄
02:54
their cash transfers to pay for coffins.
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ ν˜„κΈˆμ§€μ›μ„ 관을 μ‚¬λŠ”λ°μ— μΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:58
As someone who wonders if Maslow got it wrong,
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λ§€μŠ¬λ‘œμš°κ°€ 틀렸을 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆκ² λ‹€ν•˜κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμœΌλ‘œμ¨,
03:02
I find this choice to prioritize spiritual needs
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μ €λŠ” 정신적인 μš•κ΅¬λ₯Ό μΆ©μ‘±μ‹œν‚¨ 이 선택이
03:07
deeply humbling.
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μ§„μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ μ €λ₯Ό κ²Έμ†ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:09
I don't know if I would have chosen to give food
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μ €λŠ” μ œκ°€ μŒμ‹μ„ μ£Όμ—ˆμ„μ§€,
03:11
or equipment or coffins,
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μž₯λΉ„λ‚˜ 관을 μ£Όμ—ˆμ„μ§€ λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:15
which begs the question:
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이것이 μ˜λ¬Έμ„ μΌμœΌν‚€μ£ :
03:17
How good are we at allocating resources
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ³Όμ—° κ°€λ‚œν•œ 이듀을 μœ„ν•΄
μžμ›μ„ λΆ„λ°°ν•˜λŠ”λ°μ— μžˆμ–΄μ„œ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ μž˜ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
03:20
on behalf of the poor?
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03:22
Are we worth the cost?
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우리 ꡬ호 μš”μ›λ“€μ€ κ°€κ²©κ°’ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμΌκΉŒμš”?
03:25
Again, we can look at empirical evidence
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λ‹€μ‹œ ν•œλ²ˆ κ²½ν—˜μ— μ˜κ±°ν•œ 증거λ₯Ό μ‚΄ν•„ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:27
on what happens when we give people stuff
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ„ νƒν•œ
03:30
of our choosing.
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물건을 μ£Όμ—ˆμ„λ•Œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” 일듀을 말이죠.
03:32
One very telling study looked at a program in India
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μ–΄λ–€ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” μΈλ„μ—μ„œ ν”νžˆ '울트라'κ°€λ‚œν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ
03:35
that gives livestock to the so-called ultra-poor,
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가좕을 μ£ΌλŠ” ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:39
and they found that 30 percent of recipients
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그듀은 수령자 30%κ°€
03:43
had turned around and sold the livestock they had been given
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그듀이 받은 가좕을 νŒ”μ•„
03:47
for cash.
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ν˜„κΈˆμ„ λ°›μ•˜λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œμ•„λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:50
The real irony is,
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정말 μ•„μ΄λŸ¬λ‹ˆν•œ 것은,
03:52
for every 100 dollars worth of assets
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이 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ΄ 각 μ‚¬λžŒμ—κ²Œ μ€€
03:54
this program gave someone,
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100λ‹¬λŸ¬ μ–΄μΉ˜μ˜ μžμ‚°μ„ μ£Όμ—ˆμ„λ•Œ
03:56
they spent another 99 dollars to do it.
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99λ‹¬λŸ¬λ₯Ό μ†ŒλΉ„ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:01
What if, instead, we use technology to put cash,
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λ§Œμ•½ 이 λŒ€μ‹ μ—, κΈ°μˆ μ„ μ΄μš©ν•΄μ„œ
ꡬ호 μ—μ΄μ „μ‹œλ‚˜ μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œλ‘œλΆ€ν„° ν˜„κΈˆμ„ 직접 κ°€λ‚œν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμ—κ²Œ μ€€λ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
04:05
whether from aid agencies or from any one of us
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04:09
directly into a poor person's hands.
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04:13
Today, three in four Kenyans use mobile money,
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ , 케냐인 λ„€λͺ… 쀑 μ„Έλͺ…이 λͺ¨λ°”일 λ¨Έλ‹ˆ,
04:16
which is basically a bank account that can run
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아무 νœ΄λŒ€ν°μ—μ„œ
04:19
on any cell phone.
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μ΄μš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 은행 κ³„μ’Œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:20
A sender can pay a 1.6 percent fee
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λ³΄λ‚΄λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ€ 1.6%의 수수료λ₯Ό λ‚΄κ³ 
04:24
and with the click of a button
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λ²„νŠΌμ„ ν•œλ²ˆλ§Œ ν΄λ¦­ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
04:26
send money directly to a recipient's account
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받을 μ‚¬λžŒμ—κ²Œ λ°”λ‘œ 보낼 수 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
04:29
with no intermediaries.
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μ€‘κ°œκΈ°κ΄€ μ—†μ΄μš”.
