Karen Armstrong: Let's revive the Golden Rule

133,507 views ใƒป 2009-09-30

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Ran Ronen ืžื‘ืงืจ: Shahar Kaiser
00:12
For years I've been feeling frustrated,
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ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืชื•ืกื›ืœืช
00:16
because as a religious historian,
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ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื—ื•ืงืจืช ื“ืช
00:19
I've become acutely aware
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ื”ืคื›ืชื™ ืœืžื•ื“ืขืช
00:21
of the centrality of compassion
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ืœืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืžืœื” (ืจื—ืžื™ื)
00:24
in all the major world faiths.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืกื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื›ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
00:27
Every single one of them
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ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ
00:29
has evolved their own version
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ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืืช ื”ื’ืจืกื” ืฉืœื”
00:31
of what's been called the Golden Rule.
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ืœืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืžื›ื ื™ื "ื›ืœืœ ื”ื–ื”ื‘".
00:34
Sometimes it comes in a positive version --
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ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ื’ืจืกื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช -
00:37
"Always treat all others as you'd like to be treated yourself."
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"ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืื—ืจื™ื ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื™ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื• ืืœื™ืš".
00:41
And equally important
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ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืžื™ื“ื”
00:43
is the negative version --
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ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื’ื ื”ื’ืจืกื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื™ืช -
00:46
"Don't do to others what you would not like them to do to you."
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"ืืœ ืชืขืฉื” ืœืื—ืจื™ื ืืช ืฉืฉื ื•ื ืขืœื™ืš".
00:51
Look into your own heart,
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ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ืœืœื‘ืš
00:53
discover what it is that gives you pain
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ื’ืœื” ืžื”ื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืกื‘ ืœืš ื›ืื‘.
00:56
and then refuse, under any circumstance whatsoever,
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ื•ืื– ืกืจื‘, ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช
01:00
to inflict that pain on anybody else.
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ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืืช ื”ื›ืื‘ ื”ื–ื” ืขืœ ืื“ื ืื—ืจ.
01:04
And people have emphasized the importance of compassion,
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ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืžืœื”,
01:09
not just because it sounds good,
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ืœื ืจืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข ื ื›ื•ืŸ
01:11
but because it works.
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ืืœื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“.
01:14
People have found that when they have
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืฆืื• ืฉื›ืฉื”ื
01:17
implemented the Golden Rule
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ืžื™ื™ืฉืžื™ื ืืช ื›ืœืœ ื”ื–ื”ื‘
01:19
as Confucius said, "all day and every day,"
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ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจ ืงื•ื ืคื•ืฆื™ื•ืก "ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื",
01:23
not just a question of doing your good deed for the day
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ืœื ืจืง ื›ืฉืืœื” ืฉืœ ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžืขืฉื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื
01:25
and then returning to a life of greed
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ื•ืื– ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืื•ื•ืช ื‘ืฆืข
01:28
and egotism,
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ื•ื”ืชืขืกืงื•ืช ื‘ืขืฆืžืš,
01:30
but to do it all day and every day,
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ืืœื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื,
01:33
you dethrone yourself from the center of your world,
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ืื– ืืชื” ืžืกื™ื˜ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš ืžืžืจื›ื– ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœืš,
01:37
put another there, and you transcend yourself.
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ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืฉื ืื—ืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžืš, ื•ื›ืš ืืชื” ืžื•ืชืžืจ.
01:40
And it brings you into the presence
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ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื–ื” ืžื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชืš ืœื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช
01:43
of what's been called God, Nirvana, Rama, Tao.
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ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืžื›ื ื™ื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื, ื ื™ืจื•ื•ื ื”, ืจืืžื”, ื˜ืื•.
01:47
Something that goes beyond
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ืžื”ื•ืช ื”ื ืžืฆืืช ืžืขื‘ืจ
01:49
what we know in our ego-bound existence.
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ืœืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ื›ืงื™ื•ื ืงืฉื•ืจ-ื”ืื’ื• ืฉืœื ื•.
01:54
But you know you'd never know it a lot of the time,
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืœื ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื“ืขืช ืื•ืชื” ืœืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘,
01:56
that this was so central to the religious life.
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ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ื—ืœืง ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืžืื“ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื“ืชื™ื™ื.
