Bryan Stevenson: We need to talk about an injustice | TED

Prevoditelj: Katarina Smetko Recezent: Zlatko Smetisko

Ovo mi je zaista iznimna čast.

Well, this is a really extraordinary honor for me.

Većinu svojeg vremena provodim

I spend most of my time in jails, in prisons, on death row.

u zatvorima, s osuđenima na smrt.

I spend most of my time in very low-income communities,

Većinu vremena provodim u vrlo siromašnim zajednicama

in the projects and places where there's a great deal of hopelessness.

u socijalnom smještaju i mjestima gdje vlada veliko beznađe.

Boravak ovdje na TED-u

And being here at TED and seeing the stimulation, hearing it,

i sva stimulacija koju vidim i čujem

has been very, very energizing to me.

dala mi je veliku energiju.

And one of the things that's emerged in my short time here

Tijekom mog kratkog boravka ovdje pokazalo se

is that TED has an identity.

da TED ima identitet.

And you can actually say things here that have impacts around the world.

Ovdje zaista možete reći stvari

koje će imati utjecaj u cijelome svijetu.

And sometimes when it comes through TED, it has meaning and power

Ponekad stvari koje dolaze kroz TED

imaju drugačije značenje i moć

that it doesn't have when it doesn't.

nego kad to nije slučaj.

And I mention that because I think identity is really important.

To govorim jer mislim da je identitet vrlo bitan.

Bilo je fantastičnih prezentacija.

And we've had some fantastic presentations.

Mislim da sam naučio da

And I think what we've learned is that, if you're a teacher,

ako si učitelj, tvoje riječi mogu biti značajne,

your words can be meaningful,

ali ako si suosjećajan učitelj,

but if you're a compassionate teacher, they can be especially meaningful.

onda one mogu biti naročito značajne.

Ako si liječnik, možeš raditi dobre stvari,

If you're a doctor, you can do some good things,

ali ako si brižan liječnik, možeš raditi i druge stvari.

but if you're a caring doctor, you can do some other things.

Zato vam želim govoriti o moći identiteta.

So I want to talk about the power of identity.

Zapravo ništa o tome nisam naučio

And I didn't learn about this actually practicing law

baveći se pravom i svojim poslom.

and doing the work that I do.

O tome me naučila moja baka.

I actually learned about this from my grandmother.

Odrastao sam u kući

I grew up in a house that was the traditional African American home

koja je bila tradicionalan afroamerički dom

kojim je dominirao matrijarh,

that was dominated by a matriarch,

and that matriarch was my grandmother.

a to je bila moja baka.

Bila je stroga, snažna,

She was tough, she was strong, she was powerful.

bila je moćna.

She was the end of every argument in our family.

Završavala je sve svađe u našoj obitelji.

(Laughter)

She was the beginning of a lot of arguments in our family.

Mnoge je svađe u našoj obitelji i započinjala.

(Laughter)

Bila je kći pravih robova.

She was the daughter of people who were actually enslaved.

Njeni su roditelji rođeni u ropstvu u Virginiji 1840-ih godina.

Her parents were born in slavery in Virginia in the 1840s.

Ona je rođena 1880-ih

She was born in the 1880s,

i iskustvo ropstva

and the experience of slavery

znatno je utjecalo na njezino viđenje svijeta.

very much shaped the way she saw the world.

And my grandmother was tough, but she was also loving.

Moja je baka bila stroga, ali bila je i nježna.

Kad bih bio kod nje kao dječak,

When I would see her as a little boy,

dolazila bi do mene i zagrlila me.

she'd come up to me and give me these hugs.

Stisnula bi me tako jako da sam jedva disao

And she'd squeeze me so tight I could barely breathe,

i onda bi me pustila.

and then she'd let me go.

Sat-dva kasnije, ako sam je vidio,

And an hour or two later, if I saw her,

došla bi do mene i rekla: "Bryane, osjećaš li još kako te grlim?"

she'd come over to me and say, "Bryan, do you still feel me hugging you?"

Ako bih rekao ne, opet bi me napala,

If I said, "No," she'd assault me again,

a ako bih rekao da, ostavila bi me na miru.

and if I said, "Yes," she'd leave me alone.

Imala je tu neku osobinu

And she just had this quality that you always wanted to be near her.

da ste uvijek htjeli biti u njenoj blizini.

Jedini je problem bio taj što je imala desetero djece.

And the only challenge was that she had 10 children.

My mom was the youngest of her 10 kids.

Moja je majka bila najmlađe dijete.

And sometimes when I would go and spend time with her,

Zato je ponekad kad bih želio provesti vrijeme s njom

bilo teško dobiti njeno vrijeme i pažnju.

it would be difficult to get her time and attention.

Moji bi bratići i sestrične trčali posvuda uokolo.

My cousins would be running around everywhere.

Sjećam se, kad sam imao osam ili devet godina,

And I remember, when I was about eight or nine years old,

kako sam se jednog jutra probudio, otišao u dnevni boravak

waking up one morning, going into the living room,

i svi su moji bratići i sestrične trčali uokolo.

and all of my cousins were running around.

Moja je baka sjedila na drugom kraju sobe

And my grandmother was sitting across the room,

i gledala me.

staring at me.

Isprva sam mislio da igraju neku igru.

And at first, I thought we were playing a game.

Pogledao sam je i nasmiješio se,

And I would look at her, and I'd smile, but she was very serious.

ali ona je bila vrlo ozbiljna.

Nakon 15-20 minuta

And after about 15 or 20 minutes of this,

ustala je, došla s drugog kraja sobe,

she got up and she came across the room,

and she took me by the hand,

primila me za ruku

and she said, "Come on, Bryan. You and I are going to have a talk."

i rekla: "Hajde, Bryane. Idemo porazgovarati nas dvoje."

Sjećam se toga kao da je bilo jučer.

