Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala: How to help Africa? Do business there

146,063 views ใƒป 2008-04-15

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:30
Thank you very much, Chris. Everybody who came up here
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœืš, ื›ืจื™ืก. ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืขืœื• ืœื›ืืŸ
00:33
said they were scared. I don't know if I'm scared,
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ืืžืจื• ืฉื”ื ืคื•ื—ื“ื™ื. ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืื ืื ื™ ืคื•ื—ื“ืช,
00:37
but this is my first time of addressing an audience like this.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื• ื”ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืื ื™ ื ื•ืืžืช ืœืงื”ืœ ื›ื–ื”.
00:41
And I don't have any smart technology for you to look at.
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ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ืฉื•ื ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืžื—ื•ื›ืžืช ืฉืชืกืชื›ืœื• ืขืœื™ื”.
00:45
There are no slides, so you'll just have to be content with me.
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ืื™ืŸ ืฉืงื•ืคื™ื•ืช, ืื– ืชื™ืืœืฆื• ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ื‘ื™.
00:48
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:51
What I want to do this morning is share with you a couple of stories
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ืžื” ืฉืืจืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื”ื•ื ืœืฉืชืฃ ืืชื›ื ื‘ื›ืžื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื
00:57
and talk about a different Africa.
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ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืื—ืจืช
01:00
Already this morning there were some allusions to the Africa
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ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื”ื™ื• ื›ืžื” ืื–ื›ื•ืจื™ื ืœืืคืจื™ืงื”
01:04
that you hear about all the time: the Africa of HIV/AIDS,
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ืฉืขืœื™ื” ืืชื ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ: ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ื™ื“ืก,
01:09
the Africa of malaria, the Africa of poverty, the Africa of conflict,
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ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืจื™ื”, ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื ื™, ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกื›ืกื•ืš
01:15
and the Africa of disasters.
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ื•ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืกื•ื ื•ืช
01:18
While it is true that those things are going on,
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ืืžื ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื,
01:22
there's an Africa that you don't hear about very much.
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ืืš ื™ืฉื ื” ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืฉืขืœื™ื” ืืชื ืœื ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื”.
01:26
And sometimes I'm puzzled, and I ask myself why.
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ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื•ืœื‘ืœืช, ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืืœืช ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ืœืžื”.
01:30
This is the Africa that is changing, that Chris alluded to.
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ื–ื• ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืฉืžืฉืชื ื”, ืฉืื•ืชื” ื›ืจื™ืก ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ.
01:34
This is the Africa of opportunity.
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ื–ื• ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช.
01:36
This is the Africa where people want to take charge of
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ื–ื• ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืฉื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช
01:39
their own futures and their own destinies.
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ืขืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื•ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืœ ืฉืœื”ื.
01:41
And this is the Africa where people are looking for partnerships
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืฉื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืฉื•ืชืคื•ื™ื•ืช
01:44
to do this. That's what I want to talk about today.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช. ืขืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืืชื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื.
01:48
And I want to start by telling you
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ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืืกืคืจ ืœื›ื
01:50
a story about that change in Africa.
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ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
01:53
On 15th of September 2005, Mr. Diepreye Alamieyeseigha,
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ื‘ื—ืžื™ืฉื”-ืขืฉืจ ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2005, ืžืจ ื“ืคืจื™ื™ื” ืืœืžื™ืกื™ื’'ื”,
01:58
a governor of one of the oil-rich states of Nigeria,
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ืžื•ืฉืœ ืื—ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื ืคื˜ ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ืจื™ื”,
02:02
was arrested by the London Metropolitan Police on a visit to London.
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ื ืขืฆืจ ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื• ื‘ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ.
02:09
He was arrested because there were transfers of eight million dollars
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ื”ื•ื ื ืขืฆืจ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ
02:14
that went into some dormant accounts
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ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื›ืžื” ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืจื“ื•ืžื™ื
02:17
that belonged to him and his family.
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ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœื• ื•ืœืžืฉืคื—ืชื•.
02:21
This arrest occurred because there was cooperation
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ื”ืžืขืฆืจ ื”ืชื‘ืฆืข ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื”
02:23
between the London Metropolitan Police
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ
02:26
and the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission of Nigeria --
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ืœื•ืขื“ื” ืœืคืฉืขื™ ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ืจื™ื”,
02:29
led by one of our most able and courageous people: Mr. Nuhu Ribadu.
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ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืื—ื“ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื•ืฆืœื—ื™ื ื•ื”ืืžื™ืฆื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ: ืžืจ ื ื•ื”ื• ืจื™ื‘ืื“ื•.
02:36
Alamieyeseigha was arraigned in London.
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ืืœืžื™ืกื™ื’'ื” ื”ื•ืขืžื“ ืœื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ.
02:39
Due to some slip-ups, he managed to escape dressed as a woman
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ื‘ืฉืœ ื›ืžื” ืžื—ื“ืœื™ื, ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ื™ืžืœื˜ ืžื—ื•ืคืฉ ืœืื™ืฉื”
02:43
and ran from London back to Nigeria where,
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ื•ื‘ืจื— ืžืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื ื™ื’ืจื™ื”, ื•ืฉื,
02:46
according to our constitution, those in office
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ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืงื” ืฉืœื ื•, ืœืžื™ ืฉืžื›ื”ื ื™ื
02:50
as governors, president -- as in many countries --
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ื›ืžื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื›ื ืฉื™ืื™ื - ื›ืžื• ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช -
02:52
have immunity and cannot be prosecuted. But what happened:
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ื™ืฉ ื—ืกื™ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืชื‘ื•ืข ืื•ืชื. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื” ืžื” ืฉืงืจื”:
02:57
people were so outraged by this behavior that it was possible
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ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื›ืขื™ืกื” ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš,
03:01
for his state legislature to impeach him and get him out of office.
