Josette Sheeran: Ending hunger now

Prevoditelj: Vedrana Vučković Jakšić Recezent: Tilen Pigac - EFZG

Well after many years working in trade and economics,

Nakon mnogo godina bavljenja trgovinom i ekonomijom,

four years ago,

prije četiri godine

I found myself working on the front lines

našla sam se u situaciji da radim

of human vulnerability.

na prvim linijama ljudske ranjivosti.

And I found myself in the places

Našla sam se na mjestima

where people are fighting every day to survive

na kojima se ljudi svakodnevno bore da bi preživjeli

and can't even obtain a meal.

te ne mogu dobiti čak ni obrok.

This red cup comes from Rwanda

Ova crvena šalica je iz Ruande

from a child named Fabian.

od dječaka po imenu Fabian.

And I carry this around

Nosim je naokolo

as a symbol, really, of the challenge

kao simbol, uistinu, izazova

and also the hope.

kao i nade.

Because one cup of food a day

Jer jedna šalica hrane dnevno

changes Fabian's life completely.

u potpunosti mijenja Fabianov život.

But what I'd like to talk about today

No ono o čemu danas želim govoriti

is the fact that this morning,

je činjenica da se jutros

about a billion people on Earth --

oko milijardu ljudi na Zemlji --

or one out of every seven --

ili svaka sedma osoba --

woke up and didn't even know

probudila, a nije ni znala

how to fill this cup.

kako napuniti ovu šalicu.

One out of every seven people.

Svaka sedma osoba.

First, I'll ask you: Why should you care?

Prvo, pitat ću vas zašto bi vam trebalo biti stalo?

Why should we care?

Zašto bi nam trebalo biti stalo?

For most people,

Za većinu,

if they think about hunger,

ako razmišljaju o gladi

they don't have to go far back on their own family history --

ne moraju otići daleko u vlastitoj obiteljskoj povijesti --

maybe in their own lives, or their parents' lives,

možda u svoje živote, živote roditelja

or their grandparents' lives --

ili svojih djedova --

to remember an experience of hunger.

da bi se prisjetili iskustva gladi.

I rarely find an audience

Rijetko nađem publiku

where people can go back very far without that experience.

u kojoj se ljudi mogu vratiti daleko u prošlost bez tog iskustva.

Some are driven by compassion,

Neke vodi sažaljenje,

feel it's perhaps

osjećaju da je to

one of the fundamental acts of humanity.

jedan od temeljnih djela čovječanstva.

As Gandhi said,

Kao što je Gandhi rekao:

"To a hungry man, a piece of bread is the face of God."

"Gladnome je čovjeku komad kruha lice božje".

Others worry about peace and security,

Ostali se brinu o miru i sigurnosti,

stability in the world.

stabilnosti u svijetu.

We saw the food riots in 2008,

Svjedočili smo neredima zbog hrane 2008.

after what I call the silent tsunami of hunger

nakon što je tihi tsunami gladi, kako ga ja zovem,

swept the globe when food prices doubled overnight.

poharao svijet nakon udvostručenja cijena hrane preko noći.

The destabilizing effects of hunger

Destabilizirajuće posljedice gladi

are known throughout human history.

poznate su u cijeloj ljudskoj povijesti.

One of the most fundamental acts of civilization

Jedno od najtemeljnijih djela civilizacije

is to ensure people can get enough food.

osigurati je da ljudi imaju dovoljno hrane.

Others think about Malthusian nightmares.

Ostali razmišljaju o maltuzijanskim noćnim morama.

Will we be able to feed a population

Hoćemo li moći prehraniti stanovništvo

that will be nine billion in just a few decades?

koje će dosegnuti devet milijardi za nekoliko desetljeća?

This is not a negotiable thing, hunger.

Glad nije nešto o čemu možemo pregovarati.

People have to eat.

Ljudi moraju jesti.

There's going to be a lot of people.

Ljudi će biti mnogo.

This is jobs and opportunity all the way up and down the value chain.

