What does my headscarf mean to you? | Yassmin Abdel-Magied

821,083 views ใƒป 2015-05-27

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Niva Kaspi ืžื‘ืงืจ: Orr Schlesinger
00:13
Someone who looks like me walks past you in the street.
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื ืจืื” ื›ืžื•ื ื™ ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืœื™ื“ื›ื ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘.
00:18
Do you think they're a mother,
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ื”ืื ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืืžื,
00:20
a refugee
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ืคืœื™ื˜ื”
00:22
or a victim of oppression?
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ืื• ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื›ื•ื™?
00:24
Or do you think they're a cardiologist,
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ืื• ื”ืื ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืงืจื“ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช,
00:26
a barrister
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ืขื•ืจื›ืช ื“ื™ืŸ
00:27
or maybe your local politician?
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ืื• ืื•ืœื™ ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช?
00:30
Do you look me up and down,
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ื”ืื ืืชื ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื ืื•ืชื™,
00:32
wondering how hot I must get
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ื•ืชื•ื”ื™ื ื›ืžื” ื‘ื˜ื— ื—ื ืœื™
00:33
or if my husband has forced me to wear this outfit?
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ืื• ืื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื›ืจื™ื— ืื•ืชื™ ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ื‘ื’ื“ ื”ื–ื”?
00:38
What if I wore my scarf like this?
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ื•ืžื” ืื ื—ื‘ืฉืชื™ ืืช ื”ืฆืขื™ืฃ ื›ื›ื”?
00:43
I can walk down the street in the exact same outfit
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื‘ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง
00:46
and what the world expects of me and the way I'm treated
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ื•ืžื” ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ืžืฆืคื” ืžืžื ื™ ื•ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืืœื™
00:49
depends on the arrangement of this piece of cloth.
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ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื” ืคื™ืกืช ื”ื‘ื“ ื”ื–ื• ืžืกื•ื“ืจืช.
00:52
But this isn't going to be another monologue about the hijab
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื”ื• ืœื ืขื•ื“ ืžื•ื ื•ืœื•ื’ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ื’'ืื‘
00:55
because Lord knows, Muslim women are so much more than the piece of cloth
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืคื™ืกืช ื”ื‘ื“ ืฉื‘ื”
00:59
they choose, or not, to wrap their head in.
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ื”ืŸ ื‘ื•ื—ืจื•ืช, ืื• ืฉืœื, ืœืขื˜ื•ืฃ ืืช ืจืืฉืŸ.
01:03
This is about looking beyond your bias.
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ื–ื” ืขืœ ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื“ืขื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืžื•ืช.
01:08
What if I walked past you and later on
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ืžื” ืื ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ืœื™ื“ื›ื ื•ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ
01:10
you'd found out that actually I was a race car engineer,
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ื’ื™ืœื™ืชื ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ืขืฆื ืžื”ื ื“ืกืช ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืจื•ืฅ,
01:13
and that I designed my own race car and I ran my university's race team,
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ื•ืฉืชื›ื ื ืชื™ ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืจื•ืฅ ืžืฉืœื™ ื•ื ื”ืœืชื™ ืืช ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ืžืจื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”?
01:17
because it's true.
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ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
01:19
What if I told you that I was actually trained as a boxer for five years,
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ื•ืžื” ืื ืื•ืžืจ ืœื›ื ืฉืื•ืžื ืชื™ ื›ืžืชืื’ืจืคืช ื‘ืžืฉืš ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื,
01:24
because that's true, too.
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ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื’ื ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
01:26
Would it surprise you?
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ื”ืื ืชืชืคืœืื•?
01:29
Why?
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ืœืžื”?
01:31
Ladies and gentlemen, ultimately,
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ื’ื‘ื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื™, ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ,
01:33
that surprise and the behaviors associated with it
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ื”ื”ืชืคืœืื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ื•ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืœื•ื•ื” ืœื”
01:36
are the product of something called unconscious bias,
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ื”ืŸ ืชื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื ืงืจื ื“ืขื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชืช-ืžื•ื“ืข,
01:39
or implicit prejudice.
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ืื• ื“ืขื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ืœืขื•ืช.
01:40
And that results in the ridiculously detrimental
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ื•ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื–ื” ื”ื ื—ื•ืกืจ ื’ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืžื’ื•ื—ืš
01:43
lack of diversity in our workforce,
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ื•ืžื–ื™ืง ื‘ื›ื— ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื•.
01:45
particularly in areas of influence.
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ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืฉืคืขื”.
01:47
Hello, Australian Federal Cabinet.
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ืฉืœื•ื ืœืงื‘ื™ื ื˜ ื”ืื•ืกื˜ืจืœื™.
01:50
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
01:52
Let me just set something out from the outset:
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ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžืฉื”ื• ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ:
01:55
Unconscious bias is not the same as conscious discrimination.