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ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื—ื•ืงืงื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ื“ื™ื— ืื•ืชื• ืžื”ื›ื”ื•ื ื”.
03:08
Today, Alams -- as we call him for short -- is in jail.
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ื›ื™ื•ื, ืืœืืžืก, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื ื• ืžื›ื ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ, ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื›ืœื.
03:11
This is a story about the fact that people in Africa
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ื–ื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”
03:16
are no longer willing to tolerate corruption from their leaders.
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ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื”ื.
03:22
This is a story about the fact that people want their resources
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ื–ื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉืžืฉืื‘ื™ื”ื
03:27
managed properly for their good, and not taken out to places
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ื™ื ื•ื”ืœื• ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื, ื•ืœื ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช
03:32
where they'll benefit just a few of the elite.
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ืฉื‘ื”ื ื™ื™ื”ื ื• ืžื”ื ืจืง ืžืขื˜ื™ื ืžื”ืืœื™ื˜ื”.
03:35
And therefore, when you hear about the corrupt Africa --
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ืœื›ืŸ, ื›ืฉืืชื ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืขืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื” ื”ืžื•ืฉื—ืชืช,
03:39
corruption all the time -- I want you to know that the people
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ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช, ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชื“ืขื• ืฉื”ืื ืฉื™ื
03:43
and the governments are trying hard to fight this
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ื•ื”ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืงืฉื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืื‘ืง ื‘ื›ืš
03:46
in some of the countries, and that some successes are emerging.
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ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช, ื•ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช.
03:50
Does it mean the problem is over? The answer is no.
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ื”ืื ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื ื’ืžืจื”? ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื.
03:53
There's still a long way to go, but that there's a will there.
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ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื“ืจืš ืืจื•ื›ื” ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืจืฆื•ืŸ.
03:57
And that successes are being chalked up on this very important fight.
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ื•ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ื”ื–ื”.
04:01
So when you hear about corruption,
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ืื– ื›ืฉืืชื ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช,
04:03
don't just feel that nothing is being done about this --
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ืืœ ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉืœื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ,
04:06
that you can't operate in any African country
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ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืชืคืงื“ ื‘ืฉื•ื ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ืช
04:09
because of the overwhelming corruption. That is not the case.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ืœื˜ืช. ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืš.
04:12
There's a will to fight, and in many countries, that fight is ongoing
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ื™ืฉ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ืื‘ืง, ื•ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื”ื–ื” ื ืžืฉืš
04:18
and is being won. In others, like mine,
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ื•ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ. ื‘ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื–ื• ืฉืœื™,
04:22
where there has been a long history of dictatorship in Nigeria,
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ื™ืฉ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืืจื•ื›ื” ืฉืœ ื“ื™ืงื˜ื˜ื•ืจื” ื‘ื ื™ื’ืจื™ื”,
04:25
the fight is ongoing and we have a long way to go.
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ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื ืžืฉืš ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื“ืจืš ืืจื•ื›ื” ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ.
04:29
But the truth of the matter is that this is going on.
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ืืš ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื ืžืฉืš.
04:34
The results are showing:
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ืจื•ืื™ื ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช:
04:36
independent monitoring by the World Bank and other organizations
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ืžืขืงื‘ ืขืฆืžืื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื•ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื
04:40
show that in many instances the trend is downwards
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ืžืจืื” ืฉื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืžื’ืžืช ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช
04:44
in terms of corruption, and governance is improving.
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ื•ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ืžืฉืชืคืจ.
04:47
A study by the Economic Commission for Africa showed
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ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืขื™ื“ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื” ื”ืจืื”
04:51
a clear trend upwards in governance in 28 African countries.
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ืžื’ืžืช ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื‘ืžืžืฉืœ ื‘-28 ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื•ืช.
04:55
And let me say just one more thing
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ื•ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“
04:57
before I leave this area of governance.
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืžืžืฉืœ.
04:59
That is that people talk about corruption, corruption.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช, ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช.
05:02
All the time when they talk about it
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ืชืžื™ื“ ื›ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื”
05:04
you immediately think about Africa.
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ืืชื ืžื™ื“ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
05:06
That's the image: African countries. But let me say this:
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ื–ื• ืชื“ืžื™ืช: ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื•ืช. ืื‘ืœ ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœื•ืžืจ:
05:10
if Alams was able to export eight million dollars into an account in London --
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ืื ืืœืืžืก ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ,
05:18
if the other people who had taken money, estimated at
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ืื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืœืงื—ื• ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืขืจื™ื›ื• ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ
05:22
20 to 40 billion now of developing countries' monies
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ืขืฉืจื™ื ืœืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืžื›ืกืคื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช
05:26
sitting abroad in the developed countries -- if they're able to do this,
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ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืชื—ื•ืช. ื•ืื ื”ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ื‘ื›ืš,
05:29
what is that? Is that not corruption?
