What does my headscarf mean to you? | Yassmin Abdel-Magied

Prevoditelj: Anja Kolobarić Recezent: Ivan Stamenković

Someone who looks like me walks past you in the street.

Netko tko izgleda poput mene prođe pored vas na ulici.

Do you think they're a mother,

MIslite li da je ta osoba majka,

a refugee

izbjeglica

or a victim of oppression?

ili žrtva ugnjetavanja?

Or do you think they're a cardiologist,

Ili mislite da je ta osoba kardiolog,

a barrister

odvjetnik

or maybe your local politician?

ili možda lokalni političar?

Do you look me up and down,

Odmjerite li me od glave do pete,

wondering how hot I must get

pitajući se koliko mi je vruće

or if my husband has forced me to wear this outfit?

ili je li me moj muž natjerao da nosim ovu odjeću?

What if I wore my scarf like this?

Što da nosim maramu ovako?

I can walk down the street in the exact same outfit

Mogu prošetati ulicom u potpuno istoj odjeći i

and what the world expects of me and the way I'm treated

ono što se od mene očekuje te kako se prema meni odnose

depends on the arrangement of this piece of cloth.

ovisi o tome kako je ovaj komad tkanine složen.

But this isn't going to be another monologue about the hijab

No ovo neće biti još jedan monolog o hidžabu

because Lord knows, Muslim women are so much more than the piece of cloth

jer Bog zna da su muslimanke puno više od komada tkanine

they choose, or not, to wrap their head in.

u koji odaberu umotati ili ne umotati svoje glave.

This is about looking beyond your bias.

Ovdje je riječ o nadilaženju predrasuda.

What if I walked past you and later on

Što da prođem pored vas i kasnije

you'd found out that actually I was a race car engineer,

saznate da sam zapravo inženjerka trkaćih automobila,

and that I designed my own race car and I ran my university's race team,

da sam dizajnirala svoj trkaći automobil i da sam vodila sveučilišni tim?

because it's true.

To je istina.

What if I told you that I was actually trained as a boxer for five years,

Što da vam kažem da sam pet godina trenirala boks?

because that's true, too.

I to je istina.

Would it surprise you?

Bi li vas to iznenadilo?

Why?

Zašto?

Ladies and gentlemen, ultimately,

Dame i gospodo, na kraju krajeva,

that surprise and the behaviors associated with it

to iznenađenje i ponašanja koja su s njime povezana

are the product of something called unconscious bias,

proizvod su nesvjesne pristranosti

or implicit prejudice.

ili implicitne predrasude,

And that results in the ridiculously detrimental

što može rezultirati apsurdno štetnim

lack of diversity in our workforce,

manjkom raznolikosti radne snage,

particularly in areas of influence.

posebice u značajnim područjima.

Hello, Australian Federal Cabinet.

Pozdrav ministrima australske vlade!

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

Let me just set something out from the outset:

Dopustite mi da razjasnim nešto odmah na početku:

Unconscious bias is not the same as conscious discrimination.

Nesvjesna pristranost nije jednaka svjesnoj diskriminaciji.

I'm not saying that in all of you, there's a secret sexist or racist

Ne kažem da se u svima vama potajice krije seksist ili rasist

or ageist lurking within, waiting to get out.

ili dobni diskriminator koji samo čeka da se otkrije.

That's not what I'm saying.

Ne govorim to.

We all have our biases.

Svi mi imamo svoje predrasude.

They're the filters through which we see the world around us.

To su filteri kroz koje vidimo svijet oko nas.

I'm not accusing anyone,

Ne optužujem nikoga,

bias is not an accusation.

predrasuda nije optužba.

Rather, it's something that has to be identified,

To je nešto što je potrebno identificirati,

acknowledged and mitigated against.

priznati i spriječiti.

Bias can be about race,

Predrasude mogu biti rasne,

it can be about gender.

spolne.

It can also be about class, education, disability.

One mogu biti i o društvenom položaju, obrazovanju, invaliditetu.

The fact is, we all have biases against what's different,

Zapravo, svi mi imamo predrasude prema onome što je drugačije,

what's different to our social norms.

onome što je drugačije od naših društvenih normi.