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ื“ืขื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชืช-ืžื•ื“ืข ืื™ื ืŸ ืืคืœื™ื™ื” ืฉื‘ืชืช-ืžื•ื“ืข.
01:58
I'm not saying that in all of you, there's a secret sexist or racist
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ืื™ื ื ื™ ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉื‘ื›ื•ืœื›ื ื™ืฉ ื’ื–ืขืŸ ืื• ืกืงืกื™ืกื˜ ืกื•ื“ื™
02:02
or ageist lurking within, waiting to get out.
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ืื• ืื ื˜ื™-ื–ืงื ื™ื ืฉืžืื™ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืจืฅ ืžื‘ืคื ื™ื.
02:04
That's not what I'm saying.
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ื–ื” ืœื ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจืช.
02:06
We all have our biases.
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ืœื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ืฉ ื“ืขื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืžื•ืช.
02:08
They're the filters through which we see the world around us.
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ืืœื• ื”ืคื™ืœื˜ืจื™ื ื“ืจื›ื ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ื ื•.
02:11
I'm not accusing anyone,
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ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืืฉื™ืžื” ืืฃ ืื—ื“,
02:13
bias is not an accusation.
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ื“ืขื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ืื™ืฉื•ื.
02:15
Rather, it's something that has to be identified,
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื–ื”ื•ืช,
02:17
acknowledged and mitigated against.
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ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ืจ ื•ืœืžืชืŸ ื›ื ื’ื“ื•.
02:21
Bias can be about race,
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ื“ืขื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืžื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื’ื–ืข,
02:22
it can be about gender.
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ื”ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื’ื“ืจ.
02:23
It can also be about class, education, disability.
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ื”ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื’ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžืขืžื“, ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื ื›ื•ืช.
02:27
The fact is, we all have biases against what's different,
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ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ืฉ ื“ืขื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืžื•ืช ื›ื ื’ื“ ืžื” ืฉืฉื•ื ื”,
02:30
what's different to our social norms.
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ืžื” ืฉืฉื•ื ื” ืžื”ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
02:33
The thing is, if we want to live in a world
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ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ืื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื
02:36
where the circumstances of your birth
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ืฉื‘ื• ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ืฉืœื›ื
02:39
do not dictate your future
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ืœื ืžื›ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืช ืขืชื™ื“ื›ื
02:41
and where equal opportunity is ubiquitous,
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ื•ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื ืคื•ืฅ,
02:44
then each and every one of us has a role to play
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ืื– ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื™ืฉ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืœืžืœื
02:47
in making sure unconscious bias does not determine our lives.
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ื‘ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื“ืขื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชืช-ืžื•ื“ืข ืœื ืžื›ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.
02:52
There's this really famous experiment in the space of unconscious bias
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ื™ืฉื ื• ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ืžืื“ ืžืคื•ืจืกื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืฉืœ ื“ืขื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชืช-ืžื•ื“ืข
02:55
and that's in the space of gender in the 1970s and 1980s.
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ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืžื’ื“ืจ ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื•ื”ืฉืžื•ื ื™ื.
02:59
So orchestras, back in the day, were made up mostly of dudes,
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ืชื–ืžื•ืจื•ืช, ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื ื”ื”ื, ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื’ื‘ืจื™ื,
03:03
up to only five percent were female.
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ืขื“ ืจืง ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื ืฉื™ื.
03:06
And apparently, that was because men played it differently,
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ื•ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื ื™ื’ื ื• ืื—ืจืช
03:09
presumably better, presumably.
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ื ื ื™ื— ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘, ื ื ื™ื—.
03:12
But in 1952, The Boston Symphony Orchestra
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘-1952, ื”ืชื–ืžื•ืจืช ื”ืกื™ืžืคื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ืกื˜ื•ืŸ
03:15
started an experiment.
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ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื ื™ืกื•ื™.
03:17
They started blind auditions.
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ื”ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืื•ื“ื™ืฉื ื™ื ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื™ื.
03:19
So rather than face-to-face auditions, you would have to play behind a screen.
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ืื– ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืคื ื™ื ืืœ ืคื ื™ื, ื”ื ื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื ื™ื’ื ื• ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ืžืกืš.
03:22
Now funnily enough,
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ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื•ื–ืจื”,
03:24
no immediate change was registered
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ืœื ื ืจืฉื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื™ื“ื™
03:26
until they asked the audition-ers to take their shoes off
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ืขื“ ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืžื”ื ื‘ื—ื ื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ืฅ ื ืขืœื™ื™ื
03:29
before they entered the room.
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœื—ื“ืจ.
03:31
because the clickity-clack of the heels
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื ืงื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืขืงื‘ื™ื
03:33
against the hardwood floors
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ืขืœ ืจืฆืคืช ื”ืขืฅ
03:35
was enough to give the ladies away.
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ื”ืกืคื™ืงื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืกื’ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื ื‘ื—ื ื•ืช.