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ืื– ืžื” ื–ื”? ื–ื• ืœื ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช?
05:33
In this country, if you receive stolen goods, are you not prosecuted?
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ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช, ืื ืืชื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืกื—ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ื ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ืœื ืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืืชื›ื?
05:38
So when we talk about this kind of corruption, let us also think
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ืื– ื›ืฉืื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื›ื–ืืช, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘
05:41
about what is happening on the other side of the globe --
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ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื,
05:44
where the money's going and what can be done to stop it.
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ืœืื™ืคื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ืžื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืื•ืชื•.
05:48
I'm working on an initiative now, along with the World Bank,
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ืื ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื›ืจื’ืข ืขืœ ื™ื–ืžื”, ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™,
05:51
on asset recovery, trying to do what we can
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ืœื”ื—ื–ืจืช ื ื›ืกื™ื, ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ืžื” ืฉืืคืฉืจ
05:54
to get the monies that have been taken abroad --
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืฆืื• ืžื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”,
05:57
developing countries' moneys -- to get that sent back.
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ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช, ื•ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืื•ืชื ื—ื–ืจื”.
06:00
Because if we can get the 20 billion dollars sitting out there back,
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ื›ื™ ืื ื ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืขืฉืจื™ื ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจ ืฉื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ,
06:03
it may be far more for some of these countries
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ
06:06
than all the aid that is being put together.
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ืžื›ืœ ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ืฉื”ื•ืฉืงืข ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื—ื“.
06:09
(Applause)
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(ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
06:16
The second thing I want to talk about is the will for reform.
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืชื›ื ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื•ื ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœืจืคื•ืจืžื”.
06:20
Africans, after -- they're tired, we're tired
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ืœืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ื ืžืืก, ืœื ื• ื ืžืืก
06:24
of being the subject of everybody's charity and care.
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ืžืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืฉื ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ื•ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื›ื•ืœื.
06:29
We are grateful, but we know that
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ืื ื• ืืกื™ืจื™ ืชื•ื“ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื
06:33
we can take charge of our own destinies if we have the will to reform.
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื’ื•ืจืœื ื• ืื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœืจืคื•ืจืžื”.
06:38
And what is happening in many African countries now is a realization
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ื•ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื”ื”ื‘ื ื”
06:42
that no one can do it but us. We have to do it.
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ืฉืื™ืฉ ืœื ื™ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช ืžืœื‘ื“ื ื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.
06:46
We can invite partners who can support us, but we have to start.
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ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืฉื™ืชืžื›ื• ื‘ื ื•, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ.
06:50
We have to reform our economies, change our leadership,
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื‘ืฆืข ืจืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื”, ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ื ื”ื’ื”,
06:53
become more democratic, be more open to change and to information.
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ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื™ื, ืœื”ื™ืคืชื— ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืœืžื™ื“ืข
06:59
And this is what we started to do
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช
07:01
in one of the largest countries on the continent, Nigeria.
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ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉืช, ื ื™ื’ืจื™ื”.
07:04
In fact, if you're not in Nigeria, you're not in Africa.
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ื‘ืขืฆื, ืื ืืชื” ืœื ื‘ื ื™ื’ืจื™ื”, ืืชื” ืœื ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
07:07
I want to tell you that.
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ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœื›ื.
07:08
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
07:09
One in four sub-Saharan Africans is Nigerian,
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ืื—ื“ ืžื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื” ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ืžื“ืจื•ื ืœืกื”ืจื” ื”ื•ื ื ื™ื’ืจื™,
07:13
and it has 140 million dynamic people -- chaotic people --
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ื•ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื” 140 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ื“ื™ื ืžื™ื™ื, ื›ืื•ื˜ื™ื™ื,
07:19
but very interesting people. You'll never be bored.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืžืื•ื“. ืœื ื™ืฉืขืžื ืœื›ื ืืฃ ืคืขื.
07:23
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
07:24
What we started to do was to realize
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ืžื” ืฉื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ
07:26
that we had to take charge and reform ourselves.
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ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืงื—ืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ืฆืข ืจืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื ื•
07:29
And with the support of a leader
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ื•ื‘ืชืžื™ื›ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ื™ื’
07:31
who was willing, at the time, to do the reforms,
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ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื‘ื–ืžื ื•, ืœืขืจื•ืš ืจืคื•ืจืžื•ืช,
07:34
we put forward a comprehensive reform program,
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ื”ื’ืฉื ื• ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืžืงื™ืคื”
07:36
which we developed ourselves.
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ืฉืคื™ืชื—ื ื• ื‘ืขืฆืžื ื•.
07:38
Not the International Monetary Fund. Not the World Bank,
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ืœื ืงืจืŸ ื”ืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ืœื ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™,
07:41
where I worked for 21 years and rose to be a vice president.
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ืฉื‘ื• ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ 21 ืฉื ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžืชื™ ืœืขืžื“ืช ืกื’ื ื™ืช ื ืฉื™ื.
07:45
No one can do it for you. You have to do it for yourself.
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ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื™ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœืš. ืขืœื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื‘ืขืฆืžืš.
07:47
We put together a program that would, one: get the state
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ื‘ื ื™ื ื• ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืฉื“ื‘ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ: ืชื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืกื•ืงื™ื
07:51
out of businesses it had nothing -- it had no business being in.
