Matthieu Ricard: How to let altruism be your guide

283,099 views ・ 2015-01-20

TED


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Prevoditelj: Mislav Ante Omazić - EFZG Recezent: Ivan Stamenković
00:12
So we humans have an extraordinary potential for goodness,
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Mi ljudi, imamo nevjerojatan potencijal za dobrotu,
00:19
but also an immense power to do harm.
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ali opet i neizmjernu moć da naštetimo.
00:24
Any tool can be used to build or to destroy.
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Svaki alat se može koristiti tako da sagradi ili uništi.
00:30
That all depends on our motivation.
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Sve ovisi o našoj motivaciji.
Prema tome, zato je važno
00:33
Therefore, it is all the more important
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00:36
to foster an altruistic motivation rather than a selfish one.
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njegovati altruističku motivaciju umjesto sebične.
00:42
So now we indeed are facing many challenges in our times.
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Uistinu smo suočeni s mnogim izazovima danas.
00:49
Those could be personal challenges.
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To mogu biti osobni izazovi.
00:52
Our own mind can be our best friend or our worst enemy.
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Naš vlastiti um može biti naš najbolji prijatelj, ali i najgori neprijatelj.
00:58
There's also societal challenges:
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Tu su također socijalni izazovi:
01:01
poverty in the midst of plenty, inequalities, conflict, injustice.
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siromaštvo usred obilja, nejednakosti, sukobi, nepravda.
01:06
And then there are the new challenges, which we don't expect.
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Zatim tu su novi izazovi koje nismo očekivali.
Prije 10.000 godina, na Zemlji je bilo oko pet milijuna ljudskih bića.
01:11
Ten thousand years ago, there were about five million human beings on Earth.
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01:15
Whatever they could do,
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Što god bi napravili,
01:17
the Earth's resilience would soon heal human activities.
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Zemljina otpornost bi brzo zaliječila ljudsko djelovanje.
01:22
After the Industrial and Technological Revolutions,
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Nakon industrijskih i tehnoloških revolucija
01:25
that's not the same anymore.
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to više nije tako.
01:28
We are now the major agent of impact on our Earth.
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Mi smo sada najveći čimbenik utjecaja na našoj Zemlji.
01:32
We enter the Anthropocene, the era of human beings.
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Ulazimo u antropocen, eru ljudskih bića.
01:36
So in a way, if we were to say we need to continue this endless growth,
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Na neki način, ako kažemo kako moramo nastaviti s ovim beskonačnim rastom,
01:43
endless use of material resources,
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beskonačnim korištenjem materijalnih resursa,
01:47
it's like if this man was saying --
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to je kao kad bi ovaj čovjek rekao --
01:50
and I heard a former head of state, I won't mention who, saying --
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a čuo sam bivšeg vođu države, neću reći kojeg, kako govori --
01:55
"Five years ago, we were at the edge of the precipice.
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"Prije pet godina smo bili na rubu provalije.
01:59
Today we made a big step forward."
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Danas smo napravili veliki korak naprijed."
02:02
So this edge is the same that has been defined by scientists
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Ovaj rub je isto ono što su znanstvenici definirali
02:08
as the planetary boundaries.
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kao planetarna ograničenja.
02:11
And within those boundaries, they can carry a number of factors.
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A u okviru tih ograničenja može se nalaziti bezbroj čimbenika.
02:15
We can still prosper, humanity can still prosper for 150,000 years
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Možemo i dalje napredovati, čovječanstvo može napredovati 150.000 godina.
02:21
if we keep the same stability of climate
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ako održimo istu stabilnost klime
02:24
as in the Holocene for the last 10,000 years.
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kao u holocenu zadnjih 10.000 godina.
02:27
But this depends on choosing a voluntary simplicity,
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Ali ovo ovisi o odabiru dobrovoljne jednostavnosti,
02:33
growing qualitatively, not quantitatively.
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razvijanja kvalitativnog, a ne kvantitativnog.
02:36
So in 1900, as you can see, we were well within the limits of safety.
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Tako smo 1900., kao što vidite, bili unutar sigurnih granica.
02:42
Now, in 1950 came the great acceleration.
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1950-ih dolazi do velikog ubrzanja.
