Tim Berners-Lee: A Magna Carta for the web

155,576 views ・ 2014-08-18

TED


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

Translator: Marc Ribatallada Reviewer: Carla Pavia Fayos
00:12
TED is 30.
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TED ha fet 30 anys.
00:14
The world wide web is celebrating this month
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Aquest mes, la World Wide Web celebra
00:17
its 25th anniversary.
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el seu 25è aniversari.
00:19
So I've got a question for you.
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I tinc una pregunta per a vosaltres:
00:22
Let's talk about the journey, mainly about the future.
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parlem del viatge, del que ens espera,
00:26
Let's talk about the state.
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parlem del govern.
00:28
Let's talk about what sort of a web we want.
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A veure quin tipus de Web volem.
00:30
So 25 years ago, then, I was working at CERN.
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Fa 25 anys treballava al CERN,
00:34
I got permission in the end after about a year
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i finalment, després d'un any, em van donar permís
00:36
to basically do it as a side project.
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per a fer-ho com a projecte no oficial.
00:39
I wrote the code.
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Vaig escriure el codi.
00:40
I was I suppose the first user.
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Crec que vaig ser el primer usuari.
00:43
There was a lot of concern
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Hi havia molta preocupació,
00:45
that people didn't want to pick it up
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la gent no volia adoptar-ho
00:47
because it would be too complicated.
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perquè seria massa complicat.
00:49
A lot of persuasion, a lot of wonderful
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Amb molta persuasió,
00:50
collaboration with other people,
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i col·laboració amb gent meravellosa,
00:52
and bit by bit, it worked.
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poc a poc, va arrencar.
00:54
It took off. It was pretty cool.
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I va ser un èxit. Va ser genial.
00:56
And in fact, a few years later in 2000,
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De fet, uns anys més tard, a l'any 2000,
00:59
five percent of the world population
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un 5 % de la població mundial
01:03
were using the world wide web.
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utilitzava la World Wide Web
01:05
In 2007, seven years later, 17 percent.
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L'any 2007, 7 anys més tard, el 17 %.
01:08
In 2008, we formed the World Wide Web Foundation
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L'any 2008 vam crear la World Wide Web Foundation,
01:11
partly to look at that
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en part per vigilar
01:13
and worry about that figure.
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i controlar aquest nombre.
01:16
And now here we are in 2014,
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I ara per ara, l'any 2014,
01:18
and 40 percent of the world
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un 40 % de la població mundial
01:20
are using the world wide web, and counting.
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utilitza la World Wide Web, i segueix a l'alça.
01:24
Obviously it's increasing.
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És obvi que creix.
01:26
I want you to think about both sides of that.
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I vull que penseu en els dos aspectes d'aquest fet.
01:29
Okay, obviously to anybody here at TED,
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Es evident que aquí a Ted,
01:32
the first question you ask is, what can we do
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el primer que us preguntareu
és com ens ho fem perquè l'altre 60 per cent pugi al carro
01:35
to get the other 60 percent on board
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el més aviat possible?
01:37
as quickly as possible?
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01:38
Lots of important things. Obviously it's going to be around mobile.
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Hi ha moltes coses importants. Evidentment la part mòbil serà clau.
01:40
But also, I want you to think about the 40 percent,
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Però també vull que penseu en aquest 40%,
01:42
because if you're sitting there yourself
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perquè si gaudiu
01:44
sort of with a web-enabled life,
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d'una vida amb Internet,
01:47
you don't remember things anymore,
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ja no recordeu les coses,
01:48
you just look them up,
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les mireu a la Web,
01:50
then you may feel that it's been a success
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podeu arribar a pensar que és un èxit
01:54
and we can all sit back.
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i que ja ho tenim tot fet.
01:56
But in fact, yeah, it's been a success,
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Però, de fet, sí, ha estat un èxit,
01:59
there's lots of things, Khan Academy
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hi ha moltes opcions, Khan Academy,
02:01
for crying out loud, there's Wikipedia,
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per Déu, hi ha la Wikipedia,
02:03
there's a huge number of free e-books
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un gran nombre d'e-books gratuïts
02:05
that you can read online,
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que es poden llegir en línia,
02:06
lots of wonderful things for education,
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coses meravelloses per a l'educació,
02:08
things in many areas.
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de tot en totes les àrees.