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ืฉืื™ื ื ื”ืขืกืง ืฉืœื”.
07:55
The state should not be in the business
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ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืกืงื™
07:57
of producing goods and services
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ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืกื—ื•ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื
07:58
because it's inefficient and incompetent.
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ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื” ื™ืขื™ืœื” ืื• ืžื•ืฆืœื—ืช ื‘ื›ืš.
08:01
So we decided to privatize many of our enterprises.
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ืื– ื”ื—ืœื˜ื ื• ืœื”ืคืจื™ื˜ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช.
08:05
(Applause)
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(ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
08:10
We -- as a result, we decided to liberalize many of our markets.
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ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš, ื”ื—ืœื˜ื ื• ืœื”ื ื”ื™ื’ ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
08:14
Can you believe that prior to this reform --
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœืคื ื™ ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื”,
08:17
which started at the end of 2003, when I left Washington
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ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ 2003, ื›ืฉืขื–ื‘ืชื™ ืืช ื•ื•ืฉื™ื ื’ื˜ื•ืŸ
08:21
to go and take up the post of Finance Minister --
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืžื ื•ืช ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืจืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื”,
08:25
we had a telecommunications company that was only able to develop
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ื—ื‘ืจืช ื˜ืœืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ืงืฆื™ื” ืฉื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืœืคืชื—
08:29
4,500 landlines in its entire 30-year history?
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ืจืง 4,500 ืงื•ื•ื™ ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื‘-30 ืฉื ื•ืช ืงื™ื•ืžื”?
08:34
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:36
Having a telephone in my country was a huge luxury.
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ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœื™, ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ.
08:39
You couldn't get it. You had to bribe.
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ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื—ื“. ืจืง ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืฉื•ื—ื“.
08:41
You had to do everything to get your phone.
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ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ.
08:43
When President Obasanjo supported and launched
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ื›ืฉื”ื ืฉื™ื ืื•ื‘ืกื ื’'ื• ืชืžืš ื•ื”ืฉื™ืง
08:46
the liberalization of the telecommunications sector,
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ืืช ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื˜ืœืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ืงืฆื™ื”,
08:51
we went from 4,500 landlines to 32 million GSM lines, and counting.
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ื”ืชืงื“ืžื ื• ืž-4,500 ืงื•ื•ื™ื ืœ-32 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืงื•ื•ื™ื ืกืœื•ืœืจื™ื™ื, ื•ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืขื•ื“.
08:59
Nigeria's telecoms market is the second-fastest growing in the world,
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ืฉื•ืง ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ืจื™ื” ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืชื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื,
09:04
after China. We are getting investments of about a billion dollars a year
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ืื—ืจื™ ืกื™ืŸ. ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจ ื‘ืฉื ื”
09:09
in telecoms. And nobody knows, except a few smart people.
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ื‘ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช. ื•ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื–ื”, ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื›ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื›ืžื™ื.
09:15
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
09:18
The smartest one, first to come in,
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ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื ื›ื ืกื• ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื
09:22
was the MTN company of South Africa.
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ื”ื™ื• ื—ื‘ืจืช ืื.ื˜ื™.ืืŸ. ืžื“ืจื•ื ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
09:24
And in the three years that I was Finance Minister,
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ื•ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื›ื™ื”ื ืชื™ ื›ืฉืจืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื”,
09:28
they made an average of 360 million dollars profit per year.
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ื”ื ื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื• 360 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ืฉื ื”.
09:33
360 million in a market -- in a country that is a poor country,
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ื›-360 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ ื‘ืฉื•ืง ืื—ื“, ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื ื™ื™ื”,
09:39
with an average per capita income just under 500 dollars per capita.
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ืขื ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ืœื ืคืฉ ืฉืœ ืงืฆืช ืคื—ื•ืช ืž-500 ื“ื•ืœืจ.
09:44
So the market is there.
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ืื– ื”ืฉื•ืง ืงื™ื™ื.
09:46
When they kept this under wraps, but soon others got to know.
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ื”ื ืฉืžืจื• ืขืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืกื•ื“, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื ื•ื“ืข ืœืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืจื”.
09:50
Nigerians themselves began to develop
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ื”ื ื™ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืคืชื—
09:53
some wireless telecommunications companies,
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ื›ืžื” ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืœื˜ืœืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ืงืฆื™ื” ืืœื—ื•ื˜ื™ืช,
09:55
and three or four others have come in.
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ื•ื ื›ื ืกื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืื• ืืจื‘ืข ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช.
09:57
But there's a huge market out there,
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ืื‘ืœ ืงื™ื™ื ืฉื•ืง ืขืฆื•ื,
10:00
and people don't know about it, or they don't want to know.
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ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืขืœื™ื•, ืื• ืฉืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื“ืขืช.
10:05
So privatization is one of the things we've done.
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ืื– ื”ืคืจื˜ื” ื”ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ืฉืขืฉื™ื ื•.
10:08
The other thing we've also done is to manage our finances better.
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ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืขืฉื™ื ื• ื”ื•ื ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื.
10:15
Because nobody's going to help you and support you
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ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืš ืื• ื™ืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืš
10:18
if you're not managing your own finances well.
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ืื ืœื ืชื ื”ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœืš ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
10:21
And Nigeria, with the oil sector, had the reputation
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ื•ืœื ื™ื’ืจื™ื”, ืขื ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื ืคื˜ ืฉืœื”, ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ
10:25
of being corrupt and not managing its own public finances well.