The thing is, if we want to live in a world

Poanta je u tome da, ako želimo živjeti u svijetu

where the circumstances of your birth

gdje okolnosti našeg rođenja

do not dictate your future

ne određuju našu budućnost

and where equal opportunity is ubiquitous,

i gdje su posvuda jednake mogućnosti,

then each and every one of us has a role to play

onda svatko od nas ima ulogu

in making sure unconscious bias does not determine our lives.

osigurati da nesvjesne predrasude ne određuju naše živote.

There's this really famous experiment in the space of unconscious bias

Postoji taj vrlo poznati eksperiment na području nesvjesnih predrasuda,

and that's in the space of gender in the 1970s and 1980s.

a to je u području roda 1970-ih i 1980-ih godina.

So orchestras, back in the day, were made up mostly of dudes,

Orkestre su tada uglavnom činili muškarci,

up to only five percent were female.

do pet posto činile su žene.

And apparently, that was because men played it differently,

I, očito, tome je bilo tako jer su muškarci drugačije svirali,

presumably better, presumably.

vjerojatno bolje, vjerojatno.

But in 1952, The Boston Symphony Orchestra

No 1952. Bostonski simfonijski orkestar

started an experiment.

pokrenuo je eksperiment.

They started blind auditions.

Počeli su s audicijama naslijepo.

So rather than face-to-face auditions, you would have to play behind a screen.

Dakle, umjesto audicija lice u lice, trebalo bi svirati iza zastora.

Now funnily enough,

Zanimljivo je

no immediate change was registered

što se nikakve promjene nisu odmah uočile

until they asked the audition-ers to take their shoes off

dok natjecatelje nisu zamolili da skinu cipele

before they entered the room.

prije ulaska u sobu

because the clickity-clack of the heels

jer je zvuk udaranja potpetica

against the hardwood floors

o parket

was enough to give the ladies away.

bio dovoljan da otkrije da se radi o ženi.

Now get this,

A pazite sad,

there results of the audition showed

rezultati audicije pokazali su

that there was a 50 percent increased chance

da postoji 50 % veća šansa

a woman would progress past the preliminary stage.

za ženu da prođe u sljedeći krug,

And it almost tripled their chances of getting in.

što im je utrostručilo šanse za upad.

What does that tell us?

Što nam to govori?

Well, unfortunately for the guys, men actually didn't play differently,

Na žalost muškaraca, muškarci ne sviraju drugačije,

but there was the perception that they did.

ali vjerovalo se da sviraju,

And it was that bias that was determining their outcome.

a ta je predrasuda utjecala na ishod.

So what we're doing here is identifying and acknowledging

Mi ovdje prepoznajemo i priznajemo da postoje

that a bias exists.

pristranosti.

And look, we all do it.

Gle, svi mi to radimo.

Let me give you an example.

Dat ću vam primjer.

A son and his father are in a horrible car accident.

Sin i otac dožive strašnu prometnu nesreću.

The father dies on impact

Otac umire na licu mjesta,

and the son, who's severely injured, is rushed to hospital.

a sin, teško ozlijeđen, odvezen je u bolnicu.

The surgeon looks at the son when they arrive and is like,

Kirurg pogleda sina po dolasku i kaže:

"I can't operate."

"Ne mogu obaviti ovu operaciju."

Why?

Zašto?

"The boy is my son."

"Ovaj je dječak moj sin."

How can that be?

Kako sad to?

Ladies and gentlemen,

Dame i gospodo,

the surgeon is his mother.

kirurg je njegova majka.

Now hands up -- and it's okay --

Sad podignite ruke - u redu je -

but hands up if you initially assumed the surgeon was a guy?

ali podignite ruke svi vi koji ste pretpostavili da je kirurg muškarac.

There's evidence that that unconscious bias exists,

Postoje dokazi o postojanju nesvjesnih pristranosti,

but we all just have to acknowledge that it's there

ali svi si mi to jednostavno moramo priznati,

and then look at ways that we can move past it

a potom tražiti načine da pređemo preko toga

so that we can look at solutions.

kako bismo mogli potražiti rješenja.

Now one of the interesting things

Nešto što je zanimljivo

around the space of unconscious bias is the topic of quotas.

na području nesvjesnih pristranosti jesu kvote.