And I remember this just like it happened yesterday.

I never will forget it.

Nikad to neću zaboraviti.

She took me out back and said, "Bryan, I'm going to tell you something,

Odvela me van i rekla: "Bryane, nešto ću ti reći,

ali nemoj nikome reći što sam ti rekla."

but you don't tell anybody what I tell you."

Rekao sam: "Dobro, bako."

I said, "OK, Mama."

Rekla je: "Pazi da to ne učiniš." Ja sam rekao: "Naravno."

She said, "Now, you make sure you don't do that."

I said, "Sure."

Zatim me posjela, pogledala me

Then she sat me down and she looked at me,

i rekla: "Hoću da znaš

and she said, "I want you to know I've been watching you."

da sam te promatrala."

And she said, "I think you're special."

Rekla je: "Mislim da si poseban.

She said, "I think you can do anything you want to do."

Mislim da možeš učiniti što god poželiš."

Nikad to neću zaboraviti.

I will never forget it.

And then she said, "I just need you to promise me three things, Bryan."

Rekla je: "Samo mi moraš obećati tri stvari, Bryane."

Rekao sam: "Dobro, bako."

I said, "OK, Mama."

Rekla je: "Prvo želim da mi obećaš

She said, "The first thing I want you to promise me

da ćeš uvijek voljeti svoju mamu."

is that you'll always love your mom."

Rekla je: "Ona je moja djevojčica

She said, "That's my baby girl,

i moraš obećati da ćeš se uvijek brinuti za nju."

and you have to promise me now you'll always take care of her."

Ja sam obožavao svoju mamu pa sam rekao: "Hoću, bako."

Well, I adored my mom, so I said, "Yes, Mama. I'll do that."

Zatim je rekla: "Zatim želim da mi obećaš

Then she said, "The second thing I want you to promise me

da ćeš uvijek učiniti ono što je ispravno,

is that you'll always do the right thing,

čak i ako to bude teško."

even when the right thing is the hard thing."

Razmislio sam i rekao: "Hoću, bako."

And I thought about it, and I said, "Yes, Mama. I'll do that."

Na kraju je rekla: "Na kraju želim da mi obećaš

Then finally, she said, "The third thing I want you to promise me

da nikad nećeš piti alkohol."

is that you'll never drink alcohol."

(Smijeh)

(Laughter)

Imao sam devet godina pa sam rekao: "Dobro, bako."

Well, I was nine years old, so I said, "Yes, Mama. I'll do that."

Odrastao sam na selu na jugu SAD-a

I grew up in the country in the rural South,

i imam godinu dana starijeg brata i godinu dana mlađu sestru.

and I have a brother a year older than me and a sister a year younger.

Kad sam imao 14 ili 15 godina,

When I was about 14 or 15,

one day, my brother came home and he had this six-pack of beer;

jednog je dana moj brat došao kući i donio paket od 6 piva --

ne znam odakle mu --

I don't know where he got it.

uhvatio je mene i sestru i otišli smo u šumu.

He grabbed me and my sister, and we went out in the woods,

Ondje smo radili gluposti, kao i obično.

and we were just out there doing the stuff we crazily did,

On je popio malo piva i dao sestri pa je i ona popila

and he had a sip of this beer and gave some to my sister

i onda su ponudili i meni.

and she had some, and they offered it to me.

Rekao sam: "Ne, ne. Ne treba. Samo vi dajte. Ja neću piti pivo."

I said, "No, that's OK. Y'all go ahead. I'm not going to have any."

Moj brat je rekao: "Ma daj, to radimo danas. Uvijek radiš što i mi.

My brother said, "Come on. We're doing this today; you always do what we do.

I ja i sestra smo popili. Popij malo piva."

I had some, your sister had some. Have some beer."

Rekao sam: "Ne, ja ne bih. Vi samo dajte."

I said, "No, I don't feel right about that. Y'all go ahead."

Zatim je brat počeo zuriti u mene.

Rekao je: "Što je s tobom? Popij malo piva."

And then my brother stared at me and said, "What's wrong with you? Have some beer."

Zatim me stvarno ozbiljno pogledao i rekao:

Then he looked at me real hard and said,

"Ne držiš se valjda još uvijek

"Oh, I hope you're not still hung up on that conversation Mama had with you."

onog razgovora s bakom?"

(Smijeh)

(Laughter)

Rekao sam: "Ma o čemu ti to?"

I said, "What are you talking about?"

Rekao je: "Ma, baka svim unucima kaže da su posebni."

He said, "Oh, Mama tells all the grandkids that they're special."

(Smijeh)

(Laughter)

I was devastated.

Bio sam shrvan.

(Smijeh)

(Laughter)

Priznat ću vam nešto.

And I'm going to admit something to you.

Reći ću vam nešto što vjerojatno ne bih trebao.

I'm going to tell you something I probably shouldn't.

Znam da bi se ovo moglo svugdje prikazivati.

I know this might be broadcast broadly.

Ali imam 52 godine

But I'm 52 years old,

i priznat ću vam

and I'm going to admit to you

that I've never had a drop of alcohol.

da nikad nisam popio ni kapi alkohola.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

I don't say that because I think that's virtuous;

Ne kažem to jer mislim da je to vrlina.

I say that because there is power in identity.

Kažem to jer mislim da je u identitetu moć.

When we create the right kind of identity,

Kad stvorimo pravu vrstu identiteta,

we can say things to the world around us

možemo ljudima oko nas govoriti stvari

that they don't actually believe make sense.

za koje zapravo ne vjeruju da imaju smisla.

Možemo postići da čine stvari

We can get them to do things that they don't think they can do.

za koje ne misle da mogu učiniti.

Kad razmišljam o svojoj baki,

When I thought about my grandmother,

naravno da je mislila da je sva njena unučad posebna.

of course she would think all her grandkids were special.