02:47
Now hold your breath, not too long, to imagine what comes next.
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Zadržite dah, ne predugo, kako biste zamislili što slijedi.
02:52
Now we have vastly overrun some of the planetary boundaries.
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Danas smo bitno prešli neka planetarna ograničenja.
02:58
Just to take biodiversity, at the current rate,
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Ako samo uzmemo bioraznolikost, trenutnom stopom,
03:02
by 2050, 30 percent of all species on Earth will have disappeared.
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do 2050., 30 posto svih vrsta na Zemlji će nestati.
03:09
Even if we keep their DNA in some fridge, that's not going to be reversible.
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Čak i ako sačuvamo njihovu DNK u nekom frižideru, to se neće promijeniti.
03:15
So here I am sitting
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Evo mene kako sjedim
03:16
in front of a 7,000-meter-high, 21,000-foot glacier in Bhutan.
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ispred glečera visokog 7.000 metara u Butanu.
03:22
At the Third Pole, 2,000 glaciers are melting fast, faster than the Arctic.
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Na Trećem polu se 2.000 glečera ubrzano topi, brže nego na Arktiku.
03:29
So what can we do in that situation?
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Što možemo napraviti u takvoj situaciji?
03:34
Well, however complex politically, economically, scientifically
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Koliko god složeno politički, ekonomski, znanstveno
03:41
the question of the environment is,
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bilo pitanje okoliša,
03:43
it simply boils down to a question of altruism versus selfishness.
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jednostavno se pitanje svodi na altruizam naspram sebičnosti.
03:50
I'm a Marxist of the Groucho tendency.
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Ja sam marksist s Groucho tendencijom.
03:54
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
03:55
Groucho Marx said, "Why should I care about future generations?
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Groucho Marx je rekao, "Zašto bih ja trebao brinuti o budućim generacijama?
03:59
What have they ever done for me?"
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Što su one učinile za mene?"
(Smijeh)
04:01
(Laughter)
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04:02
Unfortunately, I heard the billionaire Steve Forbes,
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Na nesreću, čuo sam milijardera Stevea Forbesa,
04:07
on Fox News, saying exactly the same thing, but seriously.
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na Fox vijestima, kako govori jednaku stvar, ali za stvarno.
04:10
He was told about the rise of the ocean,
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Rečeno mu je o povećanju razine oceana,
04:13
and he said, "I find it absurd to change my behavior today
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a on je rekao, "Meni je apsurdno mijenjati svoje današnje ponašanje
04:16
for something that will happen in a hundred years."
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zbog nečega što će se dogoditi za stotinu godina."
04:19
So if you don't care for future generations,
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Dakle ako vas nije briga za buduće generacije,
04:22
just go for it.
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samo naprijed.
04:25
So one of the main challenges of our times
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Dakle, jedan od najvećih izazova našeg vremena
04:28
is to reconcile three time scales:
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jeste pomiriti tri vremenske skale:
04:31
the short term of the economy,
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kratkoročnost ekonomije,
04:33
the ups and downs of the stock market, the end-of-the-year accounts;
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uspone i padove tržišta dionica, proračuna na kraju godine;
04:37
the midterm of the quality of life --
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srednjoročnost vezana uz kvalitetu života --
04:40
what is the quality every moment of our life, over 10 years and 20 years? --
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-- kakva je kvaliteta svakog trenutka našeg života, tijekom 10 i 20 godina? --
04:45
and the long term of the environment.
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i dugoročnosti okoliša.
04:49
When the environmentalists speak with economists,
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Kada ekolozi govore s ekonomistima
04:51
it's like a schizophrenic dialogue, completely incoherent.
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to sliči na šizofreni dijalog, potpuno nepovezan.
04:54
They don't speak the same language.
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Oni ne govore istim jezikom.
04:57
Now, for the last 10 years, I went around the world
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Zadnjih 10 godina, hodao sam svijetom
05:01
meeting economists, scientists, neuroscientists, environmentalists,
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srečući ekonomiste, znanstvenike, neuroznanstvenike, ekologe,
05:05
philosophers, thinkers in the Himalayas, all over the place.
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filozofe, mislioce na Himalajama, svugdje.