To znači pomicanje poslova i prilika gore i dolje na lancu vrijednosti.

But I actually came to this issue

No do ovoga sam problema došla

in a different way.

na drugi način.

This is a picture of me and my three children.

Ovo je fotografija mene i mojih troje djece.

In 1987, I was a new mother

1987. bila sam mlada majka

with my first child

s prvim djetetom

and was holding her and feeding her

držala sam ju i hranila

when an image very similar to this

kada se vrlo slična slika

came on the television.

pojavila na televiziji.

And this was yet another famine in Ethiopia.

Radilo se o još jednoj pošasti gladi u Etiopiji.

One two years earlier

Takva pošast dvije godine ranije

had killed more than a million people.

usmrtila je više od milijun ljudi.

But it never struck me as it did that moment,

No to me nikad nije pogodilo kao u tom trenutku

because on that image

jer je na toj slici

was a woman trying to nurse her baby,

bila žena koja je pokušavala dojiti dijete,

and she had no milk to nurse.

ali nije imala mlijeka za dojenje.

And the baby's cry really penetrated me,

Plač tog djeteta duboko me pogodio

as a mother.

kao majku.

And I thought, there's nothing more haunting

Pomislila sam, ne postoji ništa bolnije

than the cry of a child

od plača djeteta

that cannot be returned with food --

na koji je nemoguće odgovoriti hranom --

the most fundamental expectation of every human being.

najtemeljnijom potrebom svakog ljudskog bića.

And it was at that moment

Upravo u tom trenutku

that I just was filled

bila sam puna

with the challenge and the outrage

izazova i bijesa

that actually we know how to fix this problem.

jer zapravo znamo kako popraviti ovaj problem.

This isn't one of those rare diseases

Ne radi se o nekoj rijetkoj bolesti

that we don't have the solution for.

za koju nema lijeka.

We know how to fix hunger.

Znamo kako popraviti glad.

A hundred years ago, we didn't.

Prije 100 godina nismo znali.

We actually have the technology and systems.

Sada imamo potrebnu tehnologiju i načine.

And I was just struck

Bila sam pogođena

that this is out of place.

da je to neprimjereno.

At our time in history, these images are out of place.

U naše doba, te su slike neprimjerene.

Well guess what?

Znate što?

This is last week in northern Kenya.

Ovo je prošli tjedan u Sjevernoj Keniji.

Yet again,

Još jednom,

the face of starvation

stanje izgladnjelosti

at large scale

u velikoj mjeri

with more than nine million people

s više od devet milijuna ljudi

wondering if they can make it to the next day.

koji se pitaju hoće li doživjeti sljedeći dan.

In fact,

Zapravo,

what we know now

danas znamo

is that every 10 seconds

da svakih 10 sekundi

we lose a child to hunger.

izgubimo jedno dijete zbog gladi,

This is more

što je više

than HIV/AIDS,

nego od HIV-a/AIDS-a,

malaria and tuberculosis combined.

malarije i tuberkuloze zajedno.

And we know that the issue

A znamo i da problem

is not just production of food.

nije samo proizvodnja hrane.

One of my mentors in life

Jedan od mojih mentora

was Norman Borlaug, my hero.

bio je Norman Borlaug, moj junak.

But today I'm going to talk about access to food,

No danas ću govoriti o pristupu hrani

because actually this year and last year

jer ove i prošle godine

and during the 2008 food crisis,

te tijekom krize zbog manjka hrane 2008.,

there was enough food on Earth

na Zemlji je bilo dovoljno hrane

for everyone to have 2,700 kilocalories.

da bi svatko imao 2.700 kilokalorija.

So why is it

Zašto onda

that we have a billion people

imamo milijardu ljudi

who can't find food?

koji ne mogu pronaći hranu?

And I also want to talk about

Također želim govoriti

what I call our new burden of knowledge.

o onome što zovem novim teretom znanja.

In 2008,

2008.