Moj je djed bio u zatvoru tijekom prohibicije.

My grandfather was in prison during prohibition.

Moji su ujaci i stričevi umrli od bolesti povezanih s alkoholom.

My male uncles died of alcohol-related diseases.

Ona je mislila da na te stvari trebamo obratiti pozornost.

And these were the things she thought we needed to commit to.

Pokušavam reći nešto

Well, I've been trying to say something about our criminal justice system.

o našem kaznenopravnom sustavu.

Danas je ova zemlja drugačija

This country is very different today than it was 40 years ago.

nego prije 40 godina.

In 1972, there were 300,000 people in jails and prisons.

1972. godine bilo je 300.000 ljudi u kaznionicama i zatvorima.

Danas ih je 2,3 milijuna.

Today, there are 2.3 million.

The United States now has the highest rate of incarceration

SAD ima najveći postotak populacije u zatvoru

na svijetu.

in the world.

We have seven million people on probation and parole.

Imamo 7 milijuna ljudi na uvjetnoj slobodi.

And mass incarceration, in my judgment,

Masovno zatvaranje, po mojem mišljenju,

has fundamentally changed our world.

temeljito je promijenilo svijet.

U siromašnim zajednicama obojenih rasa

In poor communities, in communities of color,

vlada očaj,

there is this despair,

vlada beznađe,

there is this hopelessness

that is being shaped by these outcomes.

koje uzrokuju te činjenice.

Jedan od trojice crnaca

One out of three Black men between the ages of 18 and 30

u dobi između 18 i 30 godina

is in jail, in prison, on probation or parole.

u kaznionici je, zatvoru ili je uvjetno pušten.

U gradskim zajednicama u cijeloj zemlji --

In urban communities across this country --

u Los Angelesu, Philadelphiji, Baltimoreu, Washingtonu --

Los Angeles, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington --

50 do 60 posto mladih crnaca

50 to 60 percent of all young men of color

u kaznionici su ili zatvoru ili su uvjetno pušteni.

are in jail or prison

or on probation or parole.

Naš sustav ne oblikuju

Our system isn't just being shaped in these ways

samo ove nepravilnosti povezane s rasom,

that seem to be distorting around race,

već i one povezane sa siromaštvom.

they're also distorted by poverty.

U ovoj zemlji imamo pravni sustav

We have a system of justice in this country

koji se prema vama odnosi mnogo bolje

that treats you much better if you're rich and guilty

ako ste bogati i krivi nego ako ste siromašni i nevini.

than if you're poor and innocent.

Bogatstvo, a ne krivnja,

Wealth, not culpability, shapes outcomes.

utječe na rezultate.

And yet, we seem to be very comfortable.

A ipak se čini da nemamo ništa protiv.

Politika straha i gnjeva

The politics of fear and anger have made us believe

uvjerila nas je

that these are problems that are not our problems.

da to nisu naši problemi.

We've been disconnected.

Izgubili smo povezanost.

To mi je zanimljivo.

It's interesting to me.

We're looking at some very interesting developments in our work.

U mojem poslu dolazi do zanimljivih promjena.

Moja država, Alabama, kao i brojne druge,

My state of Alabama, like a number of states,

trajno oduzima pravo glasanja

actually permanently disenfranchises you if you have a criminal conviction.

ako ste osuđeni za kazneno djelo.

Trenutno u Alabami ima

Right now in Alabama,

34 percent of the Black male population has permanently lost the right to vote.

34% muške crnačke populacije

koji su trajno izgubili pravo glasanja.

Predviđamo da će u idućih 10 godina

We're actually projecting that in another 10 years,

postotak populacije bez prava glasanja

the level of disenfranchisement will be as high as it's been

dostići razinu

since prior to the passage of the Voting Rights Act.

kao prije nego je izglasan zakon o pravu glasanja.

A svi ipak šute.

And there is this stunning silence.

Zastupam i djecu.

I represent children.

Mnogi su moji klijenti vrlo mladi.

A lot of my clients are very young.

The United States is the only country in the world

SAD je jedina zemlja na svijetu

gdje se 13-godišnja djeca osuđuju

where we sentence 13-year-old children

na smrt u zatvoru.

to die in prison.

We have life imprisonment without parole for kids in this country.

Djeca u ovoj zemlji mogu dobiti doživotni zatvor bez mogućnosti pomilovanja.

U tijeku je nekoliko takvih parnica.

And we're actually doing some litigation.

Jedina takva zemlja na svijetu.

The only country in the world.

Zastupam i ljude osuđene na smrt.

I represent people on death row.

It's interesting, this question of the death penalty.

Zanimljivo je to pitanje smrtne kazne.

Velikim smo dijelom naučeni misliti

In many ways, we've been taught to think that the real question is:

da je pravo pitanje

zaslužuju li ljudi umrijeti zbog zločina koje su počinili?

Do people deserve to die for the crimes they've committed?

And that's a very sensible question.

I to je sasvim razumno pitanje.

No, postoji i drugi način razmišljanja

But there's another way of thinking about where we are in our identity.

o našem identitetu.

Taj drugi način

The other way of thinking about it is not:

nije zaslužuju li ljudi umrijeti zbog zločina koje su počinili,

Do people deserve to die for the crimes they commit?,

već zalužujemo li mi ubiti?

but: Do we deserve to kill?

To je fascinantno.

I mean, it's fascinating.

Smrtna kazna u SAD-u definira se pogreškom.

Death penalty in America is defined by error.

For every nine people who have been executed,

Na svakih devet smaknutih ljudi,

we've actually identified one innocent person

identificirana je jedna nevina osoba

koja je puštena i oslobođena smrtne kazne.

who's been exonerated and released from death row.

Zapanjujuć postotak pogreške --

A kind of astonishing error rate --

jedna od devet osoba je nevina.

one out of nine people, innocent.

Zaista je fascinantno.