01:59
Because with a few wonderful exceptions,
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืœืžืขื˜ ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ื“ื•ืคืŸ ื ืคืœืื™ื
02:02
very often when religious people come together,
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ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื“ืชื™ื™ื ื ืคื’ืฉื™ื,
02:05
religious leaders come together, they're arguing about abstruse doctrines
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ื›ืฉืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื“ืชื™ื™ื ื ืคื’ืฉื™ื, ื”ื ืžืชื•ื•ื›ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื ื”
02:11
or uttering a council of hatred
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ืื• ืฉื”ื ืžื›ื ืกื™ื ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื ืื”
02:15
or inveighing against homosexuality or something of that sort.
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ืื• ืžื˜ื™ืคื™ื ื ื’ื“ ื”ื•ืžื•ืกืงืกื•ืืœื™ื•ืช ืื• ืชื•ืคืขื” ื“ื•ืžื”.
02:20
Often people don't really want to be compassionate.
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ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจื—ืžื ื™ื.
02:22
I sometimes see
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืœืขื™ืชื™ื
02:24
when I'm speaking to a congregation of religious people
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ื›ืฉืื ื™ ื ื•ืืžืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ื›ื™ื ื•ืก ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื“ืชื™ื™ื
02:27
a sort of mutinous expression crossing their faces
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ืฉืคื ื™ื”ื ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ื”ื‘ืขื” ืžืจื“ื ื™ืช
02:30
because people often want to be right instead.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฆื•ื“ืงื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื—ื•ืžืœื™ื.
02:34
And that of course defeats the object of the exercise.
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ื•ื–ื” ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ืก ืืช ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืจื’ื™ืœ.
02:38
Now why was I so grateful to TED?
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ืœืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื›ื” ืืกื™ืจืช ืชื•ื“ื” ืœ-TED?
02:42
Because they took me very gently
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ื›ื™ ื”ื ืžืฉื›ื• ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืช
02:48
from my book-lined study
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ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืžืžื•ืงื“ ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉืœื™
02:51
and brought me into the 21st century,
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ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืื•ืชื™ ืืœ ื”ืžืื” ื”-21,
02:53
enabling me to speak to a much, much wider audience
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ืชื•ืš ืฉื”ื ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืืœ ืงื”ืœ ืจื—ื‘ ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื”
02:57
than I could have ever conceived.
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ืžื›ืคื™ ืฉืื™ ืคืขื ื“ืžื™ื™ื ืชื™.
02:59
Because I feel an urgency about this.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื ื™ ื—ืฉื” ื“ื—ื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœื›ืš.
03:02
If we don't manage to implement
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ืื ืœื ื ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื™ื™ืฉื
03:05
the Golden Rule globally,
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ืืช ื›ืœืœ ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื,
03:09
so that we treat all peoples, wherever and whoever they may be,
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ื›ืš ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื, ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื•ืžื›ืœ ื’ื–ืข ืžืžื ื• ื”ื ื‘ืื™ื
03:13
as though they were as important as ourselves,
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ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉื”ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื›ืžื•ื ื•
03:16
I doubt that we'll have
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ืื ื™ ื‘ืกืคืง ืื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื•
03:18
a viable world to hand on to the next generation.
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ืขื•ืœื ื—ื™ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื.
03:21
The task of our time,
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ืžืฉื™ืžืช ื–ืžื ื ื•
03:23
one of the great tasks of our time,
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ืื—ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขืช ื”ื–ื•,
03:26
is to build a global society, as I said,
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ื”ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื” ื—ื•ื‘ืงืช ืขื•ืœื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจืชื™,
03:28
where people can live together in peace.
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ืฉื‘ื” ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ื‘ืฉืœื•ื.
03:31
And the religions that should be making a major contribution
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ื•ื”ื“ืชื•ืช, ืฉืืžื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืœืชืจื•ื ืชืจื•ืžื” ืขืงืจื™ืช ืœื›ืš,
03:35
are instead seen as part of the problem.
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ื ืชืคืกื•ืช ื›ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื‘ืขื™ื”.
03:39
And of course it's not just religious people who believe in the Golden Rule.
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ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื ืจืง ืื ืฉื™ื ื“ืชื™ื™ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ื–ื”ื‘.
03:45
This is the source of all morality,
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ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืกืจ,
03:48
this imaginative act of empathy,
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ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ืช ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื“ื”ื•ืช ืจื’ืฉื™ืช,
03:51
putting yourself in the place of another.