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ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื•ืฉื—ืชืช ืฉืœื ืžื ื”ืœืช ืืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœื” ื›ืจืื•ื™.
10:30
So what did we try to do? We introduced a fiscal rule
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ืื– ืžื” ื ื™ืกื™ื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช? ื”ื›ื ืกื ื• ื—ื•ืง ื›ืกืคื™
10:35
that de-linked our budget from the oil price.
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ืฉื ื™ืชืง ืืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉืœื ื• ืžืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื ืคื˜
10:37
Before we used to just budget on whatever oil we bring in,
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ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืชืงืฆื‘ื™ื ืœืคื™ ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืžื ืคื˜,
10:41
because oil is the biggest, most revenue-earning sector
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ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืคื˜ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื”ืžื›ื ื™ืก ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
10:46
in the economy: 70 percent of our revenues come from oil.
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ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื”: 70% ืžื”ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืžื ืคื˜.
10:49
We de-linked that, and once we did it, we began to budget
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ื ื™ืชืงื ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืขืฉื™ื ื• ื–ืืช, ื”ืชื—ืœื ื•
10:53
at a price slightly lower than the oil price
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ืœืชืงืฆื‘ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื ืžื•ืš ืžืขื˜ ืžืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื ืคื˜
10:56
and save whatever was above that price.
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ื•ืœื—ืกื•ืš ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ.
11:01
We didn't know we could pull it off; it was very controversial.
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ืœื ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืื ื ืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ื›ืš, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ,
11:04
But what it immediately did was that the volatility
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช
11:07
that had been present in terms of our economic development --
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ืฉืืคื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
11:10
where, even if oil prices were high, we would grow very fast.
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ืฉื‘ื”, ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื ืคื˜ ื”ื™ื• ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื, ื”ืชืคืชื—ื ื• ืžื”ืจ ืžืื•ื“.
11:14
When they crashed, we crashed.
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ื›ืฉื”ื ื”ืชืจืกืงื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืชืจืกืงื ื•.
11:16
And we could hardly even pay anything, any salaries, in the economy.
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ื•ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืฉืœื ืžืฉื”ื•, ืžืฉื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื›ืœืฉื”ืŸ, ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื”.
11:21
That smoothened out. We were able to save, just before I left,
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ื–ื” ื”ืกืชื“ืจ. ื”ืฆืœื—ื ื• ืœื—ืกื•ืš, ืžืžืฉ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืขื–ื‘ืชื™,
11:25
27 billion dollars. Whereas -- and this went to our reserves --
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ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืฉื‘ืขื” ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจ, ืฉื”ืœื›ื• ืœื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ.
11:31
when I arrived in 2003, we had seven billion dollars in reserves.
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ื’ืขืชื™ ื‘-2003, ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ 7 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจ.
11:36
By the time I left, we had gone up to almost 30 billion dollars. And
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ื›ืฉืขื–ื‘ืชื™, ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœ-30 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื›ืžืขื˜.
11:39
as we speak now, we have about 40 billion dollars in reserves
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื™ืฉ ื›-40 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื‘ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ
11:43
due to proper management of our finances.
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ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
11:48
And that shores up our economy, makes it stable.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื”, ืžื™ื™ืฆื‘ ืื•ืชื”.
11:51
Our exchange rate that used to fluctuate all the time
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ืฉืขืจ ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืชื ื” ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ,
11:54
is now fairly stable and being managed so that business people
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ื“ื™ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื•ืžื ื•ื”ืœ, ื›ืš ืฉืื ืฉื™ ืขืกืงื™ื
11:58
have a predictability of prices in the economy.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืง.
12:05
We brought inflation down from 28 percent to about 11 percent.
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ื”ื•ืจื“ื ื• ืืช ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ืž-28 ืื—ื•ื– ืœ-11 ืื—ื•ื– ื‘ืขืจืš.
12:11
And we had GDP grow from an average of 2.3 percent the previous decade
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ื•ืืช ืฆืžื™ื—ืช ื”ืชืœ"ื’ ืž-2.3 ืื—ื•ื– ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ื
12:17
to about 6.5 percent now.
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ืœื›-6.5 ืื—ื•ื– ื›ื™ื•ื.
12:21
So all the changes and reforms we were able to make
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ืื– ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ืฉื”ืฆืœื—ื ื• ืœืขืจื•ืš
12:24
have shown up in results that are measurable in the economy.
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ื”ืฉืชืงืคื• ื‘ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœืžื“ื™ื“ื” ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื”.
12:27
And what is more important, because we want to get away from oil
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ื•ืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืชืจื—ืง ืžื”ื ืคื˜
12:31
and diversify -- and there are so many opportunities
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ื•ืœื’ื•ื•ืŸ, ื•ื™ืฉ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช
12:33
in this one big country, as in many countries in Africa --
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ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื–ืืช, ื›ืžื• ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ,ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื” --
12:38
what was remarkable is that much of this growth came
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ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื’ื™ืขื”
12:41
not from the oil sector alone, but from non-oil.
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ืœื ืžืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื ืคื˜ ืœื‘ื“ื•, ืืœื ืžืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
12:44
Agriculture grew at better than eight percent.
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ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืฆืžื—ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืžื•ื ื” ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื.