05:09
It seems to me, there's only one concept
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Čini mi se, kako postoji samo jedan koncept
05:13
that can reconcile those three time scales.
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koji može pomiriti te tri vremenske skale.
05:16
It is simply having more consideration for others.
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Jednostavno se mora imati više obzira prema drugima.
05:21
If you have more consideration for others, you will have a caring economics,
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Ako imate više obzira prema drugima, imati ćete ekonomiju koja brine,
05:26
where finance is at the service of society
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gdje financije služe društvu,
05:29
and not society at the service of finance.
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a ne da društvo služi financijama.
05:32
You will not play at the casino
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Nećete se igrati u kockarnici
05:34
with the resources that people have entrusted you with.
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sa sredstvima koja su vam ljudi povjerili.
05:37
If you have more consideration for others,
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Ako imate više obzira prema drugima,
05:39
you will make sure that you remedy inequality,
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potruditi ćete se ukloniti nejednakosti,
05:43
that you bring some kind of well-being within society,
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dati ćete društvu neku vrstu dobrobiti,
05:47
in education, at the workplace.
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u obrazovanju, na radnom mjestu.
05:49
Otherwise, a nation that is the most powerful and the richest
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U suprotnom, imate naciju koja je najmoćnija i najbogatija
05:52
but everyone is miserable, what's the point?
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ali su svi jadni, koja je svrha toga?
05:55
And if you have more consideration for others,
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I ako imate više obzira prema drugima,
05:57
you are not going to ransack that planet that we have
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nećete poremetiti planet koji imamo,
06:01
and at the current rate, we don't have three planets to continue that way.
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jer nemamo tri planeta da ovako nastavimo.
06:05
So the question is,
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Dakle pitanje je,
06:08
okay, altruism is the answer, it's not just a novel ideal,
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dobro, altruizam je odgovor, to nije neka novotarija,
06:12
but can it be a real, pragmatic solution?
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ali može li on biti stvarno, pragmatično rješenje?
06:15
And first of all, does it exist,
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I prije svega, postoji li uopće,
06:18
true altruism, or are we so selfish?
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istinski altruizam, ili smo mi tako sebični?
06:22
So some philosophers thought we were irredeemably selfish.
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Neki filozofi su mislili kako smo nepopravljivo sebični.
06:27
But are we really all just like rascals?
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Ali jesmo li stvarno svi bitange?
06:32
That's good news, isn't it?
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To su dobre vijesti, zar ne?
06:35
Many philosophers, like Hobbes, have said so.
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Mnogi filozofi, poput Hobsa, su tako govorili.
06:38
But not everyone looks like a rascal.
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Ali ne izgleda svatko kao bitanga.
06:41
Or is man a wolf for man?
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Ili je čovjek, čovjeku vuk?
06:44
But this guy doesn't seem too bad.
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Ali ovaj lik ne izgleda tako loše.
06:47
He's one of my friends in Tibet.
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On je jedan od mojih prijatelja na Tibetu.
06:50
He's very kind.
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Jako je drag.
06:52
So now, we love cooperation.
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Mi volimo suradnju.
06:55
There's no better joy than working together, is there?
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Nema većeg zadovoljstva od zajedničkog rada, zar ne?
07:00
And then not only humans.
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I to ne samo kod ljudi.
07:04
Then, of course, there's the struggle for life,
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Zatim, naravno, tu je borba za život,
07:06
the survival of the fittest, social Darwinism.
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preživljavanje najsposobnijih, društveni darvinizam.
(Smijeh)
07:11
But in evolution, cooperation -- though competition exists, of course --
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Ali u evoluciji, suradnja -- premda i nadmetanje postoji, naravno --
07:17
cooperation has to be much more creative to go to increased levels of complexity.
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suradnja mora biti puno kreativnija kako bi se prešlo na višu razinu složenosti.
07:22
We are super-cooperators and we should even go further.
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Mi smo super-suradnici i trebali bi još više napredovati.
07:27
So now, on top of that, the quality of human relationships.
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Pored svega, kvaliteta ljudskih odnosa.
07:33
The OECD did a survey among 10 factors, including income, everything.
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OECD je obavio istraživanje između 10 čimbenika, uključujući prihod, sve.
