Mechai Viravaidya: How Mr. Condom made Thailand a better place

88,276 views ใƒป 2010-09-30

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Ariella Cwikel ืžื‘ืงืจ: Shahar Kaiser
00:15
Welcome to Thailand.
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ื‘ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืœืชืื™ืœื ื“
00:18
Now, when I was a young man -- 40 years ago,
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ื›ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื™ืฉ ืฆืขื™ืจ, ืœืคื ื™ 40 ืฉื ื”,
00:21
the country was very, very poor
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ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืื“ ืขื ื™ื”
00:23
with lots and lots and lots of people living in poverty.
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ืขื ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ื ื™.
00:26
We decided to do something about it,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื—ืœื˜ื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ,
00:29
but we didn't begin with a welfare program
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืขื ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืจื•ื•ื—ื”
00:31
or a poverty reduction program.
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ืื• ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืœื”ืคื—ืชืช ื”ืขื•ื ื™.
00:34
But we began with a family-planning program,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืœืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžืฉืคื—ื”,
00:37
following a very successful
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ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžื•ืฆืœื—ืช ืžืื“
00:39
maternal child health activity,
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ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืื ื•ื™ืœื“,
00:41
sets of activities.
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ืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช.
00:43
So basically, no one would accept family planning
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื™ืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžืฉืคื—ื”
00:46
if their children didn't survive.
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ืื ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืœื ื™ืฉืจื“ื•.
00:48
So the first step: get to the children, get to the mothers,
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ืื– ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ: ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืืžื”ื•ืช,
00:51
and then follow up with family planning.
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ื•ืื– ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืขื ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžืฉืคื—ื”.
00:53
Not just child mortality alone, you need also family planning.
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ืœื ืœื”ืชืขืกืง ืจืง ื‘ืชืžื•ืชืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžืฉืคื—ื”.
00:56
Now let me take you back
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืชื›ื
00:58
as to why we needed to do it.
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ืœืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื” ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.
01:00
In my country, that was the case in 1974.
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ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ืชื™, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื‘- 1974.
01:03
Seven children per family --
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ืฉื‘ืขื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืžืฉืคื—ื”.
01:05
tremendous growth at 3.3 percent.
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ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื” ืื“ื™ืจ ืฉืœ 3.3%
01:07
There was just no future.
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ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืขืชื™ื“.
01:09
We needed to reduce the population growth rate.
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ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื”.
01:11
So we said, "Let's do it."
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ืื– ืืžืจื ื• "ื‘ื•ื ื ืขืฉื” ืืช ื–ื”".
01:13
The women said, "We agree. We'll use pills,
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ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืืžืจื•, "ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกื›ื™ืžื•ืช, ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื’ืœื•ืœื•ืช,
01:15
but we need a doctor to prescribe the pills,"
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืฉื™ืจืฉืžื• ืืช ื”ื’ืœื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืืœื•,"
01:18
and we had very, very few doctors.
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ื•ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ืžืžืฉ ืžืขื˜ ืจื•ืคืื™ื.
01:20
We didn't take no as an answer;
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื”ืกื›ืžื ื• ืœืงื‘ืœ "ืœื" ื›ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”,
01:22
we took no as a question.
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ืœืงื—ื ื• "ืœื" ื›ืฉืืœื”.
01:24
We went to the nurses and the midwives, who were also women,
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ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืœืื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืžื™ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ืฉื”ืŸ ื’ื ื ืฉื™ื,
01:27
and did a fantastic job
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ืฉืขืฉื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื ื”ื“ืจืช
01:29
at explaining how to use the pill.
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ื‘ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื’ืœื•ืœื•ืช.
01:31
That was wonderful,
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื ื”ื“ืจ.
01:33
but it covered only 20 percent of the country.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื›ื™ืกื” ืจืง 20% ืžื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
01:35
What do we do for the other 80 percent --
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ืžื” ื ืขืฉื” ืขื 80% ื”ื ื•ืชืจื™ื---
01:37
leave them alone and say, "Well, they're not medical personnel."
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ื ืขื–ื•ื‘ ืื•ืชื ื•ื ื’ื™ื“ "ื˜ื•ื‘, ื”ื ืœื ืฆื•ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™?"
01:40
No, we decided to do a bit more.
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ืœื. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื—ืœื˜ื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ.
01:42
So we went to the ordinary people that you saw.
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ืื– ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื.
01:45
Actually, below that yellow sign --
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืžืชื—ืช ืœืฉืœื˜ ื”ืฆื”ื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื”--
01:47
I wish they hadn't wiped that,
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ื—ื‘ืœ ืฉื”ื ืžื—ืงื• ืืช ื–ื”,
01:49
because there was "Coca-Cola" there.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืฉื ืฉืœื˜ ืฉืœ ืงื•ืงื” ืงื•ืœื”.
01:52
We were so much bigger than Coca-Cola in those days.
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ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืงื•ืงื” ืงื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
01:55
And no difference,
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ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ื•ืžื”
01:57
the people they chose were the people we chose.
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ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื”ื™ื• ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื—ืจื ื•.