I mean, it's fascinating.

Nikad ne bismo dopustili ljudima da lete avionom

In aviation, we would never let people fly on airplanes

if, for every nine planes that took off,

kad bi se za svakih devet aviona koji polete

one would crash.

jedan srušio.

(Laughter)

But somehow, we can insulate ourselves from this problem.

Ali nekako se uspijevamo izolirati od ovog problema.

To nije naš problem.

It's not our problem.

It's not our burden.

To nije naš teret.

It's not our struggle.

To nije naša borba.

I talk a lot about these issues.

Mnogo govorim o tim problemima.

I talk about race

Govorim o rasi i tom pitanju --

and this question of whether we deserve to kill.

zaslužujemo li ubiti.

And it's interesting,

Zanimljivo, kad poučavam svoje studente o afroameričkoj povijesti,

when I teach my students about African American history,

govorim im o ropstvu.

I tell them about slavery.

Govorim im o terorizmu,

I tell them about terrorism,

o eri koja je počela krajem 19. stoljeća

the era that began at the end of reconstruction

i trajala do 2. svjetskog rata.

that went on to World War II.

We don't really know very much about it.

Ne znamo mnogo o tome.

But for African Americans in this country,

No, za Afroamerikance u ovoj zemlji,

that was an era defined by terror.

to je razdoblje obilježeno terorom.

U mnogim su zajednicama ljudi strahovali da će biti linčovani.

In many communities, people had to worry about being lynched.

Bojali su se da će ih bombardirati.

They had to worry about being bombed.

Prijetnja terora oblikovala je njihove živote.

It was the threat of terror that shaped their lives.

Stariji ljudi mi sada prilaze

And these older people come up to me now and say,

i kažu: "G. Stevenson, vi držite govore,

"Mr. Stevenson, you give talks, you make speeches,

recite ljudima da prestanu govoriti

you tell people to stop saying we're dealing with terrorism

da se suočavamo s terorizmom po prvi put u povijesti našeg naroda

for the first time in our nation's history after 9/11."

nakon 11. rujna."

They tell me to say, "No, tell them that we grew up with that."

Kažu mi: "Ne, recite im da smo mi odrasli uz to."

Nakon te ere terorizma, naravno,

And that era of terrorism, of course, was followed by segregation

slijedila je segregacija

i desetljeća rasne potčinjenosti

and decades of racial subordination

i apartheida.

and apartheid.

A ipak, u ovoj zemlji postoji ta dinamika

And yet, we have in this country

this dynamic where we really don't like to talk about our problems.

da baš i ne volimo govoriti o svojim problemima.

Ne volimo govoriti o svojoj prošlosti.

We don't like to talk about our history.

And because of that, we really haven't understood

Zbog toga zaista nismo shvatili

what it's meant to do the things we've done historically.

pravo značenje stvari koje smo radili u prošlosti.

Neprestano se zalijećemo jedni u druge.

We're constantly running into each other.

Neprestano stvaramo napetosti i sukobe.

We're constantly creating tensions and conflicts.

Teško nam je govoriti o rasi

We have a hard time talking about race,

i mislim da je to stoga što se nismo voljni posvetiti

and I believe it's because we are unwilling to commit ourselves

to a process of truth and reconciliation.

procesu istine i pomirenja.

In South Africa,

U Južnoj Africi ljudi su shvatili

people understood that we couldn't overcome apartheid

da nismo mogli prevladati apartheid

bez posvećenosti istini i pomirenju.

without a commitment to truth and reconciliation.

U Ruandi je čak i nakon genocida postojala ta posvećenost,

In Rwanda, even after the genocide, there was this commitment.

ali u ovoj zemlji nije.

But in this country, we haven't done that.

U Njemačkoj sam održao nekoliko predavanja o smrtnoj kazni.

I was giving some lectures in Germany about the death penalty.

Bilo je fascinantno

It was fascinating,

jer je jedna od znanstvenica ustala nakon prezentacije

because one of the scholars stood up after the presentation

i rekla: "Znate da je duboko uznemirujuće

and said, "Well, you know, it's deeply troubling

čuti to o čemu govorite."

to hear what you're talking about."

Rekla je: "U Njemačkoj nema smrtne kazne.

He said, "We don't have the death penalty in Germany,

and of course, we can never have the death penalty in Germany."

Naravno, nikad nećemo ni moći imati smrtnu kaznu u Njemačkoj."

Prostorija je utihnula

And the room got very quiet,

and this woman said,

i ta je žena rekla:

"There's no way, with our history,

"S obzirom na našu povijest, nema šanse

da bismo se ikad mogli upustiti

we could ever engage in the systematic killing of human beings.

u sustavno ubijanje ljudskih bića.

Za nas bi bilo nezamislivo

It would be unconscionable for us

da svjesno i namjerno

to, in an intentional and deliberate way,

počnemo pogubljivati ljude."

set about executing people."

Razmislio sam o tome.

And I thought about that.

Kakav bi bio osjećaj

What would it feel like to be living in a world

živjeti na svijetu

where the nation-state of Germany was executing people,

gdje Njemačka pogubljuje ljude,

especially if they were disproportionately Jewish?

pogotovo ako je među njima nesrazmjerno mnogo židova?

Nisam to mogao podnijeti.

I couldn't bear it.

It would be unconscionable.

Bilo bi nepodnošljivo.

And yet, in this country,

Pa ipak, u ovoj zemlji,

u starim južnjačkim državama,

in the states of the Old South,

pogubljujemo ljude --

we execute people --

i imate 11 puta veće šanse dobiti smrtnu kaznu

where you're 11 times more likely to get the death penalty

ako je žrtva bijela nego ako je crna,

if the victim is white than if the victim is Black,

a 22 puta veće šanse

22 times more likely to get it

ako je optuženi crnac, a žrtva bijela --

if the defendant is Black and the victim is white --

i to u državama gdje su zakopana

in the very states where there are, buried in the ground,

tijela linčovanih ljudi.

the bodies of people who were lynched.

