Alex Tabarrok on how ideas trump crises

65,665 views ・ 2009-04-27

TED


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Prevoditelj: Ivan Voras Recezent: Irena Krčelić
00:12
The first half of the 20th century
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Prva polovica dvadesetog stoljeća
00:16
was an absolute disaster in human affairs,
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je bila katastrofalna za ljudsku civilizaciju,
00:19
a cataclysm.
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prava kataklizma.
00:21
We had the First World War,
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Imali smo Prvi svjetski rat,
00:24
the Great Depression,
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pa Veliku depresiju,
00:26
the Second World War
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Drugi svjetski rat,
00:28
and the rise of the communist nations.
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i uspon komunističkih država.
00:31
And each one of these forces
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Svaki od ovih događaja
00:33
split the world, tore the world apart,
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je podijelio svijet, otuđio ga,
00:35
divided the world.
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i razdvojio.
00:38
And they threw up walls --
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Ljudi su podigli zidove,
00:40
political walls, trade walls,
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političke zidove, trgovinske zidove,
00:42
transportation walls,
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transportacijske zidove,
00:44
communication walls, iron curtains --
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komunikacijske zidove, željezne zavjese,
00:47
which divided peoples and nations.
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koje su dijelile ljude i nacije.
00:51
It was only in the second half of the 20th century
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Tek smo u drugoj polovici dvadesetog stoljeća
00:55
that we slowly began to pull ourselves
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polako počeli izlaziti
00:58
out of this abyss.
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iz ovog ponora.
01:01
Trade walls began to come tumbling down.
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Trgovinski zidovi su počeli padati.
01:04
Here are some data on tariffs:
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Evo nekoliko podataka o carinama:
01:06
starting at 40 percent, coming down to less than 5 percent.
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počele su sa 40 posto i spustile se na manje od 5 posto.
01:09
We globalized the world. And what does that mean?
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Globalizirali smo svijet. Što to znači?
01:12
It means that we extended cooperation
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Znači da smo proširili suradnju
01:15
across national boundaries;
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preko granica između nacija.
01:17
we made the world more cooperative.
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Učinili smo svijet združenijim.
01:20
Transportation walls came tumbling down.
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Transportacijski zidovi su pali.
01:24
You know in 1950 the typical ship carried
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U 1950. godini tipični brod je nosio
01:27
5,000 to 10,000 tons worth of goods.
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5,000 do 10,000 tona dobara.
01:31
Today a container ship can carry 150,000 tons;
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Danas nosač kontejnera može prenijeti 150,000 tona.
01:35
it can be manned with a smaller crew;
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Može imati manju posadu
01:37
and unloaded faster than ever before.
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i istovartiti se brže nego ikada prije.
01:40
Communication walls, I don't have to tell you -- the Internet --
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Komunikacijski zidovi - ne moram vam pričati o Internetu,
01:43
have come tumbling down.
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su pali.
01:45
And of course the iron curtains,
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I naravno željezne zavjese -
01:47
political walls have come tumbling down.
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politički zidovi su pali.
01:51
Now all of this has been tremendous for the world.
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Sve ovo je imalo golem utjecaj na svijet.
01:55
Trade has increased.
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Trgovina je porasla.
01:57
Here is just a little bit of data.
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Evo malo podataka.
01:59
In 1990, exports from China to the United States:
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U 1990. godini izvoz Kine u SAD bio je
02:01
15 billion dollars.
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15 milijardi dolara.
02:03
By 2007: over 300 billion dollars.
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Do 2007. preko 300 milijardi dolara.
02:07
And perhaps most remarkably,
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I možda najznačajnije,
02:10
at the beginning of the 21st century,
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početkom dvadeset i prvog stoljeća,
02:12
really for the first time in modern history,
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zapravo, prvi puta u modernoj povijesti,
02:16
growth extended to almost all parts of the world.
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rast se proširio na gotovo cijeli svijet.
