The invisible life hidden beneath Antarctica's ice | Ariel Waldman

51,174 views ใƒป 2020-08-10

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”์ง€ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋งž์ถฐ๋ณด์‹œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์œ ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋œ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
ํ˜น์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
00:13
Can you guess what this is?
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์šฐ์ฃผ๋น„ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋– ์„ธ์š”?
00:16
What if I told you there's a place where the creatures are made of glass?
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๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์œ ๋ฆฌ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋“ค์€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋จผ ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„์™ธ ํ–‰์„ฑ์˜ ์™ธ๊ณ„์ธ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
Or that there are life-forms that are invisible to us,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทœ์กฐ๋ฅ˜๋Œ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
but astronauts see them all the time?
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๊ด‘ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‚ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์„ธํฌ ์กฐ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
These invisible glass creatures aren't aliens on a faraway exoplanet.
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ํ–‰์„ฑ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„๋“ค์ด ํผ์ ธ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
They're diatoms:
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๋˜ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฐ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์  ์™ธ๊ณจ๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
photosynthetic, single-celled algae responsible for producing oxygen
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๋งž์•„์š”, ์œ ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
00:35
and helping seed clouds on a planetary scale
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์†Œ์šฉ๋Œ์ด์—์„œ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์ƒ‰์˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
and with intricately sculpted, geometric exoskeletons made of --
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ฃฝ์„ ๋•Œ
๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์œ ๋ฆฌ ์ง‘์€ ์‹ฌํ•ด๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ผ์•‰๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ ,
00:42
yeah, glass.
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๊ณต๊ธฐ ์ค‘์—์„œ ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•˜๊ณ 
00:45
You can see them in swirls of ocean-surface colors from space.
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๋ฌด๋ค์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋Š”๋ฐ,\
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•ด์–‘์˜ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์— ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์–‘์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
And when they die,
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00:50
their glass houses sink to the depths of the oceans,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์™ธ๊ณ„ํ–‰์„ฑ์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
taking carbon out of the air
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00:53
and with them to the grave,
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์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ณ 
00:55
accounting for a significant amount of carbon sequestration in the oceans.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ธ์ƒ ์† ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณณ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
00:59
We live on an alien planet.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹œ์•ผ์™€ ์ƒ์‹์„ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
There is so much weird life here on Earth to study,
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์˜ˆ์‹œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ๋‚จ๊ทน์„ ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
and so much of it lives at the edges of our world,
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ๊ทน์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๋•Œ
๊ทธ๊ณณ์ด ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ณ  ์ฒ™๋ฐ•ํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...
01:08
of our sight and of our understanding.
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01:10
One of those edges is Antarctica.
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๋ช‡ ์—†๋Š” ํŽญ๊ท„๋“ค์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ ์š”.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚จ๊ทน์€ ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ๋งŽ์€ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜๋Š”
01:14
Typically, when we think about Antarctica,
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์‚ถ์˜ ๊ทน์ง€๋ฐฉ์˜ ๋‚™์›์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
we think of a place that's barren and lifeless ...
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01:18
except for a few penguins.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ตœ์‹  ์ž์—ฐ ์˜์ƒ๋ฌผ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
01:20
But Antarctica should instead be known as a polar oasis of life,
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ˆˆ๊ณผ ์–ผ์Œ ์•„๋ž˜ ์ˆจ์–ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
01:24
host to countless creatures that are utterly fascinating.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
So why haven't we seen them on the latest nature documentary?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
์ž‘์€ ์‹๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์€ ๋น™ํ•˜ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ ,
01:31
Well, they lurk beneath the snow and ice,
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๋ฐ”๋‹ค ์–ผ์Œ ์•„๋ž˜์—
01:34
virtually invisible to us.