And this something that's often brought up.

To je nešto što se često spominje,

And of of the criticisms is this idea of merit.

a kritizira se ideja sposobnosti.

Look, I don't want to be picked because I'm a chick,

Ne želim da me izaberu zato što sam cura,

I want to be picked because I have merit,

već zbog mojih sposobnosti,

because I'm the best person for the job.

zato što sam najbolja osoba za taj posao.

It's a sentiment that's pretty common among female engineers

Takav je način razmišljanja prilično čest među inženjerkama

that I work with and that I know.

s kojima radim i koje poznajem.

And yeah, I get it, I've been there.

Razumijem, bila sam u njihovoj situaciji.

But, if the merit idea was true,

Ali ako je ideja o sposobnostima istinita,

why would identical resumes, in an experiment done in 2012 by Yale,

zašto identični životopisi, prema istraživanju Sveučilišta Yale 2012.,

identical resumes sent out for a lab technician,

identični životopisi za posao laboratorijskog tehničara,

why would Jennifers be deemed less competent,

zašto su osobe imena Jennifer viđene kao manje sposobne

be less likely to be offered the job,

i imaju manje šanse za posao,

and be paid less than Johns.

a veće šanse za nižu plaću od osoba imena John?

The unconscious bias is there,

Nesvjesna pristranost postoji,

but we just have to look at how we can move past it.

ali moramo pronaći načine kako prijeći preko nje.

And, you know, it's interesting,

Znate, zanimljivo je,

there's some research that talks about

ima istraživanje koje govori

why this is the case and it's called the merit paradox.

o uzrocima toga, a to je paradoks sposobnosti.

And in organizations -- and this is kind of ironic --

U organizacijama - ovo je pomalo ironično -

in organizations that talk about merit being their primary value-driver

u organizacijama koje tvrde da im je sposobnost glavna vrijednost

in terms of who they hire,

glede prvenstva zapošljavanja

they were more likely to hire dudes and more likely to pay the guys more

bili su skloniji zaposliti muškarce i više ih platiti

because apparently merit is a masculine quality.

jer izgleda da je sposobnost muška odlika.

But, hey.

Ali dobro.

So you guys think you've got a good read on me,

Mislite da ste me dobro pročitali,

you kinda think you know what's up.

mislite da znate o čemu se radi.

Can you imagine me running one of these?

Možete li me zamisliti kako upravljam ovim?

Can you imagine me walking in and being like,

Možete li me zamisliti kako ulazim i govorim:

"Hey boys, this is what's up. This is how it's done."

"Zdravo, momci, ovako se to radi."

Well, I'm glad you can.

Drago mi je da možete.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

Because ladies and gentlemen, that's my day job.

Dame i gospodo, to je moj posao,

And the cool thing about it is that it's pretty entertaining.

a super je to što je prilično zabavno.

Actually, in places like Malaysia,

Zapravo, u zemljama poput Malezije

Muslim women on rigs isn't even comment-worthy.

muslimanke na montaži nisu nikakvo čudo.

There are that many of them.

Da, toliko ih ima!

But, it is entertaining.

Ali zabavno je.

I remember, I was telling one of the guys,

Sjećam se kako sam jednom dečku rekla:

"Hey, mate, look, I really want to learn how to surf."

"Gle, kompa, stvarno želim naučiti surfati."

And he's like, "Yassmin, I don't know how you can surf

Kaže on: "Yassmin, stvarno ne znam kako ćeš surfati

with all that gear you've got on,

sa svom tom opremom,

and I don't know any women-only beaches."

a ne znam ni za plaže namijenjene samo ženama."

And then, the guy came up with a brilliant idea,

Zatim se dosjetio sjajne ideje.

he was like, "I know, you run that organization

Rekao je: "Znam! Ti vodiš onu organizaciju

Youth Without Borders, right?

Mladi bez granica, zar ne?

Why don't you start a clothing line for Muslim chicks in beaches.

Mogla bi osmisliti liniju odjeće za plažu za muslimanke.

You can call it Youth Without Boardshorts."

Mogla bi se zvati Mladi bez kratkih hlačica."