04:31
Like the technologies that are disrupting industries
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산업을 λ°©ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” κΈ°μˆ λ“€ 처럼,
04:34
in our own lives,
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우리 μΈμƒμ—μ„œλ„
04:36
payments technology in poor countries
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κ°€λ‚œν•œ κ΅­κ°€μ—μ„œμ˜ μ§€λΆˆ κΈ°μˆ μ€
04:39
could disrupt aid.
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ꡬ호λ₯Ό λ°©ν•΄ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:42
It's spreading so quickly that it's possible
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λ„ˆλ¬΄ λΉ λ₯΄κ²Œ 퍼지고 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ
04:44
to imagine reaching billions
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이런 λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μ—„μ²­λ‚œ 숫자의 κ°€λ‚œν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ 이λ₯΄λŠ” 것을
04:47
of the world's poor this way.
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μƒμƒν•˜λŠ” 것이 κ°€λŠ₯ν•΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:49
That's what we've started to do at GiveDirectly.
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GiveDirectlyμ—μ„œ 이 일을 μ‹œμž‘ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:52
We're the first organization
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GiveDirectlyλŠ” κ°€λ‚œν•œ μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ
04:54
dedicated to providing cash transfers to the poor.
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ν˜„κΈˆμ§€μ›μ„ μ£ΌλŠ” 것을 λͺ©μ μœΌλ‘œ ν•˜λŠ” 첫 λ‹¨μ²΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:57
We've sent cash to 35,000 people across rural Kenya
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케냐와 μš°κ°„λ‹€ μ§€λ°©μ˜ 35,000λͺ…μ—κ²Œ ν˜„κΈˆμ„ λ³΄λƒˆμ£ .
05:01
and Uganda
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05:03
in one-time payments of 1,000 dollars
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ν•œλ²ˆμ— 1000λ‹¬λŸ¬μ”©,
05:06
per family.
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각 κ°€μ •μ—κ²Œμš”.
05:08
So far, we've looked for the poorest people
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μ§€κΈˆμ€, κ°€μž₯ κ°€λ‚œν•œ λ§ˆμ„μ— μ‚΄κ³  μžˆλŠ”,
05:11
in the poorest villages, and in this part of the world,
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κ°€μž₯ κ°€λ‚œν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μ°Ύμ•„μ™”μ–΄μš”.
그리고 μ§€κ΅¬μ˜ 이 μ§€μ—­μ—μ„œ 그듀은
05:14
they're the ones living in homes
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05:15
made of mud and thatch,
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진흙과 짚으둜 된 μ§‘μ—μ„œ μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμ–΄μš”.
05:17
not cement and iron.
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μ‹œλ©˜νŠΈμ™€ 철이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌμš”.
05:19
So let's say that's your family.
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그게 λ§Œμ•½ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ 가정이라고 생각해 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
05:21
We show up at your door with an Android phone.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ—¬λ €λΆ„ λ¬Έμ—μ„œ μ•ˆλ“œλ‘œμ΄λ“œ μ „ν™”κΈ°λ₯Ό λ“€κ³  λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:24
We'll get your name, take your photo
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ 이름을 적고 사진을 찍고,
05:26
and a photo of your hut
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ μ˜€λ‘λ§‰ 사진도 찍고,
05:27
and grab the GPS coordinates.
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GPS μ’Œν‘œλ₯Ό μ•Œμ•„λ‚΄κ² μ£ .
05:30
That night, we send all the data to the cloud,
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그러면 ν΄λΌμš°λ“œλ‘œ 데이터λ₯Ό 보내면
05:32
and each piece gets checked
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각각의 데이터가
05:34
by an independent team
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λ…λ¦½λœ νŒ€μ—κ²Œλ‘œλΆ€ν„° 확인이 λ˜μš”.
05:36
using, for one example, satellite images.
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예λ₯Ό λ“€λ©΄, μœ„μ„± 사진을 μ΄μš©ν•΄μ„œμš”.
05:40
Then, we'll come back,
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그러면 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λŒμ•„μ™€μ„œ
05:42
we'll sell you a basic cell phone
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ κΈ°λ³Έ νœ΄λŒ€ν°μ„ ν•˜λ‚˜ νŒ”μ•„μš”.
05:44
if you don't have one already,
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이미 ν•˜λ‚˜ 가지고 μžˆμ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λ©΄ 말이죠.
05:46
and a few weeks later,
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그리고 λͺ‡μ£Ό ν›„,
05:49
we send money to it.
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λˆμ„ λ³΄λ‚΄λŠ” 것이죠.
05:51
Something that five years ago
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5λ…„μ „μ—λŠ”
05:52
would have seemed impossible
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λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•΄ λ³΄μ˜€μ„ 것이
05:54
we can now do efficiently
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ—λŠ” 효과적으둜,
05:57
and free of corruption.