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๋น™ํ•˜ ์•„๋ž˜ ์—ฐ๋ชป์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
They're microbes:
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™๋ฌผ๋ณด๋‹ค ์นด๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
tiny plants and animals living embedded inside of glaciers,
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๊ทธ ๋™๋ฌผ์€ ์ž์—ฐ ๋‹คํ๋ฉ˜ํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์†์—์„œ ์ž์ฃผ ๋ณด๋˜ ๋™๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:41
underneath the sea ice
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01:42
and swimming in subglacial ponds.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํƒํ—˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
01:44
And they're no less charismatic than any of the megafauna
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ•์š”ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
01:47
that you're used to seeing in a nature documentary.
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์ €๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋‚จ๊ทน์—์„œ 5์ฃผ๊ฐ„ ํƒํ—˜ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ •๋„์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์— ์•ผ์ƒ ์ดฌ์˜๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:51
But how do you compel people to explore what they can't see?
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185 ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ์˜ ์žฅ๋น„์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜
01:55
I recently led a five-week expedition to Antarctica
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์ €๋Š” ๊ตฐ์šฉ๊ธฐ์— ํƒ‘์Šนํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:58
to essentially become a wildlife filmmaker at the microbial scale.
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๊ทธ ๊ณณ์— ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์—์„œ๋งŒ ๋ณด์ด๋Š”
๊ทนํ•œ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ƒ๋ฌผ์„ ์ดฌ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ,
02:03
With 185 pounds of gear,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„์— ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์นœ์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ,
02:05
I boarded a military aircraft
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๊ฐ™์€ ์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ๋Š”
02:07
and brought microscopes into the field
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02:09
to film and investigate these microscopic extremophiles,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ฒด๋“ค์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ์ดฌ์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ,
02:12
so that we can become more familiar with a poorly understood ecosystem
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์„œ์‹์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ด์•ผํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ €๋Š” ์–ผ์Œ ์•„๋ž˜๋ฅผ ํƒํ—˜ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
02:15
that we live with here on Earth.
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๋งคํ•ด, ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์˜ ์–ผ์Œ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‚จ๊ทน ์ „์ฒด ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋‘๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
To film these invisible creatures in action,
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02:20
I needed to see where they call home --
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02:22
I needed to venture under the ice.
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9ํ”ผํŠธ๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‘๊บผ์šด ์–ผ์Œ ์•„๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์ž ๊น์ด๋ผ๋„ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
์ €๋Š” ๊ธˆ์†์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๊ธด ํŠœ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค ์–ผ์Œ์— ๋„ฃ์–ด ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:25
Every year, the sea ice nearly doubles the entire size of Antarctica.
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์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด์˜ ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ง„ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ 
02:30
To get a glimpse below the nine-feet-thick ice,
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ํ•ด์ €์™€ ๋น›๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ผ์Œ ์ฒœ์žฅ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ฆฐ ์ฑ„๋กœ์š”.
02:33
I climbed down a long, metal tube inserted into the sea ice
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02:36
to witness a hidden ecosystem full of life,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๋งˆ๋ฒ•๊ฐ™์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
while being suspended between the seafloor and the illuminated ceiling of ice.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋“ค์€ ๋งˆ์น˜ ์กฐ๊ฐœ๋ฌผ๋ฒผ๋ฃฉ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฉ‹์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
Here's what that looked like from the outside.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ณ  ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์ ์ธ ๊ทœ์กฐ๋“ค์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
It was just absolutely magical.
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๋“œ๋ผ์ด ๋ฒจ๋ฆฌ ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„์„ ์น˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
Some of the critters I found were delightful things like seed shrimp
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2-3์ฃผ ๋™์•ˆ์š”.
๋‚จ๊ทน์˜ 98%๊ฐ€ ์–ผ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฎ์—ฌ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
and many more beautiful, geometric diatoms.
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๋“œ๋ผ์ด ๋ฒจ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚จ๊ทน์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
I then went farther afield to camp out in the Dry Valleys
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03:01
for a couple of weeks.
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๊ทธ ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์€ ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋กœ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹ค ๊ทธ ์•„๋ž˜ ๋†“์—ฌ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
98 percent of Antarctica is covered with ice
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„๋ฅผ ๋ธ”๋Ÿฌ๋“œ ํด์—์„œ ์ฑ„์ทจํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
03:06
and the Dry Valleys are the largest area of Antarctica where you can actually see
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์€ ๋น™ํ•˜ ์•„๋ž˜ ์—ฐ๋ชป์—์„œ ์ž์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฐํ™”์ฒ ์ด ์†Ÿ๊ตฌ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
03:10
what the continent itself looks like underneath all of it.