A ipak se oglušujemo.

And yet, there is this disconnect.

Mislim da stavljamo svoj identitet na kocku.

Well, I believe that our identity is at risk,

Iako nam baš i nije stalo

that when we actually don't care about these difficult things,

do ovih teških stvari,

pozitivne i prekrasne stvari

the positive and wonderful things are nonetheless implicated.

ipak su u to umiješane.

We love innovation.

Mi volimo inovacije.

We love technology. We love creativity.

Volimo tehnologiju. Volimo kreativnost.

We love entertainment.

Volimo zabavu.

No na kraju,

But ultimately,

ta su postignuća

those realities are shadowed by suffering,

zasjenjena patnjom,

abuse, degradation,

zlostavljanjem, ponižavanjem,

marginalizacijom.

marginalization.

Mislim da je postalo nužno

And for me, it becomes necessary to integrate the two,

integrirati to dvoje.

Radi se, na kraju krajeva,

because ultimately, we are talking about a need to be more hopeful,

o potrebi da se više nadamo,

da se više damo i posvetimo

more committed, more dedicated

to the basic challenges of living in a complex world.

temeljnim izazovima života u složenome svijetu.

Za mene to znači

And for me, that means

razmišljanje i razgovaranje

spending time thinking and talking about the poor, the disadvantaged,

o siromašnima, obespravljenima,

those who will never get to TED,

onima koji nikad neće uspjeti doći na TED.

No, treba razmišljati o njima na način

but thinking about them in a way that is integrated in our own lives.

koji je integriran u naše živote.

Na kraju, svi moramo vjerovati u stvari koje nismo vidjeli.

You know, ultimately, we all have to believe things we haven't seen.

We do.

Moramo. Koliko god bili racionalni, koliko se god pozivali na intelekt.

As rational as we are, as committed to intellect as we are,

innovation, creativity, development

Inovacije, kreativnost,

i razvitak ne nastaju

comes not from the ideas in our mind alone.

samo iz ideja u našem umu.

Nastaju iz ideja u našem umu

They come from the ideas in our mind

that are also fueled by some conviction in our heart.

koje ujedno potiče

neko uvjerenje u našem srcu.

And it's that mind-heart connection that I believe compels us

Vjerujem da ta povezanost uma i srca

primorava nas

ne samo da primjećujemo

to not just be attentive to all the bright and dazzly things,

sve sjajne i privlačne stvari,

već i na mračne i teške stvari.

but also the dark and difficult things.

Vaclav Havel, veliki češki vođa, govorio je o tome.

Václav Havel, the great Czech leader, talked about this.

He said, "When we were in Eastern Europe and dealing with oppression,

Rekao je: "Kad smo ovdje u istočnoj Europi bili potlačeni,

željeli smo razne stvari,

we wanted all kinds of things.

But mostly what we needed was hope,

ali ponajviše smo trebali nadu,

an orientation of the spirit,

usmjerenost duha,

a willingness to sometimes be in hopeless places

voljnost da ponekad budemo na beznadnom mjestu

i budemo svjedoci."

and be a witness."

Well, that orientation of the spirit is very much at the core of what I believe

Ta usmjerenost duha

u samoj je srži onoga u što vjerujem

da se čak i TED zajednice

even TED communities have to be engaged in.

moraju uključiti.

Ne postoji štit

There is no disconnect around technology and design

oko tehnologije i dizajna

that will allow us to be fully human

koji će nam omogućiti potpunu ljudskost

dok ne obratim pažnju na patnju,

until we pay attention to suffering,

to poverty, to exclusion, to unfairness, to injustice.

siromaštvo, isključenost, nepoštenost, nepravdu.

Upozorit ću vas

Now, I will warn you

that this kind of identity is a much more challenging identity

da je ta vrsta identiteta

mnogo zahtjevnija

than ones that don't pay attention to this.

od onih koji ne obraćaju pažnju na to.

Dotući će vas.

It will get to you.

I had the great privilege, when I was a young lawyer,

Dok sam bio mladi odvjetnik, imao sam veliku privilegiju upoznati Rosu Parks.

of meeting Rosa Parks.

Gđa Parks svako bi se toliko vratila u Montgomery

And Ms. Parks used to come back to Montgomery every now and then,

i družila se sa svoje dvije najbolje prijateljice,

and she would get together with two of her dearest friends,

starije žene,

these older women,

Johnnie Carr, koja je bila organizatorica

Johnnie Carr, who was the organizer of the Montgomery bus boycott --

bojkota autobusa u Montgomeryju --

fascinantna Afroamerikanka --

amazing African American woman --

and Virginia Durr, a white woman,

i Virginijom Durr, bjelkinjom

whose husband, Clifford Durr, represented Dr. King.

čiji je suprug, Clifford Durr, zastupao dr. Kinga.

One bi se skupile i samo razgovarale.

And these women would get together and just talk.

And every now and then Ms. Carr would call me,

Povremeno bi me nazvala gđa Carr

and she'd say, "Bryan, Ms. Parks is coming to town.

i rekla: "Bryane, gđa Parks dolazi u grad. Sastat ćemo se i razgovarati.

We're going to get together and talk. Do you want to come over and listen?"

Želiš li doći i slušati?"

A ja bih rekao: "Da, gospođo, želim."

And I'd say, "Yes, ma'am, I do."

Rekla bi: "Što ćeš raditi kad dođeš ovamo?"

She'd say, "What are you going to do when you get here?"

Odgovorio sam: "Slušat ću."

I said, "I'm going to listen."

I otišao bih onamo i samo slušao.

And I'd go over there and I would, I'd just listen.

To bi me toliko osnažilo i dalo mi energiju.

It would be so energizing and so empowering.