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

And I was like, "Thanks, guys."

Rekoh: "Hvala vam, dečki!"

And I remember another bloke telling me that

Sjećam se kako mi je jedan drugi frajer rekao

I should eat all the yogurt I could

da bih trebala jesti sav mogući jogurt

because that was the only culture I was going to get around there.

jer je to jedina kultura koju ću ondje iskusiti.

But, the problem is, it's kind of true

Problem je u tome što je to pomalo istinito

because there's an intense lack of diversity in our workforce,

jer postoji pravi manjak raznolikosti radne snage,

particularly in places of influence.

pogotovo na utjecajnim mjestima.

Now, in 2010,

Godine 2010.

The Australian National University did an experiment

Australsko državno sveučilište izvelo je eksperiment

where they sent out 4,000 identical applications

u kojem su poslali 4 000 identične prijave

to entry level jobs, essentially.

za posao.

To get the same number of interviews as someone with an Anglo-Saxon name,

Kako biste dobili isti broj intervjua kao netko anglosaksonskog imena,

if you were Chinese, you had to send out 68 percent more applications.

ako ste Kinez, morali ste poslati 68% više prijava.

If you were Middle Eastern -- Abdel-Magied --

Ako ste s Bliskog istoka - Abdel-Magied -

you had to send out 64 percent,

morate poslati 64% više prijava.

and if you're Italian, you're pretty lucky,

Ako ste Talijan, imate sreće -

you only have to send out 12 percent more.

morate poslati samo 12 % više.

In places like Silicon Valley, it's not that much better.

U mjestima poput Silicijske doline i nije toliko bolje.

In Google, they put out some diversity results

U Googleovim rezultatima raznolikosti nalazi se

and 61 percent white, 30 percent Asian and nine, a bunch of blacks, Hispanics,

61% bijelaca, 30% Azijaca i 9% nešto crnaca, Španjolaca

all that kind of thing.

i slično.

And the rest of the tech world is not that much better

Ostatak tehnološkog svijeta nije puno bolji

and they've acknowledged it,

i priznaju to,

but I'm not really sure what they're doing about it.

ali ne znam što točno rade po tom pitanju.

The thing is, it doesn't trickle up.

Stvar je u tome što se ne nadoknađuje.

In a study done by Green Park,

U istraživanju Green Parka,

who are a British senior exec supplier,

britanskog dobavljača starijih rukovodilaca,

they said that over half of the FTSE 100 companies

rekli su da više od polovice FTSE-ovih 100 tvrtki

don't have a nonwhite leader at their board level,

nema nebijelog vođu na razini odbora,

executive or non-executive.

bio on izvršni ili neizvršni.

And two out of every three don't have an executive

Dvije od tri tvrtke za rukovoditelja

who's from a minority.

nema pripadnika manjine.

And most of the minorities that are at that sort of level

Većina pripadnika manjina koja se nalazi na takvoj razini

are non-executive board directors.

jesu neizvršni direktori odbora,

So their influence isn't that great.

što znači da nemaju velik utjecaj.

I've told you a bunch of terrible things.

Ispričala sam vam hrpu loših stvari.

You're like, "Oh my god, how bad is that? What can I do about it?"

Sad mislite: "O, Bože, užas. Što ja mogu učiniti po tom pitanju?"

Well, fortunately,

Srećom,

we've identified that there's a problem.

prepoznali smo problem -

There's a lack of opportunity, and that's due to unconscious bias.

manjak prilika uzrokovan nesvjesnim pristranostima.

But you might be sitting there thinking,

Sad možda mislite:

"I ain't brown. What's that got to do with me?"

"Nisam tamnije puti. Kakve to veze ima sa mnom?"

Let me offer you a solution.

Ponudit ću vam rješenje.

And as I've said before,

Kao što ranije rekoh,

we live in a world where we're looking for an ideal.

živimo u svijetu u kojemu tražimo ideal,

And if we want to create a world

a ako želimo stvoriti svijet

where the circumstances of your birth don't matter,

u kojem okolnosti rođenja nisu bitne,

we all have to be part of the solution.

svi moramo biti dio rješenja.