12:47
As telecoms sector grew, housing and construction,
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ื›ืคื™ ืฉืฆืžื— ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื˜ืœืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ืงืฆื™ื”, ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื•ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”,
12:51
and I could go on and on. And this is to illustrate to you that
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ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“. ื•ื–ื” ืžืžื—ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืื™ืš
12:56
once you get the macro-economy straightened out,
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ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืžืกื“ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืงืจื•-ื›ืœื›ืœื”,
12:58
the opportunities in various other sectors are enormous.
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ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ืœืขืฆื•ืžื•ืช.
13:03
We have opportunities in agriculture, like I said.
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ื™ืฉ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ืงืœืื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจืชื™.
13:06
We have opportunities in solid minerals. We have a lot of minerals
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื ืจืœื™ื ืžื•ืฆืงื™ื. ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืžื™ื ืจืœื™ื
13:10
that no one has even invested in or explored. And we realized
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ืฉืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื—ืงืจ ืื• ื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ื”ื. ื•ื”ื‘ื ื•
13:13
that without the proper legislation to make that possible,
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ืฉื‘ืœื™ ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœื”ืคื•ืš ื–ืืช ืœืืคืฉืจื™,
13:16
that wouldn't happen. So we've now got a mining code
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ื–ื” ืœื ื™ืงืจื”. ืื– ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืื•ืกืฃ
13:19
that is comparable with some of the best in the world.
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ื—ื•ืงื™ ื›ืจื™ื™ื” ืžื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
13:23
We have opportunities in housing and real estate.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื•ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ.
13:25
There was nothing in a country of 140 million people --
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ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœื•ื, ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ 140 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉ,
13:29
no shopping malls as you know them here.
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ืฉื•ื ืงื ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉืืชื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ื›ืืŸ.
13:35
This was an investment opportunity for someone
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ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืงืขื” ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื•
13:38
that excited the imagination of people.
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ืฉื”ืฆื™ืชื” ืืช ื“ืžื™ื•ื ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื.
13:41
And now, we have a situation in which the businesses in this mall
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ื›ื™ื•ื, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืงื ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”
13:44
are doing four times the turnover that they had projected.
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ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื™ื ืคื™ ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื ืฆืคื•.
13:48
So, huge things in construction, real estate,
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ืื– ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืฆื•ืžื™ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”, ื‘ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ,
13:51
mortgage markets. Financial services:
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ืฉื•ืง ืžืฉื›ื ืชืื•ืช. ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื™ื:
13:54
we had 89 banks. Too many not doing their real business.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• 89 ื‘ื ืงื™ื. ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ืžื”ื ืœื ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืœื”ื.
13:58
We consolidated them from 89 to 25 banks by requiring
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ืžื–ื’ื ื• ืื•ืชื ืž-89 ื‘ื ืงื™ื ืœ-25 ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื“ืจืฉื ื•
14:02
that they increase their capital -- share capital.
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ืžื”ื ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื, ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ.
14:07
And it went from about 25 million dollars to 150 million dollars.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืขืœื” ืž-25 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœ-150 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ.
14:12
The banks -- these banks are now consolidated, and that strengthening
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ื”ื‘ื ืงื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžืื•ื—ื“ื™ื ื›ืขืช, ื•ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื ืงื™ื
14:16
of the banking system has attracted a lot of investment from outside.
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ื”ืžืชื—ื–ืงืช ืžืฉื›ื” ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืžื‘ื—ื•ืฅ.
14:20
Barclays Bank of the U.K. is bringing in 500 million.
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ื‘ืจืงืœื™ื– ื‘ื ืง ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ ืžื›ื ื™ืก 500 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ.
14:24
Standard Chartered has brought in 140 million.
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ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ ืฆ'ืจื˜ืจื“ ื”ื›ื ื™ืก 140 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ.
14:28
And I can go on. Dollars, on and on, into the system.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“. ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื, ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“, ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช.
14:31
We are doing the same with the insurance sector.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—.
14:33
So in financial services, a great deal of opportunity.
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ืื– ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื™ื, ื™ืฉ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช.
14:36
In tourism, in many African countries, a great opportunity.
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ื‘ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช, ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื•ืช, ื™ืฉ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช.
14:42
And that's what many people know East Africa for:
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ื•ื›ืš ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ืžื–ืจื— ืืคืจื™ืงื”:
14:46
the wildlife, the elephants, and so on.
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ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจ, ืคื™ืœื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœืื”.
14:49
But managing the tourism market in a way
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ืืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืœื ื”ืœ ืืช ืฉื•ืง ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช
14:51
that can really benefit the people is very important.
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืขื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื.
14:55
So what am I trying to say? I'm trying to tell you
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ืื– ืžื” ืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœื•ืžืจ? ืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื
14:58
that there's a new wave on the continent.
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ืฉื™ืฉ ื’ืœ ื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉืช.
15:01
A new wave of openness and democratization in which, since 2000,
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ื’ืœ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืคืชื™ื—ื•ืช ื•ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉื‘ื•, ืžืื– ืฉื ืช 2000,
15:06
more than two-thirds of African countries have had
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ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื ื™-ืฉืœื™ืฉ ืžื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื•
15:08
multi-party democratic elections.
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ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืจื‘-ืžืคืœื’ืชื™ื•ืช.
15:11
Not all of them have been perfect, or will be,
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ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืื• ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ืฉืœืžื•ืช,
15:14
but the trend is very clear.