03:37
Now get this,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืชืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ืœื–ื”,
03:39
there results of the audition showed
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ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืื•ื“ื™ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืจืื•
03:41
that there was a 50 percent increased chance
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ืฉื”ื™ื” ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืจ ื‘-50 ืื—ื•ื–
03:44
a woman would progress past the preliminary stage.
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ืœืืฉื” ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™.
03:47
And it almost tripled their chances of getting in.
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ื•ื›ืžืขื˜ ืฉื•ืœืฉื• ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื”ืŸ ืœื”ืชืงื‘ืœ.
03:51
What does that tell us?
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ืžื” ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื ื•?
03:53
Well, unfortunately for the guys, men actually didn't play differently,
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืขืจ, ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื, ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœื ื ื™ื’ื ื• ืื—ืจืช,
03:56
but there was the perception that they did.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ืชื” ืชืคื™ืกื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉื›ืŸ.
03:59
And it was that bias that was determining their outcome.
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ื“ืขื” ื”ืงื“ื•ืžื” ื”ื–ืืช ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
04:03
So what we're doing here is identifying and acknowledging
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื›ืืŸ ื–ื” ืžื–ื”ื™ื ื•ืžื•ื“ื™ื
04:06
that a bias exists.
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ืฉื“ืขื” ืงื“ื•ืžื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช.
04:07
And look, we all do it.
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ื•ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื”.
04:08
Let me give you an example.
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ืืชืŸ ืœื›ื ื“ื•ื’ืžื”.
04:10
A son and his father are in a horrible car accident.
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ืื‘ ื•ื‘ื ื• ื‘ืชืื•ื ืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืžื—ืจื™ื“ื”.
04:14
The father dies on impact
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ื”ืื‘ื ืžืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื.
04:16
and the son, who's severely injured, is rushed to hospital.
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ื•ื”ื‘ืŸ ื”ืคืฆื•ืข ืงืฉื” ืžื•ื—ืฉ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื.
04:19
The surgeon looks at the son when they arrive and is like,
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ื”ืžื ืชื— ืžืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืื•ืžืจ:
04:23
"I can't operate."
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"ืœื ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื ืชื—"
04:25
Why?
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ืœืžื”?
04:27
"The boy is my son."
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"ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ื ื™."
04:30
How can that be?
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ืื™ืš ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช?
04:32
Ladies and gentlemen,
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ื’ื‘ื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื™,
04:33
the surgeon is his mother.
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ื”ืžื ืชื—ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืืžื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืœื“.
04:36
Now hands up -- and it's okay --
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืชืจื™ืžื• ื™ื“ - ื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ -
04:38
but hands up if you initially assumed the surgeon was a guy?
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ืชืจื™ืžื• ื™ื“ ืื ื—ืฉื‘ืชื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืฉื”ืžื ืชื— ื”ื•ื ื’ื‘ืจ.
04:42
There's evidence that that unconscious bias exists,
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ื™ืฉ ืขื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืš ืฉื“ืขื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชืช-ืžื•ื“ืข ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช,
04:45
but we all just have to acknowledge that it's there
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ืื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืจืง ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื”ืŸ ืฉื
04:48
and then look at ways that we can move past it
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ื•ืื– ืœื—ืคืฉ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชืงื“ื ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื–ื”
04:51
so that we can look at solutions.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช.
04:54
Now one of the interesting things
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ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžืขื ื™ื ื™ื
04:57
around the space of unconscious bias is the topic of quotas.
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ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืฉืœ ื“ืขื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชืช-ืžื•ื“ืข ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืžื›ืกื•ืช.
05:00
And this something that's often brought up.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืžื•ื–ื›ืจ ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืชื›ื•ืคื•ืช.
05:02
And of of the criticisms is this idea of merit.
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ื•ืื—ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืขืจืš.
05:05
Look, I don't want to be picked because I'm a chick,
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ืชืจืื•, ืื ื™ ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื‘ื—ืจ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืจื”,
05:09
I want to be picked because I have merit,
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื‘ื—ืจ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืขืจืš.
05:11
because I'm the best person for the job.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื“ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืžืฉืจื”.
05:13
It's a sentiment that's pretty common among female engineers
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ื–ื”ื• ืจื’ืฉ ื“ื™ ื ืคื•ืฅ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื ืฉื™ื ืžื”ื ื“ืกื•ืช
05:16
that I work with and that I know.
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ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจืชืŸ ื•ืžื›ื™ืจื”.
05:18
And yeah, I get it, I've been there.
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ื•ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ื ื” ืืช ื–ื”, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื.