And interestingly, the author of the lab resume experiment

Autorica eksperimenta životopisa za laboratorij

offered some sort of a solution.

ponudila je neko rješenje.

She said the one thing that brought the successful women together,

Rekla je da uspješne žene povezuje

the one thing that they had in common,

jedna zajednička stvar -

was the fact that they had good mentors.

činjenica da su dobre mentorice.

So mentoring, we've all kind of heard that before,

Mentorstvo. Svi smo čuli za to.

it's in the vernacular.

Izraz se podomaćio.

Here's another challenge for you.

Evo vam još jedan izazov.

I challenge each and every one of you to mentor someone different.

Izazivam svakoga od vas da budete mentor nekom drugačijem.

Think about it.

Razmislite o tome.

Everyone wants to mentor someone who kind of is familiar,

Svi žele biti mentor nekom, na neki način, poznatom,

who looks like us,

we have shared experiences.

nalik nama,

tko ima slična iskustva kao mi.

If I see a Muslim chick who's got a bit of attitude,

Ako vidim muslimanku koja je pomalo drska,

I'm like, "What's up? We can hang out."

kažem: "Što ima? Možemo se družiti."

You walk into a room and there's someone who went to the same school,

Uđete u prostoriju i vidite nekoga tko je išao u vašu školu,

you play the same sports,

bavite se istim sportom,

there's a high chance that you're going to want to help that person out.

velika je vjerojatnost da ćete toj osobi htjeti pomoći.

But for the person in the room who has no shared experiences with you

Ali osobi u prostoriji koja nema iskustva slična vašima

it becomes extremely difficult to find that connection.

užasno je teško pronaći tu povezanost.

The idea of finding someone different to mentor,

Ideja da pronađete nekog drugačijeg za štićenika,

someone who doesn't come from the same background as you,

nekoga tko ne dolazi iz istog okruženja kao vi,

whatever that background is,

bez obzira na vrstu okruženja,

is about opening doors for people who couldn't even get

govori o otvaranju vrata ljudima koji nisu mogli doći

to the damn hallway.

ni do prokletog hodnika.

Because ladies and gentlemen, the world is not just.

Dame i gospodo, svijet nije pravedan!

People are not born with equal opportunity.

Ljudi se ne rađaju s jednakim mogućnostima.

I was born in one of the poorest cities in the world, Khartoum.

Rođena sam u Khartoumu, jednom od najsiromašnijih gradova u svijetu.

I was born brown, I was born female,

Rođena sam kao tamnoputa žena

and I was born Muslim in a world that is pretty suspicious of us

i kao muslimanka u svijet koji je jako sumnjičav prema nama

for reasons I can't control.

iz razloga na koje ne mogu utjecati.

However, I also acknowledge the fact that I was born with privilege.

No, priznajem i da sam rođena privilegirana.

I was born with amazing parents,

Imala sam sjajne roditelje,

I was given an education

pruženo mi je obrazovanje

and had the blessing of migrating to Australia.

i imala sam taj blagoslov da sam doselila u Australiju,

But also, I've been blessed with amazing mentors

a primila sam i blagoslov u obliku sjajnih mentora

who've opened doors for me that I didn't even know were there.

koji su mi otvorili vrata za koja nisam znala ni da postoje.

A mentor who said to me,

Mentor koji mi je rekao:

"Hey, your story's interesting.

"Hej, tvoja je priča zanimljiva.

Let's write something about it so that I can share it with people."

Pišimo o njoj kako bih je mogao podijeliti s drugim ljudima."

A mentor who said,

Mentor koji je rekao:

"I know you're all those things that don't belong on an Australian rig,

"Znam da si sve ono što ne pripada na australskoj montaži,

but come on anyway."

ali ipak dođi."

And here I am, talking to you.

I evo me, govorim vama.

And I'm not the only one.

I nisam jedina.

There's all sorts of people in my communities

Ima puno različitih ljudi u mojim zajednicama

that I see have been helped out by mentors.

kojima su pomogli mentori.

A young Muslim man in Sydney

Mladi musliman u Sydneyu

who ended up using his mentor's help

koji je uz mentorovu pomoć

to start up a poetry slam in Bankstown

pokrenuo natjecanje u poeziji u Bankstwonu

and now it's a huge thing.

gdje je to sad važan događaj,

And he's able to change the lives of so many other young people.

a može i mijenjati živote tolikih drugih mladih ljudi.

