The tragic myth of Orpheus and Eurydice - Brendan Pelsue

8,039,510 views ・ 2018-01-11

TED-Ed


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

Prevodilac: Milenka Okuka Lektor: Mile Živković
00:06
It was the perfect wedding, the guests thought.
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Venčanje je bilo savršeno, mislili su gosti.
00:09
The groom was Orpheus, the greatest of all poets and musicians.
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Mladoženja je bio Orfej, najveći od svih pesnika i muzičara.
00:14
The bride Eurydice, a wood nymph.
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Mlada je bila Euridika, šumska nimfa.
00:17
Anyone could tell the couple was truly and deeply in love.
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Svima je bilo jasno da je par istinski i duboko zaljubljen.
00:22
Suddenly, Eurydice stumbled, then fell to the ground.
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Iznenada, Euridika se zateturala, a potom pala na zemlju.
00:27
By the time Orpheus reached her side, she was dead,
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Dok je Orfej stigao do nje, bila je mrtva,
00:30
and the snake that had bitten her was slithering away through the grass.
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a zmija koja je ugrizla gmizala je dalje kroz travu.
00:35
Following Eurydice’s funeral,
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Nakon Euridikine sahrane,
00:37
Orpheus was overcome with a grief the human world could not contain,
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Orfej je bio ophrvan bolom koga svet ljudi nije mogao da obuzda,
00:42
and so he decided he would journey to the land of the dead,
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pa je odlučio da otputuje u zemlju mrtvih,
00:46
a place from which no living creature had ever returned, to rescue his beloved.
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u mesto iz kojeg se nijedno živo biće nije vratilo ikada, kako bi spasio voljenu.
00:53
When Orpheus reached the gates of the underworld, he began to strum his lyre.
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Kada je Orfej stigao do kapija Podzemlja, počeo je da svira na liri.
00:58
The music was so beautiful that Cerberus, the three-headed dog who guards the dead,
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Muzika je bila toliko lepa da je Kerber, troglavi pas koji je stražario mrtvima,
01:04
lay down as Orpheus passed.
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prilegao dok je Orfej prolazio.
01:06
Charon, the ferry captain who charged dead souls to cross the River Styx,
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Haron, lađar koji je naplaćivao mrtvim dušama da pređu reku Stiks,
01:11
was so moved by the music that he brought Orpheus across free of charge.
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bio je toliko dirnut muzikom da je prevezao Orfeja bez naknade.
01:17
When Orpheus entered the palace of Hades and Persephone,
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Kada je Orfej ušao u dvorac Hada i Persefone,
01:21
the king and queen of the dead,
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kralja i kraljice mrtvih,
01:23
he began to sing.
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počeo je da peva.
01:25
He sang of his love for Eurydice, and said she had been taken away too soon.
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Pevao je o svojoj ljubavi prema Euridiki i rekao kako je otrgnuta suviše rano.
01:30
The day would come when she, like all living creatures,
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Stigao bi dan kada će, kao i sva živa bića,
01:33
dwelled in the land of the dead for all eternity,
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počivati u zemlji mrtvih za čitavu večnost,
01:36
so couldn’t Hades grant her just a few more years on Earth?
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pa zar joj Had nije mogao udeliti bar još nekoliko godina na Zemlji?
01:41
In the moment after Orpheus finished, all hell stood still.
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U trenutku kada je Orfej završio, čitav pakao je stajao mirno.
01:46
Sisyphus no longer rolled his rock up the hill.
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Sizif više nije kotrljao svoju stenu uz brdo.
01:48
Tantalus did not reach for the water he would never be allowed to drink.
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Tantal nije posezao za vodom, koja će mu zauvek biti zabranjena za piće.
01:53
Even the Furies, the demonic goddesses of vengeance, wept.
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Čak su i Furije, demonske boginje osvete, plakale.
01:58
Hades and Persephone granted Orpheus’s plea, but on one condition.
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Had i Persefona su uslišili Orfejevu molbu, ali pod jednim uslovom.
02:03
As he climbed back out of the underworld,
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Dok bude izlazio iz podzemnog sveta,
02:05
he must not turn around to see if Eurydice was following behind him.
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ne sme da se osvrne unazad da vidi da li ga Euridika prati.
02:10
If he did, she would return to the land of the dead forever.
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Ako se osvrne, ona će se vratiti u zemlju mrtvih zauvek.
02:15
Orpheus began to climb.