02:20
So China, I've already mentioned,
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Kina, već sam ju spomenuo,
02:22
beginning around 1978, around the time of the death of Mao,
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počevši u 1978. godini negdje oko smrti Maoa --
02:25
growth -- ten percent a year.
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rast: deset posto godišnje.
02:27
Year after year after year,
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Godinom za godinu,
02:29
absolutely incredible.
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posve nevjerojatno!
02:31
Never before in human history
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Nikada prije u ljudskoj povijesti
02:35
have so many people been raised out of
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nije se toliko ljudi podiglo iz siromaštva
02:37
such great poverty as happened in China.
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kao što se to dogodilo u Kini.
02:40
China is the world's greatest anti-poverty program
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Kina je, sama po sebi, najveći svjetski program borbe protiv siromaštva
02:43
over the last three decades.
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tijekom poslijednjih trideset godina.
02:45
India, starting a little bit later,
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Indija je krenula malo kasnije,
02:47
but in 1990, begetting tremendous growth.
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ali je 1990. godine započela ogroman rast.
02:50
Incomes at that time
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Primanja u to vrijeme:
02:52
less than $1,000 per year.
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manje od 1,000 dolara godišnje.
02:54
And over the next 18 years
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Tijekom slijedećih 18 godina
02:56
have almost tripled.
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su se gotovo utrostručila.
02:58
Growth of six percent a year. Absolutely incredible.
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To je rast od šest posto godišnje. Apsolutno nevjerojatno.
03:01
Now Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa --
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Afrika,
03:04
Sub-Saharan Africa
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Podsaharsha Afrika,
03:06
has been the area of the world
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bila je dio svijeta
03:08
most resistant to growth.
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u kojem se rast najmanje primio.
03:11
And we can see the tragedy of Africa
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Možemo vidjeti tragediju Afrike
03:14
in the first few bars here.
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u prvih nekoliko stupaca ovdje.
03:16
Growth was negative.
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Rast je bio negativan.
03:18
People were actually getting poorer than their parents,
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Ljudi su zapravo bili siromašniji od svojih roditelja.
03:21
and sometimes even poorer than their grandparents had been.
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I ponekad čak siromašniji od svojih djedova.
03:24
But at the end of the 20th century,
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Ali pri kraju dvadesetog stoljeća,
03:26
the beginning of the 21st century,
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početkom dvadeset i prvog stoljeća,
03:28
we saw growth in Africa.
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vidjeli smo rast u Africi.
03:31
And I think, as you'll see, there's reasons for optimism,
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I mislim da, kao što ćete vidjeti, ima razloga optimizmu.
03:33
because I believe that the best is yet to come.
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Jer mislim da će najbolje tek doći.
03:36
Now why.
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Zašto?
03:38
On the cutting edge today
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Na rubu napredka danas
03:40
it's new ideas which are driving growth.
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upravo nove ideje potiču rast.
03:42
And by that I mean it's
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Pod time mislim na
03:44
products for which the research and development costs
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proizvode za koje su troškovi istraživanja i razvoja
03:47
are really high, and the manufacturing costs are low.
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iznimno visoki, no proizvodni troškovi su niski.
03:50
More than ever before it is these types of ideas
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Više nego ikada prije, ovakve ideje
03:52
which are driving growth on the cutting edge.
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potiču rast na samom rubu tehnološkog razvoja.
03:55
Now ideas have this amazing property.
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Ideje imaju jedno zapanjujuće svojstvo.
03:57
Thomas Jefferson, I think, really expressed this quite well.
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Mislim da je Thomas Jefferson ovo vrlo dobro izrazio.
04:00
He said, "He who receives an idea from me
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Rekao je: "Onaj tko od mene dobije ideju,
04:04
receives instruction himself, without lessening mine.
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prima znanje bez da smanjuje moje.
04:08
As he who lights his candle at mine
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Kao što onaj tko upali svijeću kraj mene
04:11
receives light without darkening me."
