Kartick Satyanarayan: How we rescued the "dancing" bears

48,782 views ใƒป 2010-01-11

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Ariella Cwikel ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
00:17
Hi. For those of you who haven't seen dancing bears,
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ื”ื™. ืœืžื™ ืฉืœื ืจืื” ื“ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืจืงื“ื™ื,
00:20
these are the dancing bears.
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ืืœื• ื”ื ื”ื“ื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืจืงื“ื™ื.
00:22
In 1995, we started working on a two-year investigative research project
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ื‘1995 ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืžื—ืงืจ
00:25
to try and find out what was going on.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ืคื”.
00:28
Because the sloth bears in the wild were obviously getting depleted
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ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ื“ื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืฉืคืชื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืœื›ื• ื•ื”ืชืžืขื˜ื•
00:30
because of this.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื”.
00:32
This is the Qalandar community. They are a marginalized Islamic community
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืงื”ื™ืœืช ืงืœื ื“ืืจ. ื–ืืช ืงื”ื™ืœืช ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื ืื™ืกืœืžื™ืช
00:36
who live across India,
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ืฉื—ื™ื” ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ื•ื“ื•,
00:38
and have been in India since the 13th century.
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ื•ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจืช ื‘ื”ื•ื“ื• ืžืื– ื”ืžืื” ื”13.
00:43
We went about getting evidence of what was going on.
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ื ื™ื’ืฉื ื• ืœื—ืคืฉ ืจืื™ื•ืช ืœืžื” ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉ.
00:46
And this is footage from a hidden camera in a button.
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ื–ื” ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืžืžืฆืœืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืกืชืจื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื›ืคืชื•ืจ.
00:48
And we went in, pretending to be buyers.
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ื ื›ื ืกื• ืœืฉื, ืžืชื—ื–ื™ื ืœืงื•ื ื™ื.
00:50
And we found this right in this very state, in Karnataka.
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ื•ืžืฆืื ื• ืืช ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช, ื‘ืงืจื ื˜ืงื”.
00:53
And the bear cubs were being harvested from across the country
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ื’ื•ืจื™ ื”ื“ื•ื‘ื™ื ื ืืกืคื• ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ื•ื“ื•,
00:56
and being sold and traded.
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ื ืžื›ืจื• ื•ื ืกื—ืจื•.
00:58
These were being sold for about 2,000 dollars each,
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ืืœื• ื ืžื›ืจื• ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ 2,000 ื“ื•ืœืจ ื‘ืขืจืš
01:00
and they are used for bear paw soup,
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ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืœืžืจืง ื›ืคื•ืช-ื™ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื‘ื™ื,
01:02
and also being trained, later on,
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ื•ื’ื ืžืืœืคื™ื ืื•ืชื, ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš
01:04
to become dancing bears like the one you just saw.
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืจืงื“ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื–ื” ืฉืจืื™ืชื ื›ืจื’ืข.
01:08
Sadly, the family of Qalandars depended on this bear.
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ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืขืจ, ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืงืœื ื“ืืจ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื”.
01:12
The couple are barely 18 years old.
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ื”ื–ื•ื’ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ื‘ื ื™ 18.
01:15
They already have four children beside them. You can see them.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืืจื‘ืขื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืฆื™ื“ื. ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื.
01:18
And the economy of the family and their livelihood depended on those animals.
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ื•ื›ืœื›ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ืคืจื ืกืชื ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•.
01:21
So, we had to deal with it in a very practical and sustainable manner.
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ืื–, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืื“ ืคืจืงื˜ื™ืช ื•ื‘ืจืช -ืงื™ื™ืžื.
01:24
Now, when we started working deeper and digging deeper,
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ื›ืฉื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืœืขื•ืžืง ื•ืœืจื“ืช ืœืขื•ืžืงื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื,
01:27
we found that it's an illegal act.
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ื’ื™ืœื™ื ื• ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืง.
