What makes a hero? - Matthew Winkler

Translator: Andrea McDonough Reviewer: Bedirhan Cinar

Translator: Aldri Fajar Muhammad Reviewer: Ade Indarta

What do Harry Potter,

Apa kesamaan Harry Potter,

Katniss Everdeen, and Frodo

Katniss Everdeen, dan Frodo

all have in common with the heroes of ancient myths?

dengan pahlawan dalam mitologi kuno?

(Roar)

(Auman)

What if I told you they are all variants of the same hero?

Bagaimana jika mereka adalah pahlawan yang sama dalam versi yang berbeda?

Do you believe that?

Bisakah kau percaya?

Joseph Campbell did.

Joseph Campbell percaya.

He studied myths from all over the world and published a book called

Ia mempelajari mitos seluruh dunia dan menerbitkan buku berjudul

"The Hero with a Thousand Faces,"

"Pahlawan dengan Seribu Wajah,"

retelling dozens of stories

menceritakan kembali puluhan cerita

and explaining how each represents the mono-myth,

dan menjelaskan bagaimana setiap cerita mewakili mono-mitos,

or Hero's Journey.

atau Perjalanan Sang Pahlawan.

So, what is the "hero's journey"?

Jadi, apa itu "Perjalanan Sang Pahlawan"?

Think of it as a cycle.

Bayangkan seperti siklus.

The journey begins and ends in a hero's ordinary world,

Perjalanan dimulai dan diakhiri di dunia normal sang pahlawan,

but the quest passes through an unfamiliar, special world.

namun misinya akan melewati sebuah dunia ajaib dan aneh.

Along the way, there are some key events.

Sepanjang jalan, akan ditemukan kejadian inti.

Think about your favorite book or movie.

Ingat kembali film dan buku favoritmu.

Does it follow this pattern?

Apakah ceritanya mengikuti pola tersebut?

Status quo, that's where we start.

Status quo, di situ kita memulainya.

1:00: Call to Adventure.

Pukul 1, Panggilan menuju Petualangan.

The hero receives a mysterious message.

Pahlawan menerima pesan misterius.

An invitation, a challenge?

Undangan, tantangan?

2:00: Assistance

Pukul 2, Bantuan

The hero needs some help, probably from someone older, wiser.

Sang pahlawan mungkin butuh bantuan, mungkin seseorang lebih tua, lebih bijak.

3:00: Departure

Pukul 3, Keberangkatan

The hero crosses the threshold from his normal, safe home,

Sang pahlawan melewati rintangan dari rumahnya yang aman dan tentram,

and enters the special world and adventure.

dan memasuki dunia ajaib penuh petualangan.

We're not in Kansas anymore.

Kita sudah tidak di Kansas lagi.

4:00: Trials

Pukul 4, Tantangan

Being a hero is hard work:

Pahlawan butuh kerja keras:

our hero solves a riddle,

memecahkan teka-teki,

slays a monster,

membasmi monster,

escapes from a trap.

keluar dari jebakan.

5:00: Approach

Pukul 5, Kedatangan

It's time to face the biggest ordeal, the hero's worst fear.

Saatnya menghadapi tugas terberat, ketakutan terbesar pahlawan.

(Roar)

(Auman)

6:00: Crisis

Pukul 6, Krisis

This is the hero's darkest hour.

Saat ini waktu tergelap sang pahlawan.

He faces death and possibly even dies,

Ia menghadapi kematian, mungkin akan mati,

only to be reborn.

untuk terlahir kembali.

7:00: Treasure

Pukul 7, Hadiah

(Roar)

(Roar)

As a result, the hero claims some treasure,

Akhirnya, pahlawan mendapat hadiahnya,

special recognition, or power.

pengakuan, atau kekuatan.

8:00: Result

Pukul 8, Hasil

This can vary between stories.

Dapat berbeda tiap cerita.

Do the monsters bow down before the hero,

Mungkin monster membungkuk kepada pahlawan,

or do they chase him as he flees from the special world?

atau mengejar pahlawan sembari kabur menuju dari dunia ajaib?