07:37
The first one that people said, that's the main thing for my happiness,
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Prvo za što su ljudi rekli da je njvažnije za njihovu sreću
07:41
is quality of social relationships.
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jest kvaliteta društvenih odnosa.
07:44
Not only in humans.
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Ne samo ljudskih.
07:47
And look at those great-grandmothers.
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I pogledajte samo te prabake.
07:50
So now, this idea that if we go deep within,
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E sad, ta ideja da ako se zagledamo u dubinu,
07:56
we are irredeemably selfish,
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mi smo nepopravljivo sebični,
07:58
this is armchair science.
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to je pseudoznanost.
08:01
There is not a single sociological study,
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Ne postoji niti jedno sociološko istraživanje,
08:03
psychological study, that's ever shown that.
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psihološko istraživanje, koje je to ikada pokazalo.
08:06
Rather, the opposite.
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Upravo suprotno.
08:08
My friend, Daniel Batson, spent a whole life
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Moj prijatelj Daniel Batson, proveo je čitav život
08:12
putting people in the lab in very complex situations.
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stavljajući ljude u laboratorije u vrlo složene situacije.
08:15
And of course we are sometimes selfish, and some people more than others.
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Naravno da smo ponekad sebični, a neki ljudi više od drugih.
08:19
But he found that systematically, no matter what,
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Ali on je otkrio da sustavno, bez obzira na sve,
08:22
there's a significant number of people
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postoji značajan broj ljudi
08:25
who do behave altruistically, no matter what.
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koji se ponašaju altruistično, bez obzira na sve.
08:28
If you see someone deeply wounded, great suffering,
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Ako vidite nekoga duboko ranjenog, kako jako pati,
08:31
you might just help out of empathic distress --
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možda ćete pomoći samo iz empatične uznemirenosti --
08:34
you can't stand it, so it's better to help than to keep on looking at that person.
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-- ne možete to podnijeti, pa je bolje pomoći nego i dalje gledati tu osobu.
08:38
So we tested all that, and in the end, he said, clearly people can be altruistic.
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Provjerili smo sve, i na kraju, rekao je, jasno je da ljudi mogu biti altruistični.
08:44
So that's good news.
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To su dobre vijesti.
08:46
And even further, we should look at the banality of goodness.
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Štoviše, trebalo bi pogledati banalnost dobrote.
08:51
Now look at here.
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Pogledajmo samo ovdje.
08:53
When we come out, we aren't going to say, "That's so nice.
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Kada izađemo iz dvorane, nećemo reći: "To je tako lijepo.
08:56
There was no fistfight while this mob was thinking about altruism."
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Nije bilo tučnjave dok je ova rulja razmišljala o altruizmu."
09:00
No, that's expected, isn't it?
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Ne, to je očekivano, zar ne?
09:03
If there was a fistfight, we would speak of that for months.
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Kada bi bilo tučnjave, pričali bismo o tome mjesecima.
09:06
So the banality of goodness is something that doesn't attract your attention,
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Banalnost dobrote je nešto što ne privlači vašu pažnju,
09:09
but it exists.
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ali postoji.
09:11
Now, look at this.
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Sada pogledajte ovo.
09:21
So some psychologists said,
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Neki psiholozi su rekli,
09:24
when I tell them I run 140 humanitarian projects in the Himalayas
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kada im pričam kako vodim 140 humanitarnih projekata na Himalajima
09:27
that give me so much joy,
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koji mi pružaju toliko sreće,
09:29
they said, "Oh, I see, you work for the warm glow.
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oni kažu: "Da, vidim, radiš to zbog osjećaja topline.
09:32
That is not altruistic. You just feel good."
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To nije altruizam. Samo se osjećaš dobro."
09:35
You think this guy, when he jumped in front of the train,
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Mislite kako je ovaj tip, kada je skočio ispred vlaka,
09:38
he thought, "I'm going to feel so good when this is over?"
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pomislio: "Osjećati ću se dobro kada se ovo završi?"
09:41
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
09:43
But that's not the end of it.
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Ali to nije kraj.
09:45
They say, well, but when you interviewed him, he said,
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Kažu, ali da je rekao, kada ste ga intervjuirali:
09:48
"I had no choice. I had to jump, of course."