05:20
But, if the merit idea was true,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ,
05:22
why would identical resumes, in an experiment done in 2012 by Yale,
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ืžื“ื•ืข ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื–ื”ื™ื, ื‘ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ืฉื ืขืจืš ื‘-2012 ืข"ื™ ื™ื™ืœ,
05:27
identical resumes sent out for a lab technician,
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ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื–ื”ื™ื ืฉื ืฉืœื—ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืžืฉืจื” ืฉืœ ื˜ื›ื ืื™ ืžืขื‘ื“ื”,
05:32
why would Jennifers be deemed less competent,
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ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื’'ื ื™ืคืจื™ื•ืช ื ืจืื• ืคื—ื•ืช ื›ืฉื™ืจื•ืช,
05:35
be less likely to be offered the job,
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ื•ืคื—ืชื• ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื”ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”,
05:37
and be paid less than Johns.
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ื•ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืฉื›ืจ ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื’'ื•ื ื™ื?
05:42
The unconscious bias is there,
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ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชืช-ืžื•ื“ืข ื”ืŸ ืฉื,
05:43
but we just have to look at how we can move past it.
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ืื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืจืง ืœืจืื•ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืชืงื“ื ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื–ื”.
05:46
And, you know, it's interesting,
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื–ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ,
05:47
there's some research that talks about
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ื™ืฉ ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืžืกืคืจ
05:49
why this is the case and it's called the merit paradox.
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ืœืžื” ื–ื” ื”ืžืฆื‘, ื•ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ืคืจื“ื•ืงืก ื”ืขืจืš.
05:52
And in organizations -- and this is kind of ironic --
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ื•ื‘ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื-- ื•ื–ื” ืงืฆืช ืื™ืจื•ื ื™--
05:54
in organizations that talk about merit being their primary value-driver
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ื‘ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืขืจืš ื›ืขืœ ืžืงื“ื ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืจืืฉื™
05:58
in terms of who they hire,
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ื•ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืžื™ ื”ื ืฉื•ื›ืจื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”,
06:00
they were more likely to hire dudes and more likely to pay the guys more
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ื”ื™ืชื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ื˜ื™ื™ื” ืœืฉื›ื•ืจ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืœืฉืœื ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ
06:03
because apparently merit is a masculine quality.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืขืจืš ื–ื” ื›ื ืจืื” ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื’ื‘ืจื™ืช.
06:07
But, hey.
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ืื‘ืœ, ื”ื™.
06:08
So you guys think you've got a good read on me,
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ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืžื•ืฉื’ ืžื™ ืื ื™,
06:10
you kinda think you know what's up.
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ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื” ืงื•ืจื”.
06:14
Can you imagine me running one of these?
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื™ ืžื ื”ืœืช ืื—ื“ ืžืืœื•?
06:17
Can you imagine me walking in and being like,
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื™ ื ื›ื ืกืช ื•ื›ืื™ืœื•,
06:20
"Hey boys, this is what's up. This is how it's done."
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"ื”ื™ ื—ื‘ืจ'ื”, ื”ื ื” ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื”. ื›ื›ื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช."
06:23
Well, I'm glad you can.
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื ื™ ืฉืžื—ื” ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื.
06:31
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
06:37
Because ladies and gentlemen, that's my day job.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื’ื‘ื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื™, ื–ื• ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœื™.
06:40
And the cool thing about it is that it's pretty entertaining.
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ื•ืžื” ืฉื›ื™ืฃ ื‘ื–ื” ื–ื” ืฉื–ื” ื“ื™ ืžื‘ื“ืจ.
06:43
Actually, in places like Malaysia,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืžืœื–ื™ื”,
06:44
Muslim women on rigs isn't even comment-worthy.
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ื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืืกื“ืช ืงื™ื“ื•ื— ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืฉื•ื•ืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”.
06:47
There are that many of them.
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ื™ืฉ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ืŸ.
06:48
But, it is entertaining.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืžื‘ื“ืจ.
06:49
I remember, I was telling one of the guys,
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ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจืช ืฉืืžืจืชื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืื—ื“,
06:52
"Hey, mate, look, I really want to learn how to surf."
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"ื”ื™, ืชืจืื”, ืื ื™ ืžืื“ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืœื’ืœื•ืฉ."
06:54
And he's like, "Yassmin, I don't know how you can surf
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ืื™ืœื•, "ื™ืกืžื™ืŸ, ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื™ืš ืชื•ื›ืœื™ ืœื’ืœื•ืฉ
06:57
with all that gear you've got on,
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ืื ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืฉืืช ืœื•ื‘ืฉืช,
06:59
and I don't know any women-only beaches."
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ื•ืื ื™ ืœื ืžื›ื™ืจ ื—ื•ืคื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“."
07:02
And then, the guy came up with a brilliant idea,
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ื•ืื– ืคืชืื•ื ืขืœื” ืœื• ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื™ืง,
07:04
he was like, "I know, you run that organization
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ื”ื•ื, ื›ืื™ืœื•, "ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืืช ืžื ื”ืœืช ืืช ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”
07:06
Youth Without Borders, right?