01:29
These guys could go to jail for up to seven years
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจ'ื” ื”ืืœื• ื™ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื™ื›ืœื ืœืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืขื“ ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื
01:32
if they were caught by authorities.
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ืื ื”ื™ื• ื ืชืคืกื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช.
01:34
And what they were doing to the bears was really appalling.
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ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืขืฉื• ืœื“ื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ืžื—ืจื™ื“.
01:36
It was unacceptable.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ.
01:39
The mother bears are usually killed.
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ื”ืืžื”ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื ื”ืจื’ื•ืช.
01:41
The cubs, which are taken, are separated.
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ื”ื’ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื ืœืงื—ื™ื, ืžื•ืคืจื“ื™ื.
01:44
Their teeth are basically bashed out with a metal rod.
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ื”ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืžื ื•ืคืฆื•ืช ืขื ืžื•ื˜ ื‘ืจื–ืœ.
01:47
And they use a red hot iron needle to make a hole through the muzzle.
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ื•ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืกื™ื›ืช ื‘ืจื–ืœ ืœื•ื”ื˜ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื•ืจืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื˜ื ืฉืœื”ื.
01:51
Now we had to start changing these people and converting them from using that
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ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ืœื”ื ื™ืข ืื•ืชื ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื“ื•ื‘ื™ื
01:55
for a livelihood, to getting something else.
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ืœืคืจื ืกืชื, ืœืžืฆื‘ ื‘ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ.
01:57
So, this is Bitu Qalandar, who was our first experiment.
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ืื ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ื‘ื™ื˜ื• ืงืœื ื“ืืจ, ืฉื”ื™ื” ื”ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•.
02:00
And we were so unsure that this would work.
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืกืคืงื ื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื–ื” ื™ืขื‘ื•ื“.
02:02
We weren't sure at all. And we managed to convince him.
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ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื. ื•ื”ืฆืœื—ื ื• ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืื•ืชื•.
02:05
And we said, "Okay, here is some seed fund.
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ื•ืืžืจื ื•, "ืื•ืงื™ื™, ื”ื ื” ืงืจืŸ ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ืช.
02:07
Let's see if you can get something else." And we got the bear surrendered
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ื‘ื•ื ื ืจืื” ืื ืชืžืฆื ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ". ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืœื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื“ื•ื‘
02:09
to -- we set up a sanctuary. We have four sanctuaries in India.
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ื”ืงืžื ื• ืžืงืœื˜. ื™ืฉ ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžืงืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ื”ื•ื“ื•.
02:12
And now he sells cool drinks, he's by the highway.
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ืจ ืžืฉืงืื•ืช ืงืจื™ื ืœืฆื“ ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ.
02:15
He has a telephone booth.
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ืœื• ื™ืฉ ืชื ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ.
02:18
And then it started, there was no turning back after that.
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ื•ืื– ื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ, ื•ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื“ืจืš ื—ื–ืจื” ื›ื‘ืจ.
02:20
This is Sadua who came and surrendered his bear.
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ื–ื” ืกื“ื• ืฉื‘ื ืœืžืกื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื•ื‘ ืฉืœื•.
02:22
And now he runs a cattle fodder store and a grain store
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื•ื ืžื ื”ืœ ื—ื ื•ืช ืชื‘ื•ืื” ื•ืžืกืคื•ื ืœื‘ื”ืžื•ืช
02:26
near Agra.
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ืœื™ื“ ืื’ืจื”.
02:28
Then there was no looking back at all for us.
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ื•ืžืื– ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื“ืจืš ื—ื–ืจื”.
02:30
We gave cycle rickshaws.
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ื ืชื ื• ืจื™ืงืฉื•ืช ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื.
02:32
We set up carpet-weaving units,
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ื”ืงืžื ื• ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืืจื™ื’ืช- ืฉื˜ื™ื—ื™ื,
02:34
vocational training for the women.
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ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืœื ืฉื™ื.
02:36
The women were just not allowed to come out of the community
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ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ื”ื•ืจืฉื• ืœืฆืืช ืžื”ืงื”ื™ืœื”
02:38
and work with mainstream society. So, we were able to address that.