Lancet compiled all the research

Lancet je sakupio sva istraživanja

and put forward the compelling evidence

i iznio neoboriv dokaz

that if a child in its first thousand days --

da ako dijete u svojih prvih tisuću dana --

from conception to two years old --

od začeća do dvije godine starosti --

does not have adequate nutrition,

ne dobiva primjerenu ishranu,

the damage is irreversible.

šteta je nepovratna.

Their brains and bodies will be stunted.

Njihovi će mozgovi i tijela zakržljati.

And here you see a brain scan of two children --

Ovdje vidite snimku mozga dvoje djece --

one who had adequate nutrition,

jednoga koje je dobivalo prikladnu ishranu,

another, neglected

a drugo zapostavljeno

and who was deeply malnourished.

te ozbiljno pothranjeno.

And we can see brain volumes

Vidimo da su obujmi mozga

up to 40 percent less

do 40 posto manji

in these children.

kod takve djece.

And in this slide

Na ovom slajdu

you see the neurons and the synapses of the brain

vidite da neuroni i sinapse u mozgu

don't form.

ne nastaju.

And what we know now is this has huge impact on economies,

Danas znamo da to ima golemi utjecaj na gospodarstva,

which I'll talk about later.

o čemu ću govoriti kasnije.

But also the earning potential of these children

No također potencijal zarade ove djece

is cut in half in their lifetime

u životu upola je manji

due to the stunting

zbog sprečavanja razvoja

that happens in early years.

u ranoj dobi.

So this burden of knowledge drives me.

Taj me teret znanja stoga pokreće.

Because actually we know how to fix it

Jer mi zapravo znamo kako to ispraviti

very simply.

veoma lako.

And yet, in many places,

A ipak, na mnogim mjestima

a third of the children,

trećina djece

by the time they're three

prije nego navrše tri godine

already are facing a life of hardship

već se suočavaju sa životom punim bijede

due to this.

zbog toga.

I'd like to talk about

Želim govoriti o

some of the things I've seen on the front lines of hunger,

nekim stvarima koje sam vidjela o gladi iz prve ruke

some of the things I've learned

nekim stvarima koje sam naučila

in bringing my economic and trade knowledge

prenoseći znanje s područja ekonomije i trgovine

and my experience in the private sector.

te svoje iskustvo u privatni sektor.

I'd like to talk about where the gap of knowledge is.

Željela bih govoriti o tome gdje se nalazi rupa u znanju.

Well first, I'd like to talk about the oldest nutritional method on Earth,

Prvo bih željela govoriti o najstarijoj metodi ishrane na svijetu,

breastfeeding.

dojenju.

You may be surprised to know

Možda ćete se iznenaditi kad čujete

that a child could be saved every 22 seconds

da bi se svake 22 sekunde moglo spasiti jedno dijete

if there was breastfeeding in the first six months of life.

da je bilo dojeno u prvih šest mjeseci života.

But in Niger, for example,

No u Nigeru, na primjer,

less than seven percent of the children

manje od sedam posto djece

are breastfed

dojeno je

for the first six months of life, exclusively.

u prvih šest mjeseci života, bez druge hrane.

In Mauritania, less than three percent.

U Mauretaniji, manje od tri posto.

This is something that can be transformed with knowledge.

Radi se o nečemu što je moguće promijeniti znanjem.

This message, this word, can come out

Ova poruka, ova riječ, može se pročuti

that this is not an old-fashioned way of doing business;

da se ne radi o staromodnoj metodi ishrane;

it's a brilliant way

već izvanrednom načinu

of saving your child's life.

spašavanja života vašeg djeteta.

And so today we focus on not just passing out food,

Danas se ne usredotočujemo samo na dijeljenje hrane,

but making sure the mothers have enough enrichment,

već se brinemo da majke obogate svoju prehranu

and teaching them about breastfeeding.

i učimo ih o dojenju.