02:00
They were well-known in the community,
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ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”,
02:02
they knew that customers were always right,
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ื”ื ื™ื“ืขื• ืฉื”ืœืงื•ื— ืชืžื™ื“ ืฆื•ื“ืง,
02:04
and they were terrific, and they practiced their family planning themselves.
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ื•ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื ื”ื“ืจื™ื, ื•ื”ื ืชื™ืจื’ืœื• ืืช ืชื™ื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื.
02:07
So they could supply pills and condoms
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ื›ื›ื” ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœืกืคืง ื’ืœื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื
02:09
throughout the country, in every village of the country.
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ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ืคืจ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
02:11
So there we are. We went to the people
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ื”ื ื” ืื ื—ื ื•. ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื
02:13
who were seen as the cause of the problem
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ืฉื ืชืคืกื• ื›ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื‘ืขื™ื”
02:15
to be the solution.
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ื•ื”ืคื›ื ื• ืื•ืชื ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ.
02:17
Wherever there were people --
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ืื™ืคื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ืื ืฉื™ื---
02:19
and you can see boats with the women, selling things --
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืกื™ืจื•ืช ืขื ื”ื ืฉื™ื--ืžื•ื›ืจื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื--
02:21
here's the floating market
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ื”ื ื” ื”ืฉื•ืง ื”ืฆืฃ
02:23
selling bananas and crabs
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ืžื•ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ื ื ื•ืช ื•ืกืจื˜ื ื™ื
02:25
and also contraceptives --
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ื•ื’ื ืืžืฆืขื™ ืžื ื™ืขื”---
02:27
wherever you find people,
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ืื™ืคื” ืฉืชืžืฆืื• ืื ืฉื™ื,
02:29
you'll find contraceptives in Thailand.
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ืชืžืฆืื• ืืžืฆืขื™ ืžื ื™ืขื” ื‘ืชืื™ืœื ื“.
02:31
And then we decided, why not get to religion
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ื•ืื– ื”ื—ืœื˜ื ื• ืœืžื” ืฉืœื ื ืขื–ืจ ื‘ื“ืช,
02:33
because in the Philippines,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื‘ืคื™ืœื™ืคื™ื ื™ื,
02:35
the Catholic Church was pretty strong,
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ื”ื›ื ืกื™ื” ื”ืงืชื•ืœื™ืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื“ื™ ื—ื–ืงื”,
02:37
and Thai people were Buddhist.
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ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืชื™ืืœื ื“ ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื•ื“ื™ืกื˜ื™ื.
02:39
We went to them and they said, "Look, could you help us?"
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ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืืœื™ื”ื ื•ืืžืจื ื• "ืชืจืื•, ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื•?"
02:41
I'm there -- the one in blue, not the yellow --
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ืื ื™ ืฉื, ื–ื” ื‘ื›ื—ื•ืœ ืœื ื–ื” ื‘ืฆื”ื•ื‘,
02:44
holding a bowl of holy water
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ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ืงืขืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ื ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื
02:46
for the monk to sprinkle holy water
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื ื–ื™ืจ ืฉืžืชื™ื– ืžื™ื ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื
02:48
on pills and condoms
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ืขืœ ื’ืœื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื
02:50
for the sanctity of the family.
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”.
02:53
And this picture was sent throughout the country.
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ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื•ืคืฆื” ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
02:55
So some of the monks in the villages were doing the same thing themselves.
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ื•ื”ื™ื• ื›ืžื” ื ื–ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืคืจื™ื ืฉืขืฉื• ืืช ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขืฆืžื.
02:58
And the women were saying, "No wonder we have no side-effects.
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ื•ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืืžืจื• "ืื™ืŸ ืคืœื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื’ืœื•ืœื•ืช ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืื™,
03:01
It's been blessed."
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ื”ืŸ ืžื‘ื•ืจื›ื•ืช."
03:03
That was their perception.
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ื–ืืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืชืคื™ืกื” ืฉืœื”ืŸ.
03:05
And then we went to teachers.
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ื•ืื– ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืœืžื•ืจื™ื.
03:07
You need everybody to be involved
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ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื
03:10
in trying to provide whatever it is
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ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ืžื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš
03:13
that make humanity a better place.
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ืžืงื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
03:15
So we went to the teachers.
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ืื– ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืœืžื•ืจื™ื.
03:17
Over a quarter of a million were taught about family planning
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ืœื™ืžื“ื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืจื‘ืข ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžืฉืคื—ื”
03:19
with a new alphabet -- A, B for birth, C for condom,
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ืขื ื'-ื‘' ื—ื“ืฉ: ืœ -ืœื™ื“ื”, ืง- ืงื•ื ื“ื•ื,
03:22
I for IUD, V for vasectomy.
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ื”- ื”ืชืงืŸ ืชื•ืš ืจื—ืžื™, ื›- ื›ืจื™ืชืช ื–ื™ื ื•ืจ ื–ืจืข.
03:24
And then we had a snakes and ladders game, where you throw dice.
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ื•ืื– ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืžืฉื—ืง ืกื•ืœืžื•ืช ื•ื ื—ืฉื™ื, ืฉื‘ื• ื–ืจืงืช ืงื•ื‘ื™ื”.
03:26
If you land on anything pro-family planning, you move ahead.
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ืื ื ื—ืชืช ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืงื™ื“ื ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ืชืงื“ืžืช.