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ื ื•ืขืจ ืœืœื ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
07:08
Why don't you start a clothing line for Muslim chicks in beaches.
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ืœืžื” ืฉืœื ืชืฆืจื™ ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ืฉื—ื™ื™ื” ืœื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื•ืช.
07:13
You can call it Youth Without Boardshorts."
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ืชื•ื›ืœื™ ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื–ื” ื ื•ืขืจ ืœืœื ืžื›ื ืกื™ ื’ืœื™ืฉื”."
07:15
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
07:17
And I was like, "Thanks, guys."
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ื•ืื ื™, ื›ืื™ืœื•, "ืชื•ื“ื”, ื—ื‘ืจ'ื”."
07:19
And I remember another bloke telling me that
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ื•ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจืช ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืื—ืจ ืื•ืžืจ ืœื™
07:22
I should eat all the yogurt I could
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ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ื•ื’ื•ืจื˜
07:24
because that was the only culture I was going to get around there.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื–ื• ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉืืงื‘ืœ ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื”ื–ืืช.
07:29
But, the problem is, it's kind of true
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื“ื™ ื ื›ื•ืŸ
07:32
because there's an intense lack of diversity in our workforce,
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื’ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืจืฆื™ื ื™ ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื•,
07:35
particularly in places of influence.
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ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืฉืคืขื”.
07:37
Now, in 2010,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘-2010,
07:39
The Australian National University did an experiment
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ื”ืื•ืกื˜ืจืœื™ืืŸ ื ืืฉื™ื•ื ืœ ื™ื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื™ ืขืจื›ื” ื ื™ืกื•ื™
07:41
where they sent out 4,000 identical applications
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ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื ืฉืœื—ื• 4,000 ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื–ื”ื•ืช
07:45
to entry level jobs, essentially.
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ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ืช.
07:48
To get the same number of interviews as someone with an Anglo-Saxon name,
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ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืื•ืชื• ืžืกืคืจ ืจืื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื ืฉื ืื ื’ืœื•-ืกืงืกื™,
07:53
if you were Chinese, you had to send out 68 percent more applications.
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ืื ืืชื” ืกื™ื ื™, ื”ื™ื™ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืœื•ื— 68 ืื—ื•ื– ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช.
07:57
If you were Middle Eastern -- Abdel-Magied --
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ืื ืืชื” ืžื–ืจื— ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื™ --ืขื‘ื“ืœ ืžืื’'ื™ื“--
08:00
you had to send out 64 percent,
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ื”ื™ื™ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืœื•ื— 64 ืื—ื•ื–,
08:02
and if you're Italian, you're pretty lucky,
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ืื ืืชื” ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™, ืืชื” ื‘ืจ ืžื–ืœ,
08:04
you only have to send out 12 percent more.
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ื”ื™ื™ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืจืง 12 ืื—ื•ื– ื™ื•ืชืจ.
08:07
In places like Silicon Valley, it's not that much better.
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ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืขืžืง ื”ืกื™ืœื™ืงื•ืŸ, ื–ื” ืœื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘.
08:10
In Google, they put out some diversity results
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ื‘ื’ื•ื’ืœ ื”ื ืคืจืกืžื• ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืขืœ ื’ื™ื•ื•ืŸ
08:12
and 61 percent white, 30 percent Asian and nine, a bunch of blacks, Hispanics,
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ื•61 ืื—ื•ื– ืœื‘ื ื™ื, 30 ืื—ื•ื– ืืกื™ืชื™ื™ื, ื•ืชืฉืข, ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ืฉื—ื•ืจื™ื, ื”ื™ืกืคื ื™ื,
08:19
all that kind of thing.
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ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื–ื”.
08:20
And the rest of the tech world is not that much better
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ื•ืฉืืจ ืขื•ืœื ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘
08:23
and they've acknowledged it,
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ื•ื”ื ื”ื•ื“ื• ื‘ื–ื”,
08:24
but I'm not really sure what they're doing about it.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ืžื” ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื.
08:27
The thing is, it doesn't trickle up.
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ื–ื” ืœื ืžื—ืœื—ืœ.
08:29
In a study done by Green Park,
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ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉื ืขืจืš ืข"ื™ ื’ืจื™ืŸ ืคืจืง,
08:31
who are a British senior exec supplier,
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ืฉื”ื ืžืกืคืงื™ ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื,
08:35
they said that over half of the FTSE 100 companies
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ื”ื ืืžืจื• ืฉืœืžืขืœ ืœืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืคื•ื˜ืกื™ 100
08:39
don't have a nonwhite leader at their board level,
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ืื™ืŸ ืžื ื”ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืœื‘ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจื’ ื”ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ,
08:42
executive or non-executive.
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ื‘ื›ื™ืจ, ืื• ืœื ื‘ื›ื™ืจ.