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prima svijetlo bez da mene zamračuje."
04:14
Or to put it slightly differently:
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Ili, postavivši to malo drugačije,
04:16
one apple feeds one man,
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jabuka nahrani čovjeka,
04:18
but an idea can feed the world.
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ali ideja može nahraniti svijet.
04:21
Now this is not new. This is practically not new to TEDsters.
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Ovo nije novo. Zapravo, ništa novo za sudionike TED-a.
04:24
This is practically the model of TED.
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To je praktički model rada TED-a.
04:26
But what is new is that the greater function of ideas
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Novost je u tome što viša funkcija koju ideje imaju
04:30
is going to drive growth even more than ever before.
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može poticati rast više nego ikada prije.
04:35
This provides a reason why
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To je razlog zašto su
04:37
trade and globalization
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trgovina i globalizacija
04:39
are even more important, more powerful than ever before,
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važnije i snažnije nego ikada prije,
04:42
and are going to increase growth more than ever before.
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i povećati će rast više nego ikada.
04:45
And to explain why this is so, I have a question.
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Kao objašnjenje zašto je to tako, postaviti ću pitanje.
04:48
Suppose that there are two diseases:
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Zamislimo dvije bolesti.
04:51
one of them is rare, the other one is common,
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Jedna rijetka, a druga česta.
04:53
but if they are not treated they are equally severe.
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Ako se ne liječe, obje su jednako teške.
04:56
If you had to choose, which would you rather have:
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Kada biste morali birati, koju biste radije imali?
04:59
the common disease or the rare disease?
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Čestu ili rijetku bolest?
05:03
Common, the common -- I think that's absolutely right,
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Čestu, čestu. I to je posve u redu.
05:05
and why? Because there are more drugs to treat common diseases
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Zašto? Jer postoji više lijekova za liječenje čestih bolesti
05:09
than there are to treat rare diseases.
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nego za liječenje rijetkih.
05:12
The reason for this is incentives.
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Razlog tome su vanjski poticaji.
05:14
It costs about the same to produce a new drug
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Jednako je skupo proizvesti novi lijek
05:17
whether that drug treats 1,000 people,
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bez obzira da li on liječi 1,000 ljudi,
05:20
100,000 people, or a million people.
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100,000 osoba ili milijun.
05:23
But the revenues are much greater if the drug treats a million people.
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Ali dobit je puno veća ako je lijek potreban milijunu ljudi.
05:26
So the incentives are much larger
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Tako da su i poticaji mnogo veći
05:29
to produce drugs which treat more people.
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za proizvodnju lijekova koji liječe veći broj ljudi.
05:33
To put this differently: larger markets save lives.
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Drugačije rečeno, veća tržišta spašavaju živote.
05:37
In this case misery truly does love company.
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U ovom slučaju nevolja stvarno traži društvo.
05:41
Now think about the following:
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Zamislite sada slijedeće:
05:43
if China and India were as rich as the United States is today,
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kada bi Kina i Indija bila bogate kao SAD danas,
05:47
the market for cancer drugs would be eight times larger than it is now.
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tržište lijekova za rak bi bilo osam puta veće nego što je sada.
05:53
Now we are not there yet, but it is happening.
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Još nismo došli do te faze, ali polako se ostvaruje.
05:55
As other countries become richer
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Kako ostale države postaju bogatije
05:58
the demand for these pharmaceuticals
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tako će se potražnja za farmaceutskim preparatima
06:00
is going to increase tremendously.
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silno povećati.
06:02
And that means an increase incentive to do research and development,
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A to znači povećanje poticaja za provedbu istraživanja i razvoja,
06:05
which benefits everyone in the world.
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što je na kraju bolje za sve.
06:08
Larger markets increase the incentive
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Veća tržišta povećavaju poticaje
06:10
to produce all kinds of ideas,
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za izvedbom svih vrsta ideja.