03:29
Like, "Mother takes the pill every night.
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ื›ืžื•, "ืืžื ืœื•ืงื—ืช ื’ืœื•ืœื” ื›ืœ ืœื™ืœื”.
03:31
Very good, mother. Move ahead.
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ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืื“ ืืžื, ื–ื•ื–ื™ ืงื“ื™ืžื”.
03:33
Uncle buys a condom. Very good, uncle. Move ahead.
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ื“ื•ื“ ืงื•ื ื” ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื. ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืื“, ื“ื•ื“. ื–ื•ื– ืงื“ื™ืžื”.
03:35
Uncle gets drunk, doesn't use condom. Come back, start again."
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ื“ื•ื“ ืžืฉืชื›ืจ ื•ืœื ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืงื•ื ื“ื•ื. ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืื—ื•ืจื”, ืชืชื—ื™ืœ ืžื”ืชื—ืœื”."
03:37
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:39
Again, education, class entertainment.
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ืฉื•ื‘, ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื“ืจืš ื”ื ืื” ื‘ื›ื™ืชื”.
03:42
And the kids were doing it in school too.
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ื•ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ.
03:44
We had relay races with condoms,
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ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ืชื—ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ื ืขื ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื.
03:46
we had children's condom-blowing championship.
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ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ืืœื™ืคื•ืช ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ืคื•ื— ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื.
03:48
And before long,
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ื•ืœื ืœืงื— ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ,
03:50
the condom was know as the girl's best friend.
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ื•ื”ืงื•ื ื“ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืฉื”.
03:53
In Thailand, for poor people, diamonds don't make it --
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ื‘ืชืื™ืœื ื“ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ื™ื™ื, ื™ื”ืœื•ืžื™ื ืœื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืœื”ื ืืช ื–ื”.
03:55
so the condom is the girl's best friend.
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ืื– ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืฉื”.
03:59
We introduced our first microcredit program in 1975,
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ื”ืฉืงื ื• ื‘-1975, ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืœื•ื•ืื•ืช ืœืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื,
04:02
and the women who organized it said,
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ื•ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืฉืืจื’ื ื• ืื•ืชื” ืืžืจื•,
04:04
"We only want to lend
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"ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื•ืช ืœื”ืœื•ื•ืช ืจืง
04:06
to women who practice family planning.
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ืœื ืฉื™ื ืฉืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ืœืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”.
04:08
If you're pregnant, take care of your pregnancy.
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ืื ืืช ื‘ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ, ืชื“ืื’ื™ ืœื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืš.
04:10
If you're not pregnant, you can take a loan out from us."
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ืื ืืช ืœื ื‘ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ, ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืงื—ืช ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ืžืื™ืชื ื•."
04:12
And that was run by them.
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ื•ื–ื” ื ื•ื”ืœ ืข"ื™ ื”ื ืฉื™ื.
04:14
And after 35/36 years,
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ื•ืื—ืจื™ 35, 36 ืฉื ื™ื
04:16
it's still going on.
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ื–ื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“.
04:18
It's a part of the Village Development Bank;
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ื–ื” ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื‘ื ืง ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื›ืคืจ.
04:20
it's not a real bank, but it's a fund -- microcredit.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ื‘ื ืง, ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืงืจืŸ-- ืžื™ืงืจื• ืืฉืจืื™.
04:23
And we didn't need a big organization to run it --
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ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืื™ื–ื” ืื™ืจื’ื•ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืจื™ืฅ ืืช ื–ื”.
04:25
it was run by the villagers themselves.
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ื–ื” ื ื•ื”ืœ ืข"ื™ ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืฆืžื.
04:27
And you probably hardly see a Thai man there,
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืชืื™ืœื ื“ื™ื.
04:29
it's always women, women, women, women.
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ื–ื” ืจืง ื ืฉื™ื, ื ืฉื™ื , ื ืฉื™ื.
04:32
And then we thought we'd help America,
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ื•ืื– ื—ืฉื‘ื ื• ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืืžืจื™ืงื”,
04:34
because America's been helping everyone,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืืžืจื™ืงื” ืชืžื™ื“ ืขื•ื–ืจืช ืœื›ื•ืœื,
04:36
whether they want help or not.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืขื–ืจื” ืื• ืœื.
04:38
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:43
And this is on the Fourth of July.
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ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™.
04:46
We decided to provide vasectomy to all men,
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ื”ื—ืœื˜ื ื• ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืœื”ืกืจืช ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ื”ื–ืจืข ืœื›ืœ ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื,
04:49
but in particular, American men to the front of the queue,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ืœืงื“ืžืช ื”ืชื•ืจ,
04:51
right up to the Ambassador's residence
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืœื™ื“ ืžื’ื•ืจื™ ื”ืฉื’ืจื™ืจ
04:53
during his vin d'honneur.
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืื™ืจื•ืข ืฉืœื•.
04:55
And the hotel gave us the ballroom for it --
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ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืœื•ืŸ ื ืชืŸ ืœื ื• ืื•ืœื ื ืฉืคื™ื (ื’ื: ืื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื).
04:57
very appropriate room.
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ื—ื“ืจ ืžืžืฉ ื”ื•ืœื.