The second thing I'd like to talk about:

Druga stvar o kojoj želim govoriti:

If you were living in a remote village somewhere,

da živite u nekom zabačenom selu,

your child was limp,

dijete vam je šepavo,

and you were in a drought, or you were in floods,

i zatekla vas je suša ili poplava

or you were in a situation where there wasn't adequate diversity of diet,

ili da ste u situaciji da se ne hranite dovoljno raznoliko,

what would you do?

što biste učinili?

Do you think you could go to the store

Mislite da biste mogli otići do trgovine

and get a choice of power bars, like we can,

gdje se pruža izbor energetskih pločica, kao mi,

and pick the right one to match?

i odabrati onu koja vam odgovara?

Well I find parents out on the front lines

Tamo na prvim linijama pronalazim roditelje

very aware their children are going down for the count.

svjesne da njihova djeca posustaju.

And I go to those shops, if there are any,

I odlazim u trgovine, ako uopće postoje,

or out to the fields to see what they can get,

ili na polja da vidim što mogu dobiti,

and they cannot obtain the nutrition.

no oni ne mogu dobiti hranu.

Even if they know what they need to do, it's not available.

Čak i ako znaju što trebaju učiniti, to im nije dostupno.

And I'm very excited about this,

Veoma sam uzbuđena zbog toga

because one thing we're working on

jer jedna od stvari na kojima radimo

is transforming the technologies

je pretvaranje tehnologija

that are very available

koje su veoma dostupne

in the food industry

u prehrambenoj industriji

to be available for traditional crops.

da bi bile dostupne za klasične usjeve.

And this is made with chickpeas, dried milk

Ovo se radi sa slanutkom, mlijekom u prahu

and a host of vitamins,

i mnoštvom vitamina,

matched to exactly what the brain needs.

u točno onolikom omjeru koliki je potreban mozgu.

It costs 17 cents for us to produce this

Nas stoji samo 17 centi da bismo proizveli

as, what I call, food for humanity.

kako je ja zovem, hranu za čovječanstvo.

We did this with food technologists

Osmislili smo to s prehrambenim tehnolozima

in India and Pakistan --

u Indiji i Pakistanu --

really about three of them.

s oko troje njih.

But this is transforming

No to mijenja

99 percent of the kids who get this.

99 posto djece koja je dobiju.

One package, 17 cents a day --

Jedan paket, 17 centi dnevno --

their malnutrition is overcome.

i njihova pothranjenost je pobijeđena.

So I am convinced

Stoga sam uvjerena

that if we can unlock the technologies

da ako učinimo dostupnima tehnologije

that are commonplace in the richer world

uobičajene u imućnijem svijetu

to be able to transform foods.

da ćemo uspjeti promijeniti prehranu.

And this is climate-proof.

Ovo je otporno na razne klimatske uvjete.

It doesn't need to be refrigerated, it doesn't need water,

Ne mora biti u hladnjaku, ne treba vodu,

which is often lacking.

koje često nema dovoljno.

And these types of technologies,

Ove vrste tehnologije,

I see, have the potential

vidim da imaju potencijal

to transform the face of hunger and nutrition, malnutrition

da promijene stanje gladi i pothranjenosti

out on the front lines.

na prvim linijama.

The next thing I want to talk about is school feeding.

Sljedeća stvar o kojoj želim govoriti je školska prehrana.

Eighty percent of the people in the world

80 posto ljudi na svijetu

have no food safety net.

nema mrežu sigurnosti hrane.

When disaster strikes --

Kada se dogodi katastrofa --

the economy gets blown, people lose a job,

gospodarstvo je uništeno, ljudi izgube posao,

floods, war, conflict,

poplave, ratovi, sukobi,

bad governance, all of those things --

loše upravljanje, sve te stvari --

there is nothing to fall back on.

nema ničega čemu se možemo vratiti.

And usually the institutions --

Obično institucije --

churches, temples, other things --

crkve, hramovi, ostalo --

do not have the resources

nemaju resurse

to provide a safety net.

da bi osigurali mrežu socijalne zaštite.

What we have found working with the World Bank

Ono što smo saznali surađujući sa Svjetskom bankom

is that the poor man's safety net,

je da je mreža zaštite siromašnih

the best investment, is school feeding.

odnosno najbolja investicija, školska prehrana.