06:12
whether it's software, whether it's a computer chip,
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Bez obzira radi li se o softveru, računalnom čipu,
06:14
whether it's a new design.
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ili novom dizajnu.
06:16
For the Hollywood people in the audience,
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Za one u publici koji dolaze iz Hollywooda,
06:18
this even explains why action movies
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to čak objašnjava zašto akcijski filmovi
06:20
have larger budgets than comedies:
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imaju veće budžete od komedija.
06:22
it's because action movies translate easier
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To je zato što je lakše prevesti akcijske filmove
06:25
into other languages and other cultures,
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na druge jezike i druge kulture.
06:27
so the market for those movies is larger.
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Pa je tržište tih filmova veće.
06:29
People are willing to invest more,
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Ljudi su voljni više uložiti,
06:31
and the budgets are larger.
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i budžeti su veći.
06:33
Alright. Well if larger markets increase the incentive
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U redu. Pa, ako veća tržišta povećavaju poticaje
06:36
to produce new ideas,
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za ostvarivanjem novih ideja,
06:38
how do we maximize that incentive?
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kako možemo maksimizirati te poticaje?
06:41
It's by having one world market, by globalizing the world.
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Tako da napravimo jedno, zajedničko svjetsko tržište, da globaliziramo svijet.
06:46
The way I like to put this is:
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Volim to ovako reći:
06:48
one idea. Ideas are meant to be shared,
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jedna ideja, a ideje su zato da se dijele,
06:51
so one idea can serve one world, one market.
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jedna ideja može poslužiti jednom svijetu, jednom tržištu.
06:56
One idea, one world, one market.
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Jedna ideja, jedan svijet, jedno tržište.
06:59
Well how else can we create new ideas?
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Kako bismo inače stvarali nove ideje?
07:02
That's one reason.
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Evo jednog načina.
07:04
Globalize trade.
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Globalizirajte, trgujte.
07:06
How else can we create new ideas?
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Na koji još način bismo stvarali nove ideje?
07:08
Well, more idea creators.
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Uz više ljudi koji ideje stvaraju.
07:10
Now idea creators, they come from all walks of life.
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Ljudi koji stvaraju ideje dolaze iz svih područja.
07:13
Artists and innovators -- many of the people you've seen on this stage.
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Umjetnici i inovatori, puno ljudi koje ste vidjeli na ovoj pozornici.
07:16
I'm going to focus on scientists and engineers
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Usredotočiti ću se na znanstvenike i inženjere
07:19
because I have some data on that, and I'm a data person.
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jer imam podatke o njima, a ja volim podatke.
07:22
Now, today, less than one-tenth of one percent
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Danas su manje od 1/10 jednog postotka populacije
07:27
of the world's population are scientists and engineers.
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na svijetu znanstvenici i inženjeri.
07:30
(Laughter)
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(smijeh)
07:32
The United States has been an idea leader.
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Sjedinjene američke države su bile vodeće u idejama.
07:35
A large fraction of those people are in the United States.
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Veliki postotak ovih ljudi boravi u SAD-u.
07:38
But the U.S. is losing its idea leadership.
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Ali SAD gubi vodstvo u idejama.
07:43
And for that I am very grateful.
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I jako sam zahvalan zbog toga.
07:45
That is a good thing.
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To je dobra stvar.
07:48
It is fortunate that we are becoming less of an idea leader
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Sreća je što gubimo vodstvo
07:51
because for too long the United States,
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jer su predugo SAD
07:53
and a handful of other developed countries,
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i mali broj drugih razvijenih država
07:55
have shouldered the entire burden
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nosili cijeli teret
07:57
of research and development.
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istraživanja i razvoja.
07:59
But consider the following:
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Ali razmislite o slijedećem:
08:02
if the world as a whole were as wealthy as the United States is now
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kad bi cijeli svijet bio bogat kao što su SAD danas
08:05
there would be more than five times as many scientists and engineers
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bilo bi više nego pet puta više znanstvenika i inženjera
08:09
contributing to ideas which benefit everyone,
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koji pridonose idejama što koriste svima,
08:13
which are shared by everyone.