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10๋…„ ๋” ์ „ ๊นŒ์ง€๋งŒํ•ด๋„ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์กŒ๋˜ ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
I sampled bacteria at Blood Falls,
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03:15
a natural phenomenon of a subglacial pond spurting out iron oxide
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๋น™ํ•˜ ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ๋šซ๊ณ  ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ €๋Š” ๋น™ํ•˜๋ฅผ ๋“ฑ๋ฐ˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ ๋น™ํ•˜ ์–ผ์Œ ์†์— ๋ฐ•ํžŒ, ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์ตœ์ ์˜ ์„œ์‹์ง€์—์„œ
03:19
that was thought to be utterly lifeless until a little more than a decade ago.
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์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ํŠน์ดํ•œ ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
And I hiked up a glacier to drill down into it,
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ํฌ๋ผ์ด์š”์ฝ”๋‚˜์ดํŠธ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์€
์–ด๋‘์šด ์ƒ‰๊น”์˜ ์ž‘์€ ๋จผ์ง€ ์กฐ๊ฐ๋“ค์ด
03:27
revealing countless, hardcore critters living their best lives
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๋น™ํ•˜ ์œ„๋กœ ๋ฟœ์–ด์ ธ ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ณ , ์ด ์กฐ๊ฐ๋“ค์ด
03:30
while embedded inside layers of ice.
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ํ…ํ…ํ•œ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ๋“ค ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ๋…น์•„ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ๋–„ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
Known as cryoconite holes,
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03:34
they form when tiny pieces of darkly colored dirt
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์ด ๊ตฌ๋ฉ๋“ค์€ ๋น™ํ•˜์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ™์œผ๋กœ ๋œ ํฝ๋“ค์„
03:37
get blown onto the glacier
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๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ, ๋งˆ์น˜ ์ž‘์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์„ฌ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ธ
03:39
and begin to melt down into soupy holes that then freeze over,
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๋…ํŠนํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฐพ์€ ๋ช‡๊ฐœ์˜ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์•Œ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
03:43
preserving hundreds of dirt pucks inside the glacier,
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๊ท€์—ฝ๊ณ  ๊ตผ๋œฌ ์™„๋ณด๋ฅ˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:46
like little island universes
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์ „ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑธ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‚˜๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐœํ†ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๊ตฌ๋ฏธ ๋ฒ ์–ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
each with its own unique ecosystem.
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฌผ๊ณฐ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:51
Some of the critters I found you may recognize,
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๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ํž˜์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:53
like this adorable tardigrade --
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๊ทธ ํž˜์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ง„๊ณต์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๊ทนํ•œ์˜ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ
03:55
I absolutely love them,
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03:56
they're like little gummy bears with claws.
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์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
03:58
Also known as a water bear,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ์ง„๊ณต์ƒํƒœ๋‚˜ ๋‚จ๊ทน์—์„œ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
they're famous for possessing superpowers
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04:02
that allow them to survive in extreme conditions,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”ํ•œ ์ด๋ผ๋‚˜
04:05
including the vacuum of space.
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๋ณด๋„ ํ‹ˆ์ƒˆ๋‚˜ ๊ณต์›์—์„œ๋„ ์„œ์‹ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋งค์ผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ํ†ค ์ด์ƒ์”ฉ ์ง€๋‚˜์ณค์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
But you don't need to travel to space or even Antarctica to find them.
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04:11
They live in moss all over this planet,
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์นœ์ˆ™ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„
์„ ์ถฉ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‚ฏ์„ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
from sidewalk cracks to parks.
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๋ฑ€์ด๋‚˜ ์ง€๋ ์ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ
04:16
You likely walk right by tons of these invisible animals every day.