Jednom kad sam ih tako slušao,

And one time I was over there listening to these women talk,

nakon nekoliko sati gđa Parks okrenula se prema meni

and after a couple of hours, Ms. Parks turned to me and said,

i rekla: "No, Bryane, reci mi što je Inicijativa za jednaku pravdu.

"Bryan, tell me what the Equal Justice Initiative is.

Reci mi što želiš postići."

Tell me what you're trying to do."

Počeo sam sa svojim uobičajenim govorom.

And I began giving her my rap.

Rekao sam: "Nastojimo upozoriti na nepravdu.

"We're trying to challenge injustice.

Pokušavamo pomoći ljudima koji su nepravedno osuđeni.

We're trying to help people who have been wrongly convicted.

Želimo se suočiti s pristranošću i diskriminacijom

We're trying to confront bias and discrimination

u administraciji kaznenog prava.

in the administration of criminal justice.

Želimo ukidanje doživotnih kazni bez mogućnosti pomilovanja za djecu.

We're trying to end life without parole sentences for children.

Želimo učiniti nešto po pitanju smrtne kazne.

We're trying to do something about the death penalty.

Nastojimo smanjiti broj ljudi u zatvorima.

We're trying to reduce the prison population.

Želimo zaustaviti masovno zatvaranje."

Sve sam joj izrecitirao, a kad sam završio, pogledala me

We're trying to end mass incarceration."

I gave her my whole rap, and when I finished she looked at me

i rekla: "Mmm mmm mmm."

and she said, "Mmm mmm mmm.

Rekla je: "To će te umoriti, umoriti, umoriti."

That's going to make you tired, tired, tired."

(Smijeh)

(Laughter)

And that's when Ms. Carr leaned forward, she put her finger in my face,

Tada se gđa Carr nagnula i zaprijetila mi prstom

te rekla: "Zato moraš biti hrabar, hrabar, hrabar."

she said, "That's why you've got to be brave, brave, brave."

Zaista vjerujem da TED zajednica

And I actually believe that the TED community

needs to be more courageous.

mora biti hrabrija.

Moramo pronaći načine

We need to find ways to embrace these challenges,

prihvaćanja tih izazova,

tih problema, te patnje.

these problems, the suffering.

Naša ljudskost ovisi, na kraju,

Because ultimately, our humanity depends on everyone's humanity.

o ljudskosti svih ostalih.

I've learned very simple things doing the work that I do.

Baveći se ovim poslom naučio sam vrlo jednostavne stvari.

Posao me naučio vrlo jednostavnim stvarima.

It's just taught me very simple things.

Sada shvaćam i vjerujem

I've come to understand and to believe

da nitko od nas

that each of us is more than the worst thing we've ever done.

nije samo ono najgore što je ikad učinio.

I believe that for every person on the planet.

Vjerujem da je tako sa svakom osobom na planetu.

Mislim da, ako netko kaže laž, nije samo lažljivac.

I think if somebody tells a lie, they're not just a liar.

Mislim da, ako netko uzme nešto što mu ne pripada,

I think if somebody takes something that doesn't belong to them,

nije samo lopov.

they're not just a thief.

Mislim da, čak i ako ubiješ nekoga, nisi samo ubojica.

I think even if you kill someone, you're not just a killer.

Zbog toga postoji temeljno ljudsko dostojanstvo

And because of that, there's this basic human dignity

koje zakon mora poštovati.

that must be respected by law.

Također vjerujem

I also believe

da u mnogim dijelovima ove zemlje,

that in many parts of this country,

a svakako i u mnogim dijelovima svijeta,

and certainly in many parts of this globe,

that the opposite of poverty is not wealth.

suprotno od siromaštva nije bogatstvo.

Ne mislim to.

I don't believe that.

Zapravo mislim da je i na previše mjesta

I actually think, in too many places,

suprotno od siromaštva pravda.

the opposite of poverty is justice.

Na kraju, mislim da,

And finally, I believe

unatoč činjenici da je to tako dramatično

that, despite the fact that it is so dramatic and so beautiful

i predivno i nadahnjuje nas

and so inspiring and so stimulating,

i stimulira,

we will ultimately not be judged by our technology,

na kraju nam neće suditi naša tehnologija,

neće nam suditi naš dizajn,

we won't be judged by our design,

we won't be judged by our intellect and reason.

neće nam suditi prema našem intelektu i razumu.

Ultimately, you judge the character of a society

Karakter društva ne prosuđuje se, na kraju,

not by how they treat their rich and the powerful and the privileged,

prema tome kako se odnosti prema bogatima i moćnima i privilegiranima,

već prema tome kako se odnosi prema siromašnima,

but by how they treat the poor,

the condemned,

osuđenima, zatvorenima.

the incarcerated.

U toj povezanosti

Because it's in that nexus

zapravo počinjemo duboko shvaćati

that we actually begin to understand truly profound things

tko smo.

about who we are.

I sometimes get out of balance.

Ponekad me to izbaci iz ravnoteže. Završit ću s ovom pričom.

I'll end with this story.

Ponekad pretjeram.

I sometimes push too hard.

I do get tired, as we all do.

Umorim se, kao i svi.

Ponekad te ideje stanu ispred razmišljanja

Sometimes those ideas get ahead of our thinking

na načine koji su bitni.

in ways that are important.

Ja zastupam djecu

And I've been representing these kids

koja su osuđena na vrlo stroge kazne.

who have been sentenced to these very harsh sentences.

Odlazim u zatvor svojem klijentu koji ima 13 ili 14 g.,

And I go to the jail and I see my client, who's 13 and 14,

a određeno je da ćemu se suditi kao odraslome.

and he's been certified to stand trial as an adult.

I start thinking, well, how did that happen?

Počinjem razmišljati kako je došlo do toga.

Kako te sudac može pretvoriti

How can a judge turn you into something that you're not?

u nešto što nisi?