04:59
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
05:02
And since it was near lunch time,
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ื•ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื–ืžืŸ ืืจื•ื—ืช ื”ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื,
05:04
they said, "All right, we'll give you some lunch.
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ื”ื ืืžืจื•: "ืื•ืงื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื›ื ืืจื•ื—ืช ืฆื”ืจื™ื.
05:06
Of course, it must be American cola.
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ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงื•ืœื” ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช.
05:08
You get two brands, Coke and Pepsi.
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ืงื‘ืœื ื• ืฉื ื™ ืกื•ื’ื™ื, ืงื•ืœื” ื•ืคืคืกื™.
05:10
And then the food is either hamburger or hotdog."
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ื•ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžื‘ื•ืจื’ืจ ืื• ื ืงื ื™ืงื™ื”."
05:13
And I thought a hotdog will be more symbolic.
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ืื ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื ืงื ื™ืงื™ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืกืžืœื™.
05:15
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
05:17
And here is this, then, young man called Willy Bohm
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ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ืฉื ืงืจื ื•ื•ื™ืœื™ ื‘ื•ื”ื
05:20
who worked for the USAID.
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ืฉืขื‘ื“ ืขื‘ื•ืจ USAID (ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™).
05:22
Obviously, he's had his vasectomy
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ืœืœื ืกืคืง ื”ื•ื ืขื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื—
05:24
because his hotdog is half eaten, and he was very happy.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื ืงื ื™ืงื™ื” ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื—ืฆื™ ืื›ื•ืœื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ืฉืžื—.
05:27
It made a lot of news in America, and it angered some people also.
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ื–ื” ืขืฉื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”, ื•ื–ื” ื’ื ืขืฆื‘ืŸ ื›ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื.
05:30
I said, "Don't worry. Come over and I'll do the whole lot of you."
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ื•ืื ื™ ืืžืจืชื™ " ืืœ ืชื“ืื’ื•, ืชื‘ื•ืื• ืœืคื” ื•ืื ื™ ืืขืฉื” ืœื›ื•ืœื›ื ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื."
05:32
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
05:34
And what happened?
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ื•ืžื” ืงืจื”?
05:36
In all this thing,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”.
05:38
from seven children to 1.5 children,
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ืžืฉื‘ืขื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœื™ืœื“ ื•ื—ืฆื™.
05:40
population growth rate of 3.3 to 0.5.
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ืงืฆื‘ ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื” ืž 3.3 ืœ 0.5
05:43
You could call it the Coca-Cola approach if you like --
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื–ื” ื’ื™ืฉืช ื”ืงื•ืงื”-ืงื•ืœื”.
05:46
it was exactly the same thing.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง.
05:48
I'm not sure whether Coca-Cola followed us, or we followed Coca-Cola,
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ืงื™ื ื• ืืช ืงื•ืงื” ืงื•ืœื” ืื• ืฉื”ื ื—ื™ืงื• ืื•ืชื ื•.
05:51
but we're good friends.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื.
05:53
And so that's the case of everyone joining in.
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ื•ื›ื›ื” ืžืขื•ืจืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ื•ืœื.
05:55
We didn't have a strong government. We didn't have lots of doctors.
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ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ืžืžืฉืœื” ื—ื–ืงื” , ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืจื•ืคืื™ื.
05:58
But it's everybody's job
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ืืช ื”ื™ืชื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื•ืœื,
06:00
who can change attitude and behavior.
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ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื’ื™ืฉื” ื•ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช.
06:02
Then AIDS came along and hit Thailand,
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ื•ืื– ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ืื™ื™ื“ืก ืœืชื™ืืœื ื“.
06:04
and we had to stop doing a lot of good things
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืืœืฆื ื• ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื
06:06
to fight AIDS.
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืื™ื™ื“ืก
06:08
But unfortunately, the government was in denial, denial, denial.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืจื•ืข ื”ืžื–ืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื”ื›ื—ืฉื”, ื”ื›ื—ืฉื”, ื”ื›ื—ืฉื”.
06:11
So our work wasn't affected.
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ื›ื›ื” ืฉื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื• ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื™ืขื™ืœื”.
06:13
So I thought, "Well, if you can't go to the government, go to the military."
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ืื ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ " ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื•ืœืš ืขื ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื™ืœืš ืขื ื”ืฆื‘ื."
06:16
So I went to the military
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ืื– ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืฆื‘ื
06:18
and asked to borrow 300 radio stations.
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ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉื ื• ืœื”ืฉืื™ืœ 300 ืชื—ื ื•ืช ืจื“ื™ื•.
06:20
They have more than the government,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ืœืžืžืฉืœื”.
06:22
and they've got more guns than the government.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืืฉืจ ืœืžืžืฉืœื”.
06:24
So I asked them, could they help us
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ืื– ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื ืื ื”ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื•.
06:26
in our fight against HIV.
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ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ืฉืœื ื• ื ื’ื“ ืื™ื™ื“ืก.
06:28
And after I gave them statistics,
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ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื ืชืชื™ ืœื”ื ืืช ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื”.
06:30
they said, "Yes. Okay. You can use all the radio stations, television stations."
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ื”ื ืืžืจื•, "ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืจื“ื™ื• ื•ื”ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”".