And if you fill the cup

Ako napunite šalicu

with local agriculture from small farmers,

lokalnim proizvodima malih poljoprivrednika

you have a transformative effect.

dobit ćete posljedice koje sve mijenjaju.

Many kids in the world can't go to school

Na svijetu brojna djeca ne mogu ići u školu

because they have to go beg and find a meal.

jer moraju prositi i pronalaziti hranu.

But when that food is there,

No kada imaju hranu,

it's transformative.

radi se o preobrazbi.

It costs less than 25 cents a day to change a kid's life.

Potrebno je manje od 25 centi dnevno za promjenu života jednog djeteta.

But what is most amazing is the effect on girls.

No najviše zadivljuje utjecaj na djevojčice.

In countries where girls don't go to school

U zemljama u kojima djevojke ne idu u školu

and you offer a meal to girls in school,

a u školama se djevojkama nude obroci,

we see enrollment rates

vidimo da stope upisa iznose

about 50 percent girls and boys.

oko 50 posto djevojčica i dječaka.

We see a transformation in attendance by girls.

Vidimo da se pohađanje škola mijenja što se tiče djevojčica.

And there was no argument,

I nije bilo pobune

because it's incentive.

jer radi se o poticaju.

Families need the help.

Obitelji trebaju pomoć.

And we find that if we keep girls in school later,

Otkrili smo da ako dulje zadržimo djevojčice

they'll stay in school until they're 16,

ostat će u školi do 16. godine

and won't get married if there's food in school.

i neće se udati ako u školi dobiju hranu.

Or if they get an extra ration of food

Ili ako dobiju dodatnu porciju hrane

at the end of the week --

na kraju tjedna --

it costs about 50 cents --

što stoji oko 50 centi --

will keep a girl in school,

djevojka će ostati u školi

and they'll give birth to a healthier child,

i rodit će zdravije dijete

because the malnutrition is sent

jer pothanjenost se prenosi

generation to generation.

iz generacije u generaciju.

We know that there's boom and bust cycles of hunger.

Znamo da postoje ciklusi obilja, a zatim nestašice hrane.

We know this.

Znamo to.

Right now on the Horn of Africa, we've been through this before.

Upravo sada na rogu Afrike, već smo to prošli.

So is this a hopeless cause?

Radi li se o beznadnoj borbi?

Absolutely not.

Nikako.

I'd like to talk about what I call our warehouses for hope.

Željela bih govoriti o onome što zovem skladištima nade.

Cameroon, northern Cameroon, boom and bust cycles of hunger

Kamerun, sjeverni Kamerun, ciklusi obilja i nestašice

every year for decades.

svake godine već desetljećima.

Food aid coming in every year

Pomoć u hrani stiže svake godine

when people are starving during the lean seasons.

kada ljudi umiru od gladi tijekom sezona nestašice.

Well two years ago,

Prije dvije godine

we decided, let's transform the model of fighting hunger,

odlučili smo da ćemo promijeniti model borbe protiv gladi

and instead of giving out the food aid, we put it into food banks.

i umjesto dijeljenja hrane stavili smo ju u banke hrane.

And we said, listen,

Rekli smo, slušajte,

during the lean season, take the food out.

za vrijeme nestašice uzmite si hranu.

You manage, the village manages these warehouses.

Vi, odnosno selo, upravljate skladištima.

And during harvest, put it back with interest,

Tijekom žetve, vratite ju s kamatama,

food interest.

kamatama u hrani.

So add in five percent, 10 percent more food.

Dodajte pet posto, 10 posto više hrane.

For the past two years,

Posljednje dvije godine

500 of these villages where these are

500 sela u kojima se nalaze banke

have not needed any food aid -- they're self-sufficient.

nije trebalo pomoć u hrani -- sami proizvode dovoljno.

And the food banks are growing.

Banke hrane rastu.