And the judge has certified him as an adult, but I see this kid.

Sudac ga smatra odraslim, ali ja vidim dijete.

And I was up too late one night and I started thinking,

Jedne sam noći predugo bio budan i razmišljao,

Bože, ako te sudac može pretvoriti u nešto što nisi,

well, if the judge can turn you into something you're not,

sigurno ima čarobne moći.

the judge must have magic power.

Da, Bryane, sudac ima čarobne moći.

Yeah, Bryan, the judge has some magic power.

You should ask for some of that.

I tebi bi to dobro došlo.

And because I was up too late and wasn't thinking real straight,

Budući da sam bio budan prekasno, nisam razmišljao bistre glave

i počeo sam raditi na podnesku.

I started working on a motion.

Imao sam klijenta koji je imao 14 godina i bio siromašno crno dijete.

I had a client who was 14 years old, a young, poor Black kid.

Počeo sam raditi na podnesku

And I started working on this motion, and the head of the motion was:

čiji je naslov bio: "Podnesak da se

"Motion to try my poor, 14-year-old Black male client

mojem siromašnom 14-godišnjem crnom muškom klijentu

sudi kao privilegiranom, bijelom 75-godišnjem

like a privileged, white, 75-year-old corporate executive."

izvršnom direktoru."

(Laughter)

(Pljesak)

(Applause and cheers)

U svoj sam podnesak uključio

And I put in my motion that there was prosecutorial misconduct

da je bilo nepravilnosti od strane tužitelja, policije i suda.

and police misconduct and judicial misconduct.

Bila je tu i rečenica kako u ovoj zemlji ni nema pravilnog postupanja,

There was a crazy line in there

about how there's no conduct in this county, it's all misconduct.

sve su nepravilnosti.

Sljedećeg sam se jutra probudio i mislio jesam li sanjao taj ludi podnesak

And the next morning, I woke up and I thought,

ili sam ga stvarno napisao?

now, did I dream that crazy motion, or did I actually write it?

U šoku sam otkrio da ne samo da sam ga napisao,

And to my horror, not only had I written it,

nego sam ga i poslao na sud.

but I had sent it to court.

(Pljesak)

(Applause)

Prošlo je nekoliko mjeseci

A couple months went by,

and I just had forgotten all about it.

i potpuno sam zaboravio na to.

Na kraju sam odlučio

And I finally decided,

da moram otići na sud i riješiti taj ludi slučaj.

"Gosh, I've got to go to the court and do this crazy case."

Ušao sam u auto

And I got in my car, and I was feeling really overwhelmed -- overwhelmed.

i osjećao sam se zaista preplavljeno.

Ušao sam u auto i odvezao se do sudnice.

And I got in my car and went to this courthouse.

Mislio sam kako će to biti vrlo teško i bolno.

And I was thinking, this is going to be so difficult, so painful.

Natjerao sam se da iziđem iz auta i krenem prema sudnici.

And I finally got out of the car and started walking up to the courthouse.

Dok sam se penjao stepenicama,

And as I was walking up the steps,

vidio sam starijeg crnca koji je bio domar u sudnici.

there was an older Black man who was the janitor in this courthouse.

Kad me vidio, prišao mi je

When this man saw me, he came over and said, "Who are you?"

i rekao: "Tko si ti?"

Rekao sam: "Odvjetnik sam." Rekao je: "Odvjetnik?" Odgovorio sam: "Tako je."

I said, "I'm a lawyer." He said, "You're a lawyer?" I said, "Yes, sir."

Zatim mi je prišao

And this man came over to me, and he hugged me.

i zagrlio me.

And he whispered in my ear.

Šapnuo mi je u uho:

He said, "I'm so proud of you."

"Tako sam ponosan na tebe."

Moram vam priznati

And I have to tell you, it was energizing.

da mi je to dalo energiju.

It connected deeply with something in me

Duboko se u meni povezalo

s identitetom,

about identity,

about the capacity of every person to contribute to community,

sa sposobnošću svake osobe da doprinese

zajednici, perspektivi u kojoj ima nade.

to a perspective that is hopeful.

Dakle, ušao sam u sudnicu.

Well, I went into the courtroom.

Čim sam ušao, sudac me primijetio.

And as soon as I walked in, the judge saw me coming.

Rekao je: "G. Stevenson, jeste li Vi napisali ovaj ludi podnesak?"

He said, "Mr. Stevenson, did you write this crazy motion?"

Rekao sam: "Da, jesam." Počeli smo se prepirati.

I said, "Yes, sir. I did." And we started arguing.

Ljudi su počeli ulaziti jer su bilo šokirani.

And people started coming in,

Napisao sam lude stvari.

just outraged I'd written these crazy things.

Ulazili su policajci,

And police officers were coming in

pomoćnici tužitelja i činovnici.

and assistant prosecutors and clerk workers.

Sudnica je u tren oka bila puna ljudi

Before I knew it, the courtroom was filled with people

ljutih što govorimo o rasi,

angry that we were talking about race,

što govorimo o siromaštvu,

that we were talking about poverty, talking about inequality.

što govorimo o nejednakosti.

Krajičkom oka vidio sam domara kako korača amo-tamo.

And out of the corner of my eye, I could see this janitor pacing back and forth.

Pogledavao je kroz prozor i čuo svu tu dernjavu.

He kept looking through the window and could hear all the holler.

Neprestano je koračao amo-tamo.

Na kraju je taj stari crnac sa zabrinutim izrazom lica

And finally, this older Black man with a very worried look on his face

ušao u sudnicu i sjeo iza mene,

came into the courtroom and sat behind me, almost at counsel table.

gotovo za odvjetničkim stolom.

Ten minutes later, the judge said we'd take a break.

Nakon desetak minuta, sudac je odredio pauzu.