06:33
And that's when we went onto the airwaves.
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ื•ื›ื›ื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืื•ื•ื™ืจ.
06:36
And then we got a new prime minister soon after that.
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ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืจืืฉ ืžืžืฉืœื” ื—ื“ืฉ ื™ืฉืจ ืื—ืจื™ ื–ื”.
06:38
And he said, "Mechai, could you come and join?"
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, "ืžื™ืฆ'ืื™, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ?"
06:41
He asked me in because he liked my wife a lot.
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ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžืžื ื™ ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืื”ื‘ ืžืื“ ืืช ืื™ืฉืชื™.
06:43
So I said, "Okay."
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ืื– ืืžืจืชื™ "ื‘ืกื“ืจ".
06:45
He became the chairman of the National AIDS Committee
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ื”ื•ื ื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืื™ื™ื“ืก
06:47
and increased the budget fifty-fold.
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ื•ื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื‘ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืื—ื•ื–.
06:49
Every ministry, even judges, had to be involved in AIDS education --
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ื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ืœืงื—ื• ื—ืœืง ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœืื™ื™ื“ืก.
06:52
everyone -- and we said the public, institutions,
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ื›ื•ืœื, ื•ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช
06:55
religious institutions, schools --
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ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื“ืช, ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ--
06:57
everyone was involved.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื.
06:59
And here, every media person
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ื•ื›ืืŸ, ื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช
07:01
had to be trained for HIV.
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ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ืžืŸ ืœืื™ื™ื“ืก.
07:03
And we gave every station half a minute extra
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ื•ื ืชื ื• ืœื›ืœ ืชื—ื ื” ื—ืฆื™ ื“ืงื” ืืงืกื˜ืจื”
07:06
for advertising to earn more money.
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ืœืคื™ืจืกื•ื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื— ื›ืกืฃ.
07:09
So they were happy with that.
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ื›ื›ื” ืฉื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืจื•ืฆื™ื ืžื–ื”.
07:11
And then AIDS education in all schools,
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ื•ืื– ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœืื™ื™ื“ืก ื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ.
07:13
starting from university.
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ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืžื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”.
07:15
And these are high school kids teaching high school kids.
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ื•ืืœื” ื”ื ื™ืœื“ื™ ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ื™ืœื“ื™ ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ื.
07:18
And the best teachers were the girls, not the boys,
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ื•ื”ืžื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืŸ ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช, ืœื ื”ื‘ื ื™ื.
07:20
and they were terrific.
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ื•ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืช.
07:22
And these girls who go around teaching about safe sex and HIV
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ื•ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืฉื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื• ื•ืœื™ืžื“ื• ืขืœ ืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืขืœ ืื™ื™ื“ืก.
07:25
were known as Mother Theresa.
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ื ืงืจืื• ืืžื ืชืจื–ื”.
07:28
And then we went down one more step.
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ื•ืื– ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืขื•ื“ ืฆืขื“ ืœืžื˜ื”.
07:30
These are primary school kids -- third, fourth grade --
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ืืœื• ื”ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื- ื›ื™ืชื” ื’', ื“'
07:32
going to every household in the village,
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ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื›ืคืจ,
07:34
every household in the whole of Thailand,
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ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืชืื™ืœื ื“.
07:36
giving AIDS information and a condom
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ืžื—ืœืงื™ื ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืื™ื™ื“ืก ื•ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื.
07:38
to every household,
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ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช
07:40
given by these young kids.
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ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื.
07:42
And no parents objected, because we were trying to save lives,
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ื•ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืœื ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื ื™ืกื™ื ื• ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื,
07:45
and this was a lifesaver.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืฆื™ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื.
07:48
And we said, "Everyone needs to be involved."
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืืžืจื ื• "ื›ื•ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื".
07:50
So you have the companies also realizing
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ื•ื™ืฉ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื•
07:52
that sick staff don't work, and dead customers don't buy.
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ืฉืฆื•ื•ืช ื—ื•ืœื” ืœื ืขื•ื‘ื“, ื•ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืžืชื™ื ืœื ืงื•ื ื™ื.
07:54
So they all trained.
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ืื– ื”ื ืขื‘ืจื• ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช.
07:56
And then we have this Captain Condom,
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ื•ืื– ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืืช ืงืคื˜ืŸ ืงื•ื ื“ื•ื,
07:58
with his Harvard MBA,
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ืขื ืชื•ืืจ ืžื”ืจื•ื•ืืจื“
08:00
going to schools and night spots.
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ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ื•ืœื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืœื™ืœื”.
08:02
And they loved him. You need a symbol of something.
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ื•ื”ื ืื”ื‘ื• ืื•ืชื•. ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืกืžืœ.
08:05
In every country, every program, you need a symbol,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืกืžืœ,
08:08
and this is probably the best thing he's ever done with his MBA.
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ื•ื–ื” ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ืขื ื”ืชื•ืืจ ืฉืœื•.
08:11
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:14
And then we gave condoms out everywhere on the streets --
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ื—ื™ืœืงื ื• ืงื•ืžื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœื›ื•ืœื ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช---
08:16
everywhere, everywhere.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื, ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื.
08:18
In taxis, you get condoms.