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ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื—ืจ.
03:54
And so we have a choice, it seems to me.
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ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื‘ืจื™ืจื”.
03:58
We can either go on bringing out or emphasizing
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ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืœื”ื—ืฆื™ืŸ, ืื• ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ
04:03
the dogmatic and intolerant aspects of our faith,
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ืืช ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ื”ื”ืœื›ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืœื ืกื•ื‘ืœื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืžื•ื ืชื ื•,
04:07
or we can go back to
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ืื ื• ืฉืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืืœ
04:11
the rabbis. Rabbi Hillel, the older contemporary of Jesus,
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ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ื, ืจื‘ื™ ื”ื™ืœืœ, ื‘ืŸ ื–ืžื ื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฉื•,
04:16
who, when asked by a pagan
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ืืฉืจ, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชื‘ืงืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืืœื™ืœื™ื
04:19
to sum up the whole of Jewish teaching while he stood on one leg,
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ืœืกื›ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื›ืžื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื‘ืื•ื“ื• ืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ ืจื’ืœ ืื—ืช,
04:24
said, "That which is hateful to you, do not do to your neighbor.
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ืืžืจ:"'ืžื” ืฉืฉื ื•ื ืขืœื™ืš ืœื ืชืขืฉื” ืœื—ื‘ืจืš,
04:28
That is the Torah and everything else is only commentary."
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ื–ื• (ืชืžืฆื™ืช) ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืฉืืจ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ื•ื" (ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ืœื™, ืฉื‘ืช ืœื/ื )
04:33
And the rabbis and the early fathers of the church who said that
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ื•ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ืกื™ื” ืฉืืžืจื• ื›ื™
04:37
any interpretation of scripture
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ื›ืœ ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืชื‘ื™ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ
04:40
that bred hatred and disdain was illegitimate.
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ื”ืžื˜ืคื—ืช ืฉื ืื” ื•ื‘ื•ื– ืคืกื•ืœื”.
04:44
And we need to revive that spirit.
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืจื•ื— ื”ื–ื•.
04:47
And it's not just going to happen
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ื•ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงืจื•ืช
04:49
because a spirit of love wafts us down.
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ื” ืฉืชืจื“ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืคืชืข.
04:52
We have to make this happen,
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื›ืš ืœืงืจื•ืช,
04:54
and we can do it
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ื•ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช
04:56
with the modern communications
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ืขื ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื
04:58
that TED has introduced.
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ืฉ-TED ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืœื ื•.
05:00
Already I've been tremendously heartened
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ื›ื‘ืจ ืขืชื” ืื ื™ ื ืจื’ืฉืช ืขื“ ืขื•ืžืง ืœื™ื‘ื™
05:03
at the response of all our partners.
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ืžืชื’ื•ื‘ืชื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื•.
05:06
In Singapore, we have a group
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ื‘ืกื™ื ื’ืคื•ืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”
05:10
going to use the Charter to heal divisions
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ื”ืžืชื›ื ื ืช ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืืžื ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืจืคื ืžื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช
05:14
recently that have sprung up in Singaporean society,
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ืฉืžืชื”ื•ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืกื™ื ื’ืคื•ืจื™ืช,
05:18
and some members of the parliament want
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ื•ื›ืžื” ื—ื‘ืจื™ ืคืจืœืžื ื˜ ืจื•ืฆื™ื
05:21
to implement it politically.
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ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื”.
05:24
In Malaysia, there is going to be an art exhibition
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ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ืช ืชืขืจื•ื›ืช ืืžื ื•ืช ื‘ืžืœื–ื™ื”
05:28
in which leading artists are going to be
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ืฉื‘ื” ืืžื ื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ
05:31
taking people, young people,
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ืื ืฉื™ื, ืื ืฉื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื,
05:35
and showing them that compassion also lies
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ื•ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื”ื ืฉื”ื—ืžืœื” ื ืžืฆืืช ื’ื
05:37
at the root of all art.
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ื‘ืฉื•ืจืฉืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช.
05:40
Throughout Europe, the Muslim communities
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ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื›ืœ ืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื•ืช
05:44
are holding events and discussions,
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ืžืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื•ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช
05:47
are discussing the centrality of compassion
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ื‘ื”ื ื“ื ื™ื ื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืžืœื”
05:50
in Islam and in all faiths.
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ื‘ืื™ืกืœืื ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืชื•ืช.