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ืืš ื™ืฉ ืžื’ืžื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืžืื•ื“.
15:16
I'm trying to tell you that since the past three years,
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ืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืฉืžืื– ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช,
15:20
the average rate of growth on the continent has moved
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ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉืช ืขืœื”
15:23
from about 2.5 percent to about five percent per annum.
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ืž-2.5 ืื—ื•ื– ื‘ืขืจืš ืœ-5 ืื—ื•ื– ื‘ืขืจืš ื‘ืฉื ื”.
15:27
This is better than the performance of many OECD countries.
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ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืœืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื•ืœืคื™ืชื•ื—.
15:32
So it's clear that things are changing.
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ืื– ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืฉืชื ื™ื.
15:36
Conflicts are down on the continent;
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ื”ืกื›ืกื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉืช ืคื•ื—ืชื™ื;
15:39
from about 12 conflicts a decade ago,
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ืž-12 ืกื›ืกื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืขืจืš ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ื,
15:41
we are down to three or four conflicts --
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ื™ืจื“ื ื• ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืื• ืืจื‘ืขื” ืกื›ืกื•ื›ื™ื,
15:43
one of the most terrible, of course, of which is Darfur.
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ืื—ื“ ื”ืื™ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ื“ืืจืคื•ืจ.
15:46
And, you know, you have the neighborhood effect where
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ื•ื›ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœื›ื, ื™ืฉื ื• ืืคืงื˜ ื”ืฉื›ืŸ ืฉื‘ื•
15:49
if something is going on in one part of the continent,
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ื›ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ืงื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ืœืง ืื—ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืช,
15:51
it looks like the entire continent is affected.
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ื ืจืื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืช ื›ื•ืœื” ืžื•ืฉืคืขืช.
15:54
But you should know that this continent is not --
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ืืš ืขืœื™ื›ื ืœื“ืขืช ืฉื”ื™ื‘ืฉืช ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ืœื --
15:57
is a continent of many countries, not one country.
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ื”ื™ื ื™ื‘ืฉืช ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช, ืœื ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื—ืช.
16:03
And if we are down to three or four conflicts,
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ื•ืื ื™ืจื“ื ื• ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืื• ืืจื‘ืขื” ืกื›ืกื•ื›ื™ื,
16:05
it means that there are plenty of opportunities to invest
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ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช
16:08
in stable, growing, exciting economies
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ื‘ืžืฉืงื™ื ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื™ื, ืฆื•ืžื—ื™ื ื•ืžืœื”ื™ื‘ื™ื
16:15
where there's plenty of opportunity.
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ืฉื‘ื”ื ื™ืฉ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช.
16:19
And I want to just make one point about this investment.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืจืง ื˜ื™ืขื•ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช.
16:24
The best way to help Africans today
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ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื
16:27
is to help them to stand on their own feet.
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ื”ื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื.
16:30
And the best way to do that is by helping create jobs.
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ื•ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
16:35
There's no issue with fighting malaria and putting money in that
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ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืจืข ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืžืœืจื™ื” ื•ื‘ื”ืฉืงืขืช ื›ืกืคื™ื ื‘ื›ืš
16:39
and saving children's lives. That's not what I'm saying. That is fine.
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ื•ื‘ื”ืฆืœืช ื—ื™ื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื. ื–ื” ืœื ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจืช. ื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ.
16:44
But imagine the impact on a family: if the parents can be employed
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ืืš ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื”: ืื ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื ื™ืฉ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
16:48
and make sure that their children go to school,
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ื•ื”ื ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื”ื ื™ืœื›ื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ,
16:50
that they can buy the drugs to fight the disease themselves.
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ื•ืฉื”ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืงื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื.
16:53
If we can invest in places where you yourselves make money
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ืื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ื ืืชื ืชืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื• ื›ืกืฃ
16:57
whilst creating jobs and helping people stand on their own feet,
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ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ืขื–ืจื” ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ืจื’ืœื™ื”ื,
17:02
isn't that a wonderful opportunity? Isn't that the way to go?
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ื”ืื™ืŸ ื–ื• ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื ื”ื“ืจืช? ื”ืื™ืŸ ื–ื• ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื”?
17:07
And I want to say that some of the best people to invest in
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ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื—ืœืง ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ื”ื
17:10
on the continent are the women.
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ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉืช ื”ื•ื ื”ื ืฉื™ื.
17:13
(Applause)
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(ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
17:20
I have a CD here. I'm sorry that I didn't say anything on time.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื›ืืŸ ืชืงืœื™ื˜ื•ืจ. ืื ื™ ืžืฆื˜ืขืจืช ืฉืœื ืืžืจืชื™ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ.
17:25
Otherwise, I would have liked you to have seen this.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชืจืื• ืืช ื–ื”.
17:27
It says, "Africa: Open for Business."
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ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ, "ืืคืจื™ืงื”: ืคืชื•ื—ื” ืœืขืกืงื™ื".
17:31
And this is a video that has actually won an award
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ื•ื–ื” ื•ื™ื“ืื• ืฉืœืžืขืฉื” ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืคืจืก
17:34
as the best documentary of the year.
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ื›ืกืจื˜ ื”ืชื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื”.