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์„ ์ถฉ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋กœ ํ•œ ์ฐฝ์กฐ๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ง€๋ ์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํšŒ๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ณ  ๋ฑ€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ธฐ์–ด๋‹ค๋‹ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ,
04:20
Others may look familiar,
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04:21
but be stranger still, like nematodes.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘๊ณ , ๋‹จ๊ฒ€๊ณผ๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋น„๋Š˜์„ ์ž… ์•ˆ์— ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
Not a snake nor an earthworm,
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04:26
nematodes are a creature all of their own.
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์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋จน์ž‡๊ฐ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฒญ์ƒˆ์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋จน์ž‡๊ฐ ์•ˆ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ๋ฌผ์„ ๋นจ์•„๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
They can't regenerate like an earthworm or crawl like a snake,
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์ด ํ–‰์„ฑ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
04:32
but they have tiny, dagger-like needles inside their mouths
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570์–ต ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์„ ์ถฉ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
that some of them use to spearfish their prey and suck out the insides.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒ๋ฌผ์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋‹ค ์•Œ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:39
For every single human on this planet,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋™๋“ฑํ•œ ๋งคํ˜น์ ์ธ ์‚ถ์„ ์‚ฌ๋Š”
04:41
there exist 57 billion nematodes.
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์ž…์„ ๋‹ฏ์€ ๋ฃธ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฐํ˜€์ง„ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์™•๊ด€์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ ์ถฉ๋ฅ˜๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
04:45
And some of the critters you may not recognize at all
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์†์„ ๋‹ค ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ํˆฌ๋ช…ํ•œ ์†Œํ™”์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์„ฌ๋ชจ์ถฉ๋ฅ˜๋“ค,
04:48
but live out equally fascinating lives,
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04:50
such as rotifers with amazing crowns that turn into Roomba-like mouths,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŽ˜ํŠธ๋ฆฌ ์ ‘์‹œ์— ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜์—ฌ ํผ์ ธ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งˆ์น˜ ์ƒ‰์ข…์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ธ๊ท .
04:55
ciliates with digestive systems so transparent that it's almost TMI,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์ค‘๋งค์ฒด์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€
๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ์ „์ž ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
and cyanobacteria that look like party confetti exploded all over a petri dish.
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์ž‘์€ ๊ดด๋ฌผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š”
05:04
A lot of times what we see in popular media
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ฑ„๋กœ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:07
are scanning electron microscope images of microorganisms
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณณ์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:11
looking like scary monsters.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ผ์ƒ์ƒํ™œ์€ ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
05:13
Without seeing them move their lives remain elusive to us
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋™๋ฌผ์›์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ํŽญ๊ท„์ด ์ฐํžŒ ์‚ฌ์ง„ ๋‹จ ํ•œ ์žฅ๋งŒ ๋ดค๊ณ 
05:16
despite them living nearly everywhere we step outside.
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05:19
What's their daily life like?
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์–ผ์Œ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฑท๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๋„๋Ÿฌ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ํ•œ๋ฒˆ๋„ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด,
05:21
How do they interact with their environment?
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ํŽญ๊ท„์„ ์™„๋ฒฝํžˆ ์•ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
If you only ever saw a photo of a penguin at a zoo,
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๋ฏธ์„ธํ•œ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ๋ด„์œผ๋กœ์จ
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ชฝ ์‚ถ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
but you never saw one waddle around and then glide over ice,
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05:31
you wouldn't fully understand penguins.
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๋‚จ๊ทน๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋’ท ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ๋ฌธ์„œํ™”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ์„œ๋Š”
05:34
By seeing microcreatures in motion,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€
05:36
we gain better insights into the lives of the otherwise invisible.
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๊ฐ™์€ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๊ฑด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์‹œ์•ผ๋ฅผ ์•„์ง ๊ฐ–์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
Without documenting the invisible life in Antarctica and our own backyards,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์—‰๋šฑํ•œ ํ–‰์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
05:44
we don't understand just how many creatures we share our world with.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:48
And that means we don't yet have the full picture
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05:50
of our weird and whimsical home planet.
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05:53
Thank you.
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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