05:52
But it can't stop there. It can't stop with the launch.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ืขืฆืจ ืฉื. ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ืขืฆืจ ืขื ื”ืฉื™ื’ื•ืจ.
05:55
Religious teaching, this is where we've gone so wrong,
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ื”ื•ืจืื” ื“ืชื™ืช, ื–ื”ื• ื”ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ืคื ื™ื ื• ืœื“ืจืš ืฉื’ื•ื™ื”,
05:58
concentrating solely on believing abstruse doctrines.
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ืžืชืจื›ื–ื™ื ืจืง ื‘ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื“ื•ืงื˜ืจื™ื ื•ืช ืกืชื•ืžื•ืช.
06:02
Religious teaching must always lead to action.
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ื”ื•ืจืื” ื“ืชื™ืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืชืžื™ื“ ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืคืขื•ืœื”.
06:07
And I intend to work on this till my dying day.
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ื•ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื™ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื›ืš ืขื“ ื™ื•ื ืžื•ืชื™.
06:11
And I want to continue with our partners
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ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืขื ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
06:16
to do two things --
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ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื -
06:18
educate and stimulate compassionate thinking.
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ืœื—ื ืš ื•ืœื”ืžืจื™ืฅ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื—ื•ืžืœืช.
06:25
Education because we've so
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ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื ื•
06:28
dropped out of compassion.
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ื ื˜ืฉื ื• ืืช ื”ื—ืžืœื”.
06:30
People often think it simply means
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ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื—ืžืœื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื”
06:32
feeling sorry for somebody.
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ืœื”ืฆื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•.
06:34
But of course you don't understand compassion
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ืš ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืžืœื”
06:37
if you're just going to think about it.
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ืื ืชืกืชืคืง ืจืง ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืขืœื™ื”.
06:39
You also have to do it.
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ืขืœื™ื™ืš ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื”.
06:41
I want them to get the media involved
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื”ื ื™ืขืจื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช
06:44
because the media are crucial
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ื›ื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ืช
06:46
in helping to dissolve some of the stereotypical views
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืžื•ืกืก ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืกื˜ืจื™ืื•ื˜ื™ืคื™ื•ืช
06:49
we have of other people,
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื,
06:51
which are dividing us from one another.
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ืฉืžืคืจื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื.
06:53
The same applies to educators.
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ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื—ื ื›ื™ื
06:56
I'd like youth to get a sense of
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ
07:00
the dynamism, the dynamic and challenge
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ื”ื“ื™ื ืžื™ื•ืช, ื”ืžืจืฅ ื•ื”ืืชื’ืจ
07:04
of a compassionate lifestyle.
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ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื ื—ื•ืžืœ.
07:06
And also see that it demands acute intelligence,
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ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืฉื ื“ืจืฉ ืœื ื• ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืขืžื™ืง,
07:09
not just a gooey feeling.
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ืœื ืจืง ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ืžืชื•ืงื”.
07:12
I'd like to call upon scholars to explore
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ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœืงืจื•ื ืœืื ืฉื™ ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื” ืœื—ืงื•ืจ
07:15
the compassionate theme
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ืืช ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ืžืœื” (ืจื—ืžื™ื)
07:17
in their own and in other people's traditions.
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ื‘ืžืกื•ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ื‘ืžืกื•ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
07:21
And perhaps above all,
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ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืœ,
07:23
to encourage a sensitivity about
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ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™
07:27
uncompassionate speaking,
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ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืจื—ืžื™ื.
07:29
so that because people have this Charter,
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืœืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืืžื ื” ื”ื–ื•,
07:32
whatever their beliefs or lack of them,
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ืœืœื ืงืฉืจ ืœืืžื•ื ืชื ืื• ืœื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœื”ื,
07:36
they feel empowered
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ื”ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืžื•ืขืฆืžื™ื
07:38
to challenge uncompassionate speech,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงืจื•ื ืชื™ื’ืจ ืขืœ ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื—ืกืจ ื—ืžืœื”,
07:42
disdainful remarks
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ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืžื‘ื–ื•ืช
07:44
from their religious leaders, their political leaders,
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ืžืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื”ื ื”ื“ืชื™ื™ื, ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื”ื ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื,
07:47
from the captains of industry.
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ืžืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื”.
07:49
Because we can change the world,
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื,
07:51
we have the ability.