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ื‘ืžื•ื ื™ืช ืงื™ื‘ืœืช ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื.
08:20
And also, in traffic,
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ื’ื ื‘ืคืงืง.
08:22
the policemen give you condoms -- our "cops and rubbers" programs.
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ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ื—ื™ืœืงื• ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื-- ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช "ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ื•ื’ื•ืžื™" (ื ืฉืžืข ื›ืžื•: ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ื•ื’ื ื‘ื™ื).
08:25
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:28
So, can you imagine New York policemen giving out condoms?
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง ืžื—ืœืงื™ื ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื?
08:31
Of course I can. And they'd enjoy it immensely;
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ืื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื™ื›ื•ืœ. ื•ื”ื ื™ื”ื ื• ืžื–ื”.
08:34
I see them standing around right now, everywhere.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืื•ืชื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืžืฉ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื.
08:36
Imagine if they had condoms,
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ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื,
08:38
giving out to all sorts of people.
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ืœื—ืœืง ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื.
08:40
And then, new change,
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ื•ืื–, ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ื“ืฉ,
08:42
we had hair bands, clothing
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ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ื’ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืขืจ, ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื,
08:44
and the condom for your mobile phone
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ื•ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ ืฉืœืš
08:46
during the rainy season.
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ื’ืฉื•ืžื”.
08:48
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:50
And these were the condoms that we introduced.
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ื•ืืœื” ื”ื ื”ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื”ืฆื’ื ื•.
08:55
One says, "Weapon of mass protection."
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ืื—ื“ ืืžืจ, " ื ืฉืง ืœื”ื’ื ื” ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช."
08:57
We found --
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฆืื ื•.
08:59
you know -- somebody here was searching for the weapon of mass destruction,
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื—ื™ืคืฉ ื ืฉืง ืœื”ืฉืžื“ื” ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช,
09:02
but we have found the weapon of mass protection: the condom.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฆืื ื• ืืช ื”ื ืฉืง ืœื”ื’ื ื” ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช--- ื”ืงื•ื ื“ื•ื.
09:05
And then it says here, with the American flag,
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ื•ื›ืืŸ ื›ืชื•ื‘, ืขื ื”ื“ื’ืœ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™,
09:07
"Don't leave home without it."
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"ืืœ ืชืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื•."
09:09
But I have some to give out afterward.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื›ืžื” ืœื—ืœืง ืื—ืจ ื›ืš.
09:12
But let me warn you, these are Thai-sized,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื–ื”ื™ืจ, ื”ื ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืชืื™ืœื ื“ื™ืช,
09:14
so be very careful.
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ื›ื›ื” ืฉืชื”ื™ื• ืžืื“ ื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื.
09:16
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
09:18
And so you can see
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช
09:20
that condoms can do so many things.
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ื”ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
09:23
Look at this --
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ืชืกืชื›ืœื• ืขืœ ื–ื”
09:25
I gave this to Al Gore and to Bill Senior also.
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ื ืชืชื™ ืืช ื–ื” ืœืืœ ื’ื•ืจ ื•ืœื‘ื™ืœ ืกื ื™ื•ืจ.
09:28
Stop global warming; use condoms.
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ืขืฆืจื• ืืช ื”ื”ืชื—ืžืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช, ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื.
09:32
And then this is the picture I mentioned to you --
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉื”ื–ื›ืจืชื™-
09:35
the weapon of mass protection.
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ื”ื ืฉืง ืœื”ื’ื ื” ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช.
09:38
And let the next Olympics save some lives.
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ื•ืฉื”ืื•ืœื™ืžืคื™ืื“ื” ื”ื‘ืื” ืชืฆื™ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื.
09:41
Why just run around?
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ืœืžื” ืจืง ืœืจื•ืฅ ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘?
09:43
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
09:46
And then finally,
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ื•ืื– ืœืกื™ื•ื,
09:48
in Thailand we're Buddhist, we don't have a God,
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ื‘ืชื™ืืœื ื“ ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื•ื“ื”ื™ืกื˜ื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืืœื•ื”ื™ื,
09:51
so instead, we say, "In rubber we trust."
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ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืžื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื".
09:53
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
09:55
So you can see that we added everything to our endeavor
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ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ืฆืจืคื ื• ื”ื›ืœ ืœืžืืžืฅ ืฉืœื ื•
09:57
to make life better for the people.
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื.
09:59
We had condoms in all the refrigerators in the hotels and the schools,
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ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืžืงืจืจื™ื ื‘ืžืœื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ,
10:02
because alcohol impairs judgment.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืืœื›ื•ื”ื•ืœ ืžืฉื‘ืฉ ืืช ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื”ื“ืขืช.
10:04
And then what happened?
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ื•ืื– ืžื” ืงื•ืจื”?
10:06
After all this time, everybody joined in.
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ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ื›ื•ืœื ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื•.
10:09
According to the U.N.,
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ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื•"ื,
10:10
new cases of HIV
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ืžืงืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ืื™ื™ื“ืก
10:12
declined by 90 percent,
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ืคื—ืชื• ื‘-90%.
10:14
and according to the World Bank,
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ื•ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™,
10:16
7.7 million lives were saved.
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7.7 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ื ื™ืฆืœื•.