9:00: Return

Pukul 9, Kepulangan

After all that adventure, the hero returns to his ordinary world.

Setelah semua petualangan, pahlawan kembali ke dunia normalnya.

10:00: New Life

Pukul 10, Hidup yang Baru

This quest has changed the hero; he has outgrown his old life.

Misi tersebut mengubah hidup pahlawan; ia telah lahir kembali.

11:00: Resolution

Pukul 11, Penyelesaian

All the tangled plot lines get straightened out.

Setiap jalan cerita yang berliku kembali normal.

12:00: Status Quo,

Pukul 12, Status Quo,

but upgraded to a new level.

tapi dalam tingkat yang lebih tinggi.

Nothing is quite the same once you are a hero.

Setelah menjadi pahlawan, tak ada yang sama.

Many popular books and movies

Telah banyak buku dan film

follow this ancient formula pretty closely.

mengikuti racikan kuno ini, cukup mirip.

But let's see how well "The Hunger Games" fits the hero's journey template.

Mari kita lihat "The Hunger Games" yang mencontoh perjalanan sang pahlawan.

When does Katniss Everdeen hear her call to adventure

Kapan Katniss Everdeen mendengar panggilan

that gets the story moving?

yang mengubah alur cerita?

When her sister's name is called from the lottery.

Saat nama adik perempuannya dipanggil lewat undian.

How about assistance?

Dari mana bantuannya?

Is anyone going to help her on her adventure?

Adakah yang bersedia menolong dalam perjalanannya?

Haymitch.

Haymitch.

What about departure?

Bagaiman keberangkatannya?

Does she leave her ordinary world?

Apakah dia meninggalkan dunia normalnya?

She gets on a train to the capital.

Ia naik kereta menuju Kapital.

OK, so you get the idea.

Ok, jadi kamu mengerti.

What do you have in common with Harry Potter,

Apa kesamaanmu dengan Harry Potter,

Katniss Everdeen, and Frodo?

Katniss Everdeen, dan Frodo?

Well, you're human, just like them.

Manusia, seperti mereka.

The Hero's Journey myth exists in all human cultures

Mitos Perjalanan Sang Pahlawan hadir di setiap kebudayaan

and keeps getting updated,

dan selalu diperbarui,

because we humans reflect on our world

karena kita, manusia, mencerminkan dunia

through symbolic stories of our own lives.

dengan cerita simbolik kehidupan kita sendiri.

You leave your comfort zone,

Kamu meninggalkan zona nyaman,

have an experience that transforms you,

mendapat pengalaman yang mengubahmu,

and then you recover and do it again.

dan kamu pulih dan melakukannya lagi.

You don't literally slay dragons or fight Voldemort,

Kau tidak sungguh-sungguh membunuh naga atau melawan Voldemort,

but you face problems just as scary.

namun kamu menghadapi masalah yang sama menakutkannya.

Joseph Campbell said,

Joseph Campbell berkata,

"In the cave you fear to enter lies the treasure you seek."

"Dalam gua yang takut kau masuki tersimpan harta karun yang kau cari."

What is the symbolic cave you fear to enter?

Apa gua simbolik yang takut kamu masuki?

Auditions for the school play?

Audisi untuk drama sekolah?

Baseball tryouts?

Seleksi baseball?

Love?

Cinta?

Watch for this formula in books, movies, and TV shows you come across.

Perhatikan racikannya hadir dalam buku, film, dan acara TV.

You will certainly see it again.

Kamu akan melihatnya dengan jelas.

But also be sensitive to it in your own life.

Namun perhatikan juga di kehidupanmu.

Listen for your call to adventure.

Dengarkan panggilan petualangan.

Accept the challenge.

Terima tantangan.

Conquer your fear and claim the treasure you seek.

Hadapi ketakutanmu dan terima hadiah yang kau cari.

And then,

Lalu,

do it all over again.

lakukan lagi.