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dijeleći ih uzajamno.
08:15
I think of the great Indian mathematician, Ramanujan.
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Mislim na velikog Indijskog matematičara, Ramanujana.
08:19
How many Ramanujans are there in India today
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Koliko Ramanujana živi danas u Indiji
08:23
toiling in the fields, barely able to feed themselves,
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radeći na poljima i jedva preživljavajući,
08:26
when they could be feeding the world?
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kada bi mogli nahraniti idejama cijeli svijet?
08:29
Now we're not there yet.
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Još nismo stigli do toga.
08:31
But it is going to happen in this century.
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Ali će se dogoditi već u ovom stoljeću.
08:34
The real tragedy of the last century is this:
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Ovo je prava tragedija prošlog stoljeća:
08:40
if you think about the world's population
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razmišljate li o populaciji svijeta
08:44
as a giant computer, a massively parallel processor,
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kao o golemom računalu, procesoru sa puno paralelnih jezgri,
08:47
then the great tragedy has been
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onda je velika tragedija
08:49
that billions of our processors have been off line.
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što su većina naših jezgri bile ugašene.
08:54
But in this century China is coming on line.
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Ali u ovom stoljeću se uključuje Kina.
08:57
India is coming on line.
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Indija se uključuje.
08:59
Africa is coming on line.
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Afrika se uključuje.
09:01
We will see an Einstein in Africa in this century.
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Vidjeti ćemo Einsteina iz Afrike u ovom stoljeću.
09:06
Here is just some data. This is China.
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Evo još malo podataka, za Kinu.
09:08
1996: less than one million
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Do 1996.-te, bilo je manje od jednog milijuna
09:10
new university students in China per year;
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novih studenata u sveučilištima u Kini godišnje.
09:13
2006: over five million.
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U 2006. godini - preko pet milijuna.
09:17
Now think what this means.
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Razmislite što to znači.
09:19
This means we all benefit when another country gets rich.
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Svima će biti bolje kad se još jedna zemlja obogati.
09:23
We should not fear other countries becoming wealthy.
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Ne bismo se smjeli bojati toga da druge zemlje postaju bogate.
09:27
That is something that we should embrace --
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To je nešto što trebamo prigrliti --
09:30
a wealthy China, a wealthy India, a wealthy Africa.
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bogata Kina, bogata Indija, bogata Aftika.
09:33
We need a greater demand for ideas --
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Trebamo veću potražnju za idejama,
09:35
those larger markets I was talking about earlier --
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to su ona velika tržišta o kojima sam pričao,
09:38
and a greater supply of ideas for the world.
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i veći izvor ideja za svijet.
09:42
Now you can see some of the reasons why I'm optimistic.
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Sada vidite neke od razloga zašto sam optimističan.
09:46
Globalization is increasing the demand
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Globalizacija povećava potražnju
09:48
for ideas, the incentive to create new ideas.
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za idejama, poticaje za stvaranje novih ideja.
09:51
Investments in education are increasing the supply of new ideas.
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Ulaganja u edukaciju povećaju njihov dotok.
09:57
In fact if you look at world history
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Zapravo, pogledate li povijest svijeta
09:59
you can see some reasons for optimism.
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vidite razloge za optimizam.
10:01
From about the beginnings of humanity
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Od početaka čovječanstva
10:03
to 1500: zero economic growth, nothing.
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do godine 1500. nema ekonomskog rasta, ništa.
10:06
1500 to 1800: maybe a little bit of economic growth,
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Od 1500. do 1800. godine tek samo malo ekonomskog rasta.
10:10
but less in a century
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Ali manje u sto godina
10:12
than you expect to see in a year today.
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nego što bismo očekivali danas u jednoj.
10:16
1900s: maybe one percent.
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U 1900.-tima možda jedan posto.