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"Nisam imao izbora. Naravno da sam morao skočiti."
09:51
He has no choice. Automatic behavior. It's neither selfish nor altruistic.
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Nije imao izbora. Automatizirano ponašanje. Nije ni sebično ni altruistično.
09:55
No choice?
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Bez izbora?
09:56
Well of course, this guy's not going to think for half an hour,
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Pa naravno, ovaj lik neće razmišljati pola sata:
09:59
"Should I give my hand? Not give my hand?"
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"Trebam li pružiti ruku? Ne trebam li pružiti ruku?"
10:01
He does it. There is a choice, but it's obvious, it's immediate.
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On to napravi. Postoji izbor, ali je očigledno, u momentu.
10:05
And then, also, there he had a choice.
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I također, on je imao izbor.
10:08
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
10:10
There are people who had choice, like Pastor André Trocmé and his wife,
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Postoje ljudi koji su birali, kao što je pastor André Trocmé i njegova žena,
10:14
and the whole village of Le Chambon-sur-Lignon in France.
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i cijelo selo Le Chambon-sur-Lignon u Francuskoj.
10:17
For the whole Second World War, they saved 3,500 Jews,
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Tijekom cijelog II. svjetskog rata spasili su 3.500 Židova,
10:21
gave them shelter, brought them to Switzerland,
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pružili su im utočište, vratili ih u Švicarsku,
10:23
against all odds, at the risk of their lives and those of their family.
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suprotno svim očekivanjima, riskirajući svoje živote i živote svoje obitelji.
10:27
So altruism does exist.
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Dakle altruizam postoji.
10:29
So what is altruism?
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Onda što je altruizam?
10:31
It is the wish: May others be happy and find the cause of happiness.
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To je želja: neka drugi budu sretni i pronađu razlog za sreću.
10:35
Now, empathy is the affective resonance or cognitive resonance that tells you,
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Empatija je afektivna rezonancija ili kognitivna rezonancija koja vam govori:
10:40
this person is joyful, this person suffers.
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ova osoba je sretna, ova osoba pati.
10:42
But empathy alone is not sufficient.
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Ali sama empatija nije dovoljna.
10:46
If you keep on being confronted with suffering,
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Ako se kontinuirano suočavate s patnjom,
10:48
you might have empathic distress, burnout,
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možete imati empatijski slom, izgaranje,
10:51
so you need the greater sphere of loving-kindness.
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pa vam treba veći djelokrug ljubaznosti.
10:55
With Tania Singer at the Max Planck Institute of Leipzig,
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S Taniom Singer s instituta Max Planck u Leipzigu,
10:58
we showed that the brain networks for empathy and loving-kindness are different.
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pokazali smo kako su moždane mreže za empatiju i ljubaznost različite.
11:04
Now, that's all well done,
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To je sve dobro napravljeno,
11:06
so we got that from evolution, from maternal care, parental love,
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pa to dobijamo evolucijom, majčinskom njegom, roditeljskom ljubavlju,
11:11
but we need to extend that.
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ali moramo to proširiti.
11:13
It can be extended even to other species.
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To se može proširiti čak i na druge vrste.
11:16
Now, if we want a more altruistic society, we need two things:
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Ako želimo altruističnije društvo, potrebne su nam dvije stvari:
11:21
individual change and societal change.
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pojedinačna promjena i društvena promjena.
11:24
So is individual change possible?
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Je li pojedinačna promjena moguća?
11:27
Two thousand years of contemplative study said yes, it is.
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Dvije tisuće godina iscrpnih istraživanja kažu da, moguća je.
11:30
Now, 15 years of collaboration with neuroscience and epigenetics
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15 godina suradnje s neurologijom i epigenetikom
11:33
said yes, our brains change when you train in altruism.
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reklo je da; naši mozgovi se mijenjaju kada vježbamo altruizam.
11:38
So I spent 120 hours in an MRI machine.
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Tako sam proveo 120 sati u MRI uređaju.
11:42
This is the first time I went after two and a half hours.
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Ovo je kada sam išao prvi put, poslije dva i pol sata.
11:45
And then the result has been published in many scientific papers.
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Zatim su rezultati objavljeni u mnogim znanstvenim časopisima.
