How friendship affects your brain - Shannon Odell

Translator: Muhammaddiyor Sotvoldiyev Reviewer: Sevara Pulatova

Friendships can hold an exceptional place in our life stories.

Do’stlik bizning hayot hikoyalarimizda alohida o’rin egallashi mumkin.

What is it about these connections that make them so unique?

Bu munosabatlarni nima o’ziga xos qilib turadi?

Before we dive into the science, let’s first observe one in action.

Ilmiy jihatdan ko’rishdan avval, keling bir namuna ko’raylik.

If I could somehow design a best friend, you know,

Agar men eng zo’r do’stni yarata olganimda,

put together all the ideal qualities of my perfect match,

barcha mukammal fazilatlarni birlashtirganimda

that person would pale in comparison to Priya.

o’sha inson Priyaning oldida hech narsa bo’lmas edi.

She can turn any situation into a good time—

U har qanday vaziyatni yaxshi tomonga o’zgartira oladi-

chemistry lab, band practice.

kimyo laboratoriyasi, qo’shiq guruhi.

What I’m trying to say is I never laugh harder than when I’m with Priya.

Aytmoqchimanki, Priya bilan bo’ganimda eng baxtli bo’laman.

And she’s always there for me.

Va u har doim men bilan bo’ladi

Like last year after I got dumped by Te— you know what?

O’tgan yili Te meni ahmoq qilib ketganidan so’ng, bilasizmi?

I don’t even want to mention their name.

Hattoki, ismini aytishni xohlamayman.

It felt like my whole world was crashing down.

Butun olam men uchun qulayotgandek tuyuldi.

But as soon as I told Priya, boom, she was at my door.

Ammo Priyaga aytishim bilanoq, u oldimda bo’ldi

I was a wreck, but she sat there with me and listened.

Men og’ir vaziyatda edim,ammo u men bilan bo’ldi va tingladi.

We’re always on the same page;

Doim bir-birimizni tushunardik.

it’s as if we can read each other’s minds!

Go’yoki bir-birimizning hayolimizni o’qigandek!

And we can talk for hours— about anything.

Va biz bir necha soatlar gaplashib turar edik.

I know my mom would say she has the phone bills to prove it.

Bilaman, onamda gapimni isbotlash uchuntelefon harajatlari bor

If it seems like friendships formed in adolescence are particularly special,

O’smirlik davrida shakllangan do’stlik ,ayniqsa ,boshqachadek,

that’s because they are.

chunki rostdan ham boshqacha.

Early childhood, adolescent, and adult friendships

Bolalikdagi, o’smirlikdagi va ulg’aygandagi do’stliklar

all manifest a little differently

ular barchasi ozgina bir-biridan boshqacha

in part because the brain works in different ways at those stages of life.

chunki miyamiz hayotning turli davrlarida turlicha ishlaydi.

Adolescence is a unique time when peer relationships take focus,

O’smirlik bu tengdoshlar bilan aloqalarga e’tibor qaratadigan ajoyib vaqt

and thanks to the developing brain,

va rijojlanayotgan miyamiz tufayli

there are changes in the way you value, understand, and connect to friends.

sen do’stlar bilan bog’langaningda,ularni tushunganingda,qadrlaganingda farqlar bor.

O’smir do’stlar biri biriga juda bog’lanib qolgandek tuyuladi.

Teenage friends can seem attached at the hip.

Scientists describe adolescence as a social reorientation

Olimlar o’smirlikni ijtimoiy yo’nalish sifatida ta’riflaydilar,

as teenagers begin to spend as much or more time

chunki o’smirlar ota-onalariga qaraganda do’stlari bilan

with their friends than with their parents.

ko’proq yoki teng vaqt o’tkazishni boshlaydilar.

This drive to hang with pals may be due to changes in the brain’s reward center,

Do’stlar bilan muloqot qilish miyaning o’zgarishlarga bog’liq bo’lishi mumkin,

known as the ventral striatum.

va bu “Ventral striatum” deb ataladi.

Uning faollashishi boshqalar bilan muloqot qilishni yoqimli qiladi

Its activation makes hanging out with others enjoyable

and motivates you to spend more time with them.

va ular bilan ko’proq vaqt o’tkazishga undaydi.

O’rganishlar ko’rsatadiki, bu joy sizning o’smirlik yillaringizda juda reaktivdir.