Tijekom pauze vidio sam zamjenika šerifa koji je bio uvrijeđen

During the break, there was a deputy sheriff who was offended

što je domar ušao u sudnicu.

that the janitor had come into court.

Taj je zamjenik naglo ustao i otrčao do tog starog crnca.

The deputy jumped up and ran over to this older Black man.

Rekao je: "Jimmy, što radiš u ovoj sudnici?"

He said, "Jimmy, what are you doing in this courtroom?"

Starac je ustao,

And this older Black man stood up and looked at that deputy

pogledao zamjenika šerifa pa mene

and he looked at me,

i rekao: "Došao sam u sudnicu

and he said, "I came into this courtroom to tell this young man,

kako bih ovom mladiću rekao

da se usredotoči na cilj, da izdrži."

'Keep your eyes on the prize, hold on.'"

Došao sam na TED

I've come to TED

because I believe that many of you understand

jer vjerujem da mnogi od vas shvaćaju

da je moralni luk svemira dug,

that the moral arc of the universe is long,

ali naginje se prema pravdi.

but it bends toward justice;

Ne možemo potpuno evoluirati kao ljudska bića

that we cannot be full, evolved human beings

dok ne počnemo brinuti za ljudska prava i temeljno dostojanstvo.

until we care about human rights and basic dignity;

that all of our survival is tied to the survival of everyone;

Preživljavanje svih nas

povezano je s preživljavanjem svih ostalih.

that our visions of technology and design

Naše vizije tehnologije i dizajna

i zabave i kreativnosti

and entertainment and creativity

moraju se povezati s vizijama

have to be married with visions of humanity, compassion and justice.

ljudskosti, suosjećanja i pravde.

A najviše od svega,

And more than anything, for those of you who share that,

vama koji već tako razmišljate

I've simply come to tell you

došao sam reći

to keep your eyes on the prize, hold on.

da se usredotočite na cilj i izdržite.

Hvala vam puno.

Thank you very much.

(Applause and cheers)

(Pljesak)

Chris Anderson: Brian, so you heard and saw

Chris Anderson: Vidio si i čuo

an obvious desire by this audience, this community,

da ova publika, odnosno zajednica, ima veliku želju

to help you on your way and to do something on this issue.

pomoći ti da učiniš nešto po ovom pitanju.

Other than writing a check,

Osim doniranja novca,

što još možemo učiniti?

what could we do?

BS: Well, there are opportunities all around us.

BS: Prilike su svugdje oko nas.

If you live in the state of California, for example,

Ako, primjerice, živite u Kaliforniji,

na proljeće će biti referendum

there's a referendum coming up this spring

kojim će se pokušati

where there's going to be an effort to redirect some of the money we spend

preusmjeriti dio novca koji trošimo na politiku kažnjavanja.

on the politics of punishment.

Na primjer, ovdje u Kaliforniji

For example, here in California,

potrošit ćemo milijardu dolara

we're going to spend one billion dollars

na smrtnu kaznu u idućih pet godina --

on the death penalty in the next five years --

milijardu dolara.

one billion dollars.

And yet, 46 percent of all homicide cases don't result in arrest,

A ipak, 46% slučajeva ubojstva

ne završi uhićenjem.

56 percent of all rape cases don't result.

Isto tako i 56% slučajeva silovanja.

Tu je, dakle, prilika za promjenu.

So there's an opportunity to change that.

Taj će referendum predložiti preusmjerenje tih dolara

And this referendum would propose

having those dollars go to law enforcement and safety.

u policiju i sigurnost.

Mislim da ta prilika postoji svugdje oko nas.

And I think that opportunity exists all around us.

CA: Došlo je do velikog opadanja

CA: There's been this huge decline in crime in America

stope zločina u Americi u posljednja tri desetljeća.

over the last three decades.

Jedno od objašnjenja

And part of the narrative of that

is sometimes that it's about increased incarceration rates.

ponekad je da je to zbog povećanog broja zatvorenika.

Što biste rekli nekome tko tako misli?

What would you say to someone who believed that?

BS: Stopa nasilnih zločina

BS: Well, actually, the violent crime rate has remained relatively stable.

zapravo je relativno stabilna.

Velik porast broja zatvorenika u ovoj zemlji

The great increase in mass incarceration in this country

zapravo nije u kategoriji nasilnih zločina.

wasn't really in violent crime categories.

Tu se radi u promašenom ratu protiv droge.

It was this misguided war on drugs.

That's where the dramatic increases have come

Odatle taj dramatičan porast

in our prison population.

broja zatvorenika.

(Applause)

And we got carried away with the rhetoric of punishment.

Zanijeli smo se retorikom kažnjavanja.

And so we have "Three Strikes" laws

Tako imamo zakone o tri pogreške

that put people in prison forever

koji ljude zauvijek šalju u zatvor

for stealing a bicycle, for low-level property crimes,

zbog krađe bicikla, zbog sitnih zločina protiv vlasništva,

rather than making them give those resources back

umjesto da narede vraćanje ukradenog

to the people who they victimized.

ljudima kojima je nanesena šteta.

I believe we need to do more

Mislim da moramo više pomagati ljudima kojima je zločinom nanesena šteta,

to help people who are victimized by crime,

a ne manje.

not do less.

Mislim da naša trenutna filozofija kažnjavanja

And I think our current punishment philosophy

ne koristi nikome.

does nothing for no one.

And I think that's the orientation that we have to change.

Mislim da je to orijentacija koju moramo promijeniti.

(Pljesak)

(Applause)

CA: Bryane, pogodio si žicu.

CA: Bryan, you've struck a massive chord here.

Nadahnuo si nas.

You're an inspiring person.

Thank you so much for coming to TED. Thank you.

Hvala ti što si došao na TED. Hvala.

(Applause and cheers)

(Pljesak)

BS: Thank you. Thank you.

(Applause and cheers)