And they're starting school feeding programs for their children

Također pokreću programe školske prehrane za djecu

by the people in the village.

u čemu pomažu ljudi u selu.

But they've never had the ability

No nikada nisu znali

to build even the basic infrastructure

izgraditi niti najosnovniju infrastrukturu

or the resources.

ili resurse.

I love this idea that came from the village level:

Jako mi se sviđa ideja nastala na razini sela:

three keys to unlock that warehouse.

tri ključa za otključavanje skladišta.

Food is gold there.

Hrana je ondje blago.

And simple ideas can transform the face,

A jednostavne ideje mogu promijeniti izgled

not of small areas,

ne malih područja,

of big areas of the world.

nego velikih svjetskih područja.

I'd like to talk about what I call digital food.

Želim govoriti o nečemu što zovem digitalnom hranom.

Technology is transforming

Tehnologija mijenja

the face of food vulnerability

ranjivost zbog hrane

in places where you see classic famine.

na mjestima gdje susrećemo klasičnu glad.

Amartya Sen won his Nobel Prize

Amartya Sen dobio je Nobelovu nagradu

for saying, "Guess what, famines happen in the presence of food

zbog izjave: "Pogodite što, glad se javlja kada ima dovoljno hrane

because people have no ability to buy it."

jer ljudi nemaju mogućnost kupiti ju".

We certainly saw that in 2008.

U to smo se uvjerili 2008.

We're seeing that now in the Horn of Africa

A isto se događa i sada na rogu Afrike

where food prices are up 240 percent in some areas

gdje su cijene hrane porasle za 240 posto u nekim područjima

over last year.

tijekom prošle godine.

Food can be there and people can't buy it.

Hrana može biti ondje, no ljudi ju ne mogu kupiti.

Well this picture -- I was in Hebron in a small shop, this shop,

Ova slika -- bila sam u Hebronu u ovoj maloj trgovini,

where instead of bringing in food,

gdje umjesto donošenja hrane

we provide digital food, a card.

dajemo digitalnu hranu, karticu.

It says "bon appetit" in Arabic.

Na njoj piše "dobar tek" na arapskom.

And the women can go in and swipe

Žene mogu ući i provući je

and get nine food items.

te dobiti devet prehrambenih proizvoda.

They have to be nutritious,

Moraju biti hranjivi

and they have to be locally produced.

i moraju biti proizvedeni lokalno.

And what's happened in the past year alone

Samo u prethodnoj godini se dogodilo

is the dairy industry --

da je mliječna industrija --

where this card's used for milk and yogurt

u kojoj se kartica koristi za mlijeko i jogurt

and eggs and hummus --

te jaja i namaz od slanutka --

the dairy industry has gone up 30 percent.

mliječna je industrija porasla za 30 posto.

The shopkeepers are hiring more people.

Trgovci zapošljavaju više ljudi.

It is a win-win-win situation

Radi se o dobitnoj situaciji za sve

that starts the food economy moving.

koja počinje pokretati prehrambenu industriju.

We now deliver food in over 30 countries

Sada dostavljamo hranu u preko 30 zemalja

over cell phones,

preko mobitela

transforming even the presence of refugees in countries,

mijenjajući čak i prisutnost izbjeglica u zemljama

and other ways.

te na druge načine.

Perhaps most exciting to me

Možda mi je najuzbudljivija

is an idea that Bill Gates, Howard Buffett and others

ideja koju Bill Gates, Howard Buffett i ostali

have supported boldly,

odvažno podržavaju,

which is to ask the question:

a to je da postavimo pitanje:

What if, instead of looking at the hungry as victims --

Što ako, umjesto da smatramo gladne žrtvama --

and most of them are small farmers

a većina njih su mali poljoprivednici

who cannot raise enough food or sell food

koji ne mogu proizvesti ili prodati dovoljno hrane

to even support their own families --

da bi prehranili vlastite obitelji --

what if we view them as the solution,

što ako ih počnemo smatrati rješenjem,

as the value chain to fight hunger?

lancem vrijednosti za suzbijanje gladi?