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ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขื ืฉืืจ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”. ืื–, ื”ืฆืœื—ื ื• ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื–ื”.
02:41
Education. The kids never went to school.
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ื—ื™ื ื•ืš. ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ืœื›ื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ.
02:44
They only had Islamic education, very little of it.
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืจืง ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืื™ืกืœืžื™, ื•ืžืขื˜ ืžืื“ ืžืžื ื•.
02:46
And they were never allowed to go to school
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ื•ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ืจืฉื• ืœื”ื ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ
02:48
because they were an extra earning hand at home. So we managed to get education.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืขื•ื“ ื–ื•ื’ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื•ืžืคืจื ืกื•ืช. ืื– ื”ืฆืœื—ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื—ื™ื ื•ืš.
02:51
So, we sponsor 600 children education programs today.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืžืžื ื™ื 600 ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื.
02:55
We were able to ensure brighter futures for these people.
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ื”ืฆืœื—ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืขืชื™ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื•
02:57
Of course we also had to get the bears in.
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ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื’ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืืช ื”ื“ื•ื‘ื™ื.
03:00
This is what happens to the bears when they come in.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ืœื“ื•ื‘ื™ื ื›ืฉื”ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื.
03:02
And this is what we turn them into.
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ื ื ืจืื™ื ืื—ืจ-ื›ืš.
03:04
We have a veterinary facility in our rescue centers.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืžืชืงืŸ ื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืจื™ ื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ื”ืฆืœื” ืฉืœื ื•.
03:07
So, basically in 2002 there were
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ืื– ื‘ืขืฆื, ื‘2002 ื”ื™ื•
03:09
1,200 dancing bears.
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12,000 ื“ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืจืงื“ื™ื.
03:11
We rescued over 550 dancing bears.
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ื”ืฆืœื ื• ืžืขืœ 550 ื“ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืจืงื“ื™ื.
03:14
We've been able to ensure better futures for the people and the bears.
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ื”ืฆืœื—ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืขืชื™ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื“ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื.
03:17
The big news that I want to announce today
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ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื›ืจื™ื– ื”ื™ื•ื
03:19
is that next month we will be bringing in
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ื”ื ืฉื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื‘ื ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื‘ื™ื
03:22
the very last bear of India,
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ืืช ื”ื“ื•ื‘ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ื•ื“ื•,
03:25
into our rescue center.
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ืœืชื•ืš ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื”ืฆืœื” ืฉืœื ื•.
03:27
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
03:31
And India will no longer have to witness this cruel barbaric practice
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ื•ื”ื•ื“ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืชืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื“ื” ืœืžื ื”ื’ ื”ื‘ืจื‘ืจื™ ื•ื”ืื›ื–ืจื™ ื”ื–ื”
03:35
which has been here for centuries.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื’ ืคื” ื“ื•ืจื™ ื“ื•ืจื•ืช.
03:37
And the people can hold their heads up high.
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ื•ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื–ืงื•ืคื™ ืงื•ืžื” ื•ื’ืื™ื.
03:39
And the Qalandar people will rise above all this cruel barbaric past
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ื•ืงื”ื™ืœืช ืงืœื ื“ืืจ ื™ืชืขืœื• ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืขื‘ืจ ื”ืื›ื–ืจื™ ื”ื–ื”
03:42
that they've lived all their lives.
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ืฉื”ื ื—ื•ื• ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื”ื.
03:44
And the beautiful bears can of course live in the wild again.
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ื•ื”ื“ื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ืคื™ืคื™ื™ื ย ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข.
03:47
And there will be no more removing of these bears.
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ื•ื”ื“ื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืœื ื™ื™ืœืงื—ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ.
03:50
And the children, both humans and bear cubs
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ื•ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื•ื’ื•ืจื™ ื”ื“ื•ื‘ื™ื
03:53
can live peacefully. Thank you.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœื•ื. ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
03:55
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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