10:18
Twentieth century: a little bit over two percent.
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Dvadeseto stoljeće malo više od dva posto.
10:20
Twenty-first century could easily be 3.3, even higher percent.
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Dvadeset i prvo stoljeće bi lako moglo ostvariti 3.3 ili više posto.
10:24
Even at that rate,
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Čak i na toj razini rasta
10:26
by 2100 average GDP per capita
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do 2100. godine će BDP po glavi
10:29
in the world will be $200,000.
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u prosijeku u cijelom svijetu biti 200,000 dolara.
10:32
That's not U.S. GDP per capita, which will be over a million,
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To nije BDP u SAD-u. On će premašiti milijun.
10:35
but world GDP per capita -- $200,000.
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Ali svjetski BTP po glavi - 200,000 dolara.
10:38
That's not that far.
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To nije tako daleko.
10:40
We won't make it.
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Mi to nećemo doživjeti.
10:42
But some of our grandchildren probably will.
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Ali naši unuci vjerojatno hoće.
10:44
And I should say,
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I rekao bih
10:46
I think this is a rather modest prediction.
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da mislim da je to sasvim skromno predviđanje.
10:49
In Kurzweilian terms this is gloomy.
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U terminima Kurzweila, to je pomalo depresivno.
10:54
In Kurzweilian terms I'm like the Eeyore of economic growth.
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U terminima Kurzweila, ja sam kao Eeyore ekonomskog rasta [n.p. pesimističan]
10:58
(Laughter)
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(smijeh)
11:01
Alright what about problems?
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U redu. Što s problemima?
11:03
What about a great depression?
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Što ako nas pogodi velika depresija?
11:06
Well let's take a look. Let's take a look at the Great Depression.
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Pogledajmo. Da vidimo što se zbivalo tijekom Velike depresije.
11:10
Here is GDP per capita
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Ovdje je BDP po glavi
11:12
from 1900 to 1929.
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Od 1900. do 1929. godine.
11:15
Now let's imagine that you were an economist in 1929,
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Zamislimo da ste ekonomist i tijekom 1929. godine
11:19
trying to forecast future growth for the United States,
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pokušavate predvidjeti budući rast SAD-a,
11:22
not knowing that the economy was about to go off a cliff,
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ne znajući da će ekonomija uskoro propasti.
11:26
not knowing that we were about to enter
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Bez znanja da ćemo ući
11:29
the greatest economic disaster certainly in the 20th century.
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u najveću ekonomsku katastrofu dvadesetog stoljeća.
11:33
What would you have predicted, not knowing this?
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Što biste predvidjeli, bez da to znate?
11:35
If you had based your prediction, your forecast
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Ako ste bazirali predviđanja i svoju prognozu
11:37
on 1900 to 1929
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na godinama 1900. do 1929.
11:39
you'd have predicted something like this.
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onda biste predvidjeli ovako nešto.
11:41
If you'd been a little more optimistic --
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Ako biste bili malo optimističniji,
11:43
say, based upon the Roaring Twenties -- you'd have said this.
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recimo, temeljeno na moćnim 20-tima, rekli biste ovako.
11:46
So what actually happened?
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A što se u stvari dogodilo?
11:48
We went off a cliff but we recovered.
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Strmoglavili smo se, ali smo se i oporavili.
11:52
In fact in the second half of the 20th century
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Zapravo, u drugoj polovici dvadesetog stoljeća
11:55
growth was even higher than anything you would have predicted
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rast je bio veći od bilo čega što ste mogli predvidjeti
11:59
based upon the first half of the 20th century.
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na temelju prve polovice dvadesetog stoljeća.
12:02
So growth can wash away
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Rast može isprati
12:04
even what appears to be a great depression.
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sve što se dogodi u velikoj depresiji.
12:07
Alright. What else?
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U redu. Što još?
12:09
Oil. Oil. This was a big topic.
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Nafta, nafta. To je bila velika tema.