What if from the women in Africa

Što ako od žena u Africi

who cannot sell any food --

koje ne mogu prodati nimalo hrane --

there's no roads, there's no warehouses,

nema cesta, nema skladišta,

there's not even a tarp to pick the food up with --

nemaju čak ni čime pokupiti hranu --

what if we give the enabling environment

što ako osiguramo okruženje koje će im omogućiti

for them to provide the food

da osiguraju hranu

to feed the hungry children elsewhere?

kojom će nahraniti gladnu djecu drugdje?

And Purchasing for Progress today is in 21 countries.

Program Kupnjom do napretka danas postoji u 21 zemlji.

And guess what?

Pogodite što?

In virtually every case,

U gotovo svim slučajevima

when poor farmers are given a guaranteed market --

kad siromašni poljoprivrednici dobiju sigurno tržište --

if you say, "We will buy 300 metric tons of this.

ako kažete: "Kupit ćemo 300 tona toga.

We'll pick it up. We'll make sure it's stored properly." --

Preuzet ćemo to i pobrinuti se da je ispravno uskladišteno." --

their yields have gone up two-, three-, fourfold

njihovi se prinosi povećavaju dva, tri, četiri puta

and they figure it out,

a oni će se snaći

because it's the first guaranteed opportunity they've had in their life.

jer je to prva sigurna prilika koju su dobili u životu.

And we're seeing people transform their lives.

Svjedoci smo da ljudi mijenjaju svoje živote.

Today, food aid, our food aid --

Danas, pomoć u hrani, naša pomoć --

huge engine --

golemi pokretač --

80 percent of it is bought in the developing world.

80 posto nje kupuje se u svijetu u razvoju.

Total transformation

Potpuna promjena

that can actually transform the very lives that need the food.

koja zapravo može promijeniti živote kojima je potrebna hrana.

Now you'd ask, can this be done at scale?

Sada se pitate može li se to postići i šire?

These are great ideas, village-level ideas.

Radi se o velikim idejama na razini sela.

Well I'd like to talk about Brazil,

Želim govoriti o Brazilu

because I've taken a journey to Brazil over the past couple of years,

jer bila sam u Brazilu tijekom posljednjih nekoliko godina

when I read that Brazil was defeating hunger

kada sam pročitala da Brazil pobjeđuje glad

faster than any nation on Earth right now.

brže nego bilo koja zemlja na svijetu trenutno.

And what I've found is,

Ono što sam otkrila je

rather than investing their money in food subsidies

da su umjesto ulaganja u subvencije za hranu

and other things,

i ostale stvari

they invested in a school feeding program.

uložili u program školske prehane.

And they require that a third of that food

Oni zahtijevaju da trećina te hrane

come from the smallest farmers who would have no opportunity.

dolazi od najmanjih poljoprivrednika koji inače nemaju mogućnosti.

And they're doing this at huge scale

Rade to u velikom opsegu

after President Lula declared his goal

nakon što je predsjednik Lula objavio da mu je cilj

of ensuring everyone had three meals a day.

osigurati da svi imaju tri obroka dnevno.

And this zero hunger program

Program nulte stope gladi

costs .5 percent of GDP

stoji 0,5 posto BDP-a,

and has lifted many millions of people

a spasio je više milijuna ljudi

out of hunger and poverty.

od gladi i siromaštva.

It is transforming the face of hunger in Brazil,

To sada mijenja stanje gladi u Brazilu

and it's at scale, and it's creating opportunities.

i to u velikom opsegu te stvara prilike.

I've gone out there; I've met with the small farmers

Otišla sam tamo; sastala sam se s malim poljoprivrednicima

who have built their livelihoods

koji su izgradili sredstva za život

on the opportunity and platform

na mogućnosti i prilici

provided by this.

koju to pruža.

Now if we look at the economic imperative here,

Ako pogledamo ekonomski imperativ ovdje,

this isn't just about compassion.

ne radi se samo o suosjećanju.

