Erik Hersman: How texting helped Kenyans survive crisis

15,544 views ・ 2009-04-22

TED


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譯者: Jeannie Cheng 審譯者: Joyce Lynn
00:12
So I'm here to tell you a story of success from Africa.
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我今天要告訴大家一個非洲的成功故事
00:16
A year and a half ago,
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在一年半前
00:19
four of the five people who are full time members
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有五個人,他們是全職的 “Ushahidi“
00:21
at Ushahidi,
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“Ushahidi“ 在斯瓦希里話中是「證詞」的意思
00:23
which means "testimony" in Swahili,
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其中有四個人
00:26
were TED Fellows.
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是 TED 的會員
00:28
A year ago in Kenya we had post-election violence.
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一年前肯亞發生了選舉後的暴力事件
00:31
And in that time we prototyped and built,
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那時候我們花了大約三天
00:34
in about three days, a system that would allow
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建立了一個系統模式
00:36
anybody with a mobile phone
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這個模式能讓任何人用行動電話
00:38
to send in information and reports on what was happening around them.
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把他們身邊所發生的事情報導出來
00:41
We took what we knew about Africa,
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我們將我們對非洲的認知
00:43
the default device,
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透過這個原始裝置 --
00:45
the mobile phone, as our common denominator,
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行動電話 -- 當作我們的共同點
00:47
and went from there.
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用這個共同點來作為出發點
00:49
We got reports like this.
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我們收集到的報告如下
00:56
This is just a couple of them from January 17th, last year.
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這是去年一月十七日收到的其中幾則
01:02
And our system was rudimentary. It was very basic.
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我們的系統非常陽春,非常基本
01:05
It was a mash-up that used data that we collected from people,
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它只是一堆我們從別人那裡收集到的資料
01:08
and we put it on our map.
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然後放在我們的地圖上
01:10
But then we decided we needed to do something more.
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不過,後來我們決定要做多一點
01:12
We needed to take what we had built
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我們要把我們架構的系統
01:14
and create a platform out of it so that it could be used elsewhere in the world.
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變成一個全世界都能應用的平台
01:17
And so there is a team of developers
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因此我們有了一組開發人員
01:20
from all over Africa, who are part of this team now --
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他們全來自非洲各地
01:23
from Ghana, from Malawi, from Kenya.
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從迦納、馬拉威、肯亞
01:25
There is even some from the U.S.
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也有一些是來自美國的
01:29
We're building for smartphones, so that it can be used in the developed world,
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我們要讓它可以給智慧型手機使用
01:32
as well as the developing world.
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這樣它在已開發國家和開發中國家都能使用
01:34
We are realizing that this is true.
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我們瞭解這是可行的
01:36
If it works in Africa then it will work anywhere.
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如果它能在非洲運作,那麼它在任何的地方也能運作
01:38
And so we build for it in Africa first
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因此我們首先從非洲開始
01:41
and then we move to the edges.
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然後擴展到周邊地區
01:43
It's now been deployed in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
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現在它已擴展至剛果民主共和國
01:46
It's being used by NGOs all over East Africa,
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全東非的非政府機構都使用這個系統
01:49
small NGOs doing their own little projects.
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小型的非政府機構把它用在一些小計畫上
01:52
Just this last month it was deployed by
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就在上個月它已經
01:54
Al Jazeera in Gaza.
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被加沙的半島電視台所使用
01:57
But that's actually not what I'm here to talk about.
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這其實不是我今天想談論的主題
01:59
I'm here to talk about the next big thing,
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我今天要講的是接下來的大事
02:01
because what we're finding out is that
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因為我們在這個過程中發現
02:03
we have this capacity to report
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我們有能力為我們親眼看到的事情
02:05
eyewitness accounts of what's going on in real time.
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作出即時性的報導
02:09
We're seeing this in events like Mumbai recently,
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我們最近在孟買所發生的事件中應證了這個能力
02:12
where it's so much easier to report now
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現在做新聞報導甚至要比
02:14
than it is to consume it.
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閱讀新聞報導容易得多了
02:16
There is so much information; what do you do?
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現在有這麼多資訊。你如何應對呢?
02:18
This is the Twitter reports for over three days
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這是 Twitter 在那三天內
02:21
just covering Mumbai.
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有關孟買的報導
02:23
How do you decide what is important?
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你怎樣決定那一則報導是重要的呢?
02:25
What is the veracity level of what you're looking at?
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你所看到的報導有多真實呢?
02:28
So what we find is that there is this
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我們發現
02:30
great deal of wasted crisis information
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有太多多餘的資訊存在
02:32
because there is just too much information for us to
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因為我們現在所接受的資訊
02:35
actually do anything with right now.
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已經超出我們所能消化的了
02:38
And what we're actually really concerned with
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我們真正關心的是
02:40
is this first three hours.
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最初三小時的事情
02:42
What we are looking at is the first three hours.
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我們想看得是這最初三小時的事情
02:44
How do we deal with that information that is coming in?
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我們如何應付進來的資訊呢?
02:47
You can't understand what is actually happening.
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你根本不明白究竟發生什麼事
02:49
On the ground and around the world
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在事發現場,還有全世界的反應
02:51
people are still curious,
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人們仍富有好奇心
02:53
and trying to figure out what is going on. But they don't know.
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想嘗試尋找箇中的真相。但是他們不知道
02:56
So what we built of course, Ushahidi,
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所以我們所建立的 Ushahidi 當然
02:59
is crowdsourcing this information.
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是為了解決這個資訊泛濫的情況
03:01
You see this with Twitter, too. You get this information overload.
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你們也看到Twitter了,資訊完全泛濫
03:04
So you've got a lot of information. That's great.
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你獲得很多資訊。這非常好
03:06
But now what?
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然後呢?
03:08
So we think that there is something interesting we can do here.
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因此我們覺得有些有趣的事情可以做
03:11
And we have a small team who is working on this.
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我們有一個小團隊正在做
03:13
We think that we can actually create
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我們相信我們可以建立
03:15
a crowdsourced filter.
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一個大眾資訊的過濾網
03:17
Take the crowd and apply them to the information.
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選一群人,然後讓他們接收資訊
03:20
And by rating it and by rating
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然後給這些資訊評分
03:22
the different people who submit information,
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給那些提供資訊的人評分
03:24
we can get refined results
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我們就可以取得更準確的結果
03:26
and weighted results.
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和有利的結果
03:28
So that we have a better understanding
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因此我們更可以瞭解
03:30
of the probability of something being true or not.
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那些資訊有多少是真實的、多少是假的
03:32
This is the kind of innovation that is,
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這是一種創意
03:35
quite frankly -- it's interesting that it's coming from Africa.
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有趣的是這創意是來自非洲
03:37
It's coming from places that you wouldn't expect.
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它來自一個我們不曾預期的地方
03:40
From young, smart developers.
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是一些年青頂尖的開發人員
03:42
And it's a community around it that has decided to build this.
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跟他們周圍人,決定要建立這個系統的
03:45
So, thank you very much.
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謝謝各位
03:47
And we are very happy to be part of the TED family.
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我們很高興成為TED的一分子
03:49
(Applause)
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