12:12
When I was writing up my notes oil was $140 per barrel.
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Kada sam pisao bilješke, cijena nafte iznosila je 140 dolara po barelu.
12:19
So people were asking a question. They were saying,
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I ljudi su postavljali pitanja. Govorili su,
12:22
"Is China drinking our milkshake?"
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"Konzumira li Kina naš luksuz?"
12:26
(Laughter)
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(smijeh)
12:27
And there is some truth to this,
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I tu ima neke istine
12:30
in the sense that we have something of a finite resource,
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u smislu da imamo ograničene resurse.
12:34
and increased growth is going to push up demand for that.
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A povećani rast će povećati potražnju za njima.
12:37
But I think I don't have to tell this audience
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Ali mislim da ne moram govoriti ovoj publici
12:39
that a higher price of oil is not necessarily a bad thing.
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kako viša cijena nafte nije nužno loša stvar.
12:44
Moreover, as everyone knows,
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Štoviše, kao što svi znaju,
12:47
look -- it's energy, not oil, which counts.
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zapravo je bitna energija, a ne nafta sama po sebi.
12:50
And higher oil prices mean
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Više cijene nafte znače
12:52
a greater incentive to invest in energy R&D.
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veći poticaj za ulaganje u istraživanje i razvoj energije.
12:55
You can see this in the data.
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Jasno to možete vidjeti u ovim podacima.
12:57
As oil prices go up, energy patents go up.
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Kako se povećava cijena nafte, broj patenata za energiju raste.
13:00
The world is much better equipped
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Svijet je sada puno bolje opremljen
13:02
to overcome an increase in the price of oil
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da prevlada povećanja u cijeni nafte
13:04
today, than ever in the past,
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nego što je bio ranije,
13:06
because of what I'm talking about.
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zbog svega ovog što sam ispričao.
13:08
One idea, one world, one market.
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Jedna ideja, jedan svijet, jedno tržište.
13:12
So I'm optimistic
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Tako da sam optimističan
13:15
so long as we hew to these two ideas:
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sve dok uvažavamo ove dvije ideje:
13:17
to keep globalizing world markets,
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da nastavimo globalizirati svjetska tržišta,
13:19
keep extending cooperation across national boundaries,
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nastavljamo povećavati suradnju preko granica država,
13:23
and keep investing in education.
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i nastavimo ulagati u obrazovanje.
13:26
Now the United States has a particularly important role
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SAD danas ima posebno važnu ulogu
13:29
to play in this:
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u svemu ovome --
13:32
to keep our education system globalized,
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da održimo svoj obrazovni sustav globaliziranim
13:35
to keep our education system open to students from all over the world,
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da držimo vlastiti obrazovni sustav otvorenim za studente iz cijeloga svijeta --
13:39
because our education system
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jer je naš obrazovni sustav
13:41
is the candle
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poput svijeće
13:43
that other students come to light their own candles.
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kojoj prilaze strani studenti da upale svoje.
13:48
Now remember here what Jefferson said.
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Sjetite se sada što je rekao Jefferson.
13:51
Jefferson said, "When they come
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Rekao je: "Kada dođu
13:54
and light their candles at ours,
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i upale svoje svijeće kod naše,
13:57
they gain light, and we are not darkened."
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oni dobivaju svjetlo, a mi nismo ništa manje osvjetljeni."
14:02
But Jefferson wasn't quite right, was he?
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Ali Jefferson nije bio sasvim u pravu, je li?
14:05
Because the truth is,
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Jer istina je,
14:08
when they light their candles at ours,
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da kada upale svoje svijeće do naše,
14:12
there is twice as much light available for everyone.
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svima postaje dostupno duplo više svjetlosti.
14:16
So my view is: Be optimistic.
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Tako da je moj pogled optimističan.
14:20
Spread the ideas. Spread the light.
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Širite ideje. Širite svjetlo.
14:23
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
14:25
(Applause)
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(pljesak)
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