11:49
It shows without ambiguity that there is structural change
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Pokazuje kako nedvosmisleno dolazi do strukturne
11:52
and functional change in the brain when you train the altruistic love.
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i funkcionalne promjene u mozgu kada vježbate altruističnu ljubav.
11:56
Just to give you an idea:
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Kako bi vam bilo jasnije:
11:58
this is the meditator at rest on the left,
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ovo je meditator u mirovanju s lijeve strane,
12:01
meditator in compassion meditation, you see all the activity,
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meditator u suosjećajnoj meditaciji, vidite svu aktivnost,
12:04
and then the control group at rest, nothing happened,
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i zatim kontrolna grupa u mirovanju, ništa se nije dogodilo,
12:07
in meditation, nothing happened.
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u meditaciji, ništa se nije dogodilo.
12:09
They have not been trained.
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Nisu vježbali.
12:11
So do you need 50,000 hours of meditation? No, you don't.
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Je li potrebno 50.000 sati meditacije? Ne, nije.
12:15
Four weeks, 20 minutes a day, of caring, mindfulness meditation
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Četiri tjedna, 20 minuta dnevno brižne, svjesne meditacije
12:19
already brings a structural change in the brain compared to a control group.
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već donosi strukturnu promjenu mozga u usporedbi s kontrolnom grupom.
12:26
That's only 20 minutes a day for four weeks.
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To je samo 20 minuta dnevno tijekom četiri tjedna.
12:29
Even with preschoolers -- Richard Davidson did that in Madison.
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Čak i kod predškolaraca -- Richard Davidson je to napravio u Madisonu.
12:33
An eight-week program: gratitude, loving- kindness, cooperation, mindful breathing.
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Osmotjedni program: zahvalnost, ljubaznost, suradnja, svjesno disanje.
12:39
You would say, "Oh, they're just preschoolers."
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Reći ćete: "To su samo predškolarci."
12:41
Look after eight weeks,
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Pogledajte nakon osam tjedana,
12:43
the pro-social behavior, that's the blue line.
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pro-socijalno ponašanje, to je plava linija.
12:45
And then comes the ultimate scientific test, the stickers test.
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I zatim dolazi glavni znanstveni test, test s naljepnicama.
12:51
Before, you determine for each child who is their best friend in the class,
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Najprije odredite za svako dijete tko je njihov najbolji prijatelj u razredu,
12:55
their least favorite child, an unknown child, and the sick child,
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njihovo najneomiljenije dijete, nepoznato dijete, i bolesno dijete,
12:59
and they have to give stickers away.
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i morali su im davati naljepnice.
13:02
So before the intervention, they give most of it to their best friend.
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Prije intervencije, daju najveći dio svom najboljem prijatelju.
13:06
Four, five years old, 20 minutes three times a week.
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Djeca od četiri, pet godina, 20 minuta, tri puta tjedno.
13:09
After the intervention, no more discrimination:
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Nakon intervencije, nema više diskriminacije:
ista količina naljepnica njihovom najboljem prijatelju
13:13
the same amount of stickers to their best friend and the least favorite child.
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i najneomiljenijem djetetu.
13:17
That's something we should do in all the schools in the world.
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To je nešto što bismo trebali napraviti u svim školama na svijetu.
13:20
Now where do we go from there?
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Gdje dalje?
13:22
(Applause)
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(pljesak)
13:26
When the Dalai Lama heard that, he told Richard Davidson,
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Kada je Dalai Lama to čuo, rekao je Richardu Davidsonu,
13:29
"You go to 10 schools, 100 schools, the U.N., the whole world."
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"Odi u 10 škola, 100 škola, UN-u, cijelom svijetu."
13:32
So now where do we go from there?
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Gdje dalje?
13:34
Individual change is possible.
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Individualna promjena je moguća.
13:36
Now do we have to wait for an altruistic gene to be in the human race?
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Trebamo li čekati da se pojavi altruistični gen u ljudskom rodu?
13:41
That will take 50,000 years, too much for the environment.
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Za to je potrebno 50.000 godina, previše za naš okoliš.
13:45
Fortunately, there is the evolution of culture.
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Na sreću, postoji evolucija kulture.