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μ²­λ ΄ν•˜κ²Œ ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:59
The more cash we give to the poor,
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κ°€λ‚œν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ ν˜„κΈˆμ„ 많이 μ£Όλ©΄ μ€„μˆ˜λ‘,
06:01
and the more evidence we have that it works,
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그리고 우린 λ”μš± λ§Žμ€ 증거둜 그게 νš¨κ³Όμ μ΄λΌλŠ” κ±Έ μ••λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:05
the more we have to reconsider
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ”μš±λ” μž¬κ³ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:07
everything else we give.
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κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ μ£Όκ³  μžˆλŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ ꡬ호 λ¬Όν’ˆμ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œμš”.
06:10
Today, the logic behind aid is too often,
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ , κ΅¬ν˜Έμ— λŒ€ν•œ λ…Όλ¦¬λŠ”,
06:13
well, we do at least some good.
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'뭐, 적어도 μ‘°κΈˆμ€ 쒋은일을 ν•˜μž–μ•„' μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:17
When we're complacent
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그것을 κΈ°μ€€μœΌλ‘œ μ‚Όκ³  ν˜„μ‹€μ— μ•ˆμ£Όν•  λ•Œ,
06:18
with that as our bar,
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06:20
when we tell ourselves that giving aid
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 우리 μžμ‹ μ—κ²Œ ꡬ호λ₯Ό μ£ΌλŠ”κ²ƒμ΄
06:23
is better than no aid at all,
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μ „ν˜€ μ•ˆμ£ΌλŠ” κ²ƒλ³΄λ‹€λŠ” λ‚˜μ€ 것이라고 λ§ν• λ•Œ,
06:26
we tend to invest inefficiently,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λΉ„νš¨μœ¨μ μœΌλ‘œ 투자λ₯Ό ν•˜λŠ” κ²½ν–₯이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:28
in our own ideas that strike us as innovative,
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획기적이라고 μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” μš°λ¦¬λ“€λ§Œμ˜ 생각에,
06:32
on writing reports,
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우리의 λ ˆν¬νŠΈμ—,
06:34
on plane tickets and SUVs.
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λΉ„ν–‰κΈ° ν‘œμ™€ SUV에.
06:38
What if the logic was,
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λ§Œμ•½μ— 논리가
06:40
will we do better than cash given directly?
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'직접 μ „λ‹¬λ˜λŠ” ν˜„κΈˆλ³΄λ‹€ 이것이 λ‚˜μ„ 것인가?'라면
06:46
Organizations would have to prove
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단체듀은 각자 ν•˜λŠ” 일이
06:47
that they're doing more good for the poor
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κ°€λ‚œν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ κ·Έλ“€ μžμ‹ λ“€μ—κ²Œ 도움이 λ˜λŠ” 것보닀
06:49
than the poor can do for themselves.
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더 도움이 λœλ‹€λŠ” 것을 증λͺ…ν•΄μ•Όκ² μ£ .
06:52
Of course, giving cash won't create public goods
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ν˜„κΈˆμ„ μ£ΌλŠ” 것은 곡곡재λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ§€λŠ” λͺ»ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:55
like eradicating disease or building strong institutions,
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μ§ˆλ³‘μ„ κ·Όμ ˆμ‹œν‚€κ±°λ‚˜ λŒ€ν˜• 기관을 λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 것 μ²˜λŸΌμš”.
07:00
but it could set a higher bar
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 각 가정을 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ„μš°λŠ”μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•΄,
07:03
for how we help individual families
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 인생을 μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ κ°œμ„  μ‹œν‚€λŠ”μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•΄
07:06
improve their lives.
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기쀀을 높일 μˆ˜λŠ” μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:09
I believe in aid.
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μ €λŠ” ꡬ호λ₯Ό λ―ΏμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:10
I believe most aid is better than just
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μ €λŠ” λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ κ΅¬ν˜Έκ°€ λΉ„ν–‰κΈ° λ°–μœΌλ‘œ
07:13
throwing money out of a plane.
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λˆμ„ λ˜μ§€λŠ” 것 보닀 λ‚«λ‹€λŠ” 것을 λ―ΏμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:15
I am also absolutely certain
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그리고 μ €λŠ” λΆ„λͺ…ν•˜κ²Œ μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:18
that a lot of aid today
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ˜ λ§Žμ€ κ΅¬ν˜Έκ°€
07:20
isn't better than giving directly to the poor.
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κ°€λ‚œν•œ μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ 직접 μ£ΌλŠ” 것보닀 낫지 λͺ»ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμ„μš”.
07:24
I hope that one day, it will be.
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μ–Έμ  κ°€λŠ” 그러길 λΉ•λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:27
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:29
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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