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Orfej je počeo da se penje.
02:17
With each step,
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Svakim korakom,
02:18
he worried more and more about whether Eurydice was behind him.
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bio je sve više zabrinut da li je Euridika iza njega.
02:23
He heard nothing— where were her footsteps?
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Nije čuo bilo šta - gde je zvuk njenih stopa?
02:26
Finally, just before he stepped out of the underworld
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Konačno, baš pre nego što je iskoračio iz podzemnog sveta
02:29
and into the bright light of day,
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na svetlost dana,
02:31
he gave into temptation.
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popustio je pred iskušenjem.
02:34
Orpheus tried to return to the underworld, but was refused entry.
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Orfej je pokušao da se vrati u podzemlje, ali mu nije dozvoljen ulazak.
02:38
Separated from Eurydice,
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Razdvojen od Euridike,
02:40
Orpheus swore never to love another woman again.
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Orfej se zakleo da neće voleti drugu ženu nikad više.
02:44
Instead, he sat in a grove of trees and sang songs of lovers.
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Umesto toga, sedeo je među drvećem i pevao pesme o ljubavnicima.
02:49
There was Ganymede, the beautiful boy who Zeus made drink-bearer to the gods.
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Pevao je o Ganimedu, prelepom dečaku koga je Zevs pretvorio u slugu za bogove.
02:54
There was Myrrah, who loved her father and was punished for it,
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Pevao je o Mirni, koja je volela svog oca i bila kažnjena zbog toga
02:58
and Pygmalion, who sculpted his ideal woman out of ivory,
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i Pigmalionu, koji je isklesao sebi idealnu ženu od slonovače,
03:02
then prayed to Venus until she came to life.
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potom se molio Veneri sve dok nije oživela.
03:07
And there was Venus herself,
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A pevao je i o samoj Veneri,
03:08
whose beautiful Adonis was killed by a wild boar.
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čijeg je prelepog Adonisa ubio vepar.
03:12
It was as if Orpheus’s own love and loss
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Činilo se da Orfejeva lična ljubav i gubitak
03:15
had allowed him to see into the hearts of gods and people everywhere.
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mu dozvoljavaju da prozre u srca bogova i ljudi svuda.
03:21
For some, however, poetry was not enough.
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Nekima, međutim, poezija nije bila dovoljna.
03:24
A group of wild women called the Maenads
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Grupa divljih žena, po imenu Menade,
03:27
could not bear the thought that a poet who sang so beautifully of love
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nije mogla da podnese misao na to da pesnik koji tako divno peva o ljubavi
03:31
would not love them.
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ne voli njih.
03:34
Their jealousy drove them to a frenzy and they destroyed poor Orpheus.
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Mahnite od ljubomore uništile su jadnog Orfeja.
03:38
The birds, nature’s singers, mourned Orpheus,
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Ptice, pevači prirode, oplakivale su Orfeja,
03:42
as did the rivers, who made music as they babbled.
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kao i reke, koje su žuborenjem stvarale muziku.
03:46
The world had lost two great souls.
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Svet je izgubio dve velike duše.
03:49
Orpheus and Eurydice had loved each other so deeply that when they were separated,
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Orfej i Euridika su se toliko voleli da kada su rastavljeni,
03:53
Orpheus had understood the pain and joys of lovers everywhere,
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Orfej je razumeo bol i užitke ljubavnika odasvuda,
03:58
and a new art form, the love poem, was born.
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i novi umetnički oblik, ljubavna pesma, je rođen.
04:02
While the world wept, Orpheus found peace, and his other half, in the underworld.
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Dok je svet plakao, Orfej je našao mir i svoju drugu polovinu u podzemlju.
04:08
There, to this day, he walks with Eurydice along the banks of the River Styx.
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Tu i dan-danas on šeta s Euridikom duž obala reke Stiks.
04:14
Sometimes, they stroll side by side;
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Ponekad šetaju bok uz bok;
04:17
sometimes, she is in front;
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ponekad je ona ispred njega;
04:19
and sometimes, he takes the lead, turning to look back at her as often as he likes.
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a ponekad on ide ispred, osvrćući se nazad na nju koliko mu je volja.
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