08:43
And two out of every three don't have an executive
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ื•ื‘ืฉืชื™ื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืžื ื”ืœ
08:47
who's from a minority.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืžื™ืขื•ื˜.
08:49
And most of the minorities that are at that sort of level
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ื•ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ืฉื”ื ื‘ื“ืจื’ ื›ื–ื”
08:52
are non-executive board directors.
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ื”ื ืœื ื—ืœืง ืžื•ื•ืขื“ ืžื ื”ืœ.
08:54
So their influence isn't that great.
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ืื– ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœื”ื ืœื ื›ื–ื• ื’ื“ื•ืœื”.
08:57
I've told you a bunch of terrible things.
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ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื›ื ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ื•ืจืื™ื.
08:59
You're like, "Oh my god, how bad is that? What can I do about it?"
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ื•ืืชื, ื›ืื™ืœื•, "ืื•ื™ ืืœื•ื”ื™ื, ื›ืžื” ื–ื” ืจืข? ืžื” ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื?"
09:03
Well, fortunately,
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืžื–ืœ,
09:05
we've identified that there's a problem.
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ื–ื™ื”ื™ื ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ื”.
09:07
There's a lack of opportunity, and that's due to unconscious bias.
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ื™ืฉื ื• ื—ื•ืกืจ ื‘ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืชื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœ ื“ืขื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชืช-ืžื•ื“ืข.
09:13
But you might be sitting there thinking,
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ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืืชื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืคื” ื•ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื,
09:15
"I ain't brown. What's that got to do with me?"
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"ืื ื™ ืœื ืฉื—ื•ื. ืžื” ื–ื” ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื™?"
09:20
Let me offer you a solution.
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ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืœื›ื ืคืชืจื•ืŸ.
09:22
And as I've said before,
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ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจืชื™ ืงื•ื“ื,
09:23
we live in a world where we're looking for an ideal.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉื‘ื• ืื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืื™ื“ืืœ.
09:27
And if we want to create a world
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ื•ืื ืื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืขื•ืœื
09:29
where the circumstances of your birth don't matter,
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ืฉื‘ื• ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื“ืชื›ื ืœื ืžืฉื ื•ืช,
09:31
we all have to be part of the solution.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ.
09:33
And interestingly, the author of the lab resume experiment
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ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ื”ื•ื’ื” ืฉืœ ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื
09:36
offered some sort of a solution.
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ื”ืฆื™ืขื” ืžืขื™ืŸ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ.
09:38
She said the one thing that brought the successful women together,
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ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื™ื—ื“ ืืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื•ืช,
09:42
the one thing that they had in common,
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ,
09:44
was the fact that they had good mentors.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื”ืŸ ืžื ื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื.
09:46
So mentoring, we've all kind of heard that before,
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ืื–, ืžื ื˜ื•ืจื™ื. ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืฉืžืขื ื• ืขืœ ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ,
09:49
it's in the vernacular.
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ื–ื” ื ื›ื ืก ืœืœืงืกื™ืงื•ืŸ.
09:52
Here's another challenge for you.
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ื”ื ื” ืขื•ื“ ืืชื’ืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื.
09:54
I challenge each and every one of you to mentor someone different.
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ืื ื™ ืžืืชื’ืจืช ืืช ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื›ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื ื˜ื•ืจ ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื•ื ื”.
09:59
Think about it.
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ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื–ื”.
10:00
Everyone wants to mentor someone who kind of is familiar,
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ื›ื•ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื ื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ืจ,
10:04
who looks like us,
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10:04
we have shared experiences.
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ืฉื ืจืื” ื›ืžื•ื ื•,
ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื.
10:06
If I see a Muslim chick who's got a bit of attitude,
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ืื ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื•ืจื” ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื” ืงืฆืช ืคื•ื–ื”,
10:09
I'm like, "What's up? We can hang out."
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ืื ื™, ื›ืื™ืœื•, "ืžื” ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื? ื‘ื•ืื™ ื ื‘ืœื” ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืงืฆืช."
10:10
You walk into a room and there's someone who went to the same school,
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ืืชื” ื ื›ื ืก ืœื—ื“ืจ ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ืœืš ืœืื•ืชื• ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ,
10:14
you play the same sports,
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ืžืฉื—ืง ืื•ืชื• ืกืคื•ืจื˜,
10:15
there's a high chance that you're going to want to help that person out.
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ื™ืฉ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืฉืชืจืฆื” ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื‘ืŸ ืื“ื ื”ื–ื”.
10:19
But for the person in the room who has no shared experiences with you
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื‘ืŸ ืื“ื ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืืชื›ื
10:22
it becomes extremely difficult to find that connection.
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ื–ื” ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืื“ ืงืฉื” ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ.