13:49
Cultures, as specialists have shown, change faster than genes.
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Kulture se, kako su eksperti pokazali, mijenjaju brže od gena.
13:55
That's the good news.
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To su dobre vijesti.
13:56
Look, attitude towards war has dramatically changed over the years.
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Vidite, stavovi prema ratu su se dramatično promijenili proteklih godina,
14:00
So now individual change and cultural change mutually fashion each other,
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Individualna promjena i promjene u kulturi se međusobno oblikuju.
14:05
and yes, we can achieve a more altruistic society.
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i tako, možemo postići altruističnije društvo.
14:08
So where do we go from there?
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Gdje dalje?
14:09
Myself, I will go back to the East.
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Ja ću otići nazad na Istok.
14:12
Now we treat 100,000 patients a year in our projects.
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Godišnje liječimo 100.000 pacijenata u našim projektima.
14:15
We have 25,000 kids in school, four percent overhead.
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Imamo 25.000 djece u školi, četiri posto dodatnih troškova.
14:19
Some people say, "Well, your stuff works in practice,
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Neki će reći: "Tvoje stvari djeluju u praksi,
14:21
but does it work in theory?"
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ali funkcioniraju li u teoriji?"
14:23
There's always positive deviance.
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Uvijek postoji pozitivno odstupanje.
14:27
So I will also go back to my hermitage
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Također ću se vratiti svom isposništvu
14:29
to find the inner resources to better serve others.
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kako bih pronašao unutrašnje resurse za bolje služenje drugima.
14:32
But on the more global level, what can we do?
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Ali na globalnijoj razini, što možemo napraviti?
14:36
We need three things.
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Potrebne su nam tri stvari.
14:37
Enhancing cooperation:
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Unapređenje suradnje:
14:40
Cooperative learning in the school instead of competitive learning,
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kooperativno učenje u školi umjesto kompetitivnog učenja.
14:44
Unconditional cooperation within corporations --
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Bezuslovna suradnja unutar poduzeća --
14:47
there can be some competition between corporations, but not within.
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može biti natjecanja među poduzećima, ali ne i unutar njih.
14:52
We need sustainable harmony. I love this term.
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Potrebna nam je održiva harmonija. Volim taj izraz.
14:55
Not sustainable growth anymore.
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Ne više održivi razvoj.
14:57
Sustainable harmony means now we will reduce inequality.
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Održiva harmonija znači kako ćemo smanjiti nejednakost.
15:01
In the future, we do more with less,
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Ubuduće, radimo više s manje,
15:05
and we continue to grow qualitatively, not quantitatively.
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i nastavljamo se razvijati kvalitativno, ne kvantitativno.
15:10
We need caring economics.
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Potrebna nam je brižna ekonomija.
15:12
The Homo economicus cannot deal with poverty in the midst of plenty,
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Homo economicus se ne može baviti siromaštvom usred obilja,
15:18
cannot deal with the problem of the common goods
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ne može se baviti problemom zajedničkih dobara
15:20
of the atmosphere, of the oceans.
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atmosfere, oceana.
Potrebna nam je brižna ekonomija.
15:23
We need a caring economics.
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15:24
If you say economics should be compassionate,
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Ako kažete kako ekonomija treba biti suosjećajna,
15:26
they say, "That's not our job."
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oni kažu: "To nije naš posao."
15:28
But if you say they don't care, that looks bad.
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Ali ako kažete kako im nije stalo, to djeluje loše.
15:31
We need local commitment, global responsibility.
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Treba nam lokalna posvećenost, globalna odgovornost.
15:34
We need to extend altruism to the other 1.6 million species.
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Trebamo proširiti altruizam na drugih 1,6 milijuna vrsta.
15:40
Sentient beings are co-citizens in this world.
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Osjećajna bića su sugrađani ovog svijeta.
15:43
and we need to dare altruism.
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I trebamo se usuditi na altruizam.
15:46
So, long live the altruistic revolution.
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Neka nam dugo živi altruistična revolucija.
15:50
Viva la revolución de altruismo.
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Živjela revolucija altruizma.
15:55
(Applause)
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(pljesak)
16:00
Thank you.
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Hvala.
16:02
(Applause)
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(pljesak)
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