What does the liver do? - Emma Bryce

Što čini jetra? - Emma Bryce

Prevoditelj: Ivan Stamenković Recezent: Mislav Ante Omazić - EFZG

There's a factory inside you that weighs about 1.4 kilograms

U Vama postoji tvornica teška otprilike 1,4 kilogram

and runs for 24 hours a day.

koja radi 24 sata dnevno.

This is your liver, the heaviest organ in your body,

To je vaša jetra, najteži organ u vašem tijelu,

i jedan od najvažnijih.

and one of the most crucial.

Ova industrijska struktura istovremeno služi kao skladište,

This industrious structure simultaneously acts as a storehouse,

a manufacturing hub,

proizvodna jedinica,

and a processing plant.

i pogon za obradu.

And each of these functions involve so many important subtasks

I svaka od ovih funkcija uključuje tako puno podzadataka

that without the liver, our bodies would simply stop working.

da bi bez jetre, naša tijela jednostavno prestala raditi.

One of the liver's main functions is to filter the body's blood,

Jedna od glavnih funkcija jetre je da filtrira krv u našem tijelu,

which it receives in regular shipments from two sources:

koju prima redovnim pošiljkama iz dva izvora:

the hepatic artery delivers blood from the heart,

jetrena arterija dovodi krv iz srca,

while the hepatic portal vein brings it from the intestine.

dok ju jetrena portalna vena dovodi iz utrobe.

This double delivery fills the liver with nutrients,

Ovaj dvostruki sustav daje jetri hraniva,

that it then sorts, processes and stores

koja onda ona sortira, procesira i pohranjuje

with the help of thousands of tiny internal processing plants,

uz pomoć tisuća malenih, nutarnjih pogona za obradu,

known as lobules.

poznatih kao lobule.

Both blood flows also deliver the oxygen that the liver needs to function.

Oba toka krvi također dovode kisik koji je potreban da bi jetra funkcionirala.

The blood that is received from the intestine

Krv koja se primi iz utrobe

contains carbohydrates, fats,

sadrži ugljikohidrate, masti,

and vitamins and other nutrients dissolved in it

i vitamine te druga hraniva u sebi

from the food you've consumed.

od hrane koju smo konzumirali.

These must be processed in different ways.

Te stvari moraju biti procesuirane na različite načine.

In the case of carbohydrates,

U slučaju ugljikohidrata,

the liver breaks them down and converts them into sugars

jetra ih rastavlja i pretvara u šećere

for the body to use as energy when the filtered blood is sent back out.

koje tijelo koristi kao energiju kada se filtrirana krv šalje natrag.

Sometimes the body has leftovers of nutrients

Ponekad tijelo ima viška hraniva

that it doesn't immediately require.

koje ne treba odmah.

When that happens, the liver holds some back,

Kada se to dogodi, jetra zadržava dio,

and stacks them in its storage facility.

i slaže ih u svoja spremišta.

This facility works like a pantry

Spremište radi kao ostava

for future cases when the body might be in need of nutrients.

za buduće slučajeve kada će tijelo trebati hraniva.

But the blood flowing into the liver isn't always full of good things.

Ali krv koja dolazi u jetru nije uvijek puna dobrih stvari.

It also contains toxins and byproducts that the body can't use.

Također sadrži toksine i nusprodukte koje tijelo ne može koristiti.

And the liver monitors these strictly.

Jetra strogo nadzire te stvar.

When it spots a useless or toxic substance,

Kada spazi nepotrebne ili toksične supstance,

it either converts it into a product that can't hurt the body

ili ih pretvara u proizvod koji ne može naštetiti tijelu

or isolates it and whisks it away,

ili ih izolira i odbacuje,

channeling it through the kidneys and intestine to be excreted.

usmjeravajući ih van kroz bubrege i crijeva.

Of course, we wouldn't consider the liver a factory

Naravno, ne bismo jetru smatrali tvornicom

if it didn't also manufacture things.

da također ne proizvodi stvari.

This organ makes everything from various blood plasma proteins

Ovaj organ pravi sve od različitih proteina plazme

that transport fatty acids and help form blood clots,

koji transportiraju masne kiseline i pomažu u grušanju krvi,

to the cholesterol that helps the body create hormones.

do kolesterola koji pomaže tijelu stvarati hormone.

It also makes vitamin D and substances that help digestion.

Također radi vitamin D i tvari koje pomažu probavi.

But one of its most vital products is bile.

Ali jedan od vitalnih proizvoda je žuč.

Like an eco-friendly treatment plant,

Kao u eko-prijateljskoj tvornici za preradu,

the liver uses cells called hepatocytes

jetra koristi stanice naziva hepatociti

to convert toxic waste products into this bitter greenish liquid.

za pretvaranje toksičnih proizvoda u ovu gorku zelenkastu tekućinu.

As it's produced, bile is funneled into a small container below the liver,

Kako je proizvedena, žuč se usmjerava u mali spremnik ispod jetre,

called the gallbladder,

nazvan žučni mjehur,

before being trickled into the intestine

prije nego se ukaplje u utrobu

to help break down fats, destroy microbes, and neutralize extra stomach acid.

da pomogne rastvaranju masti, uništavanju mikroba i neutraliziranju želučane kiseline.

Bile also helps carry other toxins and byproducts from the liver

Žuč također pomaže u prenošenju drugih toksina i nusprodukata iz jetre

out of the body.

van iz tijela.

So as you can see,

Kao što možete vidjeti,

the liver is an extremely efficient industrial site,

jetra je ekstremno učinkovito industrijsko postrojenje,

performing multiple tasks that support each other.

koje radi više zadataka koji podupiru jedni druge.

But such a complex system needs to be kept running smoothly

Ali takav složen sustav mora raditi besprijekorno

by keeping it healthy

tako da ga održimo zdravim

and not overloading it with more toxins than it can handle.

i ne preopteretimo s više toksina nego može podnijeti.

This is one factory we simply can't afford to shut down.

Ovo je jedna tvornica koju jednostavno ne možemo zatvoriti.