10:18
Otherwise there wouldn't be many Thais walking around today.
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ืื—ืจืช ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืชื™ืืœื ื“ื™ื ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื.
10:21
So it just showed you, you could do something about it.
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ืื– ื–ื” ืจืง ืžืจืื” ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœื–ื”.
10:24
90 percent of the funding came from Thailand.
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90% ืžื”ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืžืชืื™ืœื ื“.
10:26
There was political commitment, some financial commitment,
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ื”ื™ืชื” ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช, ืงืฆืช ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช,
10:29
and everybody joined in the fight.
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ื•ื›ื•ืœื ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืœืžืื‘ืง.
10:31
So just don't leave it to the specialists and doctors and nurses.
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ืืœ ืชืฉืื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืžื•ืžื—ื™ื, ืœืจื•ืคืื™ื ื•ืœืื—ื™ื•ืช.
10:34
We all need to help.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืจืชื.
10:36
And then we decided to help people out of poverty,
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ื•ืื– ื”ื—ืœื˜ื ื• ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœืฆืืช ืžื”ืขื•ื ื™,
10:38
now that we got AIDS somewhat out of the way --
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ืฉืื™ื™ื“ืก ื›ื‘ืจ ืคื—ื•ืช ืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืง,
10:40
this time, not with government alone,
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ื”ืคืขื, ืœื ืจืง ืขื ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”,
10:42
but in cooperation with the business community.
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ืืœื ืขื ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ืขืกืงื™ืช.
10:45
Because poor people are business people
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขื•ื ื™ ื”ื ืื ืฉื™ ืขืกืงื™ื
10:47
who lack business skills and access to credit.
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ืฉื—ืกืจื•ืช ืœื”ื ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืกืงื™ื•ืช ื•ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืืฉืจืื™
10:50
Those are the things to be provided by the business community.
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ืืœื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ืคืงื™ื ืข"ื™ ืงื”ื™ืœืช ื”ืขืกืงื™ื.
10:53
We're trying to turn them into barefoot entrepreneurs,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืื•ืชื ืœื™ื–ืžื™ื ื™ื—ืคื™ื,
10:56
little business people.
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ืื ืฉื™ ืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื.
10:58
The only way out of poverty is through business enterprise.
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ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืขื•ื ื™ ื”ื™ื ื“ืจืš ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ืขื™ืกืงื™ืช.
11:00
So, that was done.
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ืื– ื–ื” ื ืขืฉื”.
11:02
The money goes from the company into the village
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ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืžื’ื™ืข ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœื›ืคืจ
11:04
via tree-planting.
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ื“ืจืš ืฉืชื™ืœืช ืขืฆื™ื.
11:06
It's not a free gift.
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ื–ื• ืœื ืžืชื ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื.
11:08
They plant the trees, and the money goes into their microcredit fund,
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ื”ื ืฉื•ืชืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืขืฆื™ื ื•ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืงืจืŸ ื”ืžื™ืงืจื• ืืฉืจืื™ ืฉืœื”ื,
11:10
which we call the Village Development Bank.
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื” ื‘ื ืง ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืคืจ.
11:12
Everybody joins in,
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ื›ื•ืœื ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื,
11:14
and they feel they own the bank,
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ื”ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื ื”ื‘ืขืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื ืง,
11:16
because they have brought the money in.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื ืžื›ื ื™ืกื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืคื ื™ืžื”.
11:18
And before you can borrow the money, you need to be trained.
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ื•ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืืชื” ืœื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ,ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื›ืฉืจื”.
11:21
And we believe if you want to help the poor,
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื, ืื ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ื™ื™ื,
11:23
those who are living in poverty,
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ืœืืœื” ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ื ื™,
11:25
access to credit must be a human right.
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ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืืฉืจืื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืช ืžื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื.
11:28
Access to credit must be a human right.
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ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืืฉืจืื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืช ืžื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื.
11:30
Otherwise they'll never get out of poverty.
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ืื—ืจืช ื”ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ืฆืื• ืžื”ืขื•ื ื™.
11:33
And then before getting a loan, you must be trained.
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ื•ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ืžื ื™ื.
11:35
Here's what we call a "barefoot MBA,"
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ื™ื—ืคื•ืช
11:37
teaching people how to do business
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ืœืœืžื“ ืื ืฉื™ื ืื™ืš ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืขืกืงื™ื
11:39
so that, when they borrow money, they'll succeed with the business.
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ื›ื›ื” ืฉื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ื”ื ื™ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ื‘ืขืกืงื™ื.
11:42
These are some of the businesses:
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ื”ื ื” ื›ืžื” ืžืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื:
11:44
mushrooms, crabs, vegetables,
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ืคื˜ืจื™ื•ืช,ืกืจื˜ื ื™ื, ื™ืจืงื•ืช,
11:47
trees, fruits,
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ืขืฆื™ื, ืคื™ืจื•ืช,
11:49
and this is very interesting -- Nike ice cream and Nike biscuits;
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืื“ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ--- ื’ืœื™ื“ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืกืงื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ื ื ื™ื™ืง.
11:52
this is a village sponsored by Nike.
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ื”ื›ืคืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžืžื•ืžืŸ ืข"ื™ ื ื™ื™ืง.