02:10
Online commerce has in some cases
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El comerç en línea
02:12
completely turned upside down the way commerce works altogether,
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ha capgirat la forma amb la que el comerç funcionava,
02:15
made types of commerce available
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ha creat noves formes de comerç
02:17
which weren't available at all before.
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que fins ara no eren possibles.
02:19
Commerce has been almost universally affected.
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Un dels més grans afectats ha estat el comerç.
02:22
Government, not universally affected,
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Els governs, no de manera universal,
02:24
but very affected, and on a good day,
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però també s'han vist afectats d'alguna manera:
02:27
lots of open data, lots of e-government,
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informació lliure, e-govern,
02:30
so lots of things which are visible
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moltes coses que ara són visibles
02:32
happening on the web.
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i es poden veure a la Web.
02:34
Also, lots of things which are less visible.
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També hi ha coses menys visibles
02:36
The healthcare, late at night when they're worried
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La sanitat, per la nit preocupats
02:38
about what sort of cancer
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perquè algú que coneixen
02:40
somebody they care about might have,
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té càncer,
02:42
when they just talk across the Internet to somebody
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o poden parlar a través d'Internet
02:47
who they care about very much in another country.
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amb algú d'un altre pais a qui s'estimen.
02:52
Those sorts of things are not, they're not out there,
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Aquestes coses no están ahí a l'abast,
02:56
and in fact they've acquired a certain amount of privacy.
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i de fet, han adquirit cert valor privat.
02:59
So we cannot assume that part of the web,
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No podem donar per fet que aquesta part de la Web,
03:02
part of the deal with the web,
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el que ens ofereix la Web,
03:03
is when I use the web,
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és que quan l'utilitzem,
03:05
it's just a transparent, neutral medium.
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no és un medi transparent i neutral.
03:08
I can talk to you over it without worrying
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Puc parlar amb algú sense preocupar-me
03:10
about what we in fact now know is happening,
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del que sabem què està passant,
03:13
without worrying about the fact
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sense preocupar-nos de que
03:16
that not only will surveillance be happening
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algú ens està escoltant
03:18
but it'll be done by people who may abuse the data.
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i de que potser aquest algú se n'aprofitarà.
03:21
So in fact, something we realized,
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Per tant, hem d'entendre
03:22
we can't just use the web,
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que no podem utilitzar la Web,
03:23
we have to worry about
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ens tenim que preocupar
03:25
what the underlying infrastructure of the whole thing,
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de si la infraestructura que hi ha darrera de tot això,
03:29
is it in fact of a quality that we need?
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té la qualitat que n'hem d'exigir.
03:33
We revel in the fact that we have this wonderful free speech.
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Gaudim del fet que tenim llibertat d'expressió.
03:38
We can tweet, and oh, lots and lots of people
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Podem fer un tweet, i molta, molta gent
03:41
can see our tweets, except when they can't,
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pot veure'ls, però no és així,
03:44
except when actually Twitter is blocked from their country,
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hi ha països on Twitter està bloquejat,
03:47
or in some way the way we try to express ourselves
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o d'alguna manera, la forma que tenim d'expresar-nos
03:50
has put some information about the state of ourselves,
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dóna alguna informació de nosaltres,
03:53
the state of the country we live in,
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del pais on vivim,
03:55
which isn't available to anybody else.
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que ningú més pot saber.
03:57
So we must protest and make sure
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Hem de protestar i assegurar-nos
04:00
that censorship is cut down,
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que no hi ha censura,
04:02
that the web is opened up
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que la Web és lliure
04:04
where there is censorship.
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allà on hi ha censura.
04:06
We love the fact that the web is open.
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Apreciem que la Web sigui lliure.
04:09
It allows us to talk. Anybody can talk to anybody.
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ens permet parlar. Tothom pot parlar amb tothom.
04:11
It doesn't matter who we are.
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Tant és qui siguem.
04:13
And then we join these big
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Ens unim a aquestes
04:14
social networking companies
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grans xarxes socials
04:17
which are in fact effectively built as silos,
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que, de fet, estan construïdes
04:20
so that it's much easier to talk to somebody
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perquè sigui més fàcil xerrar amb altres persones
04:22
in the same social network
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que també pertanyen a la mateixa xarxa social
04:24
than it is to talk to somebody in a different one,
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però no amb altres que no hi estan,
04:26
so in fact we're sometimes limiting ourselves.