17:36
Understand that the woman who made it
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ืชื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ืื™ืฉื” ืฉื™ืฆืจื” ืื•ืชื•
17:38
is going to be in Tanzania, where they're having the session in June.
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ื ื•ืกืขืช ืœื˜ื ื–ื ื™ื”, ื•ืฉื ื”ืŸ ื™ืขื‘ื“ื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™.
17:44
But it shows you Africans, and particularly African women, who
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืžืจืื” ืœื›ื ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื ืฉื™ื ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื•ืช,
17:49
against all odds have developed businesses, some of them world-class.
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ืฉื›ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื ืคื™ืชื—ื• ืขืกืงื™ื, ื—ืœืงื ื‘ืจืžื” ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช.
17:54
One of the women in this video, Adenike Ogunlesi,
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ืื—ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื•ื™ื“ืื•, ืื“ื ื™ืงื” ืื•ื’ื•ื ืœืกื™,
17:57
making children's clothes --
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ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื,
17:59
which she started as a hobby and grew into a business.
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ืžื” ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืืฆืœื” ื›ืชื—ื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ืฆืžื— ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืกืง.
18:04
Mixing African materials, such as we have,
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ื”ื™ื ืžืขืจื‘ื‘ืช ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžืืคืจื™ืงื”, ื›ืžื• ืืœื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื•,
18:08
with materials from elsewhere.
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ืขื ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื.
18:09
So, she'll make a little pair of dungarees with corduroys,
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ืื– ื”ื™ื ืžื›ื™ื ื” ืžื›ื ืกื™ ื“ื ื™ื ืขื ืงื•ืจื“ื•ืจื•ื™,
18:14
with African material mixed in. Very creative designs,
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ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื‘ ืขื ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื. ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื™ื.
18:20
has reached a stage where she even had an order from Wal-Mart.
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ื–ื” ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ื”ื–ืžื ื” ืžื•ื•ืœ ืžืืจื˜.
18:24
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
18:26
For 10,000 pieces.
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ืœืขืฉืจืช ืืœืคื™ื ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื.
18:29
So that shows you that we have people who are capable of doing.
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ืื– ื–ื” ืžืจืื” ืœื›ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
18:33
And the women are diligent. They are focused; they work hard.
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ื•ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืŸ ืฉืงื“ื ื™ื•ืช: ื”ืŸ ืžืžื•ืงื“ื•ืช; ื”ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืงืฉื”.
18:38
I could go on giving examples:
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืชืช ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช.
18:40
Beatrice Gakuba of Rwanda, who opened up a flower business
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ื‘ื™ืื˜ืจื™ืก ื’ืงื•ื‘ื” ืžืจื•ื•ืื“ื ื”, ืฉืคืชื—ื” ืขืกืง ืœืคืจื—ื™ื
18:44
and is now exporting to the Dutch auction in Amsterdam each morning
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ื•ื›ื™ื•ื ืžื™ื™ืฆืืช ืœืžื›ื™ืจื” ื”ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืืžืกื˜ืจื“ื ื›ืœ ื‘ื•ืงืจ.
18:49
and is employing 200 other women and men to work with her.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืขืกื™ืงื” 200 ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืื™ืชื”.
18:54
However, many of these are starved for capital to expand,
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ืื•ืœื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืขืกืงื™ื ืฆืžืื™ื ืœื”ื•ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืจื—ื‘,
18:59
because nobody believes outside of our countries
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ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœื ืžืืžื™ืŸ
19:02
that we can do what is necessary. Nobody thinks in terms of a market.
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš. ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืง.
19:07
Nobody thinks there's opportunity.
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ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช.
19:10
But I'm standing here saying that those who miss the boat now,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื›ืืŸ ื•ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉืžื™ ืฉืžื—ืžื™ืฅ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืจื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื•,
19:13
will miss it forever.
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ื™ื—ืžื™ืฅ ืื•ืชื” ืœื ืฆื—.
19:15
So if you want to be in Africa, think about investing.
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ืื– ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”, ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช.
19:22
Think about the Beatrices, think about the Adenikes of this world,
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ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืื˜ืจื™ืก, ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”ืื“ื ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื,
19:28
who are doing incredible things, that are bringing them
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ืคืœืื™ื ืฉืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืื•ืชื
19:31
into the global economy, whilst at the same time making sure
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ืืœ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช, ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื
19:34
that their fellow men and women are employed,
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ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืขืžื ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื,
19:37
and that the children in those households get educated
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ื•ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื—ื™ื ื•ืš
19:39
because their parents are earning adequate income.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉืฆืจื™ืš.
19:43
So I invite you to explore the opportunities.
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืžื–ืžื™ื ื” ืืชื›ื ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช.
19:48
When you go to Tanzania, listen carefully,
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ื›ืฉืชื”ื™ื• ื‘ื˜ื ื–ื ื™ื”, ื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ื”ื™ื˜ื‘,
19:52
because I'm sure you will hear of the various openings that there will be
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ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ืฉืชืฉืžืขื• ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื›ื
19:56
for you to get involved in something that will do good
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ืœืงื—ืช ื—ืœืง ื‘ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื™ื™ื˜ื™ื‘
20:01
for the continent, for the people and for yourselves.
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ืขื ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืช, ืขื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ืขื ืขืฆืžื›ื.
20:06
Thank you very much.
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.ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื
20:07
(Applause)
317
1207000
8000
(ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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