11:54
They said, "They should stop making shoes and clothes.
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ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื, "ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื.
11:56
Make these better, because we can afford them."
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ืชืขืฉื• ืืช ืืœื• ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ื™ ืื•ืชื ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžื ื•".
12:00
And then we have silk, Thai silk.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืžืฉื™, ืžืฉื™ ืชืื™ืœื ื“ื™
12:02
Now we're making Scottish tartans, as you can see on the left,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื›ื™ื ื™ื ืชืœื‘ื•ืฉื•ืช ืกืงื•ื˜ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืชืจืื• ืžืฉืžืืœ,
12:05
to sell to all people of Scottish ancestors.
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืžื•ืฆื ืกืงื•ื˜ื™.
12:08
So anyone sitting in and watching TV,
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ืื– ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื•ืจื•ืื” ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”,
12:10
get in touch with me.
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ืฆืจื• ืงืฉืจ ืื™ืชื™.
12:12
And then this is our answer to Starbucks in Thailand --
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ืชื™ืœืื ื“ื™ืช ืœืกื˜ืจื‘ืงืก---
12:15
"Coffee and Condoms."
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"ืงืคื” ื•ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื"
12:17
See, Starbucks you awake, we keep you awake and alive.
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ืจื•ืื™ื, ืกื˜ืืจื‘ืงืก ื•ืืชื” ืขืจ. ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœื™ืš ืขืจ ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื.
12:20
That's the difference.
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ื–ื” ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ.
12:22
Can you imagine, at every Starbucks
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืกื˜ืืจื‘ืงืก
12:24
that you can also get condoms?
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ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื’ื ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื?
12:26
You can order your condoms with your with your cappuccino.
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ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืขื ื”ืงืคื•ืฆ'ื™ื ื• ืฉืœืš.
12:31
And then now, finally in education,
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš
12:33
we want to change the school as being underutilized
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ, ืžืžืฆื‘ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื ื•ืฆืœ ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืžืกืคืงืช
12:36
into a place where it's a lifelong learning center for everyone.
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ืœืžืงื•ื ืฉืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืžืจื›ื– ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืœื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืœื›ื•ืœื.
12:40
We call this our School-Based Integrated Rural Development.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื–ื” ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื›ืคืจ ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจื™.
12:43
And it's a center, a focal point
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืจื›ื–, ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช,
12:45
for economic and social development.
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ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื•ื—ื‘ืจืชื™.
12:47
Re-do the school,
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ืชืฉื ื• ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ,
12:49
make it serve the community needs.
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ืฉื™ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืฉืจืช ืืช ืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื”.
12:52
And here is a bamboo building --
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ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืžื‘ื•ืง
12:54
all of them are bamboo.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืžื‘ืžื‘ื•ืง.
12:56
This is a geodesic dome made of bamboo.
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ื–ื• ื›ื™ืคื” ื’ื™ืื•ื“ื–ื™ืช ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืžื‘ืžื‘ื•ืง.
12:59
And I'm sure Buckminster Fuller would be very, very proud
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ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉื‘ืืงืžื™ื ืกื˜ืจ ืคื™ื•ืœืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืื“ ื’ืื”
13:02
to see a bamboo geodesic dome.
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ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืจืื” ืืช ื”ื›ื™ืคื” ื”ื’ื™ืื•ื“ื–ื™ืช.
13:05
And we use vegetables around the school ground,
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ืชืœื™ื ื™ืจืงื•ืช ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ,
13:07
so they raise their own vegetables.
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ื›ื›ื” ืฉื”ื ืžื’ื“ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ืจืงื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
13:09
And then, finally, I firmly believe,
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ
13:12
if we want the MDGs to work --
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ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื”- MDG ื™ืขื‘ื“ื• -
13:14
the Millennium Development Goals --
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ื™ืขื“ื™ ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื ื™ื•ื -
13:16
we need to add family planning to it.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื”ื ืืช ื ื•ืฉื ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”.
13:18
Of course, child mortality first and then family planning --
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ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืชืžื•ืชืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืงื•ื“ื ื•ืื– ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžืฉืคื—ื”.
13:21
everyone needs family planning service --
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ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžืฉืคื—ื”.
13:23
it's underutilized.
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ื–ื” ืœื ืžื ื•ืฆืœ ืžืกืคื™ืง.
13:25
So we have now found the weapon of mass protection.
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ืื– ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžืฆืื ื• ืืช ื”ื ืฉืง ืœื”ื’ื ื” ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช.
13:27
And we also ask the next Olympics
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ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉื ื• ืžื”ืื•ืœื™ืžืคื™ื“ื” ื”ื‘ืื”
13:29
to be involved in saving lives.
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ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืžืขื•ืจื‘ืช ื‘ื”ืฆืœืช ื—ื™ื™ื.
13:32
And then, finally, that is our network.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ืจืฉืช ืฉืœื ื•
13:35
And these are our Thai tulips.
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ื•ืืœื” ื”ื ื”-"ืฆื‘ืขื•ื ื™ื ื”ืชืื™ืœื ื“ื™ื™ื" ืฉืœื ื•.
13:38
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
13:40
Thank you very much indeed.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”
13:42
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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