10:25
The idea of finding someone different to mentor,
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ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื•ื ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื• ืžื ื˜ื•ืจ,
10:27
someone who doesn't come from the same background as you,
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืœื ื‘ื ืžืื•ืชื• ืจืงืข ืฉืœื›ื,
10:30
whatever that background is,
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ื•ืœื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืื™ื–ื” ืจืงืข ื–ื”,
10:31
is about opening doors for people who couldn't even get
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ื”ื•ื ืœืคืชื•ื— ื“ืœืชื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ื›ืœื• ืืคื™ืœื•
10:35
to the damn hallway.
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ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืœืžืกื“ืจื•ืŸ.
10:38
Because ladies and gentlemen, the world is not just.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื’ื‘ื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื™, ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ืœื ืฆื•ื“ืง.
10:41
People are not born with equal opportunity.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ืขื ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ืช.
10:43
I was born in one of the poorest cities in the world, Khartoum.
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ืื ื™ ื ื•ืœื“ืชื™ ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ืขืจื™ื ื”ืขื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื—ืจื˜ื•ื.
10:46
I was born brown, I was born female,
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ื ื•ืœื“ืชื™ ืฉื—ื•ืžื”, ื ื•ืœื“ืชื™ ื ืงื‘ื”,
10:49
and I was born Muslim in a world that is pretty suspicious of us
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ื•ื ื•ืœื“ืชื™ ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉื“ื™ ื—ืฉื“ื ื™ ืœื’ื‘ื™ื ื•.
10:52
for reasons I can't control.
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ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ.
10:56
However, I also acknowledge the fact that I was born with privilege.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื’ื ืžื•ื“ื” ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื ื•ืœื“ืชื™ ืืœ ืคืจื™ื•ื•ื™ืœื’ื™ื”.
11:00
I was born with amazing parents,
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ื ื•ืœื“ืชื™ ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื,
11:01
I was given an education
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ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš
11:03
and had the blessing of migrating to Australia.
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ื•ื‘ื•ืจื›ืชื™ ื‘ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ืœืื•ืกื˜ืจืœื™ื”.
11:06
But also, I've been blessed with amazing mentors
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ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื‘ื•ืจื›ืชื™ ื‘ืžื ื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื
11:08
who've opened doors for me that I didn't even know were there.
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ืฉืคืชื—ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื“ืœืชื•ืช ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื”ืŸ ืฉื.
11:11
A mentor who said to me,
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ืžื ื˜ื•ืจ/ื™ืช ืฉืืžืจ/ื” ืœื™:
11:13
"Hey, your story's interesting.
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"ื”ื™, ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœืš ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.
11:14
Let's write something about it so that I can share it with people."
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ื‘ื•ืื™ ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืื•ื›ืœ ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืื•ืชื• ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื.
11:17
A mentor who said,
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ืžื ื˜ื•ืจ/ื™ืช ืฉืืžืจ/ื”,
11:18
"I know you're all those things that don't belong on an Australian rig,
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"ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข/ืช ืฉืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืฉืœื ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœืžืชืงืŸ ืงื™ื“ื•ื— ืื•ืกื˜ืจืœื™,
11:22
but come on anyway."
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื•ืื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”."
11:23
And here I am, talking to you.
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ื•ื”ื ื” ืื ื™, ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืืœื™ื›ื,
11:25
And I'm not the only one.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”.
11:26
There's all sorts of people in my communities
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ื™ืฉ ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื™
11:28
that I see have been helped out by mentors.
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ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ืื•ืชื ื ืขื–ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื ื˜ื•ืจื™ื.
11:31
A young Muslim man in Sydney
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ืฆืขื™ืจ ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ ื‘ืกื™ื“ื ื™
11:32
who ended up using his mentor's help
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ืฉื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืžื ื˜ื•ืจ
11:35
to start up a poetry slam in Bankstown
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ืœืคืชื•ื— ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ืงืกื˜ืื•ืŸ
11:39
and now it's a huge thing.
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ืฉืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืขื ืงื™ืช.
11:41
And he's able to change the lives of so many other young people.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื—ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื.
11:44
Or a lady here in Brisbane,
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ืื• ื‘ื—ื•ืจื” ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืกื‘ื™ื™ืŸ,
11:45
an Afghan lady who's a refugee,
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ื‘ื—ื•ืจื” ืืคื’ื ื™ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืคืœื™ื˜ื”,
11:47
who could barely speak English when she came to Australia,
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ืฉื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ื“ื‘ืจื” ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื›ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœืื•ืกื˜ืจืœื™ื”,
11:50
her mentors helped her become a doctor
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ื”ืžื ื˜ื•ืจ ืขื–ืจ ืœื” ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืจื•ืคืื”
11:52
and she took our Young Queenslander of the Year Award in 2008.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื–ื›ืชื” ื‘ืคืจืก ื”ืงื•ื•ื™ื ืกืœื ื“ื™ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2008.
11:55
She's an inspiration.