Or a lady here in Brisbane,

Ili dama iz Brisbana,

an Afghan lady who's a refugee,

Afganistanka izbjeglica

who could barely speak English when she came to Australia,

koja je jedva govorila engleski po dolasku u Australiju.

her mentors helped her become a doctor

Zahvaljujući njima, postala je liječnica

and she took our Young Queenslander of the Year Award in 2008.

i primila je našu nagradu Mladog Queenslandera godine 2008.

She's an inspiration.

Ona je inspirativna.

This is so not smooth.

Ovo nije baš elegantno.

This is me.

Ovo sam ja.

But I'm also the woman in the rig clothes,

Ali ja sam i žena u opravi.

and I'm also the woman who was in the abaya at the beginning.

Ja sam i žena koja je na početku bila u abaji.

Would you have chosen to mentor me if you had seen me

Biste li me izabrali za štićenicu da ste me vidjeli

in one of those other versions of who I am?

u nekoj drugoj verziji mene?

Because I'm that same person.

Ja sam ta ista osoba.

We have to look past our unconscious bias,

Moramo prijeći preko naših nesvjesnih pristranosti,

find someone to mentor who's at the opposite end of your spectrum

naći štićenika koji je na suprotnom kraju spektra

because structural change takes time,

jer je za strukturalnu promjenu potrebno vrijeme,

and I don't have that level of patience.

a ja nemam toliko strpljenja.

So if we're going to create a change,

Ako želimo nešto promijeniti,

if we're going to create a world

ako želimo stvoriti svijet

where we all have those kinds of opportunities,

u kojem svi imamo jednake mogućnosti,

then choose to open doors for people.

onda se moramo odlučiti otvarati vrata drugima.

Because you might think that diversity has nothing to do with you,

Svi vi možete misliti da raznolikost nema nikakve veze s vama,

but we are all part of this system

ali svi smo mi dio ovog sustava,

and we can all be part of that solution.

a svi mi možemo biti i dio tog rješenja.

And if you don't know where to find someone different,

Ako ne znate gdje pronaći nekoga drugačijeg,

go to the places you wouldn't usually go.

idite na mjesta na koja inače ne odlazite.

If you enroll in private high school tutoring,

Ako odlučite podučavati u privatnoj srednjoj,

go to your local state school

idite u lokalnu državnu školu

or maybe just drop into your local refugee tutoring center.

ili navratite u lokalni centar za obrazovanje izbjeglica.

Or perhaps you work at an office.

Ako radite u uredu,

Take out that new grad who looks totally out of place --

uzmite pod svoje novog studenta koji izgleda potpuno izgubljeno

'cause that was me --

- to sam bila i ja -

and open doors for them,

i otvorite im vrata,

not in a tokenistic way, because we're not victims,

ali ne tokenistički jer mi nismo žrtve,

but show them the opportunities

nego im pokažite mogućnosti

because opening up your world

jer otvaranjem vlastitog svijeta

will make you realize that you have access to doors

shvatit ćete da imate pristup vratima

that they didn't even know existed

za koje oni nisu ni znali da postoje,

and you didn't even know they didn't have.

a vi to uopće niste znali.

Ladies and gentlemen,

Dame i gospodo,

there is a problem in our community with lack of opportunity,

u našoj zajednici imamo problem s manjkom mogućnosti,

especially due to unconscious bias.

pogotovo zbog nesvjesnih pristranosti,

But each and every one one of you has the potential to change that.

ali svatko od vas ima potencijal to promijeniti.

I know you've been given a lot of challenges today,

Znam da sam vam danas zadala puno izazova,

but if you can take this one piece and think about it a little differently,

ali ponesite sa sobom djelić ovoga i barem malo drugačije razmišljajte o tome

because diversity is magic.

jer raznolikost je čarobna.

And I encourage you to look past your initial perceptions

Zanemarite svoje prve dojmove

because I bet you,

jer bih se dala okladiti

they're probably wrong.

da su vjerojatno pogrešne.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)