The fact is studies show

Istraživanja pokazuju

that the cost of malnutrition and hunger --

da cijena pothranjenosti i gladi --

the cost to society,

cijena za društvo,

the burden it has to bear --

teret koji mora nositi --

is on average six percent,

u prosjeku iznosi šest posto,

and in some countries up to 11 percent,

u nekim zemljama do 11 posto

of GDP a year.

BDP-a godišnje.

And if you look at the 36 countries

Ako pogledate 36 država

with the highest burden of malnutrition,

s najvećim teretom pothranjenosti,

that's 260 billion lost from a productive economy

to je 260 milijardi gubitka za produktivno gospodarstvo

every year.

svake godine.

Well, the World Bank estimates

Svjetska banka procjenjuje

it would take about 10 billion dollars --

da bi bilo potrebno oko 10 milijardi dolara,

10.3 --

10,3

to address malnutrition in those countries.

da bi se suočilo s pothranjenošću ondje.

You look at the cost-benefit analysis,

Pogledajte analizu troškova i koristi,

and my dream is to take this issue,

moj san je predstaviti taj problem,

not just from the compassion argument,

ne samo iz suosjećanja

but to the finance ministers of the world,

ministrima financija iz cijeloga svijeta

and say we cannot afford

i reći da si ne možemo priuštiti

to not invest

ne uložiti

in the access to adequate, affordable nutrition

u pristup primjerenoj, pristupačnoj prehrani

for all of humanity.

za cijelo čovječanstvo.

The amazing thing I've found

Zapanjujuća stvar koju sam otkrila

is nothing can change on a big scale

je da se ništa ne može uvelike promijeniti

without the determination of a leader.

bez odlučnosti vođe.

When a leader says, "Not under my watch,"

Kada vođa kaže: "Ne dok ja odlučujem",

everything begins to change.

sve se počinje mijenjati.

And the world can come in

I svijet može početi

with enabling environments and opportunities to do this.

stvarati okolnosti i prilike da bi se to ostvarilo.

And the fact that France

Činjenica da je Francuska

has put food at the center of the G20

stavila hranu u središte interesa skupine G20

is really important.

veoma je važno.

Because food is one issue

Jer hrana je jedan od problema

that cannot be solved person by person, nation by nation.

koji se ne može rješavati osobu po osobu, ili narod.

We have to stand together.

Moramo se ujediniti.

And we're seeing nations in Africa.

Vidimo što se događa narodima u Africi.

WFP's been able to leave 30 nations

WFP je uspio otići iz 30 zemalja, čak 30,

because they have transformed

jer su promijenili

the face of hunger in their nations.

stanje gladi u tim zemljama.

What I would like to offer here is a challenge.

Ono što bih vam željela ponuditi je izazov.

I believe we're living at a time in human history

Vjerujem da živimo u razdoblju ljudske povijesti

where it's just simply unacceptable

kada je jednostavno neprihvatljivo

that children wake up

da se djeca bude

and don't know where to find a cup of food.

i ne znaju gdje mogu pronaći šalicu hrane.

Not only that,

Ne samo to,

transforming hunger

mijenjanje gladi

is an opportunity,

prilika je

but I think we have to change our mindsets.

no mislim da moramo promijeniti način razmišljanja.

I am so honored to be here

Velika mi je čast biti ovdje

with some of the world's top innovators and thinkers.

s nekima od vodećih svjetskih inovatora i mislioca.

And I would like you to join with all of humanity

Željela bih da se udružite s čitavim čovječanstvom

to draw a line in the sand

i povučete crtu

and say, "No more.

te kažete: "Nema više.

No more are we going to accept this."

Nećemo to više prihvaćati".

And we want to tell our grandchildren

Želimo reći našim unucima

that there was a terrible time in history

da je u povijesti postojalo užasno razdoblje

where up to a third of the children

kada su gotovo trećini djece

had brains and bodies that were stunted,

mozgovi i tijela bila zakržljala,

but that exists no more.

no ta vremena su iza nas.

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)