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per la qual cosa ens estem limitant.
04:31
And we also have, if you've read the book about the filter bubble,
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I també, si heu llegit el llibre "The Filter Bubble",
04:34
the filter bubble phenomenon is that
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el fenomen "filter bubble" consisteix
04:36
we love to use machines
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en que ens agrada utilitzar les màquines
04:37
which help us find stuff we like.
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per trobar les coses que ens agraden.
04:40
So we love it when we're bathed in
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Ens encanta disposar de tot allò
04:42
what things we like to click on,
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que ens agrada sols amb fer click,
04:44
and so the machine automatically feeds us
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i la màquina, automàticament, ens dóna
04:46
the stuff that we like and we end up
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tot allò que ens agrada
04:47
with this rose-colored spectacles view of the world
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i acabem amb aquesta visió de color rosa del món,
04:52
called a filter bubble.
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anomeda "filter bubble".
04:54
So here are some of the things which maybe
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Hi ha tot de coses que potser
04:56
threaten the social web we have.
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amenacen la xarxa social que tenim.
04:59
What sort of web do you want?
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Quin tipus de Web volem?
05:01
I want one which is not fragmented into lots of pieces,
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Jo en vull una que no estigui fragmentada a peces,
05:04
as some countries have been suggesting
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com alguns països proposen
05:06
they should do in reaction to recent surveillance.
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per fer front al problema de l'espionatge.
05:09
I want a web which has got, for example,
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Vull una Web que sigui, per exemple,
05:13
is a really good basis for democracy.
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una bona base per a la democràcia.
05:16
I want a web where I can use healthcare
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Vull una Web on pugui utilitzar la sanitat
amb privacitat i on hi hagi molta
05:21
with privacy and where there's a lot
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05:22
of health data, clinical data is available
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informació sobre salut, on la informació clínica
05:25
to scientists to do research.
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sigui lliure per a la recerca científica.
05:27
I want a web where the other 60 percent
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Vull una Web on el 60% que no hi és
05:30
get on board as fast as possible.
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pugui entrar-hi el més aviat possible.
05:33
I want a web which is such a powerful basis for innovation
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Vull una Web que sigui una base per a la innovació
05:37
that when something nasty happens,
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i que quan alguna cosa dolenta passi,
05:39
some disaster strikes, that we can respond
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quan hi hagi algun desastre, puguem respondre
05:41
by building stuff to respond to it very quickly.
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i sol·lucionar-ho ràpidament.
05:45
So this is just some of the things that I want,
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Aquests són alguns exemples del que vull,
05:48
from a big list, obviously it's longer.
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d'una llista llargíssima.
05:50
You have your list.
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Cada u té la seva llista.
05:51
I want us to use this 25th anniversary
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Vull que en aquest 25è aniversari
05:54
to think about what sort of a web we want.
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pensem en quin tipus de Web volem.
05:57
You can go to webat25.org
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Podeu anar a webat25.org
on hi trobareu alguns enllaços.
05:59
and find some links.
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06:00
There are lots of sites where people
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Hi ha un bon grapat de dominis
06:01
have started to put together a Magna Carta,
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on la gent ha començat a redactar una Carta Magna,
06:04
a bill of rights for the web.
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una declaració de drets per a la Web.
06:05
How about we do that?
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Què us sembla si ens hi unim?
06:07
How about we decide, these are, in a way,
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Si acordem que, d'alguna manera,
06:11
becoming fundamental rights, the right to communicate with whom I want.
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hi ha uns drets fonamentals, el dret de comunicar-nos amb qui volguem.
06:15
What would be on your list for that Magna Carta?
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Què posarieu a la vostra Carta Magna?
06:17
Let's crowdsource a Magna Carta
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Fem una Carta Magna entre tots
06:20
for the web.
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per a la Web.
06:22
Let's do that this year.
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Fem-la aquest any.
06:24
Let's use the energy from the 25th anniversary
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Utilitzem l'energia del 25è aniversari
06:27
to crowdsource a Magna Carta
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per fer entre tots una Carta Magna
06:30
to the web. (Applause)
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per a la Web. (Aplaudiments)
06:31
Thank you. And do me a favor, will you?
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Gràcies. I, feu-me un favor:
06:36
Fight for it for me. Okay? Thanks.
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Feu-ho per mi, d'acord? Gràcies.
06:38
(Applause)
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(Aplaudiments)
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