Neuroimaging studies show that this region is highly reactive

during your teenage years,

which may explain why adolescents seem to place a higher value

Bu nega o’smirlar bolalar yoki kattalarga qaraganda ijtimoiy aloqalarga ko’proq

on social interactions than children or adults.

ahamiyat berishini tushuntirishi mumkin.

Teenage friendships can also feel more intimate

O’smirlikdagi do’stlik bolalikdagidan ko’ra yaqinroq bo’lishi mumkin.

than the friendships of your childhood.

This deeper connection is possible thanks to improvements

Bu chuqur bog’liqliklar “Aql nazariyasi” dagi rivojlanishlar tufayli bo’ldi,

in what scientists call Theory of Mind.

Theory of Mind is the ability to understand others’ emotions,

“Aql nazariyasi” bu qolganlarning hissiyotlarini, fikrlarini va

thoughts, motivations, and points of view,

motivatsiyasini tushuna olish qobiliyati

and to realize that they may be different from your own.

ular senikidan boshqacharoq bo’lishini tushuna olishdir.

Bu intuitiv tuyulishi mumkin bo’lsa-da,

While it may seem intuitive,

this ability hinges on the careful coordination of various brain regions,

Bu qobiliyat miyaning turli qismlarini diqqat bilan muvofiqlashtirishga bog’liq.

sometimes referred to as the social brain.

Bu ba’zida “social brain” deb ataladi

Babies begin to develop Theory of Mind around 18 months or so.

Chaqaloqlarda 18 oy atrofida “Aql nazariyasi’ rivojlana boshlaydi.

Before that, it’s thought they believe that everyone perceives and knows

Avvallari, ular barcha bir xil narsalarni biladi va his qiladi deb o’ylashgandi.

exactly what they know.

It was once considered to be fully developed by age five,

Bir vaqtlar u besh yoshga qadar to’liq rivojlangan deb hisoblangan,

but scientists now know that Theory of Mind

Ammo olimlar bilishadiki, “Aql nazariyasi”

continues to improve and mature well into your teenage years and beyond.

o’smirlik va undan keyingi davrda yaxshilanishda va kamolotda davom etmoqda.

Likewise, regions within the social brain show increased connectivity

Shuningdek,‘social brain’ ichidagi hududlar o’smirlik davrida bolalik bilan

during adolescence compared with childhood.

solishtirganda ko’proq bog’lanishni ko’rsatadi.

As a result, teens can better understand their friend’s perspectives,

Natijada, o’smirlar do’stlarining nuqtai nazarini yaxshiroq tushunishlari mumkin,

allowing for deeper connections to flourish.

va chuqurroq aloqalarni rivojlantirishga imkon beradi.

In the closest friendships,

Eng yaqin do’stlarda,

it can almost feel as if you’re metaphysically connected—

Xuddi metafizik jihatdan bog’langandek tuyulishi mumkin.

two bodies and minds, perfectly in sync.

ikkita tana va ong bir-biriga mos keladi.

And there is science to this!

Va buning ilmiy isboti bor!

Your ability to connect with others somewhat depends

Sening boshqalar bilan bog’lana olishing

on the coordination of actions, emotions, physiology, and thoughts.

harakatlarning, hissiyotlarning va fikrlarning moslashuviga bog’liq

This is what psychologists call interpersonal synchrony.

Va buni psixologlar “interpersonal synchrony” deb atashadi

You first show signs of the ability to sync with others as infants—

Siz avval chaqaloq sifatida boshqalar bilan sinxronlash qobiliyatini ko’rsatasiz

synchronizing movements and babbling with your parents.

harakatlarni sinxronlashtirish va ota-onangiz bilan gaplashish.

As you get older and spend more time outside the home,

Yoshingiz ulg’aygan sari va uydan

tashqarida ko’proq vaqt o’tkazgansariz

you increasingly show this synchrony with your peers.

siz tengdoshlaringiz bilan bu sinxronlikni

For example, imagine walking down the street with a friend.

tobora ko’proq namoyon etasiz.

Misol uchun, do’stingiz bilan ko’chada yurganingizni tasavvur qiling.

Often without consciously thinking,

you stroll at the same pace and follow the same path.

Ko’pincha ongli ravishda o’ylamasdan,

You and your best friend may not be only on the same page,

siz bir xil tezlikda yurasiz va bir xil yo’ldan yurasiz.

but also scientifically, in step.

Siz va eng yaqin do’stingiz faqatgina bir xil o’ylamasligingiz mumkin

ammo, ilmiy jihatdan bu bo’lishi mumkin.