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ื”ื™ื ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉืจืื”.
12:02
This is so not smooth.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื—ืœืง.
12:06
This is me.
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ื–ื• ืื ื™.
12:08
But I'm also the woman in the rig clothes,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื’ื ื”ืืฉื” ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ืงื™ื“ื•ื—,
12:11
and I'm also the woman who was in the abaya at the beginning.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื’ื ื”ืืฉื” ื‘ื’ืœื™ืžื” ืžื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”.
12:15
Would you have chosen to mentor me if you had seen me
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ื”ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื™ ืœืžื ื˜ื•ืจ ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ืื•ืชื™
12:18
in one of those other versions of who I am?
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ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ื’ืจืกืื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ ืฉืื ื™?
12:20
Because I'm that same person.
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ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื.
12:24
We have to look past our unconscious bias,
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื“ืขื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชืช-ืžื•ื“ืข,
12:27
find someone to mentor who's at the opposite end of your spectrum
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ืœืžืฆื•ื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžื”ืฆื“ ื”ื”ืคื•ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื• ืœืžื ื˜ื•ืจ
12:30
because structural change takes time,
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื‘ื ื” ืœื•ืงื— ื–ืžืŸ,
12:32
and I don't have that level of patience.
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ื•ืœื™ ืื™ืŸ ื›ื–ืืช ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช.
12:36
So if we're going to create a change,
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ืื– ืื ืื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™,
12:38
if we're going to create a world
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ืื ืื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืขื•ืœื
12:40
where we all have those kinds of opportunities,
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ืฉื‘ื• ืœื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ืฉ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ืืœื•,
12:42
then choose to open doors for people.
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ืื– ื‘ื—ืจื• ืœืคืชื•ื— ื“ืœืชื•ืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื.
12:44
Because you might think that diversity has nothing to do with you,
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ื›ื™ ืืชื ืื•ืœื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื’ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืœื ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื›ื,
12:48
but we are all part of this system
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื–ืืช
12:50
and we can all be part of that solution.
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ื•ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื”.
12:52
And if you don't know where to find someone different,
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ื•ืื ืืชื ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื•ื ื”,
12:54
go to the places you wouldn't usually go.
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ืœื›ื• ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืืœื™ื”ื ืืชื ืœื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ.
12:56
If you enroll in private high school tutoring,
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ืื ืืชื ื ืจืฉืžื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืคืจื˜ื™,
12:58
go to your local state school
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ืœื›ื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ืฉืœื›ื
13:00
or maybe just drop into your local refugee tutoring center.
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ืื• ืื•ืœื™ ืชื’ืฉื• ืœืžืจื›ื– ื”ืœืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื›ื.
13:03
Or perhaps you work at an office.
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ืื• ืื•ืœื™ ืืชื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“.
13:05
Take out that new grad who looks totally out of place --
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ืชืฉื›ืจื• ืืช ื”ืžืชืœืžื“ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉื ืจืื” ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš --
13:08
'cause that was me --
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื–ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื ื™ --
13:09
and open doors for them,
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ื•ืคืชื—ื• ื“ืœืชื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ื”ื,
13:11
not in a tokenistic way, because we're not victims,
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ืœื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื˜ื•ืงื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื ื• ืœื ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช,
13:13
but show them the opportunities
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ืื‘ืœ ืชืจืื• ืœื”ื ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช
13:15
because opening up your world
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืคืชื™ื—ืช ืขื•ืœืžื›ื
13:18
will make you realize that you have access to doors
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ืชื’ืœื” ืœื›ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœื“ืœืชื•ืช
13:20
that they didn't even know existed
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ืฉื”ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ืฉื”ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช
13:22
and you didn't even know they didn't have.
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ื•ืฉืืชื ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ืœื”ื.
13:25
Ladies and gentlemen,
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ื’ื‘ื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื™,
13:28
there is a problem in our community with lack of opportunity,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื‘ืขื™ื™ื” ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช
13:31
especially due to unconscious bias.
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ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื“ืขื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชืช-ืžื•ื“ืข.
13:33
But each and every one one of you has the potential to change that.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ืช ืžื›ื ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื–ืืช.
13:37
I know you've been given a lot of challenges today,
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืœื›ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื,
13:40
but if you can take this one piece and think about it a little differently,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืชื™ืงื—ื• ืืช ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื–ื” ื•ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงืฆืช ืฉื•ื ื”,
13:44
because diversity is magic.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื’ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืงืกื.
13:47
And I encourage you to look past your initial perceptions
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืขื•ื“ื“ืช ืื•ืชื›ื ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ืŸ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืชืคื™ืกื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช
13:51
because I bet you,
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ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ืžืชืขืจื‘ืช ืืชื›ื,
13:53
they're probably wrong.
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ื”ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื— ืžื•ื˜ืขื™ืช.
13:55
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื”.
13:57
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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