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ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื• ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช.
07:54
I would never have thought of putting the Charter online.
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ืœื ืขืœื” ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืืช ื”ืืžื ื” ื‘ืจืฉืช.
07:57
I was still stuck in the old world
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืชืงื•ืขื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ืฉืŸ
07:59
of a whole bunch of boffins sitting together in a room
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ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ื•ืจืช ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ื—ื“ ื‘ื—ื“ืจ
08:02
and issuing yet another arcane statement.
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ื•ืžืคื™ืงื™ื ืขื•ื“ ื”ืฆื”ืจื” ืžืกืชื•ืจื™ืช.
08:05
And TED introduced me to a whole new way
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ื•-TED ื”ืฆื™ื’ื• ื‘ืคื ื™ ื“ืจืš ื—ื“ืฉื” ืœื’ืžืจื™
08:08
of thinking and presenting ideas.
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ืฉืœ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื”, ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื’ืช ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช.
08:10
Because that is what is so wonderful about TED.
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ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื›ืœ ื›ืš ื™ืคื” ื‘-TED.
08:13
In this room, all this expertise,
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ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื”ื–ื”, ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื›ืืŸ,
08:18
if we joined it all together,
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ืื ื ื—ื‘ืจ ืื•ืชื” ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื‘ื™ื—ื“
08:20
we could change the world.
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ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื.
08:22
And of course the problems sometimes seem insuperable.
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ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื ืจืื” ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช.
08:27
But I'd just like to quote, finish at the end
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœืฆื˜ื˜, ืœืกื™ื•ื
08:30
with a reference to a British author, an Oxford author
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ืืžืจื” ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ืกืช ืœืžื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™, ืžืื•ืงืกืคื•ืจื“
08:34
whom I don't quote very often,
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ืฉืื™ื ื ื™ ื ื•ื˜ื” ืœืฆื˜ื˜ ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช,
08:36
C.S. Lewis.
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ืกื™. ืืก. ืœื•ืื™ืก.
08:38
But he wrote one thing that stuck in my mind
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ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘ ืงื˜ืข ืฉื ืชืงืข ื‘ืฉื›ืœื™
08:40
ever since I read it when I was a schoolgirl.
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ืžืื– ืฉืงืจืืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื™ ืชืœืžื™ื“ืช ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ.
08:43
It's in his book "The Four Loves."
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ื–ื”ื• ืงื˜ืข ืžืกืคืจื• "ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ืื”ื‘ื•ืช".
08:46
He said that he distinguished between erotic love,
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ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘, ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื”ื‘ื” ืืจื•ื˜ื™ืช,
08:50
when two people gaze, spellbound, into each other's eyes.
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ื›ืฉืฉื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื, ื ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืžื‘ื˜, ืžื•ืงืกืžื™ื, ื”ืื—ื“ ืœืชื•ืš ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ืฉื ื™
08:56
And then he compared that to friendship,
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ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื•ื•ื” ื–ืืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช.
08:59
when two people stand side by side, as it were, shoulder to shoulder,
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ื›ืฉืฉื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ืฆื“ ื–ื”, ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื›ืชืฃ ืœื™ื“ ื›ืชืฃ,
09:03
with their eyes fixed on a common goal.
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ื›ืฉืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช.
09:07
We don't have to fall in love with each other,
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ืื™ื ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืชืื”ื‘ ื”ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื™,
09:12
but we can become friends.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ื.
09:15
And I am convinced.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืฉื•ื›ื ืขืช,
09:17
I felt it very strongly
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ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ื–ืืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื” ืจื‘ื”
09:20
during our little deliberations at Vevey,
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ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื‘-Vevey (ืขื™ื™ืจื” ื‘ืฉื•ื™ื™ืฅ),
09:24
that when people of all different persuasions
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ืื– ื›ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช
09:28
come together, working side by side
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ื”ืชื›ื ืกื• ื™ื—ื“, ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื–ื” ืœืฆื“ ื–ื”
09:32
for a common goal,
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ืœืžืขืŸ ืžื˜ืจื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช,
09:34
differences melt away.
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ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื ืžืกื•
09:36
And we learn amity.
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ื•ืœืžื“ื ื• ืžื”ื™ ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช.
09:38
And we learn to live together and to get to know one another.
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ื•ืื ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื™ื—ื“ ื•ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™.
09:43